数词高中高考英语知识汇总真题解析教程练习答案

数词高中高考英语知识汇总真题解析教程练习答案

第三章 数词 ‎1. It took us quite a long time to get here. It was ____ journey. 【200北京春】‎ ‎ A. three-hour B. a three hour ‎ C. a three-hour D. three hours ‎2. It is reported that the United States uses _____ energy as the whole of Europe. 【NMET2004全国III-33】‎ A. as twice B. twice much C. twice much as D. twice as much ‎3．The house rent is expensive . I’ve got about half the space I had at home and I’m paying here . 【2003上海】‎ ‎ A．as three times much B．as much three times ‎ ‎ C．much as three times D．three times as much ‎ ‎4.He did it ____ it took me. 【2003北京】‎ ‎ A. one-third a time B. one-third time C. the one-third time D. one-third the time ‎5．______of the land in that district ______covered with trees and grass.【2000上海】‎ ‎ A.two fifth; is B.two fifth; are C.two fifths ; is D.two fifths; are ‎6. It is not rare in _______ that people _______ fifties are going to university for further education. 【1999上海】‎ ‎ A. 90s; the B. the 90s; /‎ ‎ C. 90s; their D. the 90s; their ‎7. _______ cave that George has discovered in his life time is near the Alps. 【1992上海】‎ ‎ A. The hundredth B. The hundred ‎ C. Hundredth D. A hundredth ‎8. The hero of the story is an artist in his _______. 【1991】‎ ‎ A.thirtieth B.thirty C.thirtys D.thirties ‎9. Shortly after the accident, two _______ police were sent to the post to keep order. 【1992】‎ ‎ A. dozen of B. dozens C. dozen D. dozens of ‎10. China is _______ larger than the United States. 【1990上海】‎ A. one six B. one sixth C. one sixes D. one sixths ‎11. He looked quite healthy though he was_______.【1985上海】‎ ‎ A.in seventy B.in his seventies C.at seventies D.at the age of seventy ‎12. Mr. Smith _______ me to buy several _______ eggs for the dinner party. 【1992上海】‎ ‎ A. asked; dozen B. suggested; dozens of ‎ C. had; dozen D. persuaded; dozens ‎13. Two_______died of cold last winter. 【1988】‎ ‎ A. hundreds old people B. hundred old people C. hundreds old peoples D. hundred old peoples 答案与解析 ‎1. C该题考查数词加名词构成的合成词的用法。three-hour中间需加连字符左前置定语，journey可数需加不定冠词a。题意：用了很长时间才到那里。那是三个小时的旅程。‎ ‎2. D 该题表示倍数的用法。表示倍数的句型：①倍数+比较级+than…②倍数+ 同级比较（as/so+形容词/副词的原级（名词）+as…③倍数+the size(length, weight…) of…。据此应选B。句意：据报道美国所消耗的能源是欧洲所消耗总和的两倍。‎ ‎3.D 考查倍数的表达方式，在表达倍数时，倍数都应位于原级或比较级之前，因此D正确。‎ ‎4.D 该题考查数词的用法。数词one-third要放在名词前面，而名词time后面有定语从句it took me，故为特指，应当在他前面加定冠词the。因此，答案为D。题意：他做这件事用了我用时的三分之一。‎ ‎5．C该题考查数词与主谓一致的用法。分数的表达式“基数词+序数词的复数”；land为不可数名词，故谓语动词用单数。句意：该地区五分之二的土地为草和森林所覆盖。‎ ‎6. D该题考查数词的用法。在几十年代，在数词复数前加定冠词，即in the 90s；在某人多少多岁时，是在数词复数前加形容词性的物主代词，即：in one’s fifties。句意：九十年代人们五十多岁时上大学深造并不稀罕。‎ ‎7. D该题考查数词的用法。序数词前加定冠词。乔治在他一生中所发现的第一百个洞穴是在阿尔卑斯山附近。‎ ‎8. D该题考查数词的用法。在某人多少多岁时，是在数词复数前加形容词性的物主代词，即：in one’s thirties。句意：这个故事的男主人我翁是三十年代第一位艺术家。‎ ‎9. C该题考查数词的用法。事故发生后不久，就有两打警察被派往现场维持秩序。‎ ‎10.B该题考查数词的用法。分数是由“基数词+序数词”构成，如果基数词大于或等于2；序数词变复数。是一时序数词用单数。句意：中国比美国达六分之一。‎ ‎11. B该题考查数词的用法。在某人多少多岁时，是在数词复数前加形容词性的物主代词，即：in one’s seventies。句意：虽然他已经七十多岁了，他看上去很健康。‎ ‎12. A该题考查数词的用法。dozen和具体数连用不用复数。句意：史密斯先生让我给他买些鸡蛋宴会上用。‎ ‎13. B该题考查数词的用法。hundreds和具体数连用不用复数；people当作人们皆不加复数。句意：200老人去年冬天死于寒冷。‎ 第二节 考点归纳 用来表示事物的数量和顺序的词是数词，数词分为基数词和序数词两种。它是高考常考内容之一。《2005年全国考试说明》附录 语法项目表中对数词考查列了两项：1）基数词2）序数词。‎ 一、基数词 表示数量的词叫基数词。1---12的基数词是独立单词;13---19的基数词都是以-teen结尾的，要注意thirteen，fifteen，eighteen的拼法稍有不同;20一90的十位数，以后缀-ty结尾，要注意twenty，thirty，fifty，eighty的特殊点。如下表：‎ ‎1---12‎ ‎13---19‎ ‎20一90‎ 百、千、百万、十亿 ‎1→one ‎2→two ‎3→three ‎4→four ‎5.five ‎6→six ‎7→seven ‎8→eight ‎9→nine ‎10→ten ‎11→eleven ‎12→twelve ‎13→thirteen ‎14→fourteen ‎15→fifteen ‎16→sixteen ‎17→seventeen ‎18→eighteen ‎19→nineteen ‎20→twenty ‎30→thirty ‎40→forty ‎50→fifty ‎60→sixty ‎70→seventy ‎80→eighty ‎90→ninety ‎100→a hundred ‎1,000→a thousand ‎1,000,000→‎ a million ‎1,000,000,000→a billion(美)‎ a thousand million(英)‎ ‎1.基数词的读法 ‎1)三位数的读法:第一个数字+ hundred +and+后面的一位或两位数字。如:107→one hundred and seven;765→seven hundred and sixty-five。‎ ‎2)1，000以上的数的读法:先从后向前数，每三位数加一个逗号，第一个逗号前的数字用thousand(千)，第二个逗号前的数字用million(百万)，用 "几十thousand"表示 "几万"，以 "几百thousand"表示 "几十万"，用 "几十million"表示 "几千万"，用"几百million"表示 "几亿"。如:13，789，653→thirteen million seven hundred and eighty-nine thousand six hundred and fifty-three。‎ ‎2.数词的复数形式 ‎1)表示几十岁时。如“二十多岁”说twenties，表示的是20岁到29岁。依次类推，thirties表示“三十几岁”，forties表示“四十几岁”，但“十几岁”不可说tens，而要说teens，指13岁至19岁。如:‎ He died in his thirties.‎ She is in her teens.‎ ‎2)表示几十年代时，如：“二十世纪八十年代”写成1980s或‎1980’‎s，均读作nineteen eighties，指的是1980至1989年这十年间，需注意的是，年代用文字表示时则不可用-'s形式。如:‎ Great changes took place in the l970s.‎ History has entered the eighties.‎ ‎3)表示不确定数目时，这时要在million，thousand，hundred等词后加上-s并与of连用，表示大约多至“数以……计”，但millions of等前不能再加基数词，却可加some，several等表示不确定数目的修饰语。如:‎ Millions of other stars are even bigger and brighter than the sun.‎ Some hundreds of new buildings have been put up here this year.‎ ‎4)在分数中，当基数词(表示分子)大于one时，序数词(表示分母)要用复数，两者之间用不用连字符号均可。如:‎ Two thirds of the teachers in our school are women.‎ She has spent four-fifths of her money.‎ ‎5)当基数词用作可数名词或用于某些固定词组中时，也要用复数。如:‎ How many sevens are there in forty-nine?‎ They arrived by twos and threes.他们三三两两的来了。‎ Wait a minute.I’ll be finished in two twos.请等一下，我马上就来 ‎3．数词和名词单数一起作定语，中间用连字符连接。‎ a seven-year-old girl 一个七岁的女孩 ‎ a two-thousand-word article 一篇2千字的文章 ‎4．当基数词和序数词同时修饰一个名词时，序数词一般放在基数词前；但如果序数词充当描绘性修饰时，则放在基数词后。‎ He is one of the first five students. 他是前五名的学生之一。‎ He won three first prizes. 他获得三次第一名。‎ 二、序数词 表示数目顺序的词叫序数词。序数词的构成规则,如下表：‎ 范围 特点 实例 特殊情况 ‎1--19‎ 基数词词尾加th fourth, sixth, seventh 第一、第二和第三的序数词分别是first，second和third; eight在变为eighth时少了一个字母t；nine在变为ninth时去掉了一个字母“e”; 以“ve”结尾的基数词变序数词时，须将“ve”改为“f”，然后再加“th”。five→fifth，twelve→twelfth ‎20,30, -- 90 ‎ 各十位数字变y为i后加th twenty→twentieth，‎ thirty→thirtieth sixty-nine→sixty-ninth ‎21-29‎ ‎31—39‎ ‎91-99‎ 只须变个位的基数词为序数词 twenty-tw→twenty-second forty-four→forty-fourth sixty-nine→sixty-ninth ‎1.序数词前不用定冠词的情况 ‎1)表示顺序的语气很弱，具有“又一”、“再一”的意思时，其前要用不定冠词，不用定冠词。如:‎ l.He cast the net a second time.‎ ‎2.A third bullet passed.‎ ‎2)序数词前己有指示代词、物主代词、名词所有格或every时，不用定冠词。如:‎ l.He made his first set in an old box.‎ ‎2.Berlin in 1929 held a public celebration on Einstein’s fiftieth birthday.‎ ‎3)在表示分数的序数词前不用定冠词。如:‎ From then on Bashi toured three-fourths of Beijing.‎ Two-thirds of the area is covered by trees.‎ ‎4)数词与名词构成复合名词时，不用定冠词。如:‎ There is a first-class hotel over there.‎ He went to a second-hand bookshop.‎ ‎5)序数词用作副词时，不用定冠词。如：‎ Why did the captain first hesitate in letting the boy risk climbing the tree?‎ First come，first served.‎ ‎6)在一些由序数词构成的固定词组里不用定冠词。如:‎ ‎1.at first 2.first of al1 3.from first to last 三、数词的功能 ‎1．表小数、分数和百分数 ‎1.小数点读作point,零读zero或nought。小数点后的数字按个位基数词依次读出。如：‎ ‎3.4→three point four,0.2→zero(nought)point two,0.03→zero point zero three,3.458→three point four five eight ‎2.百分数由基数词后直接加percent(per cent)构成。如:‎ ‎20%→2Opercent(per cent)‎ ‎ 3.分数由基数词 (分子)和序数词 (分母)合成。分子大于l时，表分母的序数词要用复数形式。如:‎ ‎ 1/3→one/a third 2/3→two thirds 但1/2一般用a/one half;1/4用a/one quarter或one fourth。‎ ‎3.表示几分之几 (或百分之几)的人或物时，须在分数 (或百分数)和人或物间加of。若充当主语，谓语动词的数须与of后的名词的数保持一致。如:‎ One third of the students are girls.1/3的学生是女生。‎ Sixty percent of her income was spent on clothes.她收入的60%花在了服装上。‎ 但当表示人口的几分之几 (或百分之几)作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。如:‎ The population in China is very large, and eighty percent of it are farmers.‎ 中国的人口众多，其中80%是农民。‎ ‎2．表加减乘除 ‎1.加法的表达法 如表达“几加几是多少”，可用“What/How much is+基数词＋and/plus+基数词？”；如表达“几加几等于几”，可用“基数词＋and+基数词＋is＋基数词”。如：‎ What/How much is seven and eight?7加8是多少？‎ Seven and eight is fifiteen. 7加8等于15。‎ ‎2．减法的表达法 如表达“几减几是多少”，可用“What/How much is+基数词＋minus+基数词？”；如表达“几减几等于几”，可用“基数词＋minus+基数词＋is＋基数词”。‎ ‎3.乘法的表达法 如表达“几乘几是多少”，可用“What/How much is+基数词＋times+基数词？”；如表达“几乘几等于几”，可用“基数词＋times+基数词＋is＋基数词”。‎ ‎4.除法的表达法 如表达“几除以几是多少”，可用“What/How much is+基数词＋divided by+基数词？”；如表达“几除以几等于几”，可用“基数词＋divided by+基数词＋is＋基数词”。‎ ‎3．表时间 ‎1.用数字表达法来表示几点几分时，分钟数在后，并且不可使用quarter, half。如：‎ ‎8:15 eight fifteen(不能说：eight a quarter)‎ ‎10:30 ten thirty(不能说：ten half)‎ ‎2.使用介词past表示“几点过几分”，用to表示“几点差几分”时，分钟数放在介词前。‎ ‎11:25 twenty-five past eleven(=eleven twenty-five)‎ ‎6:40 twenty to seven(=six forty)‎ ‎3.past,to前的分钟应小于三十分钟（如果正好是三十分，应用half）。如：‎ ‎5:55 five to six=five fifty-five(不能说：fifty-five past five)‎ ‎5:30 half past five=five thirty(不能说：thirty past five或five half)‎ ‎4．数词用于编号 表示编号，可以用基数词，也可以用序数词，即:事物名词(不加冠词)+基数词;the+序数词十事物名词。如:‎ Lesson Twelve=the Twelfth Lesson 第十二课 Part One→the First Part第一部分 World War I=the First World War第一次世界大战 如英语编号中数字较长，一般用基数词表示。如:‎ Room 506 第五0六号房间 page 265 第二百六十五页 Telephone NO.8297976 电话号码8297976‎ ‎5．表倍数 两倍：twice 两倍以上：基数词+times This classroom is twice as big as that one.‎ The house is three times bigger than that one 四、数量名词的单复数形式 ‎1. hundred，thousand，million的用法 当前面有数词以及many，several等词修饰时，这三个词用单数形式，后面直接跟复数名词。当这几个词前面没有数词而后面有of时，则一定要用复数形式，表示数百、 数千等笼统的数目概念。如:‎ two hundred students 200名学生 several thousand enemies 几千敌人 hundreds of dollars 数百美元 millions of ants 数百万蚂蚁 ‎2. score(二十)，dozen (打; 十二个)的用法 ‎1)当dozen与基数词或many,several等连用时，不加“-s”，所修饰的名词前常省去of。但是，在a dozen of these people, two dozen of them等短语中应加of。这是因为习惯上在these, those, us等词前该用dozen of的缘故。‎ ‎ two dozen books 两打书 two (many,several)dozen pencils 两打（几打）铅笔 some dozen people是“若干打的人（几十个人，许多人）”。‎ ‎2) score意为“二十”‎。two score of people中应加of，但three score and ten people，“70人”中不加of。scores of people意为“许多人”。上述这两个词的复数形式与of连用时，表示不确切的数量，意为"许多……"，"大量的……"。如:‎ for dozens of years 好几十年以来 scores of years ago 许多年前 scores of times 许多次 第三节 巩固提高 ‎1.----Have you seen_______workers pass by?‎ ‎ ----Yes，I've seen_______them.‎ ‎　A. woman; hundreds of B. women; hundreds of ‎　C. woman; two hundred of D. women; hundreds ‎2.Having done three experiments without rest，they were ______out to go on with______one.‎ ‎　A. so tired;a fourth B. so tiring ;the fourth ‎　C. too given;the fourth D. too worn;a fourth ‎3.----What's the date today?‎ ‎　----It's __________.‎ ‎　A. Sunday B. August the ninth　C. the first of May D. October fifth ‎4.Hainan is _____ island.‎ ‎　A. China's second largest B. the China's second largest ‎　C. the second China's largest D. China's the second largest ‎5.In her ______she began to take up writing.‎ ‎　A. forties B. fourties C. fortieth D fourtieth ‎6._______Summer Olympics was held in Barcelona in Spain A. The Twenty-four B. Twenty-four C. The Twenty-forth D. Twenty-fourth ‎7.The Sao Paulo fire broke out _________February 4th，1974.‎ ‎　A. in B. on C. at D. for ‎8.----How many new jobs can you give to the people here?‎ ‎　----Three ______ and ______.‎ ‎　A. hundred; eighty-six 　　B. hundreds; eighty-six ‎　C. hundred; eighty-sixth D. hundreds; eighty-sixth ‎9.----What time did finish your homework yesterday?‎ ‎　----_______seven o'clock _____ the afternoon.‎ ‎　A. On；in B. At；on C. At；in C. On；at ‎10.“Please turn to _________ and look at the text.”‎ ‎　　A. Page 29 B. the page ‎29 C. a page 29 D. 29 page ‎11.He lives in _______.‎ ‎　 A. Room 512 B.512 Room C. the 512 Room D. the Room 512‎ ‎12.----How long is the bridge?‎ ‎　 ----700__________.‎ ‎　 A. meter long B. meters long C. meter longer D.meters longer ‎13.After a long walk we had _________ rest.‎ ‎　　A. a few minute's B. a few minutes'　　C. few minute's D. few minutes'‎ ‎14.The meeting has finally begun after ______.‎ ‎　　A. two hours later B. two hours of absence C. two hours' delay D. a delay of two hours ‎15.______of the rivers here have been polluted.‎ ‎　　A. Two-third B. Two-thirds C. Two-three D. Second-third ‎16.The Second World War broke out in _______.‎ ‎　　A. 1930's B. the 1930es C. The 1930's D.1930s ‎17.There are _____ of visitors in the exhibition every week.‎ ‎　　A. tens of thousands B. about ten of thousands ‎　　C. about three thousands D. about three thousand ‎18.----What time is it now?‎ ‎　 -----It's _______.‎ A. a quarter past half B. four eighteen C. five past forty-two D. forty-two to five ‎19.I got to the station _______ than John.‎ ‎　 A. five minutes later B. five minutes late ‎　 C. later five minutes D. late five minutes ‎20.Two _____ years ago he lived in the United Stares.‎ ‎　 A. dozen B. dozens C. dozen of D. dozens of 答案：1. B 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.A 11.A 12.B 13.B 14.D 15.B 16.C 17.A 18.B 19.A 20.A