非谓语动词高考解析版

非谓语动词高考解析版

一、单句填空 ‎1． ________(catch) the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.‎ 答案：To catch　To catch在此作目的状语。句意：为了赶上早航班，我们提前订了出租车并且起得很早。‎ ‎2．The park was full of people，________(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.‎ 答案：enjoying　enjoying为现在分词作伴随状语，与people形成逻辑上的主谓关系。句意：公园里人山人海，他们在沐浴着阳光愉快地玩耍。‎ ‎3．If ________(accept) for the job, you'll be informed soon.‎ ‎4． ________(absorb) in painting，John didn't notice evening approaching.‎ 答案：Absorbed　动词absorb有“使专心”之意，常见短语be absorbed in，所以用过去分词作原因状语。‎ ‎5． ________(work) for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.‎ 答案：Having worked　该题逻辑主语是Steve，与动词work是主谓关系，已知谓语动词为managed to finish，“成功完成”，比较动作work和已知谓语可知，先工作两天，才成功完成，因此用可表示发生在已知谓语动词之前的having worked。‎ ‎6．After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on ________(thank) all the people who had helped in her career.‎ 答案：to thank　go on后接to do或doing作宾语均可以，但是go on doing表示“继续干同一件事”，而go on to do则表示“继续干另一件事”。由语境可知，Anne Benedict在接受奖项后又继续干另一件事，即：感谢帮助过她的人，故要用动词不定式作宾语。句意：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角奖项之后，Anne Benedict继续感谢所有曾经在她的职业生涯中帮助过她的人。‎ ‎7．Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother ________(take) good care of at home.‎ 答案：taken　分析结构可知，此处是“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语可以是do，doing或者done。若宾语与补语之间为主谓关系，且强调动作的全过程，用省略to的动词不定式，即do；若宾语与补语之间为主谓关系，且强调动作正在进行，用doing；若宾语与补语之间为动宾关系，用过去分词作宾补。此处his mother与take good care of之间为动宾关系，要用taken作宾补。句意：在非洲医疗服务两年后回来，李博士看到他的母亲在家里被照顾得很好，他很高兴。‎ ‎8．Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it ________(perform) live is quite another.[来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K]‎ 答案：being performed　由live(现场直播)可知“听到音乐正在被演奏”，故填being performed。‎ ‎9．When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground，________(wonder) whether to stay or leave.‎ 答案：wondering　句意：当店员看到一张慈祥的脸上挤出一副抱歉的笑容时，她愣愣地站在了那里，不知是去还是留。此句的谓语动词是stood，所以wonder在此用ing形式作伴随状语。‎ ‎10．Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students ________(talk) over what is bothering them.[来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+K]‎ 答案：to talk　talk over讨论。分析句子结构可知act as a listening ear for fellow students to do sth.中的to do sth.是作students的宾语补足语。句意：有时我充当一个倾听者来倾听我的同学们讨论他们的烦心事。‎ ‎11．Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way ______(use) the sun and the stars.‎ 答案：using　using the sun and the stars在句中作状语，与逻辑主语birds构成主动关系，故用现在分词。句意：像古代水手那样，鸟可以利用太阳和恒星来找到路。学科网 ‎12．________(learn) more about Chinese culture，Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.‎ 答案：To learn　由语境可知，此处是动词不定式作目的状语。句意：为了更多地了解中国文化，杰克决定把中国民间音乐作为选修课。‎ ‎13．In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared，________(combine) the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”．‎ 答案：combining　由语境可知，infosphere与combine之间为主谓关系，故要用doing作状语。句意：近几年，一个英语单词infosphere出现了，它把“信息”与“气氛”的含义结合在一起。‎ ‎14．Much time________(spend) sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems.‎ 答案：spent　本句为独立主格结构。逗号后为主句，逗号前为独立主格作原因状语。time与spend是被动关系，故填spent。句意：因为花费很多时间坐在桌子旁，办公室职员一般都受健康问题的困扰。‎ ‎15．When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough________(cool) the house during the hot day.‎ 二、单句改错 ‎1．Even when it comes to shake hands, ladies come first.‎ 答案：shake改为shaking　在when it comes to...句型中，to为介词，所以要用动名词作to的宾语。‎ ‎2．The express company will get allthese goods received delivering to the customers today.‎ 答案：delivering改为delivered　句意为：快递公司今天将会把所有这些收到的货物派送给顾客们。deliver与其逻辑主语these goods之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，即these goods为deliver动作的承受者，所以应用过去分词作宾语补足语，此处为“get＋宾语＋宾补”结构。‎ ‎3．It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute she's outside.‎ 答案：understanding改为understand　It's difficult to do sth.意为“做某事是困难的”，其中to为动词不定式符号，其后要跟动词原形。故将understanding改为understand。‎ ‎4．I, together with my two friends, was eating dinner at a Chinese restaurant, locating in the center of New York.‎ 答案：locating改为located　句意为：我和我的两个朋友一起，正在位于纽约市中心的一家中餐馆里用餐。(be) located in...为固定用法，意为“坐落于……”。故将locating改为located。‎ ‎5．We all enjoyed the precious day greatly, remember the time we spent together.‎ 答案：remember改为remembering　句意为：我们所有人都很享受这宝贵的一天，记着我们一起度过的时光。句中已有谓语动词enjoyed，因此remember应用非谓语动词形式；remember与主语we之间构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式。‎ ‎6．But now we often discuss and try to solve the problems raising by the teachers or ourselves.‎ 答案：raising改为raised　句意：但现在我们经常讨论并尽力解决老师或我们自己提出来的问题。根据by可知，“问题”是“被老师或我们自己提出”，故应用过去分词作定语。‎ ‎7．The ability express one's idea somehow decides how far one can get along in one's college.‎ 答案：express前加to　句意为：一个人表达思想的能力在一定程度上决定了他在大学里的发展。抽象名词ability等词后通常用不定式作定语。‎ ‎8．The office of the Students' Union will contact the choosing candidates for an interview in a few days.‎ 答案：choosing改为chosen　句意为：几天后，学生会办公室将联系已被选出的候选人来面试。这里指的是“已被选出的候选人”，表示被动和完成，所以用过去分词作定语。‎ ‎9．Travel to a place I have never been to certainly can broaden my mind.‎ ‎10． They couldn't help say that their son had grown up.‎ 答案：say改为saying　can't help doing“禁不住做某事”，是固定短语。‎ 三、语法填空 When I was young, we lived in what is now a forest preserve. People had the habit of abandoning dogs, __1__ drove my poor mother crazy! We were not rich and already had a dog. ‎ ‎__2__(look) out of the window my mother complained to us about the irresponsible and cruel person, who had just thrown a dog. We __3__(tell) to stay away from the dog as we could not afford it. I felt __4__(extreme) upset, and I couldn't believe my mother refused to help the animal. She said, “Here we are not the only one. Let others take care __5__ the creature.” ‎ ‎__6__ poor dog lay at the end of the driveway and hardly moved. I was very sad, but dared not say anything to my mother. Later that day I couldn't find my mother in the house. I looked in every room but she was __7__(go). Then I saw my mother __8__(come) home with the dog. We kids ran outside __9__(greet) our new friend. My mother didn't say why she __10__(change) her mind. It's not what you say. It's what you do. ‎ ‎1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______[来源:Z,xx,k.Com]‎ ‎6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______‎ 答案：‎ 文章大意：作者一家遇到一只被抛弃的狗，开始作者的妈妈不想管它，因为他们家养不起。但后来她还是把那条可怜的狗领回了家，作者也不知道为什么妈妈会改变主意。‎ ‎1．which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，________drove my poor mother crazy为非限制性定语从句，且从句中缺少主语，关系词指代前面所说的内容，故用which。[来源:学§科§网]‎ ‎2．Looking　考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中作伴随状语，且与主语my mother之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。‎ ‎3．were told　考查动词时态和语态。主语we与动词tell之间存在着被动关系，且动作发生在过去，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎4．extremely　考查词性转换。修饰形容词upset应使用extreme的副词形式extremely。‎ ‎5．of　考查动词搭配。take care of为固定搭配，意为“照顾……”。‎ ‎6．The　考查冠词。此处特指上文提到的被抛弃的狗，故用定冠词。‎ ‎7．gone　考查词性转换。句意为：我找了每一间屋子，但是她不见了。设空处位于was之后，应用形容词作表语，gone意为“消失的，离去的”，符合语境。‎ 四、短文改错 When I was a child, I spent more than ten years learn the violin. Therefore, I couldn't understand “real music ”. After I graduated at high school, a friend of mine suggested that we started to learn the guitar because we all thought it was cool. I will never forget the day on that we went to buy guitars in a guitar store. There I saw a guitar player playing the guitar, which I really enjoyed. He became my the first guitar teacher. It took me such a long time choose a guitar among several wonderful model. Now the guitar is the most importantly part of my life and I practice it every day.‎ 答案：‎ When I was a child, I spent more than ten years the violin. ， I couldn't understand “real music ”. After I graduated high school, a friend of mine suggested that we to learn the guitar because we thought it was cool. I will never forget the day on we went to buy guitars in a guitar store. There I saw a guitar player playing the guitar, which I really enjoyed. He became my the first guitar teacher. It took me such a long time choose a guitar among several wonderful . Now the guitar is the most part of my life and I practice it every day.‎ 解析：‎ 第一处：learn→learning　spend some time(in) doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”，为固定搭配。‎ 第二处：Therefore→However　前一句讲“我”花费十年多的时间来学习拉小提琴，后一句讲我“不能理解真正的音乐”，前后为转折关系，故应用However。‎ 第三处：at→from　表示“从……毕业”应用graduate from。‎ 第四处：started→start　suggest作“建议”讲时，其后宾语从句的谓语应为should do，should可以省略，因此应将动词过去式改为原形。‎ 第五处：all→both　此处讲“我”和“我”的一位朋友都认为吉他很酷，表示“两者都”应用both。‎ 第六处：that→which　此处先行词为the day，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when引导，相当于“介词＋which”，此处应为on which，故将that改为which。‎ 第七处：删除the　形容词性物主代词my后面不能用定冠词the。‎ 第八处：在choose前加to　It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事需要花费某人……时间”，it为形式主语，动词不定式短语作真正的主语。‎ 第九处：model→models　several后面接名词复数形式。学科网[来源:学科网ZXXK]‎ 第十处：importantly→important　修饰名词part应该用形容词形式important。‎