2020届二轮复习短文语法填空分类解题指导之九：名词性从句

2020届二轮复习短文语法填空分类解题指导之九：名词性从句

‎2020届二轮复习短文语法填空分类解题指导之九：名词性从句 语法填空常考点 短文改错常考点 写作常用句式 ‎1.连接代词what，which, who(m)，whoever whose等的用法；‎ ‎1.连接词that与连接副词的混用；‎ ‎2.连接词that与连接代词的混用；‎ ‎3.连接词that的缺失；‎ ‎4.连接代词what, which, who等之间的混用；‎ ‎5.连接代词与连接副词的混用。‎ ‎1.It＋be＋名词/形容词/动词的过去分词＋that从句 ‎2.It looks/seems as if ...“好像……；仿佛……”‎ ‎3.This is because ...“这是因为……(强调原因)”‎ ‎4.That is why ...“那就是……的原因(强调结果)”‎ ‎5.The reason why ...is that ...“……的原因是……”‎ ‎6.The question/problem is whether/when/where ...“问题是是否/什么时候/在哪里……”‎ ‎7.His dream/suggestion/aim/purpose is that ...‎ ‎“他的梦想/建议/目标/目的是……”‎ ‎8.What从句＋be＋that从句 ‎2.连接副词when, where, why和how等的用法；‎ ‎3.连接词that, whether和if的用法。‎ 分析句子结构——搞定名词性从句 ‎(一)缺少状语，用连接副词(where, when, why, how) 等 I have no idea when he will come back home.‎ 我不知道他什么时候回到家。‎ How we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.‎ 我们如何理解事物与我们的感觉有很大关系。‎ ‎(2017·北京高考改编)Jane moved aimlessly down the treelined street, not knowing where she was heading.‎ 简在绿树成荫的街道上漫无目的地走着，不知道她去往哪里。‎ ‎(二)缺少主/宾/表语，用连接代词(which, what, whatever, whichever，who, whoever等)‎ What impresses me most is that our teacher always creates a kind of atmosphere where we can voice our opinions freely.‎ 给我印象最深的是，我们老师总是营造一种我们可以自由交流看法的课堂氛围。‎ ‎(2018·天津高考改编)The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race.‎ 金牌将被授予在自行车比赛中获得第一名的任何人。‎ ‎(三)不缺任何成分，常用that引导同位语从句或表语从句 The most important factor is that I have a good command of English and have a lot of teaching experience. ‎ 最重要的因素是我精通英语并且拥有丰富的英语教学经验。‎ ‎(2019·江苏高考)Scientists have obtained more evidence that plastic is finding its way into the human body.‎ 科学家已经获得了更多的证据，证明塑料正在进入人体。‎ ‎(四)it作形式主语或形式宾语的名词性从句要牢记 It is good news that this public health problem has a simple solution.‎ 好消息是，这个公共卫生问题有一个简单的解决方案。‎ His favorite food is fried snacks and soft drinks. It is no surprise that losing weight is just his dream. ‎ 他最喜欢的食物是油炸类小吃和软饮料。减肥只是他的梦想一点都不令人吃惊。‎ 　‎ Ⅰ.语法填空题点全练 ‎1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)While they are rare north of 88°， there is evidence_that they range all the way across the Arctic，and as far south as James Bay in Canada.‎ ‎2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I'm not sure who is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.‎ ‎3．(2018·北京高考改编)This is what my father has taught me — to always face difficulties and hope for the best.‎ ‎4．(2019·安徽皖江名校联考)During his journeys in China, Connolly found China very different from what he saw in photographs, which showed Chinese people very rigorous in the way they dressed and behaved.‎ ‎5．(2019·陕西第二次联考)The hope is that the event will encourage more environmentally friendly alternatives to the car, such as walking, cycling and public transport.‎ ‎6．(2019·重庆一中月考)And this ambition may be due to the fact that China's young people are now more confident about their own culture.‎ Ⅱ.短文改错题点全练 ‎1．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.that→where ‎2．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.how→what ‎3．I think that accepting failure is that we need to do first before we succeed eventually.第二个that→what ‎4．(2018·广西桂林百色模拟)Looking back on which I've done will give me some ideas of how to rearrange my time.which→what ‎5．(2019·湖南长郡中学模拟)But they couldn't understand what she ‎ said.I went to the woman and asked her that was happening.that→what ‎6．(2019·唐山模拟)It's a great pity what we won't be able to finish the task on time.what→that ‎[课堂应用体验]‎ Ⅰ.完成句子并改写 ‎1．大家的确都知道的是穷人都喜欢她，因为她总是帮助那些需要钱的人。‎ All that they did know was that she was loved by poor people because she always helped those who was in need of money.‎ ‎→What_they_did_know was that she was loved by poor people because she always helped whoever_was_in_need_of_money．(用名词性从句改写)‎ ‎2．她今天早晨来晚了，因为她不得不照顾她生病的女儿。‎ She came here late this morning, because_she_had_to_look_after her sick daughter.‎ ‎→The_reason_why she came here late this morning was_that_she_had_to_look_after her sick daughter. (用名词性从句改写)‎ ‎3．我姐姐的梦想是拥有自己的商店，在里面她可以做自己最喜欢的蛋糕。‎ My sister's dream is to have_her_own_shop_in_which_she_can_make_her_favourite__cakes．‎ ‎→My sister's dream is_that_she_has_her_own_shop_in_which_she_‎ ‎ can_make_her__ favourite__cakes．(用名词性从句改写)‎ ‎4．看到这个女孩，我很吃惊。‎ I was surprised to see the girl.‎ ‎→What_surprised_me was to see the girl. (改为主语从句)‎ ‎→I saw the girl, which_surprised_me. (改为定语从句)‎ ‎5．众所周知，2020年奥运会将在东京举行。‎ As_is_known_to_us_all/As_we_all_know,_the 2020 Olympic Games will take place in Tokyo.(用定语从句翻译)‎ ‎→What_is_known_to_us_all_is_that the 2020 Olympic Games will take place in Tokyo.(用主语从句改写)‎ ‎→It_is_known_to_us_all_that the 2020 Olympic Games will take place in Tokyo.(用it作形式主语改写)‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 ‎(2019·重庆第一次调研)Hongyadong, located in Cangbai Road, Yuzhong District, __1__ (become) really popular online recently for its combination of sightseeing, relaxation and entertainment. However, there are other places which are of __2__ (much) Chongqing style than Hongyadong. Jiaotong Teahouse is just one of them.‎ Jiaotong Teahouse, originally the canteen of a transport company, was rebuilt __3__ the teahouse in later time, so it was __4__ (natural) called Jiaotong Teahouse. Now with the long history of 30 __5__ (year), it has become the most famous timehonored brand teahouse in ‎ Chongqing.‎ The entrance of the teahouse is ordinary and it is not easy for tourists __6__ (find). Through __7__ short corridor (走廊), __8__ you will see are old beams, the grey stone stairs and wood tables. By __9__ (chat) with neighbors or friends, a comfortable atmosphere is often created, making it a real __10__ (reflect) of the folk custom here in Chongqing.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，简要介绍了一间具有重庆风格的茶馆。‎ ‎1．has become　考查动词的时态。根据语境和该句中的时间状语“recently”可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填has become。‎ ‎2．more　考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的“than”可知，此处表示比较，应用形容词的比较级，故填more。‎ ‎3．as　考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示“作为”，故填介词as。‎ ‎4．naturally　考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故用副词naturally修饰其后的动词“called”，在句子中作状语。‎ ‎5．years　考查名词的单复数。year是可数名词，并结合空前的“30”可知，此处应用其复数形式，故填years。‎ ‎6．to find　考查非谓语动词。“It is ＋adj.＋for/of sb. to do sth.”是固定句型，故此处应用不定式短语作真正的主语，故填to find。‎ ‎7．a/the　考查冠词。根据语境可知，“corridor”是可数名词，此处可表示泛指“一个短走廊”‎ ‎，且short的发音以辅音音素开头，故可用冠词a修饰；由句中的“corridor”是单数形式可知，此处也可特指“那个短走廊”，故也可填the。‎ ‎8．what　考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，在从句中作动词see的宾语，表示物的概念，故填what。‎ ‎9．chatting　考查动名词。空前的“By”是介词，介词后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故填chatting。‎ ‎10．reflection　考查词性转换。根据空前的“a real”和空后的介词“of”可知，空处应用reflect的名词形式，故填reflection。‎ Ⅲ.短文改错 ‎(2019·邯郸一模)I am very luckily to have the opportunity to see so many place, but sometimes I experience culture shock when I see or do something new. Dad and I now are traveled through Denmark, Norway and Sweden. I used to thinking that these countries are the same, but not any more. People in Denmark are a bit of friendlier, while Norwegians and Swedes prefer not to talk to strangers. I'm surprised to learn that many people there speak English in addition their national languages. In Sweden, it seems that anyone has golden hair and blue eyes. I feel a little strange with my black hair and dark eyes. I imagine this is that foreigners feel when they visit China!‎ 答案：第一句：luckily→lucky；place→places 第二句：traveled→traveling 第三句：thinking→think；are→were 第四句：去掉of 第五句：there→here；addition后加to 第六句：anyone→everyone 第八句：that→how