新课标备战中考复习错题专项突破s字母篇

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新课标备战中考复习错题专项突破s字母篇

‎2011中考英语考前错题本 (s字母篇)‎ safe   【误】 The brave man safed the boy from drowning.   【正】 The brave man saved the boy from drowning.   【析】 safe是形容词,如: They wished him a safe journey. safely是副词,如: The young man drives his car safely. 而safety是名词,如: safety island(安全岛),Safety first!(安全第一!)但save是动词。   same    【误】 Yesterday I got a postcard. It is the same that you got the day before yesterday.   【正】 Yesterday I got a postcard. It is the same as you got the day before yesterday.   【析】 the same that意为"即是",而the same as才能译为"像……一样的。"   【误】 Your book is not same as mine.   【正】 Your book is not the same as mine.   【析】 the same as中的定冠词不能少。   say    【误】 His report wrote she is nineteen.   【正】 His report says she is nineteen.   【析】 中文中常讲"报告上写到"、"信上写到",这样的"写"在英文中要用say.   say speak talk tell      英文中"说"一般有四个词,其中say和tell为及物动词。tell可以加双宾语,如Please tell me a story. 而speak与talk为不及物动词。speak只有后面直接加"语言"时才是及物的,如: Please speak English. 请看下句: He went on talking for a long time, but he spoke so fast that few of us could catch what he said.   sea    【误】 As a boy his great ambition(抱负) was to go to the sea.   【正】 As a boy his great ambition was to go to sea.   【析】 go to sea为"去当水手、海员";而go to the sea=go to the seaside, 如: He want to go to the sea for his vacation.   在"海中"游泳为in the sea; at sea为在"海上航行",如: I have a brother at sea. by sea为"坐船"、"由海路运输",如: We travelled to New York by sea.   second    【误】 I want to learn the second foreign language.   【正】 I want to learn a second foreign language.   【析】 当作为"第二"外语,"再增加一个"时,不要用the second而要用a second. the second强调排队的次序,a second强调再增加一个。   see    【误】 He was seen leave the room.   【正】 He was seen to leave the room.   【析】 see作主动态时用作to see somebody do something, 而用作被动态时则是somebody to be seen to do something. 要注意惯用法let me see(让我想想)。   sheep    【误】 There are five sheeps on the ‎ grass.   【正】 There are five sheep on the grass.   【析】 sheep是单、复数同形名词,其他的还有: deer(鹿),fish(鱼)等。   ship    【误】 I travelled on a yacht.   【正】 I travelled on a ship (in a yacht).   【析】 虽然都是船,但游艇(yacht)要用in, 而ship要用on.   sick    【误】 The little boy was a ill boy.   【正】 The little boy was a sick boy.   【析】 sick与ill作表语时都表示"有病"之意,如: He feels ill. 或He feels sick. 都对,但作定语时则只能用sick.   since    【误】 He is living in Greece since 1978.   【正】 He has lived in Greece since 1978.   【正】 He has been living in Greece since 1978.   【析】   由since引出的状语从句意为"自从"某时一直如何,主句要用完成时或完成进行时。    【误】 She has been quite different since came back from America.   【正】 She has been quite different since coming back from America.   【析】 分词短语可以用在after, before, since等介词后面。   sleep    【误】 The boy was very asleep.   【正】 The boy was fast asleep.   【析】 熟睡在英文中为fast asleep. 非正式英语中一般不常用He's sleeping. 而常讲He's asleep. 其形容词sleepy是"困倦的",如: I shall go to bed now. I'm so sleepy. "卧铺"英国人讲sleeping car,而美国人讲sleeper.   slow    【误】 Slow the door opened.   【正】 Slowly the door opened.   【析】 slow与slowly的用法与意思相同,在口语中和路标中多用slow,如: Tell him to drive slower. Slow, dangerous bend. 但是如果用在动词前还是要用slowly.   smile    【误】 She smiled to me.   【正】 She smiled at me.   【析】 "冲着某人笑"应为to smile at somebody.   so    【误】 It is such beautiful a book that every child likes it.   【正】 It is such a beautiful book that every child likes it.   【正】 It is so beautiful a book that every child likes it.   【析】 关于so与such用法的区别有四种情况: ① 用于单数可数名词之前,其格式为"such+不定冠词+形容词+名词",而"so+形容词+不定冠词"。② 用于可数名词复数或不可数名词前,只能用 such,如: It is such good weather that we want to go for a walk. They are such good students that they can pass the exam easily. ③ 在只有形容词时只能用so,如: It is so good that I like it very much.④ 在many, much, few,‎ ‎ little这四个词前只能用so而不能用such。如: I have so little money that I can't buy the dictionary.   【误】 He got up early so as he could catch the first bus.   【正】 He got up early so as to catch the first bus.   【正】 He got up early so that he could catch the first bus.   【正】 He got up so early that he could catch the first bus.   some      【误】 Do you have some lessone to prepare?   【正】 Do you have any lessons to prepare?   【析】 在疑问句或否定句中要用any; some多用在肯定句中,如: I have some money to buy it.   在请求,或真心希望得到肯定答复时,在疑问句中也要用some,如: Would you like something to drink?即真心实意希望为对方提供饮料。又如: Could you lend me some money?即真心想要借到钱。   sometime    【误】 I have sometime thought that I should like to live in the country.   【正】 I have sometimes thought that I should like to live in the country.   sometime sometimes some times sometime    sometime为"某个时候"、"总有一天",如: We'll meet again sometime next year. 或过去的"某一时刻",如: I saw her sometime in July. sometimes为"有时候"、"时常"、"常常",如: Every man is a fool sometimes, and none at all times. Some times为"若干次",如: I visited America some times. May be five or seven times. I am not sure. Some time则是"一段时间"、"一些时候",如: I want to leave some time.   soon    【误】 The room as soon as became crowded.   【正】 The room soon became crowded.   【析】 soon为"不久"、"很快",如: I'll be there very soon. 而as soon as意为"一……就……",如: As soon as I finished my homework I went out to play football.   sound    【误】 The report sounds well.   【正】 The report sounds good.   【析】 sound作动词时其后接形容词而不接副词,如: How sweet the music sounds!   sport    【误】 Are you going to run in the school sprot?   【正】 Are you going to run in the school sprots?   【析】 sport用作可数名词单数时指具体的某项运动,如: Basketball is an indoor sport. 而在泛指"运动"或"运动会"时要用其复数形式sports.   spring    【误】 I'll visit America in this spring.   【正】 I'll visit America in spring.   【正】 I'll visit America this spring.   【析】 英语一年四季前如果有that, this, last,‎ ‎ next等词,则其前面不要再加介词。这样的用法还有周、月、年等。请看下面句子中的用法有何不同: He told me that she did it on the next day. 这时是指过去某一天的第二天,所以才有这种用法。如果以现在为时间基点的第二天应为I'll do it next day.   start    【误】 What time will you start to San Francisco?   【正】 What time will you start for San Francisco?   【析】 start与leave一样,其后接"for+目的地"。   begin start    begin与start在很多场合下是一样的意思,如: We started/began to study English two years ago. 但在如下场合则不能用begin: ① 作为"启程"讲,如: I think we ought to start at six. ② 表示"开始工作",如: The car won't start. (车子发动不起来。) ③ 作为"开动"、"启动"讲,如: Do you know how to start this machine.   still    【误】 Oh, it is still raining now.   【正】 Oh, it is still raining.   【析】 因still即包含有现在仍然如何,所以now是多余词。   still yet already    still一般与动词连用,可放于句子中间用以说明过去开始的动作现在仍然在继续,特别用来表示我们希望它早点停止。如: I've been thinking for hours, but I still can't decide. yet一般放于句末,用在疑问句与否定句中。如: Has the postman come yet? already则与动词连用,可放于句中表示某事的发生比预期的要早,如: I've already finished my homework.   stop    【误】 When the teacher came into the classroom the students stopped to talk.   【正】 When the teacher came into the classroom the students stopped talking.   【析】 stop to do something是"停下来去做某事",而stop doing something是"停止做某事"。   street    【误】 There is a narrow winding street from our village to the next one.   【正】 There is a narrow winding road from our village to the next one.   【析】 street一般指城市中两旁有建筑物的"街道",而road多指乡间的"路"。   strict    【误】 You ought to be strict to him.   【正】 You ought to be strict with him.   【析】 be strict with是"对……严格的"。   such    【误】 Do you want to have such a dictionary?   【正】 Do you want to have such a good dictionary?   【正】 Do you want to have a dictionary like that?   【析】 such作加强语气时一般是"such+(冠词)形容词+名词",如: It's such a good book. 但如果名词前没有形容词则要看其名词是否具有"能显示程度的含意",如: I've got such a headache. You are such fools!否则在such与名词之间一定要有形容词。   sure ‎    【误】 I am quite sure for that answer.   【正】 I am quite sure of that answer.   【析】 sure用于句中表示"对……事有确实把握"时应跟of或about,而不跟for,如: I'm sure about (of) his ability to control this machine.   sweet    【误】 Honey tastes sweetly.   【正】 Honey tastes sweet.   【析】 sweet可以作为名词,意为"糖果",是可数名词,如: May I have a sweet?作形容词,如: The child looked very sweet. 而sweetly为副词,意为"甜美地"、"悦耳地"。要注意taste为感观动词,其后面要接形容词而不是副词。
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