2020届外研版高考英语一轮复习必修2学案：Module1OurBodyandHealthyHabits

2020届外研版高考英语一轮复习必修2学案：Module1OurBodyandHealthyHabits

‎(一)课前自主学习 Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意 ‎1．flu n．(＝influenza)　　　　　 流行性感冒 ‎2．symptom n. 症状 ‎3．Xray n. X光 ‎4．toothache n. 牙痛 ‎5．lung n. 肺 ‎6．throat n. 喉咙；咽喉；嗓子 ‎7．pneumonia n. 肺炎 ‎8．prescription n. 处方 ‎9．questionnaire n. 问卷；问卷调查；调查表 ‎10．insurance n．[纵联1] 保险 ‎11．fat n. 脂肪 ‎12．awful adj. 可怕的；吓人的 Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形 ‎1．normal adj. 正常的；一般的 ‎2．lifestyle n. 生活方式 ‎3．overweight adj.[纵联2] (人)太胖的；超重的 ‎4．captain n. 队长 ‎5．fit adj. 健康的；强健的 ‎6．proverb n. 谚语 ‎7．diet n. 饮食；日常食物 vi. 照医生的规定饮食 ‎8．head vi.[纵联3] 朝……方向前进 ‎9．eye vt. 注视；观看 Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变 ‎1．rare adj.稀少的；罕有的→rarely adv.稀少地；极少地 ‎2．unhealthy adj.不健康的；有碍健康的→(反义词)healthy adj.健康的→health n．健康 ‎3．wealthy adj.富裕的；有钱的→wealth n．财富[纵联4]‎ ‎4．anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的；渴望的→anxiously adv.焦虑地→anxiety n．焦虑；担心；渴望 ‎5．injure vt.伤害→injury n．伤害；损伤；受伤处→injured adj.受伤的 ‎6．pain n．疼痛；痛苦→pains n．辛苦；努力→painful adj.疼痛的→painfully adv.使人疼痛地 ‎7．breathe vi.呼吸→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的；屏息的 纵联1.“保险”肯定很重要 ‎①insurance n．保险　　　　 ②sure adj.肯定的 ‎③insure v．投保 ④ensure v．确保 纵联2.高频合成形容词个个清 ‎①overweight (人)太胖的；超重的 ‎②absentminded 心不在焉的 ‎③oldfashioned老式的 ④wellbehaved表现良好的 ‎⑤secondhand二手的 ⑥brandnew崭新的 纵联3.“身体部位”也会动 ‎①head朝……方向前进 ②eye注视；观看 ‎③hand传递；递给 ④arm武装 ‎⑤shoulder肩负 ⑥back后退 纵联4.“n.＋y→adj.”一览 ‎①wealthy富裕的 ②healthy健康的 ‎③thirsty口渴的 ④cloudy多云的 ‎⑤greedy贪婪的 ⑥guilty内疚的 单元话题——饮食与健康 子话题1　饮食 ‎　①appetite n．食欲；胃口 ②nutrition n．营养 ‎③vitamin n．维生素 ④protein n．蛋白质 ‎⑤mineral n．矿物质 ⑥recipe n．烹饪法；食谱 ‎⑦snack n．小吃 ⑧dessert n．甜点 子话题2　健康 ‎　①energy n．精力；活力 ②benefit n．& v．利益；受益 ‎③obesity n．肥胖症 ④disease n．疾病 ‎⑤examine v．检查；诊察 ⑥operation n．手术 ‎⑦recover v．痊愈；恢复 ⑧swallow vi.吞下；咽下 ‎⑨chew v．咀嚼(食物) ⑩digest v．消化；吸收 ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用 ‎1．(2014·重庆高考阅读B)Exercise is not meant to hurt.Indeed, pain❶ is your body telling you something's wrong, and continuing to exercise could lead to serious 　❷　 (injure)．You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly, but this is your body adapting to the positive changes in your lifestyle❸ and the aches should disappear relatively quickly.If they don't, rest and seek medical advice.‎ ‎①选择pain在句中的含义：__A__‎ A．疼痛　 B．努力　 C．苦恼　 D．令人头痛的人(或事)‎ ‎②用injure的正确形式填空：injury ‎③写出lifestyle在句中的含义：生活方式 ‎2．(2009·湖南高考阅读C) The research has proved the fact that voluntary dieting❶ is a habit far from exclusive to humans.“As yet, we lack a complete understanding of how widespread the voluntary reduction of food intake is in nature，” the researchers comment.“Data on human dieting suggests that, while humans generally diet to improve health or increase attractiveness, 　❷　 (rare) does it improve longterm health and males regularly prefer females that are 　❸　 ‎ ‎(fat) than the females' own ideal.”‎ ‎①写出dieting在句中的含义：节食，该词作名词时常用短语有be on a diet和go on a diet ‎②用rare的正确形式填空：rarely，该词的副词形式置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装 ‎③用fat的正确形式填空：fatter 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用 ‎(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2018·浙江高考写作)我渴望加入英语协会，我认为自己非常适合这项工作。(anxious)‎ I'm_anxious_to_join_the_English_Association,_thinking_that_I'm_well_qualified_for_the_job.‎ ‎2．(2015·广东高考写作)当说到效果时，它有助于你增强保持健康的意识但也可能导致你过度焦虑。(fit)‎ When_it_comes_to_the_effect,_it_will_help_you_to_enhance_the_sense_of_keeping_fit ‎_but_it_may_cause_you_to_be_overly_anxious.‎ ‎3．(2014·安徽高考书面表达)我希望你尽快平静些，照常继续生活下去。(normal)‎ I_hope_you'll_soon_feel_calmer_and_carry_on_as_normal.‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎1．fit adj.健康的；强健的；适合的；能胜任的 v．适合；使(衣服)合身；使适应；使胜任 n．适合；合身 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)be fit for　　　　　　　 适合；胜任 be fit (for sb.) to do sth. 适合(某人)做某事/胜任某事 keep/stay fit 保持健康 ‎(2)fit sb./sth.(for sth.) 使适合，使胜任(某工作)‎ fit on 试穿 fit in 相适应；相融合 fit in with ... 与……相处融洽，合得来；‎ ‎ (与某事物)相适应 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Sharing with friends helped me bring back my confidence and fit in with others.‎ ‎②That bottle of milk is not fit to_drink (drink) because it is out of date.‎ ‎③I am going to the tailor's to fit on my new coat.‎ 单句改错 ‎④After seeing your ad, I think your sixweek English course is very fit to me.to→for ‎[辨清]　fit, suit, match fit ‎“适合”，指大小、尺寸、形状等合适，引申为“吻合，协调”‎ suit ‎“适合”，多指衣服颜色、样式适合某人，还可指合乎需要、口味、地位、条件等。另外，用于比喻意义时多用suit match ‎“和……匹配，适合”，多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配 选用以上单词填空 ‎⑤I want to take this jacket because it fits me well and matches my trousers, though the style doesn't suit me.‎ ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎⑥(2018·北京高考)她和她的家人骑自行车上班，这有助于他们保持健康。‎ She_and_her_family_bicycle_to_work,_which_helps_them_keep_fit.‎ ‎2．anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的；渴望的 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)be/become anxious for/about sth. 为某事担心/担忧 be anxious (for sb.) to do sth. 渴望/急于(让某人)做某事 ‎(2)anxiety n. 焦虑；担心；渴望 with anxiety＝anxiously 焦虑地；不安地 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①She was anxious to_finish (finish) school and get a job.‎ ‎②—Jack still can't help being anxious about/for his job interview.‎ ‎—Lack of selfconfidence is his child's play, I am afraid.‎ 单句改错 ‎③I heard you suffered from anxious when you took an exam recently.anxious→anxiety ‎④Instead of blaming me, he asked me anxious what was going on.anxious→anxiously ‎[写美]　句型转换 ‎⑤Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didn't fit.‎ ‎→She took the dress out of the package and tried it on with_anxiety,_only to find it didn't fit.‎ ‎[联想]　be anxious for/to do ...表示“渴望做某事”，表达此含义的短语还有long for, be greedy for, be hungry for, be dying for/to do ..., be thirsty for, be keen on/to do ...等。‎ ‎3．injure vt.伤害；损害 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)be/get injured　　　　　　　　 受伤 ‎(2)injured adj. 受伤的；受委屈的 the injured 伤者；伤员 ‎(3)injury n. 伤害；损伤；受伤处 do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb. 伤害某人 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①(2016·天津高考) I was wearing a seatbelt.If I hadn't been wearing one, I would have_been_injured (injure)．‎ ‎②Dog's owners should be responsible if their pets do an injury (injure) to other people or cause damage to their property.‎ ‎③A terrible accident happened at the crossing and an ambulance rushed the injured (injure) to the hospital.‎ ‎[辨清]　injure, hurt, wound injure 主要指在偶然事故中受伤。名词是injury，指平时的大小创伤，还可指事故中的伤害 hurt 可指肉体上的伤害也可指精神上的伤害，还可表示在事故中受伤。hurt本身还可作名词 wound 指刀伤、枪伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，尤指战场上或打斗中的受伤。wound也可作名词，指战斗中因刀或枪而受的创伤、伤口 选用以上单词填空 ‎④After being wounded in the fighting, he was injured in an accident.‎ ‎⑤He tried hard not to do anything that might hurt her pride.‎ ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎⑥幸运的是，她伤得不重，我们把她送到最近的医院。‎ Luckily_she_was_not_badly_injured_and_we_sent_her_to_the_nearest_hospital.‎ ‎4．pain n．疼痛；痛苦；辛苦；努力 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)have pains/a pain in　　 ……部位疼痛 be in pain 在痛苦中；在苦恼中 spare no pains to do sth. 不遗余力/全力以赴做某事 take pains to do sth. 尽力/费苦心/下苦功做某事 No pains, no gains. [谚]不劳无获。‎ ‎(2)painful adj. 疼痛的；痛苦的 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain.‎ ‎②We must spare no pains to_pass (pass) the National College Entrance Examination.‎ ‎③Do you know how painful (pain) it is to me when I was told the bad news?‎ ‎[写美]　句型转换 ‎④(2015·福建高考书面表达)We should do our best to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.‎ ‎→We should take_pains_to_improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.‎ ‎[词汇过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．We should eat a balanced diet (饮食) and do exercise regularly to stay healthy.‎ ‎2．He always keeps the appointment with her in mind so that he heads (朝……方向前进)‎ ‎ straight for the coffee shop after work.‎ ‎3．“Time is money” is a proverb (谚语) which was often told to us when we were young.‎ ‎4．To my relief, my father's condition is normal (正常的) after physical examination.‎ ‎5．In order to keep fit (健康的), Jack always avoids eating junk food.‎ ‎6．The little boy was eyeing/eying (注视) the toys in the shop when I found him.‎ ‎7．I have taken out personal insurance (保险) for my families and myself.‎ ‎8．To be honest, the lifestyle (生活方式) of the old is different from that of the young.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．It is inconvenient for the old man to go out so we rarely (rare) see him in the park.‎ ‎2．Most parents are waiting outside anxiously (anxious) while their children are taking the exams.‎ ‎3．Many years ago, a wealthy (wealth) old man named Johnson lived alone in a village in the south of England.‎ ‎4．Louis always seems to be on a diet, which does harm to his health.‎ ‎5．There is too much smoke here and I don't leave my children playing in such an unhealthy (healthy) environment.‎ ‎6．When they heard their son was badly injured (injure) in the accident, the old couple became deeply depressed.‎ ‎7．It can be painful (pain) for me to leave the city where I have stayed for over ten years.‎ ‎8．I am awfully (awful) sorry that I was so busy yesterday that I couldn't spare the time to help you.‎ ‎9．I don't think Tom is the fittest (fit) person for the job among his colleagues.‎ ‎10．His parents thought it was abnormal (normal) for a boy to be interested in ballet.‎ Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．老首相可是个聪明诚实的人，比谁都称职。(fit)‎ The old prime minister was a wise, honest man who was_more_fit_for_his_office/job than anyone else.‎ ‎2．我们应该全力以赴构建全面和谐的社会。(pain)‎ We should spare_no_pains_to_construct whole harmonious society.‎ ‎3．他担心在国外旅行的家人。(anxious)‎ He was_anxious_about his family, who were travelling abroad.‎ ‎4．医生建议他节食减肥。(diet)‎ The doctor advised him to go_on_a_diet to lose weight.‎ ‎5．据报道，目前伤者已被转移至当地医院进行治疗。(injure)‎ It is reported that the_injured have been transferred to local hospital for treatment.‎ ‎(一)课前自主学习 ‎1．at_least　　　　　　　　　 至少 ‎2．be_connected_with [串记1] 与……有联系 ‎3．be_crazy_about 迷恋 ‎4．lie_down 躺下 ‎5．begin_with 以……开始 ‎6．put_...into_... 将……投入……‎ ‎7．pay_for 支付；为……付出代价 ‎8．off_work 休班 ‎9．pick_up [串记2] 用车接；捡起；接收(信号)；‎ ‎ (偶然)学会 ‎10．become_ill 生病 ‎[同根短语串记]‎ 串记1.“与……有联系/关系”的忘不了 ‎①be connected with 与……有联系/关系 ‎②be related to 与……有关 ‎③have something to do with 与……有关 ‎④be relevant to 与……有关 ‎⑤be involved in 涉及……‎ ‎⑥be associated with 和……有关 串记2.“v.＋up”短语集合 ‎①pick up拾起 ②eat up吃光 ‎③bring up抚养，教育 ④burn up烧尽 ‎⑤hold up举起；阻挡 ⑥stay up熬夜 ‎⑦use up用完 ⑧add up合计 ‎1．take exercise 锻炼 ‎2．have a temperature 发烧 ‎3．get/catch a cold 感冒 ‎4．have a sweet tooth 喜欢吃甜食 ‎5．lose weight 减肥 ‎6．make a prediction 预测 ‎1．When Zhou Kai's mother saw_him_heading towards the front door without a jacket on, she eyed him anxiously.‎ 周凯的妈妈看到他没有穿夹克衫就往前门走去时，她担心地盯着周凯。‎ ‎2．“OK, OK.” Zhou Kai went and did as_he_was_told.‎ ‎“好吧，好吧。”周凯按照他被告诉的(带了件夹克)，走了出去。‎ ‎3．I'd_rather_eat a nice piece of fruit.‎ 我宁愿吃一块美味的水果。‎ ‎4．But that's_because I was stupid enough to play football in the rain.但那是因为我太傻了，竟然在雨中踢足球。‎ ‎5．Go_to_bed_now_or you'll be really tired tomorrow.‎ 现在上床睡觉吧，否则明天你会很累的。‎ ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　完形中的短语(补全句子)‎ ‎1．(2015·江苏高考完形填空) He unfortunately passed away last year due to his cancer, but he left a deep impression on me and gave me the inspiration to pick_up (拿起) my pen again.‎ ‎2．(2014·湖南高考完形填空) As for technique, Mom taught me to begin_with (以……开始) the flat spaces outward, always pushing the iron forward into wrinkled (有褶皱的) parts.‎ 高考采撷(二)　写作中的短语和句式(补全句子/句式升级)‎ ‎1．(2016·10月浙江高考写作)情况可能没那么糟。至少我还清醒，天气晴朗，直升机足可以降落。‎ The situation may be not that bad.At_least I'm still conscious and the weather is fine enough for the helicopter to land.‎ ‎2．(2015·安徽高考书面表达) I would really like to interview him because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world.(用本单元句式升级加黑词)‎ ‎→I would really like to interview him.That's_because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world.‎ ‎3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)不要太健谈，否则你会给别人留下不好的印象。(祈使句＋or＋陈述句)‎ Don't_be_too_talkative,_or you may leave a poor impression on others.‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎[短语集释]‎ ‎1．be connected with与……有联系/关系 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)be connected to　　　　　 与……相连接 connect A to/with B 把A和B联系/连接起来 ‎(2)connection n. 联系；关联；关系 have (no) connection with 与……有(无)关系 in connection with ... 与……有关 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①The little boy likes to ask some questions connected (connect) with space travel.‎ ‎②A good student must connect what he reads with what he sees around him.‎ ‎[用准]　表示两者之间有形的连接时， to和with都可以与connect连用；指“与……有联系；与……有关”时，后接with而不接to。‎ ‎[写美]　一句多译 警方宣布他与这起抢劫案无关。‎ ‎③The police announced he had_no_connection_with the robbery.(connection)‎ ‎④The police announced he was_not_connected_with the robbery.(connect)‎ ‎⑤The police announced he was_not_related_to the robbery.(relate)‎ ‎⑥The police announced he had_nothing_to_do_with the robbery.(have ...to do with)‎ ‎2．be crazy about迷恋 ‎[记牢]‎ be crazy for　　　　　　　　 渴望……‎ be crazy to do sth. 做某事真是疯狂 go crazy 发疯 like crazy 疯狂地；拼命地 drive sb.crazy 逼得某人发疯 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①You must be crazy to_try (try) to drive home in such weather.‎ ‎②We have to work like crazy to get this finished on time.‎ 补全句子 ‎③Turn the music down; it's_driving_me_crazy.‎ 把音乐的音量调低些，它快把我逼疯了。‎ ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎④(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)至于我，我迷恋篮球，因为它一直给我面对生活挑战的力量。‎ As_for_me,_I'm_crazy_about_basketball_since_it_has_been_giving_me_strength_to_confront_the_challenges_in_my_life.‎ ‎[句式集释]‎ ‎1．see＋宾语＋宾语补足语 ‎[教材原句]　When Zhou Kai's mother saw_him_heading towards the front door without a jacket on, she eyed him anxiously.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)It was at that point that I saw him leave (leave) the building.‎ ‎(2)From the window I saw him repairing (repair) his car in the court.‎ ‎(3)If you watch long enough, you will see many problems settled (settle) in this way.‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)see sb.do sth.“看见某人做了某事”，强调动作的全过程。‎ ‎(2)see sb.doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。‎ ‎(3)see sth.done“看见某事被做”，强调动作的被动和完成。‎ 注意事项 ‎(1)在变为被动语态时， see sb.do sth.应改为sb.be seen to do sth.。‎ ‎(2)能接不带to的动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语的感官动词还有：feel, hear, observe, notice, watch等。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)He was seen to help an old man on his way to school.(要点句)‎ ‎(2)(2017·浙江高考写作) They didn't think much of it when they saw two cyclists repairing their bike on the side of the road.(要点句)‎ ‎2．祈使句＋or＋陈述句 ‎[教材原句]　Go_to_bed_now_or you'll be really tired tomorrow.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)Call me tomorrow and I'll let you know the lab result.‎ ‎(2)Work harder or/otherwise/or_else you won't pass the exam.‎ ‎＝If you don't work harder, you won't pass the exam.‎ ‎(3)It is really very dangerous.One_more_step,_and the baby will fall into the well.‎ 真危险。再多迈一步，这个婴儿就掉进井里了。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”‎ ‎，表示祈使句与后面的句子是顺承关系。‎ ‎(2)“祈使句＋or/or else/otherwise＋陈述句”相当于“if＋not＋条件状语从句＋主句”。 ‎ ‎(3)“名词短语＋and＋陈述句”也有上述句式功能，名词词组中常含有more, another, further, earlier等词。‎ 注意事项 两个考查重点：(1)考查祈使句中应用动词原形；‎ ‎(2)根据句意判断用and还是or。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)(2018·浙江高考写作)Give me a chance, and I will reward you with more.(要点句)‎ ‎(2)Respect yourself or no one will respect you.(要点句)‎ ‎[词块、句式过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 put ...into， take exercise， become ill， be crazy about， at least， pick up， off work， lie down， be connected with， begin with ‎1．Jack broke his arm and had to be off_work for a month.‎ ‎2．The gold watch is so delicate that I think it is worth $5,000 at_least.‎ ‎3．The little boy is_crazy_about football, which may have a bad influence on his study.‎ ‎4．Please wait in my office for a moment; I am picking_up my parents at the airport.‎ ‎5．Mary gets up early to take_exercise every morning and she seldom has a cold.‎ ‎6．Now that it has been proved that you are_connected_with the crime, you can't go home now.‎ ‎7．You have been working continuously for five hours and you had better lie_down to have a rest.‎ ‎8．A journey of a thousand miles begins_with a single step.‎ ‎9．The manager appeals to us to put all our minds into our work.‎ ‎10．Her husband became_ill and Mary was occupied in looking after him day and night.‎ Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)了解唐朝的历史概况，那么你就会更好地理解唐诗。 (祈使句＋and＋陈述句)‎ Learn_about_the_general_history_of_Tang_Dynasty,_and you'll understand the Tang Poems better.‎ ‎2．她非常伤心，那是因为她的儿子在一次事故中丧生了。(That's because ...)‎ She was very upset.That's_because_her_son_was_killed in an accident.‎ ‎3．经过教室的时候，我看到他在做作业。(see＋宾语＋宾语补足语)‎ When passing by the classroom, I saw_him_doing_his_homework.‎ ‎4．今晚我宁愿待在家里读点书。(would rather)‎ I would_rather_stay_at_home and do some reading this evening.‎ Ⅲ.分步写作 假定你是李华，针对当前中小学生的超重趋势，你们班正对超重学生是否应该减肥展开讨论。请你给学校英语报编辑写一封电子邮件，反映此次讨论的结果。 ‎ ‎70%的同学支持 超重危害健康，应该节食、加强锻炼以减肥或者预防肥胖 ‎30%的同学反对 浪费时间和金钱；减肥可能会造成很大的痛苦 你的观点 ‎……‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点 本文属于应用文中的电子邮件，时态为一般现在时，人称为第三人称。文章可分三个部分来写：开头指出讨论的内容即“超重学生是否应该减肥”，为写讨论的结果做铺垫。主体部分依据题目所列表格的两个要点进行构思行文，70%的同学的观点(超重危害健康，应该节食、加强锻炼)和30%的同学的观点(浪费时间和金钱；减肥可能会造成很大的痛苦)。结尾陈述个人的观点，可自主发挥。‎ 开头语：最近我们班讨论了关于超重学生是否应该减肥的问题。(用whether引导的宾语从句)‎ Recently_our_class_have_discussed_the_problem_about_whether_overweight_students_should_lose_weight_or_not.‎ 要点1－①：70%的学生认为超重危害健康。(用that引导的同位语从句)‎ ‎70%_of_the_students_hold_the_opinion_that_overweight_is_harmful_to_health.‎ 要点1－②：有必要节食或投入更多的时间锻炼。(diet, put ...into, take exercise)‎ It's_necessary_to_go_on_a_diet_or_put_more_time_into_taking_exercise.‎ 要点2－①：30%的学生认为他们不应该热衷于减肥。(be crazy about)‎ ‎30%_of_the_students_think_they_shouldn't_be_crazy_about_losing_weight.‎ 要点2－②：减肥可能会造成很大的痛苦。(pain)‎ Losing_weight_may_cause_great_pain.‎ 要点3：只要他们很少生病就没必要担心他们的体重。(anxious, rarely, become ill)‎ There_is_no_need_to_be_anxious_about_their_weight_as_long_as_they_rarely_become_ill.‎ 第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼 为了使内容更充实，我们需要对要点进行必要的拓展，让要点在内容上和形式上更丰满。例如：要点1－①可补充“为了保持健康，超重学生应该有一个健康的生活方式”。要点2－①中论述30%的同学的观点时，可以用that's because指出其原因。‎ 补充要点1－①：为了保持健康，超重学生应该有一个健康的生活方式。(in order to)‎ Overweight_students_should_have_a_healthy_lifestyle_in_order_to_keep_fit.‎ 拓展要点2－①：30%的学生认为他们不应该热衷于减肥。那是因为这是浪费时间和金钱。(that's because)‎ ‎30%_of_the_students_think_they_shouldn't_be_crazy_about_losing_weight.That's_because_it_is_a_waste_of_time_and_money.‎ 第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡 在介绍同学们的观点之前可用“Opinions are divided on this problem.” 进行统领，凸显文章的“总—分”结构，让文章显得紧凑。叙述要点时可用so， however， besides等作好文章的衔接过渡。最后用in my opinion引出个人观点。‎ Dear_Editor,_‎ Recently_our_class_have_discussed_the_problem_about_whether_overweight_students_should_lose_weight_or_not.Opinions_are_divided_on_this_problem.‎ ‎70%_of_the_students_hold_the_opinion_that_overweight_is_harmful_to_health.Overweight_students_should_have_a_healthy_lifestyle__in_order_to_keep_fit.So_it's_necessary_to_go_on_a_diet_or_put_more_time_into_taking_exercise.However,_30%_of_the_students_think_they_shouldn't_be_crazy_about_losing_weight.That's_because_it_is_a_waste_of_time_and_money.Besides,_losing_weight_may_cause_great_pain.‎ In_my_opinion,_there_is_no_need_to_be_anxious_about_their_weight_as_long_as_they_rarely_become_ill.‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua 理清文体结构之(七)　记叙文之插叙——为何处埋下伏笔 插叙是在叙述中心事件的过程中，为了帮助展开情节或刻画人物，暂时中断叙述的线索，插入一段与主要情节相关的回忆或故事的叙述方法。高考在阅读材料的选材中常蕴含某种“正能量”，或促人奋发，或由弱变强。如何在文章中体现这一转变过程？插叙便成了避免平铺直叙的一种手法。读此类文体，应从三个方面着手：①由时间线看事件的曲折发展；②由情节线理清作者的情感态度转变过程；③由插叙处推断事件的发展方向。‎ ‎[高考典例]　2018·北京卷·A篇 ‎[时间线⇨看事件曲折发展]‎ ‎[高考典例]　2018·北京卷·A篇 ‎[情节线⇒关注插叙处]‎ 时间1‎ 时间2‎ ‎(插叙1)‎ 时间3‎ ‎(插叙2)‎ 时间4‎ ‎　　时间5‎ 时间6‎ My First Marathon (马拉松)‎ ‎[1]A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.‎ ‎[2]I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P．E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was “not athletic”．‎ ‎[3]The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind.A test of wills！‎ ‎[4]The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.‎ ‎[5]Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces (鞋带) became untied.So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted！‎ ‎[6]At mile 3, I passed a sign：“GO FOR IT, RUNNERS！”‎ ‎[7]By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.‎ ‎[8]By mile 21, I was starving！‎ ‎[9]As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a．m. or questioned my expenses on running.‎ ‎[10]I was one of the final runners to finish.But I 情节1：赛前——时间1‎ ‎“我”在马拉松比赛前的意外以及决心。(可解第36题)‎ 情节2：参加马拉松以挑战自我的伏笔段 ‎①插叙1——时间2‎ 体育老师告诉“我”不擅长体育运动，为下文“我”比赛成功，摆脱世俗标签埋下伏笔。(可解第37题)‎ ‎②插叙2——时间3‎ 叙述“我”对跑步的感悟，为下文“我”比赛获得成功，赢得奖牌做铺垫。‎ 情节3：赛前——时间4‎ 讲述了“我”在马拉松比赛前做的梦。‎ 情节4：赛中——时间5‎ 讲述了“我”第一次马拉松的参赛过程，说明比赛中的困难，体现“我”挑战自我的艰难。‎ 情节5：赛后——时间6‎ 讲述比赛的结果及体会。‎ ‎①摆脱世俗标签与插叙1相呼应；‎ ‎②挑战自我成功与插叙2相呼应。(可解第39题)‎ ‎ finished！And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.‎ ‎[11]Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels (世俗标签), I can now call myself a “marathon winner”．‎ ‎[定区间·细比对]‎ ‎36. the marathon, the author__________.‎ A．was well trained　　　　 　B．felt scared C．made up his mind to run D．lost hope ‎37．Why did the author mention the P．E. class ？‎ A．To acknowledge the support of his teacher.‎ B．To amuse the readers with a funny story.‎ C．To show he was not talented in sports.‎ D．To share a precious memory.‎ ‎39．What does the story mainly ？‎ A．A man owes his success to his family support.‎ B．A winner is one with a great effort of will.‎ C．Failure is the mother of success.‎ D．One is never too old to learn.‎ ‎[答案]　36.C　37.C　39.B ‎36．题眼由“情节1”中的关键词“determined”得出答案。‎ ‎37．题眼由“情节2”的“插叙1”中的“not athletic”得出答案。‎ ‎39．题眼解本题的关键在于上面“插叙1、2”的叙述及最后的比赛结果，这为故事的主旨埋下伏笔。‎