2019届一轮复习译林版必修五Unit1Gettingalongwithothers单元学案设计（35页）

2019届一轮复习译林版必修五Unit1Gettingalongwithothers单元学案设计（35页）

‎2019届一轮复习译林版必修五Unit 1Getting along with others单元学案设计 一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇 ‎　　‎ Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．identity n．　　 身份 ‎2．absurd adj. 荒唐的，怪诞的 ‎3．acquaintance n. 泛泛之交，熟人；略有交情，(与某人)认识 ‎4．sincerely adv. 真诚地 ‎5．superb adj. 极佳的；卓越的 ‎6．security n. 平安，安全；安全措施 ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎7．awkward adj.　　　 令人尴尬的，别扭的；笨拙的 ‎8．adolescent adj. 青春期的 n. 青少年 ‎9．childhood n. 童年，幼年 ‎10．spy vi. 从事间谍活动；搜集情报 n. 间谍 ‎11．athletic adj. 擅长运动的；健壮的 ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎12．twin adj.　 　　　　 双胞胎之一的；成双的 n. 双胞胎之一；一对相像的事物之一 ‎13．dislike vt. 不喜欢，厌恶 ‎14．apartment n. 公寓套房 ‎15．pace n. 速度；步伐；节奏 ‎16．washroom n. 洗手间，厕所 ‎17．truly adv. 真诚地，诚恳地，衷心地 ‎18．mailbox n. 邮箱 ‎[第四屏听写]‎ ‎19．algebra n．　　　　 　 代数 ‎20．arithmetic n. 算术 ‎21．Easter n. 复活节 ‎22．circus n. 马戏表演；马戏团 ‎23．*online adj. & adv. 在线(的)‎ ‎24．anchor vt. 扎根于；使基于；下锚；使固定 n. 锚 ‎25．trolleybus n. 无轨电车 Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎1．cheerful adj.　　　　 愉快的，高兴的；令人愉快的 ‎2．quarrel n. & vi. 争吵，争执 ‎3．envy vt. & n. 羡慕，忌妒 ‎4．overcome vt. 克服，解决 ‎5．eager adj. 热切的，急不可待的 ‎6．betray vt. 出卖，背叛 ‎7．manner n. 方式；态度；举止　‎ ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎8．swear vt. & vi.　　　 发誓；郑重承诺；咒骂，说脏话 ‎9．pause vi. & n. 停顿；暂停 ‎10．beg vt. & vi. 请求，恳求；乞讨 ‎11．quiz n. 小测验 ‎12．horrible adj.　　 极坏的，糟糕的；恐怖的，令人震惊的 ‎13．revision n. 复习；修订，修改 ‎14．gifted adj. 有天赋的，有天才的 ‎[第七屏听写]‎ ‎15．cautious adj.　　　　 小心的，谨慎的 ‎16．topic n. 话题 ‎17．worldwide adj. 全世界(的)‎ ‎18．cruel adj. 伤人的；残酷的，残忍的 ‎19．disagreement n. 分歧，争论，意见不一 ‎20．guilty adj. 内疚的；有罪的 ‎21．amusement n. 娱乐，消遣　‎ ‎[第八屏听写]‎ ‎22．pretend vi. & vt.　　 假装；装扮，扮作 ‎23．remark n. & vi. 评论，谈论 ‎24．focus vi. & vt. 集中注意力于……；(使)聚焦 n. 焦点；重点 ‎25．sensitive adj. 易生气的；敏感的；体贴的 ‎26．blame vt. 责备，指责 n. (坏事或错事的)责任；责备，指责　‎ ‎[第九屏听写]‎ ‎27．attitude n．　　　　　 态度，看法 ‎28．admit vt. & vi. 承认；允许进入，接纳 ‎29．forgive vt. 原谅，宽恕 ‎30．manner n. 方式；态度，举止 ‎31．argue vi. & vt. 争吵，争论；主张，说服 ‎32．apologize vi. 道歉 ‎33．disagreement n. 分歧，争论，意见不一　　‎ ‎[第十屏听写]‎ ‎34．amusement n．　 　 　 娱乐，消遣 ‎35．hopeless adj. 没有好转希望的，无望的；糟透的 ‎36．respond vi. 做出反应，回应 ‎37．committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的 ‎38．mercy n. 宽恕；仁慈 ‎39．spy_on 暗中监视，窥探 ‎40．before_long 不久，很快　‎ ‎[第十一屏听写]‎ ‎41．keep_pace_with　 　 　 (与……)步调一致，同步 ‎42．get_through (用电话)接通 ‎43．regardless_of 不管，不顾 ‎44．end_up 最后成为；最终处于 ‎45．rely_on 依靠，依赖 ‎46．thanks_to 幸亏；由于 二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾 ‎(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高 识记单词写对 Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)‎ ‎1.identity n．　　　身份 ‎2.absurd adj. 荒唐的，怪诞的 ‎3.acquaintance n. 泛泛之交，熟人；略有交情，认识 ‎4.superb adj. 极佳的；卓越的 ‎5.security n. 平安，安全；安全措施 ‎ ‎6.awkward adj. 令人尴尬的，别扭的；笨拙的 Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)‎ ‎1.cheerful adj.　愉快的，高兴的；令人愉快的 ‎2.quarrel n．& vi. 争吵，争执 ‎3.envy vt. & n. 羡慕，忌妒 ‎4.eager adj. 急不可待的 ‎5.betray vt. 出卖，背叛 ‎6.swear vt. & vi. 发誓；咒骂 ‎7.horrible adj. 极坏的，糟糕的；恐怖的，令人震惊的 ‎8.gifted adj. 有天赋的，有天才的 ‎9.cautious adj. 小心的，谨慎的 ‎10.worldwide adv. & adj.‎ ‎ 全世界(的)‎ ‎11.cruel adj. 伤人的；残酷的，残忍的 核心单词练通 ‎1.When his mother came in, he pretended (假装) to be doing his homework.‎ ‎2.The teacher remarked (评论) that the article was well written.‎ ‎3.By focusing (注重) on saving oil, water, paper, food, and clothing, we are playing a part in cutting down on waste.‎ ‎4.There's no doubt that the consumers are still very sensitive (敏感的) to the price.‎ ‎5.Once you form the habit of blaming (指责) somebody or something else for a bad situation, you will be a loser.‎ ‎6.Despite such a big difference in attitude (看法) towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special.‎ ‎7.As long as we are united, there is no difficulty we can't overcome (克服)．‎ ‎8.This essay is so short that it can only scratch the surface of the topic (话题)．‎ ‎9.You should apologize (道歉) to her for blaming her wrongly.‎ ‎10.I am a nobody and not inclined to beg for mercy (怜悯) or to show it.‎ 拓展单词用活 ‎[记全记牢]‎ ‎1.admit vt. & vi.承认；允许进入，接纳→admission n．承认；进入；许可 ‎2.forgive vt.原谅，宽恕→forgiveness ‎ ‎[用准用活]‎ ‎1.My cousin did very well in the College Entrance Examination, so he gained admission into Beijing University. His ‎ n．原谅，宽恕 ‎3.manner n．方式；态度，举止→manners n．礼貌 ‎4.argue vi. & vt.争吵，争论；主张，说服→argument n．争辩，争论 ‎5.disagreement n．分歧，争论，意见不一→disagree vi.不同意，有分歧 ‎6.amusement n．娱乐，消遣→amuse vt.娱乐，消遣；使发笑→amusing adj.好笑的，有趣的 ‎7.hopeless adj.没有好转希望的，无望的；糟透的→hope n. & v．希望→hopeful adj.有希望的→hopefully adv.有希望地，有前途地 ‎8.adolescent adj.青春期的n.青少年→adolescence n．青春期 ‎9.respond vi.做出反应，回应→response n．回答；反应 ‎10.committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的→commit vt.犯罪，做错事；把……交托给；使……承担义务→commitment n．承诺，保证；委托；承担义务 abilities were admitted by his family and relatives.(admit)‎ ‎2.Don't speak to your father in this manner,_or others will say you have bad manners.(manner)‎ ‎3.Jim is in an argument with his landlord downstairs, who argues that she didn't steal his money.(argue)‎ ‎4.Experts disagreed on where to build a bridge and the disagreement led to the delay of the project.(disagree)‎ ‎5.In the amusement park, the monkey's amusing movements made everybody present amused.(amuse)‎ ‎6.Adolescence is an important period between childhood and manhood. Parents should communicate more with an adolescent.(adolescent)‎ ‎7.Hopefully,_after three years' training abroad the hopeless athlete became hopeful in sports field.(hope)‎ ‎8.Tony is committed to selling the products, because he has made a strong commitment to his boss.(commit)‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.“争论”不止，“辩论”不息 ‎①quarrel n．& vi.　争执，争吵 ‎②argue vt.& vi. 争论，争吵 ‎③discuss vt. 讨论 ‎④debate vi.& n. 争论，争辩 ‎2．拜访“卡片”家族 ‎①Identity Card 身份证 ‎②credit card 信用卡 ‎3.“渴望……”大全 ‎①be eager for sth./to do sth.‎ ‎②be dying for sth./to do sth.‎ ‎③be desperate for sth./to do sth.‎ ‎④be keen on doing sth.‎ ‎4．“歉意”表达种种 ‎①apologize to sb. for sth.‎ ‎②I'm sorry for ...‎ ‎5.外因使人生“情感”‎ ‎①amuse　　　　使发笑 ‎②amaze 使惊奇 ‎③surprise 使吃惊 ‎④confuse 使困惑 ‎⑤puzzle 使迷惑 ‎⑥please 使满意 ‎⑦excite 使兴奋 ‎⑧shock 使震惊 ‎③post card 明信片 ‎④telephone card 电话卡 ‎③say sorry to sb. for sth.‎ ‎④Excuse me for ...‎ ‎⑨frighten 使害怕 terrify 使恐惧 ‎(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高 先 写 对 再 用 准 第一组 ‎1.get_through　　(用电话)接通 ‎2.be_based_on 以……为根据，以……为基础 ‎3.regardless_of 不管，不顾 ‎4.end_up 最后成为；最终处于 ‎5.thanks_to 幸亏；由于 ‎6.look_back_on 回顾，回首 ‎　　Tom was a top student in a senior high school but recently he was addicted to playing games online. ①Regardless_of the bad effects computer games had on him, he still went his own way. Before long he ②ended_up in failure in the midterm exam. ③Thanks_to the timely help of his teacher, Tom realized that success ④was_based_on diligence and persistence, and he determined to concentrate on his study again. ‎ 第二组 ‎1.spy_on　　 　暗中监视，窥探 ‎2._in_one's_opinion 在某人看来 ‎3.keep_one's_word 遵守诺言 ‎4.stay_up 熬夜；挺住 ‎5.before_long 不久，很快 ‎6.can't_help_doing_sth. 情不自禁做某事 ‎　　In order to know more about their daughter, Li Hong's parents focus their attention on her private things. They often ①spy_on her diaries or her blogs, or even look through her schoolbag. ②Before_long,_Li Hong found that and ③couldn't_help quarrelling with her parents. ④In_my_opinion,_it's bad manners for her parents to do this and they should communicate with Li Hong more frequently.‎ 第三组 ‎1.keep_pace_with　　(与……)步调一致，(与……)同步 ‎2.rely_on 依靠，依赖 ‎3.in_advance 事先，提前 ‎4.feel_like_doing_... 想要做……‎ ‎5.be_cautious_about 对……谨慎；对……小心 ‎6._in_conclusion 总之 ‎　　It is an art to know how to get on with friends. First, share his/her feelings but ①be_cautious_about the secrets he/she tells you in case you give them away. Next, you'd better ②keep_pace_with your friend in doing something. He/She may ③rely_on you to help him/her to overcome difficulties. Most importantly, whenever your friend has troubles, support him/her, share his/her feelings, and your friendship will last longer and firmer. ④‎ In_conclusion,_as long as we abide by what are mentioned above, we'll find it easy to get along well with friends.‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.“理由”多多 ‎①because of 　由于，因为 ‎②owing to 由于，因为 ‎③due to 由于，因为 ‎④on account of 由于，因为 ‎⑤thanks to 由于，幸亏 ‎⑥as a result of 由于；因为 ‎2.word短语知多少？‎ ‎①keep one's word 遵守诺言　　‎ ‎②break one's word ‎ 失信，食言 ‎③in a word 总之，简言之 ‎④in other words 换句话说 ‎3.“in＋n.”短语集训营 ‎①in advance　 事先，提前 ‎②in conclusion 总之 ‎③in return 作为回报 ‎④in order 井然有序 ‎⑤in place在适当的位置 ‎⑥in trouble 在困境中 ‎4.“就我个人而言”表达种种 ‎①in my view/opinion ‎②personally speaking ‎③as far as I am concerned ‎④from my point of view ‎(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高 背 原 句 明 句 式 学 仿 写 ‎1.I don't think I can ever truly forgive her. ‎ 我认为我永远不会真正地原谅她。‎ I don't think/believe ...为否定转移结构。‎ 如果你错过了这个机会，我想你再也没有机会和优秀的球员比赛了。(2017·全国卷Ⅲ高分作文) ‎ If you miss this chance, I_don't_think_you_will_have a second chance to play with outstanding players.‎ ‎2.Football is very important to me, but so is our friendship.‎ 足球对我很重要，但是我们的友谊也很重要。‎ ‎“so＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示前面肯定的情况也适用于后者。‎ 每个班都有自身的问题，我的班也一样。(2015·广东高考满分作文) ‎ Every class has its own problems, and so_does_mine.‎ ‎3.When asked, they usually hesitate before responding, ‘My best ‎“‎ ‎ friend? ...’ ‎ 当被问及这个问题的时候，他们往往在回答之前都要犹豫一下，“我最好的朋友？……”‎ 连词＋过去分词”作状语，是状语从句的省略形式。‎ 按计划，我们将在七点钟在学校大门口乘公交车出发。(2017·6月浙江高考满分作文) ‎ As_planned,_we will leave by bus at 7：00 am at the school gate.‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　Kenny didn't feel happy because his classmates ❶disliked him. He always quarreled with them and blamed others for anything small, regardless of others' feelings. His teacher was determined to help him. After chatting with his teacher many times face to face, Kenny ended up accepting his teacher's advice. His classmates forgave him ❷before long, too. Now they rely on him very much.‎ ‎1.①处单词的词性为动词，意为不喜欢，其反义词为like，like还可以用作介词，意为像，如同，其反义词为unlike。‎ ‎2.②处短语意为不久以后，long before意为很久以前。‎ ‎1．blame vt.责备，指责；把……归咎于n.(坏事或错事的)责任；责备，指责 ‎(1)blame sb. for sth.　　　　 因某事而责备某人 blame sth. on sb. 把某事怪到某人头上 be to blame (for ...) (对某事)负有责任(用主动形式表示被动意义)‎ ‎(2)put/lay the blame for sth. on sb.‎ ‎ 把某事归咎于某人身上 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单项填空 ‎①(2018·常熟高三质检)It was human errors, rather than the natural disaster, ________ for the death of so many innocent people in the landslide at an industrial park in Shenzhen. ‎ A．which is blamed　　　　　 B．that is to blame C．which are blamed D．that are to blame 解析：选D　句意：在深圳的一个工业园区发生山体滑坡，造成许多无辜者死亡是人为的失误，而不是自然灾害。这是一个强调句：it is/was＋强调部分＋that＋其他，所以第一空要用that；第二个空是谓语动词部分，be to blame“应该受责备”，为固定搭配，另外，主语是human errors rather than the natural disaster，由rather ‎ than连接并列主语时，谓语动词应与前一部分一致，所以要用are，故选D。‎ 一句多译 她把婚姻的失败归咎于她丈夫。‎ ‎②She blamed_her_husband_for the failure of their marriage.(blame sb. for)‎ ‎③She blamed_the_failure_of_their_marriage_on her husband.(blame sth. on)‎ ‎④She put/laid_the_blame_for_the_failure_of_their_marriage_on her husband.(blame n．)‎ ‎2．forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt.原谅，宽恕 forgive sb. sth.　　　　　　 原谅某人某事 forgive one's doing sth. 原谅某人做了某事 forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做了)某事 forgive and forget 摒弃前嫌 ‎[多角练透]‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎①Tom forgave his little sister for destroying (destroy) his toy car.‎ ‎②Please forgive my interrupting (interrupt) your conversation.‎ 完成句子 ‎③I can forgive_you_anything (原谅你任何事) if you amend your ways.‎ ‎④After the argument the boys decided to forgive_and_forget (摒弃前嫌)．‎ ‎[熟词生义]　读句子猜词义 ‎⑤Believe it or not, I'll forgive you the debt.免除(债务)‎ ‎3．regardless of 不管，不顾 regardless of ＝ in spite of ＝ despite　　 尽管，虽然 ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①Our club is open to everyone regardless_of/in_spite_of/despite_age,_sex_or education_background (不管年龄、性别或教育背景)．‎ ‎[真题印证]‎ ‎②(2015·江苏高考)Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around ________ Thomas Edison.‎ A．thanks to B．regardless of ‎ C．aside from D．but for 解析：选D　考查介词短语。句意：要不是托马斯·爱迪生，我们现在从中受益的很多东西就不会存在。由would可以看出本句用了虚拟语气，在所给选项中只有but for可以引出含蓄虚拟条件，故选D项。thanks to“由于”；regardless of“不管”；aside from“除了……‎ 之外”；but for“要不是”。‎ ‎4．end up最后成为；最终处于 ‎(1)end (up) in　　　　　　　 以……告终，结果为……‎ end (up) with 以……结束(指以某种方式结束)‎ end up as 作为……而结束 end up doing sth. 结果做某事 ‎(2)come to an end 结束 put/bring an end to 结束……‎ in the end 最后，终于 on end 竖立；笔直地；连续地 make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出 ‎[多角练透]‎ 介、副词填空 ‎①While studying, fix your mind on what is really important, or you will end up remembering nothing.‎ ‎②Anderson was born into a poor family, but ended up as one of the greatest writers of his time.‎ ‎③The lecture ended up with a poem of an ancient Chinese poet.‎ ‎④If we neglect our future, we'll end up in failure.‎ 选词填空(come to an end/bring an end to/in the end/on end/make both ends meet)‎ ‎⑤The football match came_to_an_end,_and the crowd soon cleared away from the ground.‎ ‎⑥It's hoped that the talks may bring_an_end_to the violence in schools.‎ ‎⑦If he does not find a cheaper apartment soon he won't be able to make_both_ends_meet.‎ ‎⑧We had hardly anything to eat for days on_end. ‎ ‎⑨Ice becomes smaller and smaller until in_the_end it disappears completely.‎ ‎[名师指津]　come to an end为不及物动词短语，后面不能接宾语，接宾语时需用bring sth. to an end或put/bring an end to sth.。‎ ‎5．rely on依靠，依赖；信任 rely on sb. to do sth.　　 指望/相信某人做某事 rely on (doing) sth. 依赖/信任/指望(做)某事 rely on it that ... 相信……；指望……‎ ‎[多角练透]‎ 单项填空 ‎①As far as I'm concerned, he never breaks his word; you can rely on ________ that he'll come to meet you on time.‎ A．him B．it C．yourself D．one 解析：选B　句意：在我看来，他从不食言；你放心，他会按时来见你的。分析句子结构可知要用it作形式宾语，后面that引导的从句为真正的宾语，rely on it that ...“相信……”。‎ 完成句子 ‎②Nowadays most of people rely_on_their_phones_to organise their life.‎ 现在大多数人依赖他们的手机来安排他们的生活。‎ ‎③She relies_on_her_mother's_coming on time.‎ 她相信她的妈妈会按时来。‎ ‎[联想发散]　在rely on it that结构中，it作形式宾语，代替that引导的真正的宾语从句。此类动词(短语)还有：love, like, appreciate, hate, depend on, see to等。‎ ‎[名师指津]　rely on和depend on表示“依靠；依赖”时，基本是一样的。当表示“由……决定”这个含义时，用depend on；表示“看情况而定”时，用it/that (all) depends。‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　Last night, I was using cell phone to chat ❶________ my mother came in. I pretended to be studying. She didn't respond to me and turned away. ❷________ (feel) guilty, I came up to her and apologized to her. My mother demanded that I focus my mind on getting through my homework. I promised I would remember her remarks and work harder later.‎ ‎1.①处应填when。‎ ‎2.②处用所给词的适当形式填空：‎ Feeling。‎ ‎6．pretend vt.& vi.假装；装扮，扮作 pretend ‎[多角练透]　‎ 单项填空 ‎①On July 7, 1937, the Japanese pretended ________ a Japanese soldier near the Marco Polo Bridge to start a full invasion of China.‎ A．losing　　　　　　　　 B．to have lost C．to lose D．lost 解析：选B　句意：‎1937年7月7日，日本借口在卢沟桥附近一名日本士兵失踪而发动了全面侵华战争。pretend后接不定式作宾语，根据语境，要用不定式的完成时，故选B。‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空/句型转换 ‎②Mary pretended not to_see (see) me when I passed by, which made me very angry.‎ ‎③As many people do, you often pretend to_be_doing (do) work when actually you are just wasting time online.‎ ‎④When her mother came in, she pretended to_have_fallen (fall) asleep.‎ ‎⑤She pretended that she was not at home when we rang the bell. ‎ ‎→She pretended not to be at home when we rang the bell.‎ ‎[联想发散]　与pretend有类似用法(后接to do/to be doing/to have done)的动词还有happen, appear, seem, claim等及be said to结构。‎ ‎7．respond vi.做出反应，回应vt.& vi.回答 ‎ ‎(1)respond to　　　　　　 答复……；对……做出反应 ‎(2)response n. 回应，反应，回答 in response to 对……做出反应 make a response to 对……做出回应 ‎[题点全练]　句型转换/完成句子 ‎①Receiving a message doesn't mean you need to respond to it.‎ ‎→Receiving a message doesn't mean you need to make a response to it.‎ ‎②Like any other public servants, police must respond_to_public_demand.‎ 和其他所有公务员一样，警察必须服务于公众的需求。‎ ‎③It was some time before the door opened in_response_to his ring.‎ 他按完门铃后过了一会儿门才打开。‎ ‎[名师指津]　respond to, in response to, make a response to中的to都是介词，后接名词、代词或v.ing形式。‎ ‎8．apologize vi.道歉；辩白 ‎(1)apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　 因(做)某事向某人道歉 ‎(2)apology n. 道歉 make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉 accept/refuse one's apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉 owe sb. an apology 应向某人道歉 ‎[多角练透]‎ 介词填空 ‎①Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their neighbors and apologize for their playing.‎ ‎②He had the grace to apologize to me for the insulting remark.‎ 句型转换 ‎③The teacher made a suggestion that she should apologize to her deskmate for her bad behaviour.‎ ‎→The teacher made a suggestion that she should make an apology to her deskmate for her bad behaviour.‎ 完成句子 ‎④You shouldn't have spoken to your mother in a rude manner. You owe_her_an_apology (应该向她道歉) immediately.‎ ‎⑤Please accept_my_apology (接受我的歉意) for the inconvenience this matter has given you.‎ ‎[真题印证]‎ ‎⑥(2015·江苏高考)—Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.‎ ‎—I'd like to, but I'm afraid she won't be happy with my ________.‎ A．requests B．excuses C．apologies D．regrets 解析：选C　考查名词。句意：“去向你妈妈道歉，戴夫。”“我想去，但我担心她对我的道歉不满意。”request“要求，请求”；excuse“理由，借口”；apology“道歉，致歉”；regret“懊悔，遗憾”。根据前面的say sorry 判断选C项。‎ ‎9．focus vi.& vt.集中注意力于……；(使)聚焦 n．焦点；重点；(镜头的)焦距 ‎[练牢基点]　写出下列句中focus的含义 ‎①The UN's role in promoting peace is increasingly the focus of international attention.焦点 ‎②He took out the binoculars and adjusted the focus.焦距 ‎③The noise made it hard for me to focus on work.集中注意力于……‎ ‎④If you focus the sun's rays on dry wood with a burningglass, it will start burning.使聚焦 ‎[系统考点]‎ ‎(1)focus on/upon　　 集中于；重点在 focus one's eyes/attention/mind on ...‎ ‎ 把某人的视线/注意力/心思集中到……上 ‎(2)the focus of ... ……的焦点 ‎[练通重点]‎ 单项填空 ‎⑤The research mainly deals with the difficulty the students have ________ their attention on their study all the time.‎ A．to focus B．to be focused C．focusing D．focused 解析：选C　句意：该研究主要涉及学生们遇到的困难——难以一直把注意力集中到学习上。题干中“the students have ________ their attention on their study all the time”为定语从句修饰the difficulty, the difficulty作have的宾语，由此可知这里考查have difficulty doing sth.结构。故选C。‎ 完成句子 ‎⑥Health and environmental problems have increasingly become the_focus_of attention/concern (关注的焦点)．‎ ‎⑦When you are trying to focus_on (全神贯注于) what you are reading, you need to be in a comfortable seat in a quiet room.‎ ‎[联想发散]　表示“集中(注意力、精力等)于……”的短语还有：pay attention to sth.；put one's heart into sth.；fix one's attention on sth.；concentrate one's attention on sth.等。‎ ‎10．remark n．[C]评论，意见vi.& vt.评论，谈论 ‎(1)make a remark/remarks on/about ‎　　　　　　　　 就……发表意见；对……品头论足 ‎(2)remark that ... 谈起，说起……‎ remark on/upon ... 对……发表评论/看法 ‎(3)remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的 be remarkable for＝be known/famous for ‎ 以……著称/引人瞩目 ‎[多角练透]‎ 介词填空 ‎①When she is put in a situation where she has to make a remark on/upon others, she usually changes the topic.‎ ‎②As we all know, the West Lake is remarkable for its beautiful scenery.‎ 一句多译 对别人的相貌品头论足是不礼貌的。‎ ‎③It's bad manners to remark_on/upon the appearance of others.(remark v．) ‎ ‎④It's bad manners to make_a_remark/remarks_on/about the appearance of others.(remark n．)‎ ‎11．get through ‎(用电话)接通；穿过；通过(考试、议案等)；做完，完成；到达；用完；熬过(困境)‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中get through的含义 ‎①I've been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network; I can't seem to get through.接通 ‎②I was glad to hear that she got through the exam, which she had been preparing for a long time.通过 ‎③We got through all our usual Friday jobs list with his help ahead of time.完成 ‎④Let me use your typewriter when you get through with it.用完 ‎[归纳拓展]‎ go through　　　　　 经历，经受；仔细检查；完成；通过 look through 浏览；翻阅 see through 看穿，识破 break through 突破(障碍)‎ ‎⑤When you have finished your list of personal preferences, go_through it again.‎ 等你列出个人的喜好单子后，从头到尾再检查一遍。‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　Mary is a very sensitive person, who always ❶takes_her_troubles_to_heart. I show mercy to her. One day, I told her that I didn't think it was wise for her to be introverted (内向的). She admitted that she was not happy. I argued that she should have an active and optimistic attitude ❷________ life. Hearing what I said, she thought it ❸________ (reason) and promised to change herself.‎ ‎1.①处短语意为__B__。‎ A.非常喜欢 B.把……放在心上 ‎2.②处应填入介词_to/towards。‎ ‎3.③处用所给词的适当形式填空 reasonable。‎ ‎12．sensitive adj.易生气的；敏感的；体贴的，善解人意的；能理解的 ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中sensitive的含义 ‎①Children are sensitive to disapproval and adjust their behaviour accordingly.敏感的 ‎②I have a helpful and sensitive friend.善解人意的 ‎③Don't be so sensitive and I was not criticizing you.易生气的 ‎[系统考点]‎ be sensitive to　　　 对……敏感的/能理解的 be sensitive about 对……敏感的(感情上)/容易生气的 ‎④The teacher must be sensitive to every child's needs.‎ 老师必须对每一位孩子的需求都能理解。‎ ‎13．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯 at the mercy of ...　　 任凭……的摆布，在……的支配下 show (no) mercy to/have (no) mercy on ... (不)怜悯……‎ ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①After the boat's motor failed, they were only at_the_mercy_of_the weather.‎ 小船的马达出现故障之后，他们只能任由天气的摆布。‎ ‎②He showed_no_mercy_to/had_no_mercy_on those who angered him.‎ 他对激怒他的人毫不怜悯。‎ ‎14．admit vt.& vi.承认；允许进入，接纳；容纳 ‎[练牢基点]　写出下列句中admit的含义 ‎①The thing is, a number of them have admitted that despite their success, they aren't happy.(2015·浙江高考完形)承认 ‎②The Entrance College Examination is likely to work out as expected and my dream to be admitted into my favorite university will come true.允许进入 ‎③The dining hall in our school can only admit 1,000 at a time, so students in different grades have three meals at different time.容纳 ‎[系统考点]‎ ‎(1)admit sb./sth. to be＋n./adj. 承认某人/某物是……‎ admit doing/having done/that ... 承认做过……‎ admit (to sb.) that ...　 (向某人)承认…… ‎ ‎(2)admit sb. to/into ... 准许某人进入(或)加入/入学(入院)‎ be admitted to/into 被接收(入学/入院/入党等)‎ ‎(3)admission n. 准许进入；入场费；承认 ‎[练通重点]‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎④You have to admit the performance to_be_(be) wonderful.‎ ‎⑤The young man tried to enter a nightclub, but was refused admission_(admit)．‎ 完成句子 ‎⑥The boy admitted cheating/having_cheated_in_the_exam(在考试中作弊); he would never do that again.‎ ‎⑦Being_admitted_to/into_the_university (被大学录取) is just the beginning and you will have a long way to go ahead of you.‎ 一句多译 他承认违反了交通规则。‎ ‎⑧He_admitted_breaking_the_traffic_rules.(admit doing)‎ ‎⑨He_admitted_having_broken_the_traffic_rules.(admit having done)‎ ‎⑩He_admitted_that_he_had_broken_the_traffic_rules.(admit that)‎ ‎15．否定转移 ‎[教材原句]　I don't_think I can ever truly forgive her.‎ 我认为我永远不会真正地原谅她。‎ 否定转移是指把对宾语从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词上，它必须同时满足三个条件：‎ ‎(1)主语是第一人称I或we ‎(2)主句谓语是一般现在时 ‎(3)谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, guess, imagine等 ‎①We_don't_suppose/think you understand in the least what we're saying.‎ 我们认为你根本不明白我们在说什么。‎ ‎②I don't think you've met Xiao Xin, have_you?‎ 我想你没遇见小新，对吗？‎ ‎③He doesn't think we will come, does_he?‎ 他认为我们不会来了，对吗？‎ ‎[名师指津]　变成反意疑问句时，主句主语为第一人称时，反意疑问句一般与从句的主语和时态保持一致；主句主语为第二、三人称时，反意疑问句一般与主句的主语和时态保持一致。‎ ‎ [单元语基落实]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．When his mother came in, he pretended (假装) to be doing his homework.‎ ‎2．The teacher remarked (评论) that the article was well written.‎ ‎3．There's no doubt that the consumers are still very sensitive (敏感的) to the price.‎ ‎4．Once you form the habit of blaming (指责) somebody or something else for a bad situation, you are a loser.‎ ‎5．In the event of difficulties, please do not hesitate (犹豫) to contact our Customer Service Department.‎ ‎6．If you export nothing but raw materials, you will be at the mercy (怜悯) of world prices.‎ ‎7．Without pausing (停顿) for breath he walked straight to the office.‎ ‎8．She is new here, so naturally she is eager (热切的) for friendship.‎ ‎9．He ran into so many difficulties, but he never gave up and overcame (克服) them.‎ Ⅱ.单项填空 ‎1．Now one of the most serious problems many people are worried about ________ the lack of adequate housing space.‎ A．insists on　　　　　　　 B．depends on C．agrees on D．focuses on 解析：选D　句意：现在许多人所担心的最严重的问题之一集中在缺乏足够的居住空间上。insist on“坚持”；depend on“取决于，依靠”；agree on“对……取得一致意见”；focus on“集中于”。根据句意可选D。‎ ‎2．________ his wife's strong objection, the husband insisted on putting all the money they had into the stock market, which almost drove her crazy.‎ A．Regardless of B．In relation to C．On behalf of D．In memory of 解析：选A　句意：不顾他妻子的强烈反对，丈夫坚持把他们所有的钱投入股票市场，这几乎使她发疯。regardless of“不管，不顾”；in relation to“关于，和……有关”；on behalf of“代表，为了……的利益”；in memory of“纪念”。根据句意可知选A。‎ ‎3．The fact showed that the voyages of travelers before the 17th century were not ________ the sea even though they didn't have modern navigational aids.‎ A．at the expense of B．at the risk of C．at the cost of D．at the mercy of 解析：选D　句意：事实表明，即使他们没有现代的航海设备，17世纪前的航海旅行者们也并没有听任大海的摆布。at the mercy of“任……摆布”，符合句意。at the expense of“在牺牲(或损害)……的情况下”；at the risk of“冒……的危险”；at the cost of“以……为代价”。‎ ‎4．Sometimes the hardest choice we make ________ being the best thing we could have ever done for ourselves.‎ A．takes up B．ends up C．uses up D．breaks up 解析：选B　句意：有时候，我们做出的最艰难的决定最终是我们为自己做得最好的事情。end up“结束，最终”；take up“从事，拿起，占据”；use up“用光”；break up“打碎，结束”。根据句意可知选B。‎ ‎5．(2018·无锡模拟)The company has got ________ from many users both at home and abroad for topquality products and services.‎ A．benefit B．apology C．credit D．envy 解析：选C　根据题干中的“for topquality products and services”可知，该公司因为高质量的产品和优质的服务而获得了良好的口碑。benefit“好处”；apology“道歉”；credit“信用，信誉”；envy“羡慕，忌妒”。‎ ‎6．(2018·苏南五校联考)He is the first person you can think of to ________， for he is always willing to help out whoever is in trouble.‎ A．live on B．rely on C．take on D．turn on 解析：选B　句意：他是你可以考虑依靠的第一个人，因为他总是乐于帮助有困难的人。rely on“依靠，信赖”，符合句意。live on“以……为生”；take on“雇用，呈现，承担”；turn on“打开”。‎ ‎7．(2018·南通、扬州、泰州模拟)People's awareness of obeying the law is ________ to the guarantee of food safety.‎ A．sensitive B．superior C．loyal D．crucial 解析：选D　句意：人们遵守法律的意识对保证食品安全至关重要。be sensitive to“对……敏感”；be superior to“优于”；be loyal to“忠于”；be crucial to“对……至关重要”。根据句意可知选D。‎ ‎8．________ the previous approach to offering lowcost models for the market, Chinese car makers are focusing on displaying alternative energydriven vehicles to meet environmental concerns.‎ A．With regard to B．On account of C．In contrast to D．In response to 解析：选C　句意：和以前向市场投放低价产品不同，中国的汽车制造商们正把注意力放在展示可替代能源驱动的车辆以满足环保的需要。with regard to“关于”；on account of“因为”；in contrast to“与……相比”；in response to“回应，答复”。根据句意可知选C。‎ Ⅲ.翻译句子 ‎1．我认为不是每一个人都能成功。(否定转移)‎ I_don't_think/suppose_everyone_will_be_successful.‎ ‎2．如果你不听我的建议，你最终会失败的。(end up in)‎ You_will_end_up_in_failure_if_you_don't_follow_my_advice.‎ ‎3．你可以相信这一点，你处于困境时，他会帮你。(rely on)‎ You_may_rely_on_it_that_he_will_help_you_when_you_are_in_trouble.‎ ‎4．在医院做志愿者的经历使我更能理解残疾人的需求。(sensitive to)‎ My_voluntary_experience_in_the_hospital_made_me_much_more_sensitive_to_the_needs_of ‎_the_disabled.‎ ‎5．我经常在晚饭后出去散步，她也这样。(so＋助动词＋主语)‎ I_often_go_out_for_a_walk_after_supper._So_does_she.‎ Ⅳ.课文段落大意概括 阅读本单元Reading部分，试着以约30个词概括第一篇课文“Secrets and lies”第二、三段(P2，L7－15)总的段落大意。‎ I did very badly in an easy math quiz. I felt ashamed but pretended to be cheerful. I admitted it to my best friend Hannah, but I begged her to keep it secret. She agreed.‎ ‎[高考提能训练] ‎ 检测评价A卷 Ⅰ.单项填空 ‎1．All of life is ________ act of letting go, but what hurts the most is not taking ________ moment to say goodbye.‎ A．a; the　　　　　　　　 B．an; the C．an; a D．the; a 解析：选C　句意：人生就是要放手，然而最令人痛心的是，我们来不及说一声再见。第一空，act后有定语修饰，表示“放手的行为”，此时act为可数名词且发音以元音音素开头，其前应加不定冠词an；第二空，表泛指，用不定冠词a。‎ ‎2．He was guilty ________ murder, and was sentenced to death.‎ A．with B．for C．of D．to 解析：选C　句意：他犯有谋杀罪，并被判处死刑。be guilty of“犯有……罪的，有……的过错”。故选C项。‎ ‎3．They were surprised that a child should work out the problem ________ they themselves couldn't.‎ A．once B．while C．if D．then 解析：选B　句意：他们十分惊讶，一个孩子能解决的问题而他们竟然不能。while表示对比，意为“然而”。‎ ‎4．—Ouch! You hurt me.‎ ‎—I'm sorry. But I ________ any harm. I ________ to drive a rat out.‎ A．don't mean; am trying B．didn't mean; tried C．haven't meant; tried D．didn't mean; was trying 解析：选D　句意：“啊！你伤到我了！”“对不起。我不想伤害你的。我正在赶一只老鼠。”根据句意可知第一空是指之前不想伤害，用一般过去时；第二空指过去某一时刻正在做某事，用一般过去进行时。故选D。‎ ‎5．(2018·南通、泰州模拟)Many natural disasters took place across the country, ________ severe losses on people's life and property.‎ A．to have brought B．only bringing C．only to bring D．having brought 解析：选B　句意：全国发生了许多自然灾害，给人们的生命财产安全带来了巨大的损失。现在分词作结果状语，表示的都是谓语动词的直接结果，是意料中的结果；不定式作结果状语通常表示的是一个未曾料到的不愉快的结果。根据句意可知是意料中的结果，故选B。‎ ‎6．(2018·无锡模拟)—Peter, this is Hanna, a famous model from Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc. in New York.‎ ‎—How do you do? I'm very delighted to make your ________.‎ A．identification B．acquaintance C．familiarity D．identity 解析：选B　句意：“彼得，这是汉娜，纽约华纳兄弟公司的名模。”“你好，很高兴认识你。”make one's acquaintance with“结识某人”，符合句意。identification“身份；认同”；familiarity“熟悉”；identity“识别”。‎ ‎7．In England, if new words continue to be used for at least five years, they generally ________ the Oxford English Dictionary.‎ A．come up with B．make up for C．look up to D．end up in 解析：选D　句意：在英国，如果新单词被持续使用至少5年，则其最终会被收录进牛津英语字典中。end up in “结束，以……告终”，符合语境。come up with“提出，想出”；make up for“补偿，弥补”；look up to“尊敬，敬仰”。‎ ‎8．“I faced lots of challenges. Finally, I ________ the difficulties through this fighting spirit，” said Du Li, who won gold at the Athens Olympics and in Beijing Olympics.‎ A．forgave B．overcame C．destroyed D．survived 解析：选B　句意：“我面临很多挑战。最后，我顽强拼搏，克服了困难，”杜丽说。她曾在雅典和北京奥运会上夺得金牌。forgive“原谅”；overcome“克服”；destroy“毁坏”；survive“幸免于”。根据句意可知选B。‎ ‎9．(2018·盐城模拟)The local environmental protection agency is very cautious about protecting Sanniang Bay's ecology, as white dolphins are extremely ________ to environmental ‎ changes.‎ A．sceptical B．addicted C．accessible D．sensitive 解析：选D　句意：当地环保部门对于三娘湾的生态保护非常谨慎，因为白海豚对环境变化非常敏感。sceptical“怀疑的”；addicted“上瘾的”；accessible“容易取得的”；sensitive“敏感的”。根据句意可知选D。‎ ‎10．(2018·苏州模拟)—We know Mrs Jones is always the first to help anyone in trouble.‎ ‎—Yes, definitely. She is ________ and respected by all of us.‎ A．the salt of the earth B．a wet blanket C．a big potato D．the apple of our eye 解析：选A　句意：“我们知道琼斯夫人总是第一个去帮助处于困境中的人。”“是的，确实如此。她是一个高尚的人，受到我们所有人的尊敬。”the salt of the earth“高尚的人，社会中坚”；a wet blanket“扫兴的人或物”；a big potato“大人物”；the apple of our eye“掌上明珠”。‎ ‎11．We must declare war against any form of terrorism, ________ what a high price we will pay for the cruel battles to come.‎ A．regardless of B．in view of C．in spite of D．as a result of ‎ 解析：选A　句意：我们必须向任何形式的恐怖主义宣战，不管我们将为即将到来的残酷斗争付出多么沉重的代价。regardless of “不管，不顾”；in view of“鉴于，考虑到”； in spite of“虽然”；as a result of “由于”。根据句意可知选A。‎ ‎12．There is no doubt ________ he's an honest boy, so there is no doubt ________ his honesty.‎ A．whether; for B．that; of C．what; about D．why; of 解析：选B　There is no doubt＋that从句或There is no doubt＋about/of sth.都可表示“毫不怀疑……”，故选B项。‎ ‎13．—In modern times, girls like beautiful clothes.‎ ‎—Yes, ________ and ________ boys. After all, our life has been greatly improved.‎ A．so do they; so do you B．so they do; so you do C．so do they; so you do D．so they do; so do you 解析：选D　句意：“现在的女孩子喜欢漂亮衣服。”“是的，她们的确如此，而且你们男孩子也是这样。毕竟，我们的生活已经得到了极大的改善。”表示“……的确如此”‎ 不需要倒装；表示“……也是这样”要用倒装，故选D项。‎ ‎14．When he picked up a large sum of money by accident, he battled with his ________ whether he should keep it or return it to the owner.‎ A．consciousness B．conscience C．commitment D．convenience 解析：选B　句意：当他捡到一大笔钱的时候，他和他的良心做斗争，是吞了这笔钱还是把钱交给失主。consciousness“意识，观念，觉悟”；conscience“良心，道德”；commitment“承诺，许诺；致力”；convenience“方便，便利”；根据句意选B项。‎ ‎15．The sides of the Iran nuclear negotiation reached a key point, the result of ________ would have a great influence on the world peace.‎ A．that B．which C．whom D．them 解析：选B　句意：伊朗核武器多边谈判已经到了一个关键点上，谈判的结果将会对世界和平产生巨大的影响。先行词为negotiation，所填的词又要作介词of的宾语，故只能用关系代词which。故选B项。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 Just the other day, a fierce storm hit our community. I looked out the window and witnessed a tree being __1__ by the fierce winds. The branches bent, and swayed (摇摆) back and forth, thanks to their __2__ to avoid breaking. The leaves desperately stuck to the branches because their life __3__ the tree. The powerful trunk that __4__ the tree upright bent slightly backwards from the force in a battle to __5__ its position.‎ After the storm had passed, the tree gracefully returned to its __6__ position standing tall amongst the chaos. It managed to __7__ the storm. It didn't look the same as leaves had shed from its branches and the soil had loosened a bit, but what __8__ is that the tree won the fight for its life. ‎ For a long time I couldn't understand why this tree __9__ my attention the way it did. As time passed, it became __10__ that it wasn't just about the tree but about the roots, which, although unseen, dig deep into the soil providing __11__ and nutrition. The roots allow the tree to be able to take a __12__ because they are there to support them.‎ I couldn't but ask myself how deep the roots are in my life. __13__， the next time you catch your kids __14__， when the job is driving you crazy, when you are underpaid and the __15__ is tight, and when the storms of life are raging, go back to your roots. Life is full of __16__. They will make you sway, make you __17__， make you lose some leaves but the deeper your roots the stronger you stand.‎ Faced with __18__ you might bend but don't break. No matter how hard the wind blows don't let life __19__ you into an uncomfortable position. Your __20__ lies in your roots.‎ 语篇解读：几天前，作者亲眼目睹了一棵树经历了暴风雨却幸存下来的整个过程。作者借其告诉了我们一些人生的道理。‎ ‎1．A.crushed　　　　　　　　 B．abused C．broken D．removed 解析：选B　句意：我朝窗外看去，目睹了一棵树被狂风摧残。abuse意为“摧残，伤害，虐待”；crush意为“压坏，压碎，挤压变形”；break意为“打破，摔碎，折断”；remove意为“移动，搬动；去除”。‎ ‎2．A.height B．thickness C．flexibility D．outline 解析：选C　句意：树枝弯了，来回地摇摆着，多亏了它们的柔韧性才没有折断。flexibility意为“柔韧性，灵活性”；height意为“身高，高度”；thickness意为“厚，厚度”；outline意为“外形，轮廓；概括，纲要”。‎ ‎3．A.answered for B．depended on C．catered for D．touched on 解析：选B　句意：树叶不顾一切地固守在树枝上，因为它们的生命依靠这棵树。answer for意为“对……负责；因……而受到惩罚”；depend on意为“依靠，依赖；取决于”；cater for意为“提供饮食及服务；迎合”；touch on意为“提及；涉及”。‎ ‎4．A.held B．tied C．pulled D．raised 解析：选A　句意：在一场保持自己的位置的战斗中，使这棵树保持直立的强大的树干由于外力稍稍向后弯曲。hold意为“使保持(某一位置)”；tie意为“系，捆，扎”；pull意为“拉，拖，扯”；raise意为“举起，抬高”。‎ ‎5．A.achieve B．reach C．establish D．maintain 解析：选D　参见上题解析。maintain意为“维持，保持”；achieve意为“完成，达到，获得”；reach意为“到达，抵达，达到”；establish意为“建立，确立，创建”。‎ ‎6．A.current B．final C．original D．comfortable 解析：选C　句意：在暴风雨过去之后，这棵树优雅地回到原位，在一片混乱中高高地耸立着。original意为“原来的，最初的”；current意为“目前的，现在的”；final意为“最终的，最后的”；comfortable意为“舒服的，安逸的”。‎ ‎7．A.explore B．avoid C．chase D．survive 解析：选D　句意：它在这场暴风雨中设法活了下来。survive意为“幸存，存活”‎ ‎；explore意为“探测，勘探；探索，研究”；avoid意为“避免，防止；回避”；chase意为“追赶，追逐”。‎ ‎8．A.counts B．differs C．concerns D．reveals 解析：选A　句意：它看上去不一样了，因为树叶已经从树枝上脱落，而且土壤有点变松，但重要的是这棵树赢得了这场生命之战。count意为“重要；有价值”；differ意为“不同，有区别”；concern意为“涉及，关系到；使担忧，使心烦”；reveal意为“揭示，表明；揭露，透露”。‎ ‎9．A.fixed B．transferred C．escaped D．caught 解析：选D　句意：我很长时间都无法理解为什么这棵树会吸引我的注意力。catch意为“引起，吸引；接住，抓住”；fix意为“修理，维修”；transfer意为“转移，转让，调动”；escape意为“逃离，逃脱”。‎ ‎10．A.strange B．obvious C．possible D．reasonable 解析：选B　句意：随着时间的推移，显而易见，这不仅仅是关于这棵树，而且还关于树的根。obvious意为“明显的，显然的”；strange意为“奇怪的，古怪的”；possible意为“可能的；合理的”；reasonable意为“公平的；合理的”。‎ ‎11．A.surroundings B．resources C．probability D．stability 解析：选D　句意：尽管，树根不为人所见，但它们深扎于土壤，给树提供养分，使树站得更稳。stability意为“稳定(性)；稳固”；surroundings意为“(周围的)环境”；resource意为“资源；财力”；probability意为“可能性；几率，概率”。‎ ‎12．A.beating B．stand C．chance D．turning 解析：选A　句意：树根使树有能力遭受打击，因为它们会在那里支撑住它。take a beating为固定短语，意为“挨打；受到打击”。‎ ‎13．A.However B．Therefore C．Nevertheless D．Besides 解析：选B　句意：我不得不问我自己在人生中的根扎得有多深。本文为借物喻人。文章借此句过渡，由对树根的描述转为对人的生命之根的描述。空后下文与过渡句前一段的内容构成因果顺承关系。therefore意为“因此，所以”；however意为“然而；但是”；nevertheless意为“然而；但是”；besides意为“而且；此外”。‎ ‎14．A.misbehaving B．struggling C．withdrawing D．misunderstanding 解析：选A　句意：下一次你当场抓住你的孩子调皮捣蛋。misbehave意为“品行不端；调皮捣蛋”；struggle意为“斗争；奋斗，努力”；withdraw意为“撤退，撤回”；misunderstand意为“误解，误会”。‎ ‎15．A.security B．deadline C．money D．community 解析：选C　句意：当你报酬过低，手头的钱紧时。money意为“金钱”；security意为“安全”；deadline意为“截止日期”；community意为“社区”。‎ ‎16．A.surprises B．choices C．storms D．changes 解析：选C　根据上文的“and when the storms of life are raging”可知，人生充满着暴风雨。‎ ‎17．A.smile B．bend C．hesitate D．advance 解析：选B　句意：暴风雨会使你摇晃、弯曲、失去一些叶子， 但是你的根扎得越深，你站得越有力。bend意为“弯曲，变弯，弯腰”；smile意为“微笑”；hesitate意为“犹豫，踌躇”；advance意为“前进，进步”。‎ ‎18．A.opportunities B．challenges C．tasks D．differences 解析：选B　句意：面对挑战，你可以“弯曲”一下但不要被折断。challenge意为“挑战”；opportunity意为“机会”；task意为“任务”；difference意为“差异”。‎ ‎19．A.trick B．argue C．force D．admit 解析：选C　句意：无论风刮得多么猛烈，不要让生活迫使你进入令人不舒服的境地。force意为“迫使，强迫”；trick意为“欺骗，哄骗”；argue意为“争论，辩论”；admit意为“承认，供认；准许进入”。‎ ‎20．A.courage B．ambition C．value D．strength 解析：选D　根据上文的“the stronger you stand”可知，你的力量在于你的根。strength意为“力气，力量”；courage意为“勇气，胆量”；ambition意为“雄心，抱负”；value意为“价值；重要性”。‎ Ⅲ.任务型阅读 ‎(2018·江苏名校联考)‎ Climate Change and Other Human Activities ‎ are Affecting Species Migration One of the reasons climate change is such an important topic is that it will affect the natural biological systems. Both plants and animals will have to respond to the changing climate. In some cases, this means adapting to higher temperatures. In other cases, the changes may be alterations in the rainfall, length of growing season, availability of resources, or other influences.‎ While some animals can adapt, others will have to migrate. Obviously migration can be apparent in mobile animals that will move to maintain a more or less similar climate to which they are accustomed.‎ But animal and plant movement does not occur in just a changing climate. It also has to make changes to the landscape that humans create. For instance, increased land allocation to agriculture or urbanization can create barriers for free migration. So, what scientists really want to know is how these two factors will affect the patterns of animal and plant movement.‎ Researchers in a study projected changes in the distribution of climatically suitable zones for projected future climates. Using a computer model, they projected how and when the species would migrate and they tracked the migration routes. The study incorporated a resistance to movement based on the amount of human alteration to the landscape. The analysis was similar to how the flow of electrons through a wire circuit is calculated. In fact, electronic circuit theory formed a basis for the calculations.‎ From their analysis, the authors identified several locations in North and South America that will be crucial for species movement in a changing climate. Large movements are expected in the southeastern US, the Amazon region, and parts of Brazil. Some of the areas where migration is expected have undamaged biological regions. Others, in particular the southeastern US and Brazil, have pathways that are heavily impacted by human activities, which may create a barrier to the migration routes.‎ In the study, the team of scientists first identified what they call “climatically suitable” conditions for each of the species under a changing climate situation. They plotted routes for the species from areas that were projected to be unsuitable to these suitable areas. The routes were plotted so that they avoided the most heavily humanimpacted regions. They then plotted the paths on a map for easy visualization.‎ Some concrete and specific examples were provided. The authors have identified 14 biological regions and calculated the average direction of movement across each biome (生物群系). Great visualizations are shown of paths of migrations, for instance, in the southeastern US.‎ Climate Change and Other Human Activities are Affecting Species Migration The (1)______ of climate change ‎•There is a (2)________ of changes in the rainfall, length of growing season, availability of resources, etc. ‎ ‎•Some animals will have to adapt to higher temperatures. Other animals have no (3)________ but to migrate.‎ ‎(4)______in species migration Climate change and land use change mainly (5)________ to animal and plant movement.‎ ‎(6)______ of migration routes ‎•(7)________ on electronic circuit theory, researchers used a computer model to calculate the migration routes. ‎ ‎•Some species movement destinations in a changing climate are mainly (8)________ in North and South America, while others, in particular the southeastern US and Brazil, are hard to reach due to human activities. ‎ ‎•14 biological regions are detected and some ideal (9)________ of migrations are exposed to the public.‎ Process of the study ‎•Scientists first find out “climatically suitable” conditions for each of the species. ‎ ‎•They then drew up routes for the species and plotted the paths on a map with the (10)________ of avoiding the most heavily humanimpacted regions.‎ 答案：1.influences/impacts/effects　2.chance/possibility ‎3．choice/alternative/option　4.Factors　5.contribute/lead　6.Identification　7.Based　8.located　9.paths/routes　10.intention 检测评价B卷 阅读理解 A ‎ Learning: An Alternative Learning Opportunity Day School Program Secondary students across Toronto District School Board (TDSB) are invited to take one or two eLearning courses on their day school timetable. Students will remain on the roll at their day school.‎ The online classroom provides an innovative, relevant and interactive learning environment. The courses and online classroom are provided by the Ministry of Education.‎ These online courses：‎ are taught by TDSB secondary school teachers；‎ are part of the TDSB student's timetable; and，‎ appear on the student's report upon completion.‎ Benefits of eLearning Include：‎ access to courses that may not be available at his or her TDSB school；‎ using technology to provide students with current information; and，‎ assistance to solve timetable conflicts.‎ Is eLearning for You?‎ Students who are successful in an online course are usually：‎ able to plan, organize time and complete assignments and activities；‎ capable of working independently in a responsible and honest manner; and，‎ able to regularly use a computer or mobile device with internet access.‎ Students need to spend at least as much time with their online course work as they would in a facetoface classroom course.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。多伦多公立教育局(TDSB)邀请中学生选修一两门在线课程。文章介绍了在线课程的基本情况、优势及选课要求。‎ ‎1．ELearning courses are different from other TDSB courses in that ________.‎ A．they are given by best TDSB teachers B．they are not on the day school timetable C．they are not included on students' reports D．they are an addition to TDSB courses 解析：选D　细节理解题。在线课程的优势之一“access to courses that may not be available at his or her TDSB school.”可知，在线学习可以选修TDSB没有的课程，因此在线课程是TDSB课程的一个补充，故选D项。‎ ‎2．What do students need to do before completing eLearning courses?‎ A．To learn information technology online.‎ B．To do their assignments independently.‎ C．To update their mobile devices regularly.‎ D．To talk face to face with their teachers.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。由题干内容可以定位到标题Is eLearning for You？下的内容，根据“capable of working independently”可知B项说的“独立完成作业”是正确的，故选B项。‎ B ‎(2018·淮安中学调研)For Yali Liu, the hardest thing about UK higher education is having to go to the pub. “It's how much you need to invest socially with other students，” she says. “I don't like going to a pub or club, but people just keep going out and I feel the pressure to go out too.” This is because, unlike in China, she says, there is so much emphasis during the course on teamwork and group projects, so socialising with other students — especially British people, is crucial.‎ Liu, 23, who is in her final year of a BSc in business administration at the University of Bath, is one of more than 80,000 Chinese students studying in UK universities. They are responsible for a large proportion of the more than ￡10bn a year that international students contribute to the UK economy. However, research shows that where their academic attainment (成就) is concerned, the picture is not satisfactory. While nearly 58% of all students — and 45% of overseas students graduated with a firstclass degree last year, this was true of only 35% of students from China.‎ To find an explanation, Zhiqi Wang and Ian Crawford, lecturers at the University of Bath, compared the performance of Chinese and British undergraduates in each year of their degree. Taking a sample of 100 British and Chinese students and comparing their average marks and final degree classification, they found a dramatic drop in performance among the Chinese students between year one, when they performed better than their UK counterparts, and year two, when they performed worse.‎ They believe the drop results from two factors. First, Chinese students fail to adapt their approaches to learning and so their performance declines in the later years when the complexity of the work increases. Second, many young people in China enroll in higher education due to pressure from family rather than their own motivation.‎ Professor Sedghi thinks part of the problem may be the changing socioeconomic background of Chinese undergraduates. While 85% of Chinese students at British universities before 2000 were mature students, often funded by the government, since 2004, however, they have been younger, most funded by their families.‎ Maybe UK institutions need to work harder to take into account what a big challenge it is for young people from a radically different culture and linguistic background to adapt to life in the UK. “We need to do more, contacting students before their arrival, assigning them tutors, encouraging peerassisted learning, for example，” says Sedghi.‎ 语篇解读：如今，在英国的大学就读的中国留学生有8万多名，英国每年经济收入中有100多亿英镑来自留学生，其中大部分来自中国留学生。然而，研究表明，从他们的学习成绩来看，情况并不乐观。本文主要讲述了中国留学生学习成绩不理想的主要原因。‎ ‎3．What can be inferred about Yali Liu from the passage?‎ A．She is not good at socialising with local students.‎ B．She is bored with the teamwork and group projects.‎ C．Her family can't afford her education in the UK.‎ D．The university won't award her a firstclass degree.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第一段的内容尤其是最后一句可知，刘雅丽不擅长参与当地学生的社交活动。故选项A符合题意。‎ ‎4．Which of the following is NOT a possible factor for Chinese students' unsatisfactory attainment?‎ A．They don't adjust their studying methods in time.‎ B．They are lacking in motivation to achieve success.‎ C．They are too young and mostly come from poor families.‎ D．They haven't got necessary support from the UK universities.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第五段第二句可知，自2004年后，中国留学生大多是家里出钱留学，由此推知，他们不可能来自贫困家庭。故选项C符合题意。‎ ‎5．The passage mainly talks about ________ in UK universities.‎ A．the great pressure Chinese students are suffering B．cultural differences between the east and the west C．main reasons for Chinese students' poor performance D．possible solutions to the problems facing Chinese students 解析：选C　主旨大意题。综合文章内容可知，虽然在英国的大学就读的8万多名中国留学生贡献了英国每年100多亿英镑的留学生收入的大部分，但是从他们的学习成绩来看，情况并不乐观。本文主要讲述了中国留学生学习成绩不理想的主要原因。故选项C符合题意。‎ C If a city wishes to host the Olympics, it must submit a proposal to the IOC. After all proposals have been submitted, the IOC votes. If no city with the fewest votes is eliminated, the voting continues，until a majority winner is determined. Typically the Games are awarded several years in advance, allowing the winning city time to prepare for the Games.‎ In selecting the site of the Olympic Games, the IOC considers a number of factors, and chiefly among them is which organizing committee seems most likely to stage the Games effectively. The IOC also considers which parts of the world have not yet hosted the Games. For instance, Tokyo, the host of the 1964 Summer Games, and Beijing, that of the 2008 Games, were chosen in part to popularize the Olympic movement in Asia. Because of growing importance television worldwide, the IOC in recent years has also taken into account the host city's time zone.‎ Wherever the Games take place in the USA or Canada, for example, American television networks are willing to pay specially higher amounts for television rights because they can broadcast popular events live in the best viewing hours. Once the Games have been awarded, it is the duty of the local organizing committee — not the IOC or the NOC of the host city's country to provide them with money. This is often done with a part of the Olympic television revenues, and corporate sponsorships, tickets sales, and other smaller revenue sources. In many cases there is also direct government support. Although many cities have achieved amounts of money by hosting the Games, the Olympics can be financially risky. When the financial gains from the Games were less than expected, the city was left with large debts.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要介绍了奥运会的申办。‎ ‎6．Which of the following words can be used to replace the underlined word “selecting” in Paragraph 2 ?‎ A．Electing.　　　　　　　 B．Hoping.‎ C．Choosing. D．Thinking.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“For instance, Tokyo, the host of the 1964 Summer Games, and Beijing, that of the 2008 Games, were chosen in part to popularize the Olympic movement in Asia.”可知select与choose意思相近，故选C项。‎ ‎7．If the Games take place in Canada, American television networks ________.‎ A．can't broadcast popular events live in the best viewing hours B．will be forbidden to broadcast live sporting events C．are willing to pay much higher amounts for television rights D．will not pay for the Canadian television networks ‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Whenever the Games take place in the USA or Canada, for example, American television networks are willing to pay specially higher amounts for television rights ”可知，如果奥运会在加拿大举办，美国电视网络会愿意为电视版权花巨额的费用，故选C项。‎ ‎8．According to the last paragraph, which following statement is TRUE?‎ A．The host city must be left with large debts.‎ B．The city may achieve a lot of money.‎ C．There is no financial risk in hosting the Olympic Games.‎ D．It is impossible that the host city couldn't make money.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Although many cities have achieved amounts of money by hosting the Games, the Olympics can be financially risky.”可知，举办奥运会的城市可能会挣很多钱，故选B项。‎ ‎9．Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?‎ A．How to host Olympic Games B．Winner or loser C．Applying for host for Olympics D．The Olympic Games 解析：选C　标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“If a city wishes to host the Olympics, it must submit a proposal to the IOC.”可知，本文讲的是奥运会的申办，故选C项。‎ D ‎(2018·徐州市考前信息卷)Don't be fooled by the possibility of success following the climate conference in Paris. Even if all countries make commitments that they could limit global warming to 1.5 degrees this century, this will still mean changes to the world we know.‎ There are the slow but serious changes to our environment: glaciers will melt, suddenly and obviously changing water flows in South Asia and parts of South America; sea levels will rise, removing hundreds of millions of people and making many of our cities difficult to live in; drought will drive whole populations off their land. Mass migrations will become a constant feature of our century.‎ But it's also more likely that there is an obvious increase in violent weather patterns: disasters will become the new normal. Take the rise in sea levels: a final forever rise will be followed by ‎ years of extraordinary tides, storm rushes and temporary floods. The disturbing increase in severe weather over the past couple of decades is likely to continue, bringing stronger winds, more rainfalls and more associated damage than we see today.‎ A discouraging view of the future? Certainly. So much so that most of us — including our political leaders — tend to ignore the solid science behind these warnings and wander into the future unprepared. Yet, humans are an amazing species. We are born with the ability to plan and prepare, and in doing so, we are seemingly able to adapt to almost any change. We are among the most resilient (可迅速恢复的) species on the planet. Resilience — the ability to stand or recover from shocks — does not simply mean to survive severe punishment; it means planning, preparing and building structures and systems that can deal with the shocks.‎ So far, disaster planning — in particular in developing countries — is mainly about how to reduce loss of life and rebuild after disasters. If we are to meet the challenges we are facing with the violent effects of global warming, we need to build resilience into all our planning for the future. We need to build the thought of resisting disasters into everything we do: our buildings, our basic systems and services, our social safety nets, even governing systems. Some of those are obvious: strong buildings and solid dams protect people. But so does “soft basic systems and services”， such as universal health insurance, land registries and property insurance. Among them, they increase the chances that the poor can cope with the effects of calamities without economic ruin.‎ Building the ability to resist shocks into our social and physical infrastructure (基础设施) has always been a smart investment. Looking at the future we are facing, it's an essential one.Yet, we have come to believe a fallacy that the toll of disasters is simply linked to poverty rather than resilience. That false belief feeds fatalism (宿命论): we shake our heads in sad acceptance when 10,000 people are killed in Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines; yet, we are shocked by singlenumber deaths in California wildfires.‎ While building resilience takes investments, it is foolish and ridiculous to believe that resilience is an advantage only rich countries can afford. Relatively simple measures, such as forcing basic building rules, setting minimum standards for the quality of schools, hospitals and other essential public buildings, building basic protective structures against the sea, ensuring backup systems for electricity and communications, etc. could greatly reduce death figures and reduce economic damage in lowincome countries at a fairly low price. Certainly, the price of reconstruction after a disaster has struck is high. The_price_of_building_resilience_is_always_lower.‎ The outcome in Paris was a commitment to reducing carbon emissions to avoid a catastrophe in the future, but we should not lose sight of our commitments to preparing for disasters already unavoidable.‎ 语篇解读：在巴黎气候大会上，各国政府对全球气候有了新的承诺，但是作者对此并不盲目乐观，而是看到了即使努力之后也可能出现的不良变化，并给出了自己的建议。‎ ‎10．Why does the author mention so many types of climate change in the passage?‎ A．To show the range of climate change.‎ B．To draw a conclusion on climate change.‎ C．To illustrate the bad impact of climate change.‎ D．To prove the importance of government involvement.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Even if all countries make commitments ... to the world we know.”及第二、三段的内容可知，作者是为了阐述气候变化的负面影响。‎ ‎11．Why will more people be forced to move from their hometown?‎ A．The farming land is shrinking.‎ B．They can't stand the violent weather.‎ C．There are less and less good job opportunities.‎ D．They face many problems of environmental pollution.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二、三段的内容可知，气候变化是人们不得不离开自己家园的原因。‎ ‎12．What should we do to fight for a better future according to the passage?‎ A．Take preventive measures in advance.‎ B．Build more safety systems after survival.‎ C．Try to reduce disaster in developing countries.‎ D．Face the challenges with more government investment.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四、五段的内容可知，作者认为当代人应该在不利的情况发生之前采取防御措施。故选A项。‎ ‎13．What does the underlined word “fallacy” in Paragraph 6 refer to?‎ A．A standard designed for poor areas.‎ B．An advantage only rich countries have.‎ C．A kind of ability to resist different disasters.‎ D．A false idea that many people believe is true.‎ 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据后文的“the toll of disasters is simply linked to poverty rather than resilience” 以及“false belief”和 “foolish and ridiculous to believe that resilience is an advantage only rich countries can afford”可知，fallacy应意为“谬论”，故选D项。‎ ‎14．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 7 indicate?‎ A．The cost of a resilient system can be reduced.‎ B．The price of building resilience is unreasonable.‎ C．The money spent on resilience should be made public.‎ D．It's necessary for the government to build a resilient system.‎ 解析：选D　句意理解题。根据上一句中的“the price of reconstruction after a disaster has struck is high”可知，灾后重建的代价很大，而预防会让付出的代价减少，所以结合本段内容可知，画线句实际上是为了说明事先建立防御机制的重要性。‎ ‎15．What is the author's opinion of the climate conference in Paris?‎ A．It's a big relief with so many countries' efforts.‎ B．There's a long way to go to gain a bright future.‎ C．There should be more countries attending the meeting.‎ D．People are attaching great value to climate change now.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段的内容，再结合最后一段中的“should not lose sight of our commitments to preparing for disasters already unavoidable”可知，作者认为在这次会议之后，解决全球气候问题的任务依然任重道远。‎