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【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit 3 Computers单元学案(26页word版)
2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit 3 Computers单元学案 【一】单元基础词汇语法知识梳理 高频词汇 1.Where can I____________(下载)the exercises from the Internet? 2.More problems like those at the nuclear power plant are certain to____________(出现). 3.During the winter holidays,I____________(辅导)some students for English exams. 4. They achieved their____________(目标)of increasing sales by five percent. 5.It is such a hard problem that it is impossible for me to____________(解决). 6.Money does not always bring____________(幸福). 7.These changes are due to an increase in the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere since the beginning of the Industrial____________(革命). 8.There is another kind of beauty that has nothing to do with____________(外貌),but comes from the heart. 9.It is just her childhood experiences that affect her____________(性格)and later life. 10.After the president made an official announcement,he expressed his____________opinion.____________speaking,I agreed with his opinion.(personal) 11.I would like to____________for the job advertised in the newspaper,so I have sent my____________before July 20,2010.(apply) 12.Can you say that dolphins are much more____________than other animals?Well,they are animals of high____________and they can communicate.(intelligent) 1.download 2.arise 3.coached 4.goal 5.solve 6.happiness 7.Revolution 8.appearance 9.character 10.personal;Personally 11.apply;application 12.intelligent;intelligence 高频短语 1.________________ 从……时起 2.________________ 结果 3.________________ 如此……以致于 4.________________ 在某种程度上 5.________________ 在……的帮助下 6.________________ 处理;安排;对付 7.________________ 看守;监视 8.________________ 共有;共用 9.________________ 弥补 10.________________ 毕竟 1.from...on 2.as a result 3.so...that 4.in a way 5.with the help of 6.deal with 7.watch over 8.in common 9.make up 10.after all 重点句式 1.____________,I was made smaller. 随着时间的流逝,我被做得更小了。 2.I developed very slowly and__________nearly two hundred years________I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. 我发育缓慢,差不多到了两百年之后,查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。 3.____________my memory has developed so much that,like an elephant,I never forget________________! 随着时间的推移,我的记忆力发展得如此之快,就像一头大象一样,我从来不会忘记告诉我的任何事情! 4.And my memory became________large________even I couldn’t believe it! 我的存储量变得如此之大,连我自己都不能相信! 5.________,my goal is to provide humans with a life____________. 不管怎样,我的目标是为人类提供高质量的生活。 1.As time went by 2.it took;before 3.Over time;anything I have been told 4.so;that 5.Anyhow;of high quality 1.totally adv. 完全地,整个地 (回归课本P18)As a result I totally changed my shape. 结果,我彻底改变了形状。 [归纳拓展] [例句探源] ①I totally agree with you. 我完全同意你的看法。 ②(朗文P2182)In total,over 250 employees completed the safety training. 总共有超过250名员工完成了安全培训。 ③The plan was a total failure. 那项计划完全失败了。 ④A total of 100 teachers will attend the meeting. 总共100名老师将参加会议。 [即境活用] 1.—Do you know how many students took part in the sports meet? —About 400________. A.all together B.after all C.in total D.at total 解析:选C。表达“总共,完全”可以使用下列短语:altogether,in all或in total。 2.arise vi. 出现;发生;起身,起床 (回归课本P23)Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation arises. 接着她准备好了可行的步骤来应对新情况的出现。 [归纳拓展] [例句探源] ①(朗文P89)More problems like those at the nuclear power plant are certain to arise. 该核电站一定会出现更多类似那样的问题。 ②A great idea arose in her mind. 一个好主意浮现在她的脑海中。 ③Accidents often arise from carelessness. 事故往往是由疏忽大意而引起的。 [易混辨析] arise,arouse,rise,raise 原形 过去式 过去分词 v.ing arise(vi.)出现,发生,起因于 arose arisen arising arouse(vt.)唤醒,激起 aroused aroused arousing rise(vi.)升起,起身,增长,上升 rose risen rising raise(vt.)举起,唤起,提高,饲养 raised raised raising We were watching the children raising the national flag,and saw it rising slowly in the wind,which aroused our patriotic(爱国的)minds. 我们在观看孩子们升国旗,看到国旗在风中徐徐升起,这唤起了我们的爱国之心。 [即境活用] 2.我们应永记心中,开车时事故是由粗心引起的。 We should always keep in mind that accidents________ ________ ________while driving. 答案:arise from carelessness 3.anyhow adv. 无论如何;即使如此 (回归课本P18)Anyhow,my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality. 不管怎么样,我的目标是给人类提供高质量的生活。 [归纳拓展] [例句探源] ①(朗文P76)Anyhow,we have plenty of time to plan ahead. 不管怎样,我们有很多时间去提前作计划。 ②It’s too expensive and anyhow(=anyway) the color doesn’t suit you.(而且) 这个太贵,而且颜色也不适合你。 ③I’m afraid we can’t come,but thanks for the invitation anyhow(=anyway).(即使这样) 恐怕我们来不了,不过还是感谢邀请。 ④Anyhow(=Anyway),let’s forget about that thing for the moment!(无论如何) 无论如何,咱们此刻忘记那件事吧! 【温馨提示】 somehow表示“以某种方式;不知怎么地”,与anyhow意义不同。 ⑤Somehow,I don’t feel I can trust him. 不知怎么地,我觉得不能信任他。 4.signal vi.& vt.发信号 n. 信号 (回归课本P23)For example,I have learned to signal to my teammates in computer language to give me the ball when I am open and have a good shot for a goal. 例如,当我启动的时候,我可以用计算机语言向队友示意把球传给我,这样可以有一个漂亮的射门。 [归纳拓展] [例句探源] ①In our class,when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book,it was a signal for everyone to stand up. 在课堂上,铃声响起,老师合上书就是我们要起立的信号。 ②She signalled (to) him to follow. 她示意他跟她走。 ③He signalled that it was time to leave. 他示意该走了。 [即境活用] 3.—What did our teacher do? —He raised his arm as a(n)________for us to stop. A.signal B.reality C.application D.goal 解析:选A。考查名词辨析。答句句意:他抬起手臂示意我们停下。signal意为“信号,手势”。 4.(2010年龙岩一检)The door and the windows were all closed and there was no________of forced entry. A.scene B.signal C.sign D.sight 解析:选C。考查名词辨析。句意表示“门窗都关闭着,没有强行侵入的迹象”。这里sign表示“迹象”;scene表示“场景,景色”;signal表示“信号”;sight则表示“视野”。根据句意,选C项。 5.in a way 从某一角度看;在某种程度上 (回归课本P23)In a way our programmer is like our coach. 从某种程度上讲,我们的程序员就好比是我们的教练。 [归纳拓展] [例句探源] ①(朗文P2316)In a way,I’m a little surprised he accepted the offer. 从某种意义上讲,他接受了这个报价让我觉得有点儿惊讶。 ②Only in this way can you get rid of your bad habits. 只有用这种方法你才能改掉你的坏习惯。 ③In no way should you lose heart. 你决不应该失去信心。 ④Don’t stand in the way.Move aside and let me pass. 不要挡着路,靠边点让我过去。 [即境活用] 5.—I think he is taking an active part in social work. —I agree with you ________. A.in a way B.on the way C.by the way D.in the way 解析:选A。此题考查介词短语的含义。in a way在某种程度上;on the way在……路上,即将成为……;by the way在主要话题或交谈中用以插入题外的话或问题,常译为“顺便问一下”;in the way阻碍。 6.He is on his way to ________ a doctor after having finished his four years’ study in the university. A.become B.becoming C.became D.having become 解析:选B。on one’s way to sth./doing sth.即将成为……,其中to为介词。 6.as a result 结果 (回归课本P18)As a result I totally changed my shape. 结果我的外形完全改变了。 [例句探源] ①He made one big mistake,and,as a result,lost his job. 他犯了个大错,结果丢了工作。 ②I was very busy.As a result,I couldn’t take care of her. 我非常忙,因此无法照料她。 [易混辨析] as a result,as a result of,result in,result from (1)as a result因此,结果,副词短语,常作状语,使用时其前常有一个表示原因的句子。 (2)as a result of是介词短语,只能连接名词/代词/动名词及what引导的宾语从句。 (3)result in相当于lead to,结果为……;导致,主语是原因,宾语是结果。 (4)result from相当于lie in,因为,源自,主语是结果,宾语是原因。 ①We helped each other in studies and as a result we became good friends. ②As a result of the car accident,Jackson couldn’t work any longer. ③His carelessness resulted in his failure. ④His failure resulted from his carelessness. [即境活用] 7.Jenny nearly missed the flight________doing too much shopping. A.as a result of B.on top of C.in front of D.in need of 解析:选A。句意:由于购物花费时间太多,珍妮差点错过航班。as a result of作为……的结果,由于;on top of在……之上;in front of在……前面;in need of需要……。 8.My friend Martin was very sick with a high fever;________,he could neither eat nor sleep. A.as a result B.after all C.anyway D.otherwise 解析:选A。因生病而导致了后面的结果,所以选as a result。 7.deal with 处理;安排;对付 (回归课本P24)This means that it should clean the house,mop the floors,cook the dinner and deal with telephone calls. 这就意味着它应该打扫房子、拖地、做饭以及接电话。 [例句探源] ①She is used to dealing with all kinds of people in her job. 她已习惯于和工作中遇到的各种各样的人打交道。 ②I found her quite hard to deal with. 我发现她很难相处。 ③This is a book dealing with Asian problems. 这是一本论述亚洲问题的书。 【温馨提示】 deal with常与how连用,而do with则常与what连用。 ④I don’t know how to deal with the situation. 我不知道如何处理这种情况。 ⑤I don’t know what to do with the situation. 我不知道如何处理这种情况。 [即境活用] 9.—You look so worried.What’s the matter? —I don’t know________these boring problems. A.what to deal with B.how to do with C.what can I do with D.how to deal with 解析:选D。考查短语的用法。deal with通常与how搭配,而do with通常与what搭配,C项语序不对。故选D。 10.With the world changing fast,we have something new________with all by ourselves every day. A.deal B.dealt C.to deal D.dealing 解析:选C。该句为“have something to do”结构,动词不定式短语作定语。 句型梳理 1【教材原句】 As time went by,I was made smaller.(P18) 随着时间的流逝,我被做得更小了。 【句法分析】 as意为“随着”,引导时间状语从句。 ①As we grow older,we get wiser. 随着年龄的增长,我们会变得越来越聪明。 ②As time went on,Einstein’s theory proved to be correct. 随着岁月的推移,爱因斯坦的理论被证明是正确的。 [易混辨析] as,with (1)as是连词,引导时间状语从句。 (2)with是介词,后接名词或代词构成with短语或with复合结构。 ①As our life improves,we find more and more time entertaining. ②With the time going by,they became close friends. [即境活用] 11.________children get older,they become more and more interested in the things around them. A.While B.When C.As D.With 解析:选C。as可表示两个同步发展的动作或行 为,意为“随着”;while表示一段较长的时间或过程内主从句谓语动作同时发生;when作“当……的时候”讲,指较短的一段时间或点时间;with不能引导从句。 12.I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise________. A.going on B.goes on C.went on D.to go on 解析:选A。with复合结构在句子中作伴随状语。“with+n.+doing/done/介词短语”为固定结构。noise与go on之间为主动关系,故选A。 2【教材原句】 And my memory became so large that even I couldn’t believe it!(P18) 我的存储量变得如此之大,连我自己都不能相信! 【句法分析】 so/such...that引导结果状语从句,意为“如此……以至于”。 so...that...的基本句式: (1)so+形容词(副词或分词)+that从句 ①She was so excited that she couldn’t go to sleep. 她兴奋得睡不着觉。 ②There are so many people in the street that I can’t get through. 街上有这么多人我过不去。 ③There was so little water left that only little children were given some.剩下的水不多了,只给小孩分了一些。 [归纳拓展] ④It was such fine weather that we had a picnic together. 天气那么好我们一起去野餐了。 ⑤It was such a lovely day that we decided to go outing. →It was so lovely a day that we decided to go outing. 天气那么好,我们决定去郊游。 (2)当so.../such...放在句首时,主句要用部分倒装。 ⑥So fast did the teacher speak that I couldn’t follow him. (The teacher spoke so fast that I couldn’t follow him.) 那个老师说得太快,我听不懂。 [即境活用] 13.The Great Wall is________tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year. A.so a wellknown B.a so wellknown C.such wellknown a D.such a wellknown 解析:选D。句意:长城是如此著名的旅游胜地,以至于每年都有上百万人涌来。such+a+形容词+单数名词+that从句,表示“如此……以至于……”。 14.Peter was so excited________he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing. A.where B.that C.why D.when 解析:选D。句意:当彼得的朋友邀请他来重庆时,他很兴奋。此题考查状语从句,只有when引导的时间状语从句符合题意。 复合句 ◆什么是复合句 复合句由一个主句和一个或多个从句组成,主句表达的是重要信息,从句起到补充修饰的作用。一个组织严密的复合句通常在包含大量信息的同时,还要正确地反映信息间的逻辑关系。 【佳句选粹】 ①There is a rumor that he has married a widow. 【分析】 本句属于复合句,由“主句+同位语从句”构成。“he has married a widow”作为“rumor” 的同位语,由that引导构成了同位语从句。 ②Let’s meet tomorrow if it is convenient for you. 【分析】 本句属于复合句,由“主句+条件状语从句”构成。“Let’s meet tomorrow”是主句,“if it is convenient for you”是由if引导的条件状语从句。 ◆主要从句类型 英语中的从句有很多类型,因此除了准确判断句子之间的主从关系以外,还要熟悉和掌握各种不同类型的从句。 1.名词性从句:它在句子中可充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。 【佳句选粹】 ①How it all happened is a mystery to me. 这一切是怎样发生的对我来说是个谜。(主语) ②I wonder if you could stay for another day. 不知你可否再待一天。(宾语) ③The question is whether they have signed a contract. 问题是他们签没签合同。(表语) ④The idea that money means everything is unsound. 金钱万能的思想是错误的。(同位语) 2.定语从句:多由关系代词或关系副词引导。 【佳句选粹】 ①Jim introduced me to a girl who sat next to him. 吉姆把我介绍给他旁边的一位姑娘。 ②Then I telephoned the doctor (whom)she had recommended.然后我给她推荐的医生打了电话。 ③There are the reasons why we did it. 这些就是我们这样做的原因。 3.状语从句:用作状语的从句很多,可以表示时间、地点、原因、条件、方式、目的、结果、比较、让步等。 【佳句选粹】 ①We all stood up when he came in. 他进来时我们都站了起来。(时间) ②I didn’t go because I wasn’t feeling well. 我没有去是因为我身体不舒服。(原因) ③It was so dark that we couldn’t see each other’s faces. 天那样黑,我们看不清彼此的脸。(结果) ④Though they were poor,they were still happy. 他们虽然很穷,但仍然很幸福。(让步) ⑤Just as the water is the most important of liquids,air is the most important of gases. 正如水是液体中最重要的一种一样,空气是气体中最重要的一种。(方式) ⑥You’ll do all right,as long as you follow his advice. 只要你听从他的劝告,你就会干得很好。(条件) ⑦The director gave me a better offer than he gave Dick. 导师给我的提议比给狄克的好。(比较) 单元核心考点阅读专题训练 A Austria—Winter Wonderland Enjoying the mountains and valleys of Austria is something that everyone with the love of walking can do even in the winter; the staggering beauty of the Tyrolean Alps stand tall and majestic under their blanket of snow. The walking tracks in the area are cleared each day for those who prefer to walk in the winter sunshine through the forests and villages. To add a little more interest and fun to this holiday, we have included other activities such as snowshoeing, curling and a sleigh ride. Seefeld is one of the largest and most popular destinations in the Tyrol and has a wealth of easy walks to follow in the winter as well as other Nordic activities. Framed by the Mountain Range of the Karwendel National Park Seefeld is situated on a sunny high-altitude plateau 1,200 meters above sea-level and is 150 km from Munich and Innsbruck is 21 km away. You will be staying at the Hotel Bergland, a four star family run hotel situated on the edge of the village of Seefeld near the Wildsee Lake in a beautiful sunny location. The hotel offers classic cuisine(烹饪) and wine cellar, with sun terrace, indoor pool, large sauna and fitness room. There are also Internet facilities available. The weather in January is very pleasant, cold but often with warm winter sunshine. This area of Austria with its breathtaking beauty has ideal walking conditions for our programme. All equipment for the planned activities is included in the price which also includes transport. You will be given an opportunity to experience the wonderful Tyrolean hospitality when visiting the popular mountain Alm Houses for lunch. The price is based on dinner, bed & breakfast with flights from Gatwick Airport to Innsbruck but regional flights can be arranged at a small additional cost. All activities, equipment and transport are included in the price. 1. What does the underlined word “staggering” in the first paragraph mean? A. Unbelievable. B. Unbearable. C. Natural. D. Ordinary. 2. The passage is written with the purpose of . advertising the scenery of Austria A. B. introducing the scenery of Austria to readers C. remembering something interesting in Austria D. arranging some flights from Gatwick Airport to Innsbruck 3. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. The Hotel Bergland is only to serve family tourists. B. Tourists who stay at the Hotel Bergland can connect to the Internet. C. The Hotel Bergland can offer most convenience except foods. D. The Wildsee Lake is far from the Seefeld. 4. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. January in Austria is extremely cold but windy. B. Having lunch is to experience whether Tyrolean is of hospitality. C. All activities, equipment and transport have to be arranged by yourself. D. If you want to take planes by the local flights, you should pay yourself. B There once was a dad and his son. In one holiday they went hunting one day at their deer shack in Spooner, WI. The son and the dad were on their way to their tree stands when the son saw a bobcat (美洲野猫). They saw it standing up on its hind legs looking for something to eat. The dad told his son to try to walk slowly around the bobcat but they stepped on a branch when they saw the bobcat. When they stepped on the branch the bobcat saw them and started to charge(猛冲) after them. The bobcat took down the dad, so the son ran as fast as he could to get to his tree stand. The son grabbed his deer rifle, put a bullet in it, looked at the bobcat, and shot it in the heart. The son got out of his tree stand to go check on his dad. When he got over to his dad he removed the dead bobcat. Then he called the EMT's (急诊医士) because he thought his dad was really hurt from when the bobcat stomped on him and bit him. The EMT's told the son they were 10 minutes out. Before the EMT's got there the son took his dad into the hunting shack to clean out his cuts. After the EMT's arrived at the deer shack they looked at the son's dad. They said he will be in the hospital for 10 days. He had ten broken ribs and 5 broken neck bones, so after the son heard this he started crying. The EMT's said, "We can take you to your grandma's house." The ten days were up now so the son went back to the hospital and the doctors explained that his dad would be paralyzed(瘫痪) from the waste down. Then the son asked the doctors, "Can we could still go hunting and fishing together." They replied no, but you and your grandma can do those things together. The dad had to go into physical therapy treatment for 2 years. Then the dad got back home and the son and he did things together like they used to do. 5. When the father and son encountered the bobcat, it must be . A. terrified B. excited C. sleepy D. hungry 6. Why did the bobcat find the son and his father? A. Because it had an excellent smell. B. Because they made a noise at that moment. C. Because they missed the first shot. D. Because it had a very good eyesight. 7. Why did the son phone the EMT's? A. Because the EMT's could help them hunting. B. Because the EMT's could deal with the dead bobcat. C. Because the EMT's could send him home. D. Because the EMT's could cure his injured father. 8. It can be inferred that the father was . A. badly wounded B. slightly wounded C. not wounded at all D. already dead 9. What can you infer from the last paragraph? A. The dad completely got well after 10 days. B. The son and the father did no hunting any more. C. The son and the father continued hunting as before. D. The doctor agreed to the son's hunting request. C I am often asked how I started Pajama(睡衣) Program but honestly, I feel like Pajama Program happened to me, not the other way around. I never set out to start a non-profit, nor did I have a desire to turn my life upside down. All I asked for was a little "purpose" to my life. And you know what they say, be careful what you ask for... I visited a safe house for abused and abandoned children. My intention was to read with the children in the evening, once a week after my work day. I loved my marketing job and planned to continue advancing my career for many years to come. One night as I said goodbye to the children I watched them go into a nearby room to sleep. They slowly climbed onto couches and futons. Some were crying and the staff tried to comfort them and ease them onto a soft surface. There was no changing of their clothes, no bedtime stories, no hugs from moms or dads. I was puzzled. This was not the way bedtime was supposed to be for a child. I waited for the staff to finish with the children and asked them if they needed pajamas... could I bring some? The next week I brought 12 pairs of pajamas with me—one for each child I was told would be there. As the children came into the room to sit and read with me, I gave each one a pair of pajamas. One little girl wouldn't take pajamas from me. She stood perfectly still, looked up at me, and asked in a whisper, "What are these?" "They're pajamas," I said. "Where do I wear them?" I answered her, "To bed at night." She looked at me, puzzled. "What do you usually wear to bed?" I asked her. "My pants," she said quietly. My heart sank. It was at that moment I knew I had found my true purpose in life. I told everyone to give me new pajamas... for my birthday, anniversary... Christmas... and I gave them to the children. How incredible when my friends came with me! I knew what was happening; I was feeling a new swell in my heart... for these children who needed pajamas and a book for bedtime. 10. According to the passage, the author started Pajama Program . A. by chance B. to turn her life upside down C. as a non-profit project D. by choice 11. What's the author's purpose of visiting the safe house? A. To plan to change her present work. B. To carry on her market research. C. To read together with the children. D. To watch them sleep in a nearby room. 12. It can be inferred that the children can only get . A. changing of their clothes B. bedtime stories C. hugs from moms or dads D. the care from the staff 13. How many children took pajamas from the author? Thirteen. B. Twelve. C. Eleven. Ten. A. D. 14. What kind of person does the author belong to? A. Selfish and greedy. B. Clever and devotional. C. Lovable and pretty. D. Funny and humorous. 答案 一、阅读理解 1. A 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. D 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. A 11. C12. D13. C14. B 查看更多