2020届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit2TheOlympicGames复习学案

2020届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit2TheOlympicGames复习学案

Unit 2 The Olympic Games复习学案 话题诵读 日积月累 ‎[导语]　北京将成为全球首座既举办夏季奥运会，又举办冬季奥运会的城市。但是《财富》杂志就2022年冬奥会提出了几个问题。一起来看看吧！‎ Questions about the 2022 Winter Olympics The Chinese city of Beijing has been named host of the 2022 Winter Olympics，beating out Almaty，Kazakhstan in the process.‎ Still，there's plenty of uncertainty over Beijing's ability to host wintertime athletics.Here are the questions Fortune has about the 2022 Games：‎ ‎1．____________________________________________________‎ The pride of hosting an Olympic event has lost some of its luster in recent years.Hosting the Olympics might seem like it affords international bragging rights，but in reality it's a big economic drain.Greece's 2004 Athens Summer Olympics left the country with $11 billion in debt，according to CNN.Beijing's own 2008 Summer Games，meanwhile，cost $44 billion.The previous Winter Olympic Games，held in Sochi，Russia，cost about $50 billion.‎ ‎2．____________________________________________________‎ Beijing is not exactly a winter city—but then again，neither was Sochi.So expect fake snow.Lots and lots of fake snow.Here's a little ‎ on how Sochi achieved the winter miracle，per The New York Times：‎ Machines make snow the same way nature does，by freezing water droplets.But they do it a few feet above the ground，rather than in the much colder conditions high in the atmosphere.Snowmaking machines employ a few thermodynamic tricks to help，but at times there is a limit to what physics can do.‎ Temperature is key in this process.Should Beijing be too warm around the time of the Games，things may get a little risky.Still，as CNN notes，Beijing will host the ice－based events，while competitions requiring snow will be held about 120 miles to Beijing's northwest in Zhangjiakou.‎ ‎3．____________________________________________________‎ Beijing officials，of course，are doing their best to dissipate doubts regarding the city's smog and pollution issues.For what it's worth，the city did curb pollution effectively in 2008，so it's possible it could repeat those efforts.‎ Xu Jicheng，who helps lead Beijing 2022's press efforts，said in a statement that “technically the pollution has been reduced and controlled，we have seven more years to go and it will be sunshine and white clouds.”‎ ‎[词海拾贝]‎ ‎1．luster　　 n．光彩，光辉 ‎2．brag v．吹牛，自夸 ‎3．miracle n．奇迹 ‎4．thermodynamic adj.热力的，热力学的 ‎5．dissipate v．消除 ‎6．curb v．抑制 ‎[问题思考]‎ Fill in the blanks 1－3 with the suitable questions.(There is one extra heading which you do not need.)‎ A．What about the pollution?‎ B．How much will it cost China?‎ C．How can Beijing host Winter events?‎ D．Will there be any economic benefit at all?‎ 答案：1.B　2.C　3.A 自主预习 步步提高 词汇识记 Ⅰ.将单词与其正确释义配对 ‎1．compete　　　　 A．主人；做东；主办 ‎2．magical B．座右铭；格言；警句 ‎3．volunteer C．巫术的；魔术的；有魔力的 ‎4．regular D．容许；承认；接纳 ‎5．basis E．替换；取代 ‎6．admit F．规则的；定期的；常规的 ‎7．host G．志愿者；志愿的；自愿 ‎8．responsibility H．比赛；竞争 ‎9．replace I．责任；职责 ‎10．motto J．基础；根据 答案：1.H　2.C　3.G　4.F　5.J　6.D　7.A　8.I　9.E ‎10．B Ⅱ.根据所给汉语提示写出单词 ‎1．________adj.古代的，古老的 ‎2．________n．奖章；象征；表示 ‎3．________adv.现今，现在 ‎4．________adj.身体的；物理的 ‎5．________n．运动员；运动选手 答案：1.ancient　2.medal　3.nowadays　4.physical　5.athlete Ⅲ.根据语境及首字母提示写出正确的单词 ‎1．Which country will h________the next Summer Olympic Games?‎ ‎2．She will c________with Mary in this dancing competition.‎ ‎3．She now helps to teach children in a local school as a v________three days a week.‎ ‎4．He likes doing exercise at the fixed time，and the r______exercise has made him energetic.‎ ‎5．Even though he is a child，he has the courage to take the ‎ responsibility and is willing to a ________ having made mistakes.‎ ‎6．His cell phone was out of order，which made him decide to buy a new one to r________it.‎ ‎7．He was a fierce c________who just wanted to win!‎ 答案：1.host　2.compete　3.volunteer　4.regular ‎5．admit　6.replace　7.competitor Ⅳ.选用短语的适当形式完成句子 used to; take part in; stand for；every four years；compete with; play an important role in; as well; as a matter of fact; be admitted into; take responsibility for ‎1．They usually get together________________．‎ ‎2．________________， he had received an invitation from his boss to attend the party.‎ ‎3．Do you know what those letters________________？‎ ‎4．The manager should____________________the failure of the plan.‎ ‎5．The gentleman always________________activities which are designed to help the homeless.‎ ‎6．Tom often loses his temper and is unfriendly to others______.‎ ‎7．In order to________his opponent (对手) in the coming competition, he is busy preparing now.‎ ‎8．With the help of his colleagues，he________ finally _________ ‎ the big company.‎ ‎9．He________go fishing at weekends, but now he likes playing table tennis.‎ ‎10．His advice has________________the construction (建设)of the bridge.‎ 答案：1.every four years　2.As a matter of fact　3.stand for　4.take responsibility for　5.takes part in　6.as well ‎7．compete with　8.was　admitted into　9.used to ‎10．played an important role in 语篇理解 课文表层理解　‎ Ⅰ.根据课文内容判断正(T)误(F)‎ ‎1．The Summer Olympics are usually held two years before the Winter Olympics.(　　)‎ ‎2．The athletes live in the local village near the main reception hall.(　　)‎ ‎3．There are running races and football games in the Summer Olympics.(　　)‎ ‎4．Now many countries can take part if their athletes are good enough.(　　)‎ ‎5．There is as much competition among countries to host Olympics as to win Olympic medals.(　　)‎ 答案：1.F　2.F　3.T　4.T　5.T Ⅱ.读课文，回答问题 ‎1．Where was Pausanias' homeland?‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎2．Who can be allowed to take part in the modern Olympic Games?‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎3．List three kinds of people who could not take part in the ancient Olympic Games.‎ ‎①________②________③________‎ ‎4．Why do so many countries want to host the Olympic Games?‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎5．What makes Pausanias happy about the modern Olympic Games?‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ 答案：1.Ancient Greece.‎ ‎2．Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event.‎ ‎3．①slaves　②women　③people from other countries ‎4．Because it's a great responsibility as well as a great honour for them to host the Olympic Games.‎ ‎5．The motto of the Olympics “Swifter，Higher and ‎ Stronger”．‎ Ⅲ.根据课文内容完成下表 ‎(1)________‎ Differences between the ancient and modern ‎ Olympics ‎★held every ‎(2)______‎ ‎★events：running ‎ races and ‎ horse riding ‎★no(3)______‎ for winners ‎★motto：‎ ‎(4)______，‎ Higher and ‎ Stronger ‎★seen as the ‎ most important ‎ competition ‎★for the ‎(5)______‎ of winning Name Ancient Olympics Modern Olympics sets one set of Games Two sets of ‎ Games Summer ‎ and Winter ‎ Olympic Games ‎(6)____‎ only Greece any country ‎(7)____‎ only from ‎ Greece and ‎ ‎(8)______ ‎ were not allowed from all over ‎ the world prize the olive wreath ‎(9)________‎ Olympic ‎ village no yes ‎(10)____‎ fewer more than 250‎ 答案：1.Similarities　2.four years　3.prize money ‎4．Swifter　5.honour　6.hosts　7.athletes ‎8．women and slaves　9.medals　10.sports 课文深层理解 Ⅰ.读课文，完成下列各题 ‎1．What is the main idea of the passage?‎ The passage is mainly about the similarities and ________ about the ancient Olympics and ________ Olympics.‎ ‎2．What is the writing form of this passage?‎ The passage is organized in a style of ________．‎ 答案：1.differences　modern　2.dialogue/talk/conversation Ⅱ.仔细阅读课文，选择最佳选项 ‎1．Who can be admitted to the present Olympic Games?‎ A．All the athletes from all over the world.‎ B．Athletes from the Greek world.‎ C．Athletes who can reach the required standard.‎ D．Athletes from the developed countries.‎ ‎2．Who could take part in the ancient Olympics in Greece?‎ A．Greek nobles. B．Greek slaves.‎ C．Greek women. D．English nobles.‎ ‎3．Which word can best describe Pausanias' feeling?‎ A．Disappointed. B．Angry.‎ C．Sad. D．Surprised.‎ ‎4．Which of the following is true?‎ A．Pausanias wasn't interested in the Olympics.‎ B．It is easy to win the right to host the Olympics.‎ C．Almost every country wants to host the Olympics.‎ D．It costs little money to host the Olympics.‎ ‎5．Which event will you see in the Winter Olympics?‎ A．110m hurdles. B．Skiing.‎ C．Horse riding. D．Swimming.‎ 答案：1.C　2.A　3.D　4.C　5.B Ⅲ.领会句子所用的句型并译成汉语 ‎1．That's why they're called the Winter Olympics.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎2．It's in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races，together with swimming，sailing and all the team sports.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎3．Women are not only allowed，but play a very important role in gymnastics，athletics，team sports and... ‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎4．This is important because the more you speak English，the better your English will become.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ 答案：1.那就是它们被称为冬季奥运会的原因。‎ ‎2．正是在夏季奥运会上才有赛跑、游泳、帆船和所有的团体体育项目。‎ ‎3．妇女不仅允许参加，而且她们还在体操、竞技和团队项目中起着非常重要的作用……‎ ‎4．这很重要，因为你说得越多，你的英语就越好。‎ 知识聚焦 讲练互动 要点直击 ‎1．compete vi.竞争；比赛 ‎(教材原句P9)How many countries competed in the ancient Olympic Games?‎ 古代奥运会有多少国家参加比赛？‎ ‎ 归纳拓展 compete for为……而比赛/竞争 compete against/with与……竞争/比赛 compete in参加……的比赛 competition n．竞争；角逐 competitive adj.竞争的 competitor n．竞争者 ‎(1)I will compete ________ the English contest.‎ 我将参加英语比赛。‎ ‎(2)We can't ________ them on price.‎ 我们在价格上无法与他们竞争。‎ ‎(3)Young children will usually ________ their mother's attention.‎ 小孩子通常会在母亲面前争宠。‎ ‎(4)48 teams compete to gain the championship.‎ 有48支队伍争夺冠军。‎ 答案：(1)in　(2)compete with/against　(3)compete for ‎[语境串记]‎ More than 10，000 competitors from different countries came to Beijing to compete with each other in the competitive games for medals.‎ 来自不同国家的10 000多名参赛选手来到北京为了奖牌而在激烈的比赛中相互竞争。‎ ‎ 即学即练 用compete的适当形式及其短语填空。‎ As the youngest ________，John will compete ________ the writing contest ________ 30 other top students ________ the annual award of writing.So he must be very ________ so that he could win in the ________. ‎ 答案：competitor　in　with/against　for　competitive competition ‎2．take part in参加；参与 ‎(教材原句P9)Who could not take part in the ancient Olympic Games?‎ 谁不能参加古代奥运会？‎ ‎ 归纳拓展 take part in是惯用词组，part前一般不用冠词，但当part前有形容词修饰时，要用不定冠词。其后不跟宾语时，不用介词in。‎ ‎(1)Miss Zhang gave me a chance to ________ designing the class poster.‎ 张老师给了我一个参加班级海报设计的机会。‎ ‎(2)Generally speaking，the teacher hopes that each of us takes an active part in sports.‎ 通常来说，老师希望我们每个人都积极参加体育活动。‎ ‎(3)There will be a party on this weekend.Would you like to ________？‎ 这个周末有个晚会，你想参加吗？‎ 答案：(1)take part in　(3)take part ‎ 易混辨析 attend/join/join in/take part in 易混词 区别 attend 指参加会议、上课、上学、听报告等 join 指加入某组织、团体，成为其中的一员 join in 指参加某种活动，后面接的宾语一般是表示竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动的名词或动名词 take part in 指参加群众性的活动、会议，往往指参加并持积极态度，起一定作用 ‎[一言辨异]‎ I often attend a meeting and sometimes I take part in its discussion.‎ 我经常出席会议，有时参加大会的讨论。‎ ‎ 即学即练 用attend，join，join in，take part in的适当形式填空。‎ ‎(1)All the League members ________ the meeting，at which ten students ________ the League.‎ ‎(2)All the family ________ me ________ wishing you a happy future.‎ ‎(3)Boys and girls，all of you should go to ________ the lecture this afternoon.‎ ‎(4)John ________ the sports meeting yesterday.‎ 答案：(1)attended　joined　(2)join　in　(3)attend　(4)took part in ‎3．stand for代表；主张；支持；容忍；接受 ‎(教材原句P9)What do the five rings on the Olympic flag stand for?‎ 奥林匹克旗上的五环代表什么？‎ ‎ 归纳拓展 stand out更为重要；显眼；突出 stand up站立，站起，起立 stand by遵守诺言(或协议等)；帮助；支持；无动于衷；袖手旁观 ‎(1)I ________ freedom of speech for everyone.‎ 我主张人人都有言论自由。‎ ‎(2)We are not prepared to ________ and let them close our schools.‎ 我们不会袖手旁观，听任他们关闭我们的学校。‎ ‎(3)I think black lettering will ________ best on a yellow sign.‎ 我认为黄色标志上用黑色字体最醒目。‎ ‎(4)I'm really tired，for ________________ all day.‎ 我真的累坏了，我站了一整天了。‎ 答案：(1)stand for　(2)stand by　(3)stand out ‎(4)I've been standing up ‎ 即学即练 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。‎ ‎(1)She is sure to ________ you in times of trouble.‎ ‎(2)Her talents ________ in comparison with the others.‎ ‎(3)PO________ postal order.‎ ‎(4)Please ________ when I call your name.‎ 答案：(1)stand by　(2)stand out　(3)stands for ‎(4)stand up ‎4．admit vi.&vt.承认；容许；接纳 ‎(教材原句P10)Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.‎ 只有那些达到各自体育项目统一标准的运动员才有资格成为参赛者。‎ ‎ 归纳拓展 admit (to) sth承认(事实、过错等)‎ admit (to) doing/having done sth承认做过某事 admit that...承认……‎ admit sb to be/as...承认某人是……；接纳某人为……‎ admit...to/into...允许……加入/进入……‎ admission n．承认；坦白；入场费；准入；录用 ‎(1)The prisoner has admitted his guilt.‎ 这个犯人已供认了他自己的罪行。‎ ‎(2)He admitted ________ the car.‎ 他承认偷了那辆汽车。‎ ‎(3)It is now generally ________ a mistake.‎ 如今人们普遍接受这是个错误。‎ ‎(4)We all admitted him to be honest/to be an honest man.‎ 我们都承认他是一个诚实的人。‎ ‎(5)Only ticket－holders will ______________ the stadium.‎ 只有持票者才可进入体育场。‎ 答案：(2)stealing/having stolen　(3)admitted as/to be　(5)be admitted into ‎[重点提示]‎ 作“承认，招认”解时，admit (to) doing sth这一结构的用法：注意to可有可无，切记不可将to当作不定式符号；作“接纳；允许进入”解时，与介词to/into搭配。‎ ‎ 即学即练 ‎(1)单句改错。‎ Do you admit to take these books without telling anybody?‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎(2)句型转换。‎ ‎①We all admit that he is foolish.‎ ‎→We all admit him ________．‎ ‎②He admitted that he had finished the work.‎ ‎→He admitted ________ the work.‎ 答案：(1)take→taking　(2)①to be foolish　②having finished/finishing ‎5．as well也；又；还。为固定短语，常用于口语，多用在句末。‎ ‎(教材原句P10)For each Olympics，a special village is built for them to live in，a main reception building，several stadiums for competitions，and a gymnasium as well.‎ 每届奥运会都有一个特殊的村庄(奥运村)供参赛的人住，一个主要的接待大楼，好几个供比赛用的体育场，还有一个室内体育馆。‎ ‎ 归纳拓展 as well常位于句末，无须用逗号与句子分开 as well as“和；又”常用于句中，连接两个并列句子成分 may/might as well还是……为好；只好……‎ ‎(1)I can play the guitar，and I can sing as well(＝I can also sing)．‎ 我不但会弹吉他，而且还能演唱。‎ ‎(2)Helen as well as I is eager to see the performance.‎ 我和海伦都希望看这场演出。‎ ‎(3)Now that we have been in Hainan，we ________ buy some goods.‎ 既然我们已经来到海南，我们不妨买一些商品。‎ ‎[名师点津]　as well as连接的两个名词或代词在句中作主语时，谓语动词在人称和数上与它前面的名词或代词一致。‎ ‎(4)Many students as well as Tom ________ present at the meeting.‎ 汤姆和许多学生都参加了会议。‎ 答案：(3)may as well　(4)were ‎ 易混辨析 as well/also/too/either 易混词 区别 例句 as well 用于肯定句，只用于句末，其前一般不用逗号 He plays the piano as well.‎ 他也弹钢琴。‎ also 用于肯定句，用在句中 He also plays the piano.‎ 他也弹钢琴。‎ too 用于肯定句，通常用在句末，前面有逗号 He plays the piano，too.‎ 他也弹钢琴。‎ either 多用于否定句句末 He doesn't play the piano either.‎ 他也不弹钢琴。‎ ‎ 即学即练 选词填空：as well/too/also/either/as well as。‎ ‎(1)Tom went to Beijing and Jane went to Beijing，________．‎ ‎(2)I can't play the violin.He can't，________．‎ ‎(3)He is good at English.He is ________ good at German.‎ ‎(4)He gave me money and advice ________．‎ ‎(5)Your sister ________ you is friendly to us.‎ 答案：(1)too　(2)either　(3)also　(4)as well ‎(5)as well as ‎6．replace v．代替；取代；把……放回原处；替换；调换 ‎(教材原句P10)So even the olive wreath has been replaced!‎ 就连橄榄枝花环也被取代了！‎ ‎ 归纳拓展 replace sth/sb with/by以……代替/替换……‎ replace sb/sth＝take sb's/sth's place＝take the place of sb/sth取代；代替……‎ in one's/sth's place＝in place of sb/sth替代……‎ instead of代替；而不是 ‎(1)I'll ________ the old computer ________ a new one.‎ 我将用一台新电脑代替这台旧的。‎ ‎(2)The salesgirl said the TV set could________if we were not satisfied.‎ 女售货员说如果我们对这台电视机不满意，她可以给换一台。‎ ‎(3)Please replace the book on the shelf.‎ 请把书放回到书架上。‎ 答案：(1)replace　with/by　(2)be replaced ‎ 即学即练 ‎(1)句型转换。‎ John will be in place of Tom in the game.‎ ‎→John will ________________ Tom in the game.‎ ‎→John will ________________ Tom in the game.‎ ‎(2)用所给词的适当形式填空。‎ Sending e－mail has almost ________ (place) writing letters.‎ 答案：(1)take the place of　replace　(2)replaced ‎7．charge n．费用；主管；看管；责任　v．收费；控诉；要价；指控 ‎(教材原句P12)duty to be in charge and get in trouble if things go wrong 如果出现问题，有负责和介入麻烦事的责任 ‎(1)n.费用；主管；看管；责任 ‎ 归纳拓展 in charge主管；看管 in charge of主管；看管；负责 in the charge of在……掌管之下 take charge of负责；掌管 free of charge免费的 ‎①An experienced teacher is in charge of this class.‎ 一位有经验的老师负责这个班。‎ ‎②This class is __________________ an experienced teacher.‎ 这个班由一位有经验的老师负责。‎ ‎③The company was badly organized until she took charge of it.‎ 直到她掌管，这家公司一直管理很差。‎ ‎④Going to public concerts is often ________．‎ 去公共音乐会经常是免费的。‎ ‎(2)vt.收费；控诉；要价；指控 ‎ 归纳拓展 charge sb for sth为……向某人收费/要价 charge sb with sth/doing sth指控某人做了某事 ‎⑤She charged me twenty dollars for fixing my mobile phone.‎ 她收我20美元为我修理手机。‎ ‎⑥The police are going to charge him ________ murder.‎ 警方准备控告他谋杀罪。‎ 答案：②in the charge of　④free of charge　⑥with ‎[语境串记]‎ The man who had taken charge of the factory was charged with bribe－taking，because he received a large amount of money from a department manager in charge of the manufacturing.‎ 负责这家工厂的那个人被指控受贿，因为他收了负责生产的部门经理的一大笔钱。‎ ‎ 即学即练 单句语法填空。‎ ‎(1)I'll be ________ (charge) when Mr Smith is away.‎ ‎(2)The park is ______ (charge) of the city government.‎ ‎(3)She charged me five yuan __________ repairing the machine.‎ ‎(4)She was charged ________ parking against rules.‎ 答案：(1)in charge　(2)in the charge　(3)for　(4)with ‎8．pick up拾起；捡起 ‎(教材原句P14)When she stops to pick it up，you will be able to run past her and win.‎ 当她停下来捡金苹果时，你就可以跑过她并且获胜。‎ ‎ 归纳拓展 pick up的汉语意思很多，归纳如下：‎ 学会、认识属偶然，接人、乘搭车和船；‎ 身体、生意有好转，站起、跟踪求发现。‎ 捡起、收听靠手段，辨认、勾搭和感染；‎ 收集、整理话重提，加速、营救替付钱。‎ ‎(1)He picked up a girl at the cinema last night.‎ 他昨晚在电影院认识了一个女孩。‎ ‎(2)She picked up Japanese when she was in Japan.‎ 她在日本时学会了说日语。‎ ‎(3)You'll soon pick up health when you get to the seaside.‎ 你到了海滨就会很快恢复健康。‎ ‎(4)His trade is picking up again.‎ 他的生意又开始有起色了。‎ ‎(5)I'll pick you up at nine o'clock.‎ 我9点来接你。‎ ‎(6)The bus picks up passengers outside the airport.‎ 大巴在机场外接乘客。‎ ‎ 即学即练 把下列句子中的pick up翻译成汉语。‎ ‎(1)If you go to England，you'll soon pick up English.‎ ‎________‎ ‎(2)Pick up your luggage and let's start off.‎ ‎________‎ ‎(3)He picked up a cold at school.‎ ‎________‎ ‎(4)Our business began to pick up this year.‎ ‎________‎ ‎(5)He picked up the story where he had left it the day before.‎ ‎________‎ ‎(6)I managed to pick up an American news broadcast.‎ ‎________‎ ‎(7)The train was gradually picking up speed.‎ ‎________‎ 答案：(1)学会　(2)收拾　(3)患上　(4)好转/有起色　(5)接着讲　(6)收听　(7)加速 ‎9．deserve vt.&vi.值得；应得；应受(一般不用于进行时态)‎ ‎(教材原句P14)Do you think Hippomenes deserved to win the ‎ race?‎ 你认为希波墨涅斯应该(算)赢吗？‎ ‎ 归纳拓展 deserve＋n./pron.值得……；应得……‎ deserve to do...应该做……‎ deserve doing＝deserve to be done值得被做 ‎(1)What have I done to deserve this?‎ 我做了什么事而得到这种待遇呢？‎ ‎(2)What he did deserves praise.‎ ‎＝What he did deserves ________．‎ ‎＝What he did deserves ________．‎ 他所做的值得表扬。‎ ‎(3)They didn't deserve ________．‎ 他们不该赢。‎ 答案：(2)to be praised　praising　(3)to win ‎【特别提醒】‎ deserve后接doing，其主语与do是逻辑上的动宾关系，用主动形式表示被动意义，相当于接动词不定式的被动形式。有相同用法的动词还有：need，want，require(需要)等。‎ My bike needs repairing/to be repaired.‎ 我的自行车需要修理了。‎ ‎ 即学即练 用括号内单词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎(1)Your suggestion deserves ________ (consider)．‎ ‎(2)They didn't deserve ________ (lose) the match.‎ 答案：(1)consideration/considering/to be considered ‎(2)to lose ‎10．(教材原句P10)It's in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races，together with swimming，sailing and all the team sports.‎ 跑步、游泳、划船和所有团体项目是在夏季奥运会上进行的。‎ ‎[句式分析]‎ 强调句型的结构为“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who...”。即使被强调部分是复数，强调句仍用“It is/was...that/who...”。该句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的句子成分，被强调的可以是名词、代词，也可以是短语或句子。‎ ‎①________ yesterday ________ I met my English teacher in the street.‎ 就是昨天我在街上遇到了我的英语老师。‎ ‎[语法拓展]‎ 如果被强调的部分是特殊疑问词，强调句式为：“特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？”‎ ‎②________ is it that he wants to see?‎ 他究竟想看到什么？‎ ‎③________ you met him?‎ 你是在哪儿遇到他的？‎ ‎④The question is which book it is that you want to borrow.‎ 问题是你究竟想借哪本书。‎ ‎⑤It was about three years ago that he left school.‎ 是在大约3年前他离开了学校。‎ 注意：(1)在强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，一律用that，而不用when，where，why或how。千万不要与定语从句混淆。‎ ‎(2)强调主语时从句中谓语动词的数要与被强调的主语保持一致。‎ ‎⑥It is I who ________ wrong.‎ 是我错了。‎ ‎⑦It is you who are wrong.‎ 是你错了。‎ ‎(3)强调not...until结构时，not要放在until之前，即It is/was not until...that...‎ ‎⑧It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized her.‎ 直到她摘下墨镜时我才认出她。‎ 答案：①It was　that　②What　③Where was it that　⑥am ‎ 即学即练 在空白处填入适当的词。‎ ‎(1)________ was Jane that I saw in the library this morning.‎ ‎(2)It ________ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago.‎ ‎(3)It was in Qingdao ________ I saw the sea for the first time.‎ 答案：(1)It　(2)was　(3)that ‎11．(教材原句P10)Women are not only allowed，but play a very important role in gymnastics，athletics，team sports and...‎ 妇女不仅允许参加，而且她们还在体操、竞技和团体项目等比赛中起着非常重要的作用……‎ ‎[句式分析]‎ ‎(1)句中“not only...but...”结构意为“不仅……，而且……”，其中but后省略了also。‎ 注意：这一结构连接的是两个并列成分，所以它前后连接的句子成分应保持一致。‎ ‎①Not only I but also my teacher likes music.‎ 不仅我，我的老师也喜欢音乐。‎ ‎②We were not only ________，but also tired.‎ 我们不但饿了，而且也累了。‎ ‎(2)not only...but (also)．..连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的人称与数遵循“就近原则”。‎ ‎③Not only the students but also the teacher ________ against the plan.‎ 不但学生们反对这个计划，老师也反对。‎ ‎(3)not only...but (also)．..连接两个分句，且not only位于句首时，not only后的分句需部分倒装。‎ ‎④Not only does the sun give us light，but also it gives us heat.‎ 太阳给我们提供光与热。‎ ‎⑤Not only ________ himself interested in football，but also his students are beginning to show interest in it.‎ 不但他自己对足球感兴趣，而且他的学生们也开始对足球感兴趣了。‎ ‎(4)该结构中的also有时可以忽略，或将also换成too，as well(置于句末)。‎ ‎⑥He not only washed the car，but polished it too/as well.‎ 他不仅冲洗汽车，而且还擦拭了它。‎ 答案：②hungry　③was　⑤is he ‎ 即学即练 单句语法填空。‎ ‎(1)Not only Zhouxia but also her parents ________ (be)fond of watching football games.‎ ‎(2)We go there not only in winter ________ in summer.‎ ‎(3)Not only ________ they need clothing，but they are also short of water.‎ 答案：(1)are　(2)but　(3)do ‎12．(教材原句P10)There's as much competition among countries ‎ to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.‎ 国家之间争取奥运会主办权的竞争与争夺奥运会奖牌的竞争同样激烈。‎ ‎[句式分析]‎ 句中“as much...as...”意为“跟……是一样地……”(表示程度)。‎ ‎①It is as much our responsibility as yours.‎ 这是你们的责任，同样也是我们的责任。 ‎ ‎[语法拓展]‎ ‎“as...as...”的常用结构还有：‎ ‎(1)“as much＋不可数名词＋as”像……一样多的……(表示数量)‎ ‎②He has as much money as John does.‎ 他和约翰一样有钱。‎ ‎(2)“as many＋复数名词＋as”像……一样多的……‎ ‎③There are not ________ there were.‎ 现在餐馆没有过去多了。‎ ‎(3)“as much/many as”……之多；多达……‎ ‎④She trained hard for the race，sometimes running ________ 60 miles a week.‎ 为了比赛，她拼命地训练，有时一个星期要跑60英里。‎ ‎(4)“as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as”像……一样的一个……⑤Mary is ________ Daisy.‎ 玛丽和黛西是一样漂亮的女孩。‎ ‎(5)“as...as possible或as...as one can/could”尽量……‎ ‎⑥You ought to rest as much as possible.‎ ‎＝You ought to rest as much as you can.‎ 你应当尽量多休息。‎ 答案：③so many restaurants as　④as many as ‎⑤as beautiful a girl as ‎ 即学即练 翻译句子。‎ ‎(1)这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎(2)你的袋子比我的贵一倍。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎(3)她烧菜烧得跟她母亲一样好。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ 答案：(1)This film is as interesting as that one.‎ ‎(2)Your bag is twice as expensive as mine.‎ ‎(3)She cooks as well as her mother does.‎ 应用落实 Ⅰ.单句改错 每句中有1处错误，找出并改正。‎ ‎1．Before writing the report，he decided to interview with some people first.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎2．When asked，he admitted cheat in the exam.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎3．He is such a person that nobody can replace with him.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎4．After school，the students walked out of the classroom one after other.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎5．It was tomorrow when I'll leave for Shanghai.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎6．I will compete against them for English speech.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎7．The school is in charge of Mr Smith.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎8．When you are in trouble，please ask help from your friends.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎9．Students as well as their teacher is wishing for a holiday.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎10．He decided to travel by car instead of train.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ 答案：1.去掉with　2.cheat→cheating　3.去掉with ‎4．other→another　5.when→that　6.for→in　7.charge前加the　‎ ‎8.ask后加for　9.is→are　10.of后加by Ⅱ.用括号内单词的适当形式填空 ‎1．It's said that about 50________(compete) from 20 countries will take part in the race.‎ ‎2．When the lights are on，the Washington Monument becomes a________(magic) sight at night.‎ ‎3．Over 10，000 people competed in the city walking on a daily________(base) near the lake.‎ ‎4．Millions of visitors to this beautiful part of America have a special ________ (responsible) to protect the land.‎ ‎5．It is a________(physic) change，so you realize it.‎ ‎6．When a person feels alone，depressed and ________ (hope)，he will choose to kill himself.‎ ‎7．It was very________(fool) of you to leave your new bike outside without locking it.‎ ‎8．It is certainly true that people who ________ (regular) have breakfast tend to be slimmer and healthier.‎ ‎9．Peter was happy to know that he had been ________(admit) as a member of the football team.‎ ‎10．There are some________(similar) between American and British English.‎ 答案：1.competitors　2.magical　3.basis ‎4．responsibility　5.physical　6.hopeless　7.foolish ‎8．regularly　9.admitted　10.similarities Ⅲ.选用短语的适当形式完成句子 take part in；stand for；as well；in charge；one after another；find out；pick up；hear of ‎1．The boys took off their coats and jumped into the swimming pool________．‎ ‎2．—Henry，have you________the latest car using solar energy?‎ ‎—Yes.But I haven't decided whether to buy one.‎ ‎3．The letters UN________the United Nations，which is an international organization.‎ ‎4．When I hurried to the hospital，the doctor________was explaining what my father's treatment would be like.‎ ‎5．All the villagers，men and women，old and young，____________the battle against the drought last week.‎ ‎6．The children were busy________sea shells at the seashore by twos and threes.‎ ‎7．His daughter can ride a horse and swim；she can shoot______.‎ ‎8．Will you please try to________when the train from Changsha will arrive in Beijing for me?‎ 答案：1.one after another　2.heard of　3.stand for ‎4．in charge　5.took part in　6.picking up　7.as well ‎8．find out 语法突破 触类旁通 语法精讲 一般将来时态的被动语态 ‎[例句观察]‎ ‎①Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.‎ ‎②I shall be invited to speak at the opening ceremony tomorrow.‎ ‎③They won't be stopped outside the stadium.They have tickets.‎ ‎④We shan't be asked to be there before eight.‎ ‎⑤Will he be cheered up by the watchers when competing in the race?‎ ‎⑥Shall I be admitted into the stadium?‎ ‎⑦When will these old buildings be pulled down?‎ ‎⑧The government is going to build a new school next year and it is going to be built in the poor village.‎ ‎⑨No books are to be taken out of the reading room.‎ ‎[我的发现]　‎ ‎(1)上述例句黑体部分的时态为“________的被动语态”。‎ ‎(2)例句①②为该语态的肯定句，谓语部分结构是：________。‎ ‎(3)例句③④为该语态的否定句，谓语部分结构是：________。‎ ‎(4)例句⑤⑥为该语态的一般疑问句，谓语部分结构是：________＋主语＋________？‎ ‎(5)例句⑦为该语态的特殊疑问句，谓语部分结构是：________＋________＋主语＋________？‎ ‎(6)例句⑧⑨为该语态的另外两种常用表达方式：________和________。‎ 答案：(1)一般将来时　(2)will/shall be done　(3)won't/shan't be done ‎(4)will/shall　be done　(5)特殊疑问词　will/shall　be done　(6)be going to be done　be to be done 一、定义 一般将来时的被动语态表示在现在看来将来某一时刻或时段里即将要发生的被动动作。句中常有tomorrow，soon，next year，in a few days，in the future，sometime等时间状语。‎ 二、结构 ‎1．基本结构。‎ ‎(1)肯定式：will/shall be done；其中will可用于各种人称，shall多用于第一、三人称。‎ If you park your car here，you will be fined.‎ 如果你将车停在这儿，你将被罚款。‎ We can ensure that the work shall be done on time.‎ 我们能保证按时完成工作。‎ ‎(2)否定式：will/shall not be done；其中will not和shall not 可缩写成won't和shan't。‎ The meeting won't be held tomorrow.‎ 明天不举行会议。‎ Persons under 18 shall not be employed in night work in the USA.‎ 在美国，十八岁以下的人不能被雇佣在晚上工作。‎ ‎(3)疑问式：一般疑问式“will/shall(not) be done”；特殊疑问式“特殊疑问词＋will/shall＋(not)＋be done”。‎ Will a new plan be put forward at the meeting this afternoon?‎ 今天下午的会议上会有什么新计划提出吗？‎ When will these books be published?‎ 这些书将在什么时候出版？‎ ‎2．其他结构。‎ ‎(1)am/is/are going to be done表示计划、安排或打算被做 These letters are going to be typed and sent off very soon.‎ 这些信件将很快打好并发出。‎ ‎(2)am/is/are to be done表示注定要、一定会被做或计划、安排将要发生的被动动作 The machines are to be repaired tonight.‎ 今晚一定会修理这些机器。‎ ‎(3)am/is/are about to be done 表示立即或马上就要发生的被动动作 The polluted water is about to be cleaned。‎ 被污染的水即将被净化。‎ ‎(4)am/is/are done用于状语从句中表示将来要发生或完成的被动动作 When our classroom is decorated，it is will be more beautiful.‎ 当我们的教室被装修完毕时，它一定会更加漂亮。‎ ‎(5)will/shall＋get done The workers will get paid before the end of December.‎ 这些工人将在12月月底前拿到工资。‎ 三、用法 ‎1．表示按计划或安排在将来某时刻或某时段里要发生的被动动作。‎ A lot of friends will be invited to my birthday party.‎ 我的很多朋友将被邀请来参加我的生日聚会。‎ A new English Corner is going to be organized by the Student Union.‎ 学生会将组织一个新的英语角活动。‎ ‎2．表示某种条件下将来会发生或完成的被动动作(常见于状语从句中)。‎ If I am given enough time，I will do it better.‎ 给我足够的时间，我会做得更好。‎ I need one more stamp before my collection is completed.‎ 在我收集完成之前，我还需要一张邮票。‎ We'll start as soon as the work has been finished.‎ 工作一完成我们就立即动身。‎ ‎3．表示在固有条件或规律下产生的被动结果。‎ Will water be turned into ice when it is below freezing point?‎ 如果温度在冰点之下，水会变成冰吗？‎ A friend that you buy with presents will be bought from you.‎ 用礼物“买来”的朋友终会被买走。(英语名言)‎ 四、注意事项 ‎1．使用一般将来时的被动语态时，学生容易遗漏被动式中的“be”，否定句中也要注意“not”的位置。‎ It is reported that the old office building will be torn down in two months.‎ 据报道，这座旧办公楼两个月后将拆除。‎ The trees on the hill will not be totally destroyed.‎ 山上的树将不会完全被毁坏。‎ ‎2．在及物动词短语的被动语态中不要漏掉短语中的介词或副词。‎ All means will be made full use of to solve the problem.‎ 要充分利用一切方法来解决问题。‎ ‎3．含有双宾语的主动句变为被动语态时，应根据需要将其中的一个宾语变成被动句的主语，另一个宾语保留不变。‎ My aunt will buy me a shirt as my birthday present.‎ ‎→I will be bought a shirt(by my aunt)as my birthday present.‎ 我姑姑将要给我买件衬衫作为我的生日礼物。‎ ‎[名师点津]　如果把直接宾语改为主语，则在间接宾语前加to或for。如上句可以改为：‎ A shirt will be bought(by my aunt)for me as my birthday present.‎ 语法冲关 Ⅰ.完成句子(用所给词的正确形式填空)‎ ‎1．The child ________ (take) good care of in the next two months here.‎ ‎2．A new film ________ (show) at the cinema next week.‎ ‎3．The problem is going to ________ (discuss) at the meeting tomorrow.‎ ‎4．I promise that this matter ________ (take) care of next week.‎ ‎5．Hundreds of jobs ________ (lose) if the factory closes.‎ ‎6．The old temple in my hometown ________ (rebuild) next month.‎ ‎7．Can you tell me by whom this lecture ________ (give) this afternoon?‎ ‎8．The mistakes in the exercises will ________ (correct) by the teacher.‎ ‎9．Is this bridge going to ________ (complete) before the end of this year?‎ ‎10．The new book ________ (publish) next week.‎ 答案：1.will be taken　2.will be shown　3.be discussed　4.will be taken　5.will be lost　6.will be rebuilt　7.will be given　8.be corrected　9.be completed　10.will be published Ⅱ.单句改错 每句中有1处错误，找出并改正。‎ ‎1．A new dress will bought for me next week.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎2．The factory is built next year.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎3．The trees are going to transplant in April.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎4．If I will be invited to the dinner，I will be quite happy.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎5．After the letter sends to his friends，he hurries home.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ 答案：1.will后加be　2.is改为will be　3.transplant改为be transplanted　4.第一个will be改为am　5.sends改为is sent Ⅲ.语法填空 在句中空白处填上适当的内容(1个单词)‎ 或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ I always begin my journey from Olympic in Greece 1.________ the ancient Games were first held.I'm usually lit by the sun there and carried by many runners from different countries.Many people come to watch 2.________ I travel through their countries to the host city.However，only the best athletes carry me！It's a great honour and many athletes hope to get the chance 3.________(do) so.The greatest honour is to be the last athlete who carries me into the stadium where the Games 4.________ (hold)．The last athlete gets the opportunity to light the Olympic fire.That fire will 5.________(burn) for the whole period of the Games and 6.________ (put) out when the Games end.‎ Two special sets of Olympics are held.One is for people with physical 7.________(difficulty) and the other for those with 8.________ (learn) difficulties.I am always happy 9.________(see) athletes help each other and feel excited when new countries get Olympic medals. It is a wonderful experience to be a bridge 10.________ the ancient and the modern Olympic Games.Long may the Olympics continue!‎ 答案：1.where/in which　2.as　3.to do　4.will be held ‎5．burn　6.will be put　7.difficulties　8.learning ‎9．to see　10.between 泛读提效 视野延伸 语篇理解 快速阅读“Reading 2”中的材料，回答以下问题 ‎1．What's the main idea of the passage?‎ This is a story of how a man____________a princess by________a race with a Goddess' help.‎ ‎2．Why do you think Atlanta was not allowed to compete in the Olympic Games?‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎3．List three rules Atlanta made from the text.‎ ‎①____________________________________________________‎ ‎②____________________________________________________‎ ‎③____________________________________________________‎ ‎4．What do the words in bold mean?‎ So many of them sadly went home, but others stayed to run the race.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎5．Try to find out at least three proper English words to describe Hippomenes.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ 答案：1.married　running ‎2．Because no women were allowed to compete in the Olympic Games in Ancient Greek.‎ ‎3．①She will run against the man who wants to marry her.‎ ‎②He who cannot run as fast as her will be killed.‎ ‎③No one will be pardoned.‎ ‎4．take part in the race ‎5．brave, wise/clever, strong－willed 要点直击 ‎1．(教材原句P14)She was so angry that she said to her father that she would not marry anyone who could not run faster than her.‎ 她非常生气，就对她的父亲说，她不会嫁给任何跑不过她的男人。‎ ‎[句式分析]‎ so...that“如此……以至于”，that引导结果状语从句，口语中that可以省略。‎ ‎(1)The suitcase was ________ heavy that I couldn't carry it upstairs.‎ 这个手提箱那么重，我无法把它提到楼上去。‎ ‎(2)He worked so hard that he made great progress.‎ 他工作如此努力，因此取得了巨大的进步。‎ ‎ 归纳拓展 so that＝in order that，引导目的状语从句，该从句中常用情态动词may，might，can，could，will，would和should。‎ so that还可以引导结果状语从句，该从句中一般不用情态动词，前面一般用逗号与主句隔开，这是与so that作目的状语从句的不同之处。‎ ‎(3)I packed him a little food so that he wouldn't be hungry.‎ 我给他包了一点食物，这样他就不会挨饿了。‎ ‎(4)Many contestants later failed drug tests，________ the race had to be rerun.‎ 许多参赛者后来都没有通过药检，以至于赛跑只得重新进行。‎ 注意：‎ such...that和so...that两者都可以表示“如此……以至于……”，但such用来修饰名词(短语)，so用来修饰形容词或副词。‎ 答案：(1)so　(4)so that ‎ 即学即练 用so...that/such...that填空。‎ ‎(1)The boy wrote ________ carefully ________ his parents were very glad.‎ ‎(2)He is ________ clever a boy ________ he can work out the problem.‎ ‎(3)He made ________ great progress ________ his teacher praised him.‎ ‎(4)My sister is ________ a wise girl ________ she can have a good idea.‎ 答案：(1)so　that　(2)so　that　(3)such　that ‎(4)such　that ‎2．(教材原句P16)This is important because the more you speak English，the better your English will become.‎ 这是很重要的，因为你说英语越多，你的英语就会越好。‎ ‎[句式分析]‎ the more...，the better...属于“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”的结构，其意义为“越……，就越……”。在通常情况下，如果主、从句中的谓语动词是系动词be且主语非代词时，此时be常常省略。‎ ‎(1)The higher the ground is，the thinner the air becomes.‎ 地势越高，空气变得就越稀薄。‎ ‎(2)________ you work，________ you will be paid.‎ 你工作得越努力，你得到的报酬就越多。‎ ‎(3)________ they say about the whole thing，________ I'll be.‎ 他们对整件事情议论得越少，我就越高兴。‎ ‎(4)The better I knew her，the more I liked her.‎ 我对她越了解就越喜欢她。‎ ‎[语法拓展]‎ more and more...表示“越来越……”。‎ ‎(5)Computers are becoming more and more complicated.‎ 电脑变得越来越复杂。‎ ‎(6)It's becoming ________________ to find a job.‎ 找工作变得越来越困难了。‎ more than表示“超过”。‎ ‎(7)He was more than seventy years old.‎ 他有七十多岁。‎ 答案：(2)The harder　the more　(3)The less　the happier　(6)more and more difficult ‎[名师点津]　当句意明确时，此句型结构常以省略形式出现。‎ ‎(8)The more，the better.‎ 多多益善。‎ ‎(9)The sooner，the better.‎ 越早越好。‎ ‎ 即学即练 根据汉语意思完成句子。‎ ‎(1)His mother is a hard－working woman.____________ she does for the family，________________ she feels.‎ 他的母亲是一个勤劳的女人。她为家庭付出得越多，她就感到越快乐。‎ ‎(2)______________ your dialogue is，____________ it is.‎ 你们的对话越短越好。‎ ‎(3)The more difficult the problem is，________________ we ‎ should be.‎ 问题越难，我们就应越小心。‎ 答案：(1)The more　the happier　(2)The shorter　the better　(3)the more careful ‎3．(教材原句P14)She was very beautiful and could run faster than any man in Greece.‎ 她很美丽而且比希腊的任何一个男人跑得都快。‎ ‎[句式分析]‎ faster than any...属于“比较级＋than any＋单数可数名词”结构，表示最高级的含义。‎ 比较级表示最高级的常用结构有：‎ 比较级＋than＋ ‎(1)Beijing is ________ in New Zealand.‎ 北京比新西兰任何城市都大。‎ ‎(2)Shanghai is ________ in China.‎ 上海比中国的任何其他城市都大。‎ ‎(3)She sings better than anyone else in her class.‎ 她在班里唱得最好。‎ 答案：(1)bigger than any city　(2)bigger than any other city ‎[语法拓展]‎ 最高级的其他表达法：‎ never＋比较级 nothing/no＋so＋原级＋as...‎ nothing/no＋比较级＋than...‎ ‎(4)No one is so deaf as those who won't listen.‎ 最聋者莫过于不听劝说的人。‎ ‎(5)Nothing is more precious than health.‎ 健康的身体是最宝贵的。‎ ‎ 即学即练 句型转换。‎ ‎(1)The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.‎ ‎→The Yangtze River is ______________________ in China.‎ ‎→The Yangtze River is _____________________ in China.‎ ‎(2)Nothing is better than staying at home at weekends.‎ ‎→Staying at home at weekends is __________________．‎ 答案：(1)longer than any other river　longer than the other rivers　(2)the best thing 阅读技能 细节理解题之辨别正误题解题技法 ‎ 辨别正误题是阅读理解的常见题型。它主要考查读者对语段所揭示事实的判断能力；确认语篇所涉及主要事实的逻辑关系和对细节或是大意以及文章寓意的理解能力。解题时要注意以下几点：‎ ‎1．在了解文章大意的情况下，把握文章的基本事实，并在此基础上列出事实“清单”，做到心中有数。‎ ‎2．准确理解整篇文章的意图，找出段落之间的逻辑关系。‎ ‎3．注意原文中的陈述和题目中相关陈述的表达方法的异同。‎ ‎4．仔细审题，看清题目中相关陈述的表达方法的异同。‎ ‎5．排除法与原文检验法相结合。先排除与文中内容矛盾的选项，再将剩余选项代入文中看是否符合前后逻辑关系。‎ 例如“语篇理解Reading 2”部分第3题A项与文中的“when a man wants to marry me，I will run against him.If he can't run as fast as me，he will be killed”相悖。C、D两项都与上述内容不一致，因此正确选项只能是B项。‎ ‎[试一试]‎ 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断句子的正(T)误(F)‎ Soccer is one of the most popular sports in our modern world.But many years ago，each country had its own kind of soccer game with its own rules.In 1863，a group of people met in England.They made some changes(改变)to the game.They made one set of new rules for every country to follow.After that，soccer teams from different countries could play against each other.Some of the rules are still the same today.Now teams from all over the world take part in the World Cup every four years.It's one of the most important things for all soccer fans.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　足球是世界上最受欢迎的运动之一。许多年前，每个国家都有自己的比赛规则，直到1863年才形成了一套统一的规则。现在世界各地的足球队可以每四年参加一次世界杯比赛。‎ ‎1．Soccer is the only popular sport in our modern world.(　　)‎ ‎2．After 1863，soccer teams from different countries could play against each other.(　　)‎ ‎3．Today，the World Cup is one of the most important things for all soccer fans in the world.(　　)‎ ‎4．The topic of this article is about the World Cup.(　　)‎ ‎1．解析：细节理解题。根据第一句“Soccer is one of the most popular sports in our modern world.”可知，足球不是唯一受欢迎的运动。故本题错误。‎ 答案：F ‎2．解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，1863年后，不同国家的球队之间可以互相比赛。故本题正确。‎ 答案：T ‎3．解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，对于所有足球迷来说，世界杯是最重要的事情之一。‎ 答案：T ‎4．解析：细节理解题。本文重点叙述了全世界统一的足球比赛规则的形成，而不是世界杯。故本题错误。‎ 答案：F 规范写作 技法指导 方法技巧 兴趣爱好类说明文 本单元的写作话题是“描写最喜欢的运动”，在体裁上属于说明文。描写自己或他人感兴趣或爱好的一项运动时，应主要使用说明的方法，也可以穿插一些记叙和议论。写这类作文，要注意说明的语言和顺序。‎ 一、注意事项 ‎1．结构：在结构上，宜采用三段式，即总—分—总的结构。先说明自己最喜欢的运动，然后说明最喜欢的理由，即该项运动带来的好处，最后做一个简单的总结。‎ ‎2．时态：通常用一般现在时，具体情况具体分析，采用恰当的时态。‎ ‎3．语言：运用生动形象、简洁明了的语言。‎ 二、基本框架 ‎1．开头——对某项运动的总体认识。‎ ‎2．主体——描述该项运动的运动规则，中间可适当加些议论。‎ ‎3．结尾——该项运动的好处。‎ 三、经典句式 ‎1．开头常用句式。‎ ‎(1)Of all the sports，I like basketball best.‎ 在所有的运动中，我最喜欢打篮球。‎ ‎(2)Volleyball is my favourite sport.‎ 我最喜欢打排球。‎ ‎(3)People all over the world like jogging.‎ 全世界的人都喜欢慢跑运动。‎ ‎(4)If you ask me which sport I like best，I have to say the swimming.‎ 如果你问我最喜欢哪项运动，我不得不说是游泳。‎ ‎(5)How much do you know about the Yoga?‎ 你对瑜伽了解多少？‎ ‎(6)The first time I saw ping－pong，I fell in love with it.‎ 我第一次看到乒乓球运动，就喜欢上了它。‎ ‎2．主体部分常用句式。‎ ‎(1)I like playing basketball because it is full of competition like our lives.‎ 我喜欢打篮球是因为打篮球就像我们的生活一样充满了竞争。‎ ‎(2)The reason why I like jogging is that it is a moderate exercise.‎ 我喜欢慢跑是因为它是一项温和的运动。‎ ‎(3)My idol is Deng Yaping，who won several ping－pong champions in the world.‎ 我的偶像是邓亚萍，她曾数次在乒乓球运动中获得冠军。‎ ‎(4)At the age of 10，I showed great interest in basketball.‎ ‎10岁时，我就对篮球有了极大的兴趣。‎ ‎(5)Whenever I have time，I will go to the playground to practise running.‎ 我一有空就去操场上练习跑步。‎ ‎(6)I'm planning to take part in a ping－pong club，where I can learn a lot from others.‎ 我打算参加一个乒乓球俱乐部，在那里我可以向别人学习好多东西。‎ ‎3．结尾部分常用句式。‎ ‎(1)I hope in the future I can compete in the Olympic Games as a swimmer.‎ 我希望在将来我能作为游泳运动员参加奥运会。‎ ‎(2)I really want to be a basketball player in the national basketball team when I grow up.‎ 当我长大后我非常想进入国家篮球队。‎ ‎(3)I become more and more stronger and healthier by playing football.‎ 通过踢足球我变得越来越强壮和健康。‎ 精品展示 以“My Favourite Sport—Basketball”为题，写一篇关于你最喜欢的体育运动的短文。‎ 要求：1.说明你最喜欢的体育运动是篮球。‎ ‎2．谈谈你喜欢篮球运动的原因。‎ ‎3．可适当增加细节。‎ ‎4．词数100左右。‎ ‎[写作要点]‎ 介绍或者描述自己或他人的兴趣爱好属于描述文，在本质上属于说明文。写此类文章应注意以下问题：在结构上，宜采用三段式，即总—分—总的结构。先说明自己最喜欢的运动，然后说明喜欢的理由，即该运动带来的好处，最后做一个简单的总结。‎ 可能用到的表达方式：‎ ‎①Of all the sports，I like...best./I like...better than any other sports./I prefer...to other sports.在所有的运动中，我最喜欢……‎ ‎②I like/love/am fond of it because it needs strength and skills./The reason why I like it is that it is a game that needs strength and skills./It needs strength and skills，so I like it.我喜欢它是因为它是需要力量与技巧的运动。‎ ‎③build up one's body增强某人的体质 ‎④cooperate with each other彼此之间相互合作 ‎[范文点评]‎ 范文 点评 My Favourite Sport—Basketball ‎①Of__all__the__sports，I like basketball ‎　　本文结构清晰，行文流畅，用词准确。①‎ ‎ best.Basketball is very popular in China.I② am__also__fond__of basketball stars Yao Ming and Yi Jianlian.I think basketball is a game ③that needs strength and skills.Playing basketball ④is__of__great__benefit to us.It can ⑤not__only make us build up our body but__also keep us healthy.⑥What's__more，it can help us learn to cooperate with each other.⑦In__a__word，my favourite sport is basketball.I want to be a great basketball player，so I will ⑧try__my__best__to practise it.‎ Of all the sports，②be fond of，④be of great benefit，⑧try my best to do sth等短语的准确使用使文章更具可读性；③that引导的定语从句，⑤not only...but also...，⑥What's more，⑦In a word等从句、连词及插入语的使用使文章联系得更紧密 作文仿写 请根据以下要点，以“The sport I like best”为题用英语写一篇100词左右的短文。‎ ‎1．乒乓球不仅是一种运动而且还是一项艺术。‎ ‎2．有人认为打乒乓球不用花力气，我却不这么认为。‎ ‎3．打乒乓球时，我们需要判断球的方向，并用力把它打回去。‎ ‎4．打乒乓球时，你还会发现球快速运动，运动员的动作也很美。‎ ‎5．虽然我打乒乓球打得不是很好，但是我对这项运动很感兴趣，它能使我们强身健体。‎ 注意：可以适当发挥，以使短文连贯、通顺；短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。‎ The sport I like best Of all the sports，I like table tennis best._____________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ 答案：‎ The sport I like best Of__all__the__sports，I__like__table__tennis__best．I think it is not only a sport but also an art，because it is a game that needs strength and skills.‎ Some people think that playing table tennis needs little strength，but I don't think so.When playing table tennis，we should judge the direction of the ball，and hit it back with great strength so that we can win the game.So after one game you will be very tired if you have tried your best.However，as a sport，I think it more like an art.In the game，you can often find the ball moving quickly，and the players'‎ ‎ movements are very beautiful.‎ Though I can't play table tennis very well，I still show great interest in it.I think playing table tennis can build up our bodies，keep us healthy and train our brains.‎ 课后演练 强基提能 A级　基础过关 Ⅰ.语法填空 在句中空白处填上适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．I know you are ready to ________，and I believe you are an excellent ________．(compete)‎ ‎2．The ________ often does exercise to keep his body ________．(athlete)‎ ‎3．The party ________ by the ________ is designed to celebrate his 20th wedding anniversary (结婚周年) with the ________．(host)‎ ‎4．What is stated in this book is totally ________ on truth，which lays a solid ________ for its popularity.(base)‎ ‎5．According to the ________，we should give the machine a ________ check.(regular)‎ ‎6．The class are going to ________ (examine) carefully in the coming test.‎ ‎7．If the meeting ________ (put off) this afternoon，please let me ‎ know as soon as possible.‎ ‎8．I found it ________ (amaze) that the thief should make a “V” gesture at the camera.‎ ‎9．It must have been very ________ (pain) for you to tell her about the accident.‎ ‎10．In my opinion，these letters stand ________ the peace between them.‎ 答案：1.compete　competitor　2.athlete　athletic ‎3．hosted　host　hostess　4.based　basis　5.regulation　regular　6.be examined　7.is put off　8.amazing ‎9．painful　10.for Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子 ‎1．It was ________(直到1920年) regular radio broadcast began.‎ ‎2．He doesn't work ________ (像……一样用功) his sister.‎ ‎3．________ (越难) the problem is，________ (越有兴趣) he becomes.‎ ‎4．He is __________ (如此聪明的男孩) that everyone likes him.‎ ‎5．__________________________(不仅学生们而且他们的老师) is enjoying the film.‎ 答案：1.not until 1920 that　2.as hard as　3.The more difficult　the more interested　4.such a clever boy　5.Not only the students ‎ but also their teacher B级　能力提升 Ⅲ.阅读理解 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。‎ Reports of UFOs and alien visitors go back thousands of years，but do we really have any idea what they are and where they come from?‎ A famous scientist once said，“I want to believe”. That's probably how some of us feel.We want to believe in UFOs and aliens because it gives us hope that life is out there，somewhere，that's something like us.If some other culture，somewhere else in the universe (宇宙)，is able to build spacecraft that can travel the distance between their world and ours，and it gives us hope that we too may one day explore (探索) the stars.‎ One of the best crazy ideas is the idea of the Multiverse (多元宇宙)．The Multiverse is made up of countless possible universes.These universes run parallel(平行地) to our own.Alien visitors may be somehow crossing those universes.They would be visitors from another universe，but perhaps not exactly what we've always thought.Maybe they are visiting a lot of different universes besides our own.‎ Some other people believe the Earth is hollow (中空的)，and inside there is another world.The gates to this world are at the poles(极点)，and through these openings our “neighbours” come out to explore our side of the globe.What people are seeing and calling UFOs are the ships driven by the inner－earth neighbours.‎ This is called Hollow Earth Theory.Back in 1947，explorer Admiral Richard E．Byrd reportedly flew into the Earth while attempting to fly over the North Pole.Inside，he met a group of people who looked different.They gave him some advice to pass along to the rest of humankind and then sent him on his way.He recorded all of this in a secret diary which finally became public knowledge.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　人们对于外星人有许多想法？一些人认为外星人来自宇宙，一些人认为外星人来自地球内部。‎ ‎1．Why do some people believe there are aliens according to the passage?‎ A．Because people saw films about aliens coming to the Earth.‎ B．Because some people saw so－called UFOs and alien visitors.‎ C．Because it gives us hope that life is out there and may look like us.‎ D．Because the aliens can help us explore the inside of the world.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“A famous scientist once said，‘I want to believe’. That's probably how some of us feel.We want ‎ to believe in UFOs and aliens because it gives us hope that life is out there，somewhere，that's something like us.”可知，一个著名的科学家曾经说，他愿意相信有外星人的存在，我们中的很多人也是这种感觉。我们愿意相信有不明飞行物和外星人存在是因为这能够给人类希望，在地球以外有像人类一样的生物。‎ 答案：C ‎2．What is the Multiverse made up of?‎ A．The outside and inside of the Earth.‎ B．Some planets that look like the Earth.‎ C．The universes that run against our own universe.‎ D．A lot of possible universes that run parallel to our universe.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“The Multiverse is made up of countless possible universes.These universes run parallel to our own.”可知，多元宇宙由数不清的可能的宇宙组成，这些宇宙平行于我们现在的宇宙。‎ 答案：D ‎3．What can we learn about “Hollow Earth Theory”？‎ A．It shows that UFOs come from the inner earth.‎ B．It is believed there are other worlds at the poles.‎ C．It is supported by many famous explorers.‎ D．The North pole is the most important gate for aliens.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“What people are seeing and ‎ calling UFOs are the ships driven by the inner－earth neighbours.”及第五段首句可知，根据地球空心论，人们看到和称为UFO的不明飞行物是地球内部邻居驾驶的太空飞船。‎ 答案：A ‎4．Which of the following is the best title for this passage?‎ A．What do aliens look like?‎ B．Where are aliens from?‎ C．How clever aliens are!‎ D．When will people find aliens?‎ 解析：标题判断题。本文主要是由外星人来自哪里展开的，介绍了两种观念：一个是多元宇宙论，一个是地球空心论。‎ 答案：B Ⅳ.七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ As adults，we work hard，but somehow happiness still sits far away from us.So let's learn some of its important lessons，through kids，to make our life better.‎ So True ‎__1__ Most of us still think，“I would give anything to be young again.” This doesn't mean that we really start behaving like little children，instead understand their way of life as a personal growth ‎ exercise.‎ Show Love This is perhaps the easiest emotion for kids to show，and the most difficult for adults to feel.Kids are surrounded (被……环绕着) with so much love that they keep sharing it.Every action they do for parents，friends，pets，and people they like，is filled with love.__2__‎ Try to Be Honest Children speak the truth.Their honest questions and answers are not planned to disrespect anyone.__3__We are afraid to be honest with our loved ones，and we become dishonest with ourselves too.So say the truth when it is necessary.‎ Laugh a Lot Do you know that a kid laughs about 300 times a day，as compared to only 7 to 8 laughs for an adult？__4__ Children laugh whenever they want.They laugh when they feel like laughing.Try to see the funny side of life，and laugh wholeheartedly；it is good for the heart.‎ Make New Friends Kids make friends easily.__5__Little kids playing in a park often get approached (接近) by other kids，and soon they become the best of friends，even though they aren't familiar with each other's names.So enjoy your friendship and meet new friends.‎ A．Almost every adult wishes to be a kid again.‎ B．They don't think twice before making a friendship.‎ C．Adults learn this: The best way to receive love is to first give it.‎ D．If you are pleased with something，don't be afraid to show or share it.‎ E．They just want to know certain things，and are quite open(坦率的) about it.‎ F．Kids learn a lot about life because they are playing with all their heart.‎ G．They are positive about everything in life，and it keeps them smiling all day.‎ 答案：1.A　2.C　3.E　4.G　5.B Ⅴ.完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ My story is about an art teacher who I like and look up to even nowadays.Her name is Alexandra Brown.She is the lady who really looks __1__ into the soul (灵魂) of each of us.She always__2__you to move beyond your comfort zone in order for you to be the person you __3__ to be!‎ I met her 4 years ago，and I remember the first day I __4__ her ‎ — in her art lecture on the first day of the university.Her great __5__ talent impressed me deeply.After the class I walked to her and she looked at me __6__ and talked with me gently.I felt as if she were my best friend and the one I could __7__forever.‎ Day by day，I got closer to her，and __8__ when I felt ill at the time，she always __9__ me and wished me well soon.One day，I opened up to her about my __10__ past.She said that she had sensed my deep pain __11__ my mind for so long.She told me that these past days were __12__ for me to grow and ignoring them could make me__13__．She continued to say the painful past is only a funny __14__ not a spiritual burden(精神负担)．‎ Later，whenever I had a(n) __15__ in study or in life，I always went to her and asked her for __16__．No matter what，she always helped me in more __17__than I thought and I thank her very much to this day __18__she is more than an art teacher—she is my guide to finding my inner __19__through this world.‎ Alexandra，I really thank you for__20__you have done for me in my life journey.It really means a lot to me.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　作者大学时的艺术老师是作者的良师益友。她帮助作者放下了精神包袱，使作者健康地成长，直到今天作者依然喜欢她，尊敬她。‎ ‎1．A.slow　　　　　 B．deep C．bright D．real 解析：根据下文第三段“She said that she had sensed my deep pain”可知，亚历山德拉说她能够看到作者内心深处的痛苦，即作者说亚历山德拉能够真正地看透学生的心。‎ 答案：B ‎2．A.holds B．stops C．pushes D．forbids 解析：根据下文“to move beyond your comfort zone”可知，亚历山德拉总能迫使她的学生离开自己的舒适带，即不让她的学生停滞不前，迫使他们前进。‎ 答案：C ‎3．A.want B．refuse C．agree D．think 解析：根据上文“in order for you to be the person”可知，亚历山德拉这样做是为了使她的学生成为他们想成为的人。即让他们实现他们的理想。‎ 答案：A ‎4．A.forgot B．helped C．lost D．saw 解析：根据下文“in her art lecture on the first day of the university”可知，作者在第一天上艺术课的时候看到的亚历山德拉。‎ 答案：D ‎5．A.art B．maths C．communicating D．language 解析：根据上文第一段“My story is about an art teacher”可知，亚历山德拉是艺术老师，她的杰出的艺术天分给作者留下了深刻的印象。‎ 答案：A ‎6．A.quickly B．rudely C．bravely D．kindly 解析：根据下文“talked with me gently”可知，亚历山德拉温和地和作者交谈，即亚历山德拉态度温和，待人亲切。‎ 答案：D ‎7．A.rely on B．go with C．believe in D．wait for 解析：根据上文“I felt as if she were my best friend”可知，作者说她感觉到亚历山德拉是她最好的朋友，并是她永远可以信任的人。‎ 答案：C ‎8．A.even B．ever C．almost D．still 解析：根据上文“Day by day，I got closer to her”可知，日复一日，作者和她越来越亲近，此处作者用“甚至我生病……”的具体事例来表明她与亚历山德拉是多么亲密。‎ 答案：A ‎9．A.hugged B．comforted C．found D．changed 解析：根据下文“wished me well soon”可知，当作者生病的时候，亚历山德拉总是安慰她，并祝福她很快好起来。‎ 答案：B ‎10．A.painful B．free C．strange D．simple 解析：根据下文“my deep pain...the painful past...”可知，有一天作者敞开心扉对亚历山德拉讲起了痛苦的过去。‎ 答案：A ‎11．A.after B．on C．beyond D．upon 解析：亚历山德拉说她意识到藏在作者心中很久的痛苦。on the mind“压在某人心头上。”‎ 答案：B ‎12．A.wasted B．thanked C．needed D．kept 解析：根据下文“for me to grow”可知，亚历山德拉说这个痛苦的过去对作者成长来说是必要的。‎ 答案：C ‎13．A.clever B．safe C．silent D．strong 解析：根据上文“ignoring them”可知，亚历山德拉告诉作者不要把过去放在心上，这样会使作者坚强。‎ 答案：D ‎14．A.course B．game C．memory D．end 解析：亚历山德拉说这个痛苦的过去仅是个滑稽的记忆，而不是一个精神负担。‎ 答案：C ‎15．A.dream B．problem C．idea D．secret 解析：根据下文“I always went to her and asked her”可知，作者无论是在学习上还是生活上遇到难题时总是去找亚历山德拉寻求建议。‎ 答案：B ‎16．A.compliment B．prize C．money D．advice 解析：参见上题解析。‎ 答案：D ‎17．A.plans B．reasons C．ways D．goals 解析：根据上文“she always helped me in more”可知，亚历山德拉总是以比作者想象多的方式来帮助作者。‎ 答案：C ‎18．A.unless B．although C．but D．because 解析：根据上文“I thank her very much”可知，作者非常感谢亚历山德拉，后文表明了她感谢亚历山德拉的原因，因此用because引导原因状语从句。‎ 答案：D ‎19．A.light B．peace C．conversation D．action 解析：根据上文“she is my guide”可知，作者认为亚历山德拉是自己寻找“内心之光”的向导。‎ 答案：A ‎20．A.something B．everything C．anything D．nothing 解析：根据上文“I thank her very much”可知，作者对亚历山德拉说，“我衷心地感谢你为我所做的一切。”‎ 答案：B 单元质量评估(二)‎ ‎(时间：100分钟　满分：120分)‎ 第一部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。‎ A A girl succeeded in getting the job to walk the turtle Henry.She just was the lucky one from hundreds of competitors.The pay for it is just $10 an hour.‎ Henry's owner Amanda Green，who lives in Harlem，has had the 17－pound African turtle for six years.Amanda felt guilty that she was only able to take Henry for walks on the weekend.So she turned to the Internet for help.She placed an advertisement in March looking for someone to help her.The work is to take the heavy African turtle on weekday walks to Central Park in the summer.‎ Ms Green，who writes for a website，expected a few answers，but received hundreds.And it was the girl named Amalia McCallister who got the sweet summer job.Her job is to put Henry into his pet car，take him to travel three miles from Ms Green's home to Central Park，where Henry can move freely.She needs to clean up after him.‎ ‎“If there are grasses or dandelions(蒲公英)，it will be all right for him to enjoy himself.There he can eat the grass safely and healthily，” Amalia McCallister said.“He really loves to eat dandelions most.It's like a field full of French fries for him，” she added.Henry attracts plenty of animal lovers in the park，including ‎ adults and children.‎ After a couple of hours in the park，it is time for Henry to go back into its small car and be pushed home.McCallister says that she loves her new job very much and the job gives her great pleasure.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　一个小女孩找到了一份暑期工作——遛乌龟。‎ ‎1．What is the girl's job?‎ A．To find friends for Henry.‎ B．To walk Henry in the park.‎ C．To wash Henry.‎ D．To sell Henry in the market.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“A girl succeeded in getting the job to walk the turtle Henry.”可知，一个女孩成功地得到了一份带乌龟亨利散步的工作。‎ 答案：B ‎2．What does the owner of the turtle do?‎ A．A turtle doctor.　　　 B．A worker in a zoo.‎ C．A writer for a website. D．A boss of a website.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Henry's owner Amanda Green”以及第三段“Ms Green，who writes for a website”可知，亨利的主人格林·阿曼达是一家网站的作家。‎ 答案：C ‎3．What does Henry like to eat most according to Amalia?‎ A．French fries. B．Small fishes.‎ C．Dandelions. D．Fresh leaves.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“He really loves to eat dandelions most.”可知，亨利最喜欢吃蒲公英。‎ 答案：C ‎4．What does Amalia think of her new job?‎ A．Enjoyable. B．Boring.‎ C．Dirty. D．Simple.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“McCallister says that she loves her new job very much and the job gives her great pleasure.”可知，麦卡利斯特说她非常喜欢自己的新工作，这份工作给她带来很多的快乐。‎ 答案：A B The Olympic flame The Olympic flame is a symbol carried over from the ancient Olympics，where a sacred flame burned at the altar of Zeus throughout competition.It was finally reintroduced at the 1924 Amsterdam Games，and again burned in 1932.‎ Carl Diem，chairman of the organizing committee for the 1936 Berlin Games，proposed that the flame be lit in Greece and transported to Berlin via a torch relay.The idea was adopted，and continued at every Olympic Games since 1952.‎ The flame is lit at the ancient site of Olympia by the natural rays of the sun reflected off a curved mirror.It is lit at a ceremony by women dressed in robes resembling those worn in ancient times，who then pass it to the first relay runner.‎ Olympic motto ‎“Citius，altius，fortius”is a Latin phrase meaning“swifter，higher，stronger”，which Baron de Coubertin borrowed from Father Henri Martin Dideon of Paris.Dideon was headmaster of Arcueil College，and used the phrase to describe the athletic achievements of students at the school.He had previously been at the Albert Le Grand school, where the Latin words were carved in stone above the main entrance.‎ Olympic oath(宣誓)‎ ‎“In the name of all competitors，I promise that we shall take part in these Olympic Games，respecting and abiding by the rules that govern them...in the true spirit of sportsmanship，for the glory of sport and the honour of our teams.”‎ Written by Baron de Coubertin，the oath is taken by an athlete from the host nation while holding a corner of the Olympic flag.The athletes' oath was first taken by Belgian fencer Victor Boin at the 1920 Antwerp Games.A judge from the host country also speaks the oath with slightly different wording.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　文章从奥林匹克圣火、奥林匹克格言、奥林匹克宣誓等三个方面讲述了奥林匹克的故事。‎ ‎5．The Olympic flame was first burned at ________ in modern times.‎ A．the 1920 Games B．the 1924 Games C．the 1932 Games D．the 1936 Games 解析：细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知，奥运圣火于1924年阿姆斯特丹奥运会上被重新引进，于1932年再次点燃，因此选B项。‎ 答案：B ‎6．The underlined word in Paragraph 2 means ________．‎ A．agreed B．ordered C．decided D．suggested 解析：猜测词义题。由下一句话“The idea was adopted，and continued at every Olympic Games since 1952.”可知其想法被采纳，由此可知画线词词义为：提议或建议。‎ 答案：D ‎7．From the passage we can learn ________．‎ A．the first torch relay was held at the 1936 Berlin Games B．before 1936，no flames burned at the Olympic Games C．Carl Diem proposed that flames should burn at the Olympic Games D．the Olympic torch has burned since 1924 ‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段可知1936年卡尔·迪姆的传递圣火的提议被采纳，由此推出第一次火炬接力是在1936年柏林奥运会上进行的。‎ 答案：A ‎8．The Olympic motto was ________．‎ A．written by Baron de Coubertin B．from Greek C．from the ancient Olympic Games D．borrowed from Father Henri Martin Dideon of Paris 解析：细节理解题。由文章第二部分Olympic motto的第一句话可知奥林匹克格言是从Father Henri Martin Dideon of Paris那儿借鉴来的。‎ 答案：D C Do you ever feel that there is no progress in your life? If the answer is yes，it's time to think about your strategy again，according to success coach and author Jack Canfield.‎ Canfield was one of the driving forces behind the books that developed a new cultural term，Chicken Soup for the Soul (心灵鸡汤)，and he's more than familiar with the rules of success and failure.After all，Chicken Soup was turned down 144 times before it ‎ was actually published.‎ ‎“The first rule，I think，is the most important one，” Canfield says.“It's called: Take 100 percent responsibility(责任) for your life and your results.” To understand what it means to actually do this，Canfield suggests thinking of this rule as a mathematical formula (数学公式): E＋R＝O(Events＋Response＝Outcome)(事件＋反应＝结果)．‎ Most people，Canfield says focus on outside causes easily—your business isn't doing well，your friend won't talk to you，you were late for a date.You may say: “The market is influencing my business.My friend has changed.Traffic made me late.” Canfield explains that you give too little care to how much your own response to the event plays a role in the outcome.“What creates the outcome is your response to events，” he says.‎ To see this E＋R＝O formula in action，Canfield tells you to imagine an event in which your partner forgets your birthday.“Most people would respond，‘Oh，I feel bad because that means my husband doesn't love me，’” Canfield says.“You could say，‘Someone who loves me forgot my birthday.Now I'm worried，not feeling bad.’” That changed response could lead to a better outcome.For example，instead of getting into a fight with your partner due to your “feeling bad”，perhaps your worry leads you to ‎ have a more meaningful discussion.‎ Finally，Canfield says that the “R” in the formula is a key point to success.“We have choices about responses，” he says.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　成功教练杰克·坎菲尔德向我们介绍了一则公式：事件＋反应＝结果。‎ ‎9．What can we know about “Chicken Soup for the Soul”？‎ A．It was spoken highly of by Jack Canfield.‎ B．It once had great difficulty in being published.‎ C．It sold very well in the national market.‎ D．It was written according to Canfield's experience.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“‘Chicken Soup’ was turned down 144 times before it was actually published.”可知，《心灵鸡汤》在真正出版前被拒绝了144次。由此可知，它的出版遭遇了很大的困难。‎ 答案：B ‎10．According to Canfield，when faced with failure，we should________．‎ A．criticize ourselves and be strict with others B．try to take some main responsibility for our life C．accept the challenge bravely from our life D．focus on inside reasons and pay attention to our response 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Most people，Canfield says focus ‎ on outside causes easily...Canfield explains that you give too little care to how much your own response to the event plays a role in the outcome.‘What creates the outcome is your response to events，’ he says.”可知，坎菲尔德说大多数人都容易关注外部原因，忽视了我们对事件的反应会对事件结果产生多少影响，决定结果的是我们对于事件的反应，由此可知，面对困难的时候，我们应该关注内部自身原因，重视我们的反应。‎ 答案：D ‎11．By giving the example in Para 5，Canfield wants to tell the readers that________．‎ A．we need to try our best to change our life B．it's very important to trust each other C．people's attitude decides the outcome D．discussion is of great importance 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“That changed response could lead to a better outcome.For example，instead of getting into a fight with your partner due to your ‘feeling bad’，perhaps your worry leads you to have a more meaningful discussion”可知，改变了的反应能够导致一个更好的结果，比如说，不要因为你的“感觉不好”就和伴侣打一架，可能你的担心会促使你们进行一次有意义的谈话交流，也就是说，对同一件事，不同的态度产生的结果完全不同，即人们的态度决定了结果。‎ 答案：C ‎12．Which of the following is the best title for this passage?‎ A．A formula that can create better outcomes B．A book full of success strategies C．Driving forces behind a successful life D．Success coach points out the reason for failure 解析：标题判断题。本文主要介绍了成功教练杰克·坎菲尔德向我们介绍了一则公式：事件＋反应＝结果，这个公式能够产生更好的结果。‎ 答案：A D We all know that exercise keeps us healthy.But two new studies get more specific.They look at how exercise may lower the risk of two major causes of death—cancer and strokes(中风)．One study says exercise may lower the risk of 13 types of cancer.Another says that middle－aged people can reduce (减少) their chance of having a stroke by exercising.‎ Steven Moore of the National Cancer Centre led a team of researchers to study more than 1.4 million people.The researchers looked at volunteers in 12 US and European groups.These people reported on their physical activity between 1987 and 2004.Many volunteers reported walking，running and swimming.The researchers ‎ looked at the occurrence of 26 kinds of cancer among the volunteers during the next 11 years.The researchers mainly took__into__account how long they exercised per week.‎ Moore explains that exercise “can reduce the risks of some cancers”．Moore says that there are some possible explanations for the findings.First，exercise can lower estrogen (雌性激素)levels.Lower levels of estrogen would lower the risk of certain cancers.He adds that exercise helps lower overall inflammation(炎症) in the body.‎ Now，how exercise influences strokes.The more fitter a person is in middle age，the less likely he or she will have a serious stroke after age 65.This is the result of a new study by the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre.Doctors studied 20，000 men and women between the ages of 45 and 50.They found that those who took exercise had a 37 percent lower risk of a stroke than those who did not.They say the lowered risk of a future stroke was present even when people had other risk factors (因素)．These factors include high blood pressure and being too fat.The researchers of this study say they want doctors to know that low levels of exercise and fitness can be risk factors for a stroke.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　运动可以减少两种重大疾病——癌症和中风的死亡率。‎ ‎13．What can we learn about Steven Moore's research?‎ A．The research was carried out 11 years ago.‎ B．Volunteers in the research have low estrogen levels.‎ C．Moore trained a team of about 1.4 million people.‎ D．Moore and his researchers looked at 12 groups of volunteers.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“The researchers looked at volunteers in 12 US and European groups.”可知，史蒂芬·穆尔领导的研究者们查看了12个来自美国和欧洲的志愿者群体的情况。‎ 答案：D ‎14．The underlined phrase “took into account” most probably means________．‎ A．remembered B．faced up to C．considered D．kept up with 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段“These people reported on their physical activity between 1987 and 2004.”和“how long they exercised per week”可知，研究中志愿者需要报告他们在1987年至2004年之间的运动状况，由此可知，研究者把志愿者每周的运动量计入了研究当中，即研究者主要考虑每个星期他们锻炼多长时间。‎ 答案：C ‎15．It can be known from the last paragraph that________．‎ A．low levels of exercise can increase the risk of a stroke B．men who do more exercise than women will not suffer from cancers C．a healthy person has little chance of having a stroke before 45‎ D．those who don't take exercise have a 63% lower risk of a stroke 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“The researchers of this study say they want doctors to know that low levels of exercise and fitness can be risk factors for a stroke.”可知，研究者们想让医生知道运动量少是导致中风的一个因素，即运动量少会增加患中风的风险。‎ 答案：A 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ You should make plans before you take a camping trip.Just follow these simple camping guidelines to make your trip safe and rewarding.‎ Selecting an appropriate tent ‎ ‎__16__ When determining the size of your tent，you should take into account the number of people as well as the camping equipment necessary for your trip.There should be enough room in the tent for the camping equipment.__17__ ‎ Importance of food While camping，you will need enough food to give you enough energy for your outdoor work.__18__ You should do all your ‎ cooking.Insist on simplicity in cooking and use vegetables and ready－made food during your trip to minimize cooking time.‎ Adequate sleep ‎__19__Nights are generally cooler than the days so you need to have enough warm clothes to feel comfortable enough to sleep during the night.When buying a sleeping bag，check that you feel comfortable in it.Extra air mattresses(气垫)may be included in your camping equipment to make your bed more comfortable.‎ ‎__20__ Bear these camping guidelines in mind and make sure you are fully prepared to enjoy your camping trip.‎ A．All campers should have adequate sleep during the night.‎ B．Thus you must have an efficient arrangement for food preparation.‎ C．The best camping trips are had by those people who prepare the best.‎ D．Take healthy and nourishing food with you to meet energy demands during your trip.‎ E．The comfort level in a tent determines the success of a camping trip.‎ F．The size is the most important thing you should carefully consider when choosing a tent.‎ G．It will destroy the mood of the entire camping trip if you ‎ don't have a good sleeping bag.‎ 答案：16.F　17.E　18.B　19.A　20.C 第二部分　英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节　完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ I went to a birthday party but I remembered what you said.You told me not to drink at all so I had a Sprite __21__．I felt proud of myself the way you said I would，and now I didn't choose to drink and drive __22__ some friends said I should.‎ I knew I made a healthy __23__，your advice to me was right，as the party __24__ ended and the kids drove out of __25__．I got into my own car，to surely get home at once，never __26__ what was coming，something I __27__ least.Now I'm lying on the pavement，I can hear the policeman say，“The kid that caused this wreck(失事)was __28__．”His voice seemed far away.My own blood is all around me，and I try hard not to __29__．I can hear the paramedic(护理人员)say，“This girl is going to die.”‎ I'm sure the guy had no idea，while he was flying __30__，because he chose to drink and__31__，and now I would have to__32__．So why do people do it，knowing that it ruins __33__，but know the pain like a hundred stabbing(尖利的)knives.Tell my sister ‎ not to be __34__，tell daddy to be brave，and when I go to __35__ put “Daddy's Girl” on my grave.‎ Someone should have __36__ him that it's wrong to drink and drive.Maybe if his mum and dad had done so，I'd still be alive.My __37__ is getting shorter.I'm getting really scared.There are my final moments and I'm so__38__．I wish that you could hold me，__39__，as I lie here and die.I __40__ that I could say to you，“I love you and goodbye.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　年轻的作者坚持驾车不喝酒的习惯，而她自己却在一次酒驾的交通事故中成了受害者。‎ ‎21．A.as well B．instead C．either D．neither 解析：这里指用雪碧来代替酒。‎ 答案：B ‎22．A.when B．before C．unless D．though 解析：主从句应为转折关系。‎ 答案：D ‎23．A.choice B．body C．share D．customer 解析：make a (healthy) choice意为“做出(明智的)选择”。‎ 答案：A ‎24．A.firstly B．especially C．finally D．honestly 解析：从ended知当然是聚会“最终”结束了。‎ 答案：C ‎25．A.sight B．party C．road D．distance 解析：指开车驶出了人们的视线。‎ 答案：A ‎26．A.explaining B．knowing C．arguing D．repeating 解析：指“万万没想到”，即从不知道会发生灾难。‎ 答案：B ‎27．A.compared B．developed C．cared D．expected 解析：从下文知是发生车祸，当然应该是最不期盼的事。‎ 答案：D ‎28．A.lost B．replaced C．drunk D．destroyed 解析：从上下文知是喝醉酒造成的事故。‎ 答案：C ‎29．A.cry B．laugh C．smile D．talk 解析：这里指自己尽力不哭。‎ 答案：A ‎30．A.low B．high C．away D．there 解析：fly high意为“驾车飞奔”。‎ 答案：B ‎31．A.run B．leave C．drive D．play 解析：由22题前的“I didn't choose to drink and drive”可以看出，“我”选择驾车不喝酒而撞我的男孩却选择了酒驾。‎ 答案：C ‎32．A.return B．die C．lie D．fly 解析：由第二段最后一句“This girl is going to die”可知小女孩(作者)即将去世。‎ 答案：B ‎33．A.families B．opinions C．lives D．friendship 解析：出车祸最直接的损失就是失去生命。‎ 答案：C ‎34．A.lucky B．afraid C．popular D．sad 解析：从后面的brave可知应选B。‎ 答案：B ‎35．A.university B．work C．hospital D．heaven 解析：从后一句中的grave知是死了，当然去“天堂”了。‎ 答案：D ‎36．A.considered B．made C．taught D．showed 解析：teach sb sth意为“教某人某事”。‎ 答案：C ‎37．A.breath B．difficulty C．life D．happiness 解析：从文中知“我”快要死了，当然是“呼吸”短促。‎ 答案：A ‎38．A.unknown B．disliked C．disagreed D．unprepared 解析：显然“我”对死亡“没有准备”，因为是突发车祸。‎ 答案：D ‎39．A.dad B．sister C．teacher D．mum 解析：文章中提到了A、B两项，且都是家人。因此在生命垂危时刻最有可能提到的就是自己的母亲。‎ 答案：D ‎40．A.hope B．mean C．wish D．describe 解析：从could可知表示虚拟的意思。‎ 答案：C 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Once upon a time，there lived a strange bird.The bird had two heads，41.________they shared one stomach.‎ One day，one of the two heads saw a delicious fruit on the ground.He picked it 42.________and ate the fruit.“It is one of the 43.________(delicious) fruits I have ever eaten，”he said.‎ The other head said，“Let me also taste 44.________delicious fruit.”The first head laughed 45.________(loud) and said，“You know that we have only one stomach.It makes no 46.________(different) whether I eat it or you eat it.Moreover，I'm the one who found the fruit.So I have the right to eat it.”‎ Later that day，the other head 47.________(find) a tree having poisonous (有毒的)fruits.He took a poisonous fruit and told the first head，“This fruit 48.________(eat) by me.”‎ The first head shouted，“Please don't eat this poisonous fruit.If ‎ you eat it，both of 49.________(we) will die.”However，the other head didn't agree.‎ The first head started 50.________(cry)，but the other head still ate the poisonous fruit.In the end，both of them lost their lives.‎ 答案：41.but　42.up　43.most delicious　44.the ‎45．loudly　46.difference　47.found　48.will be eaten ‎49．us　50.crying/to cry 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()画掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ I felt very exciting when I went to high school on the first day.After 9 year's study，I felt I was so close to university.During the first year，because the school work was tough，I didn't give up.At the same time，I make many friends.I liked to share happiness and sorrow for my friends.When the second year came，I went to other ‎ class.I was worried that no one could talk to me，but I quick made new friends.Now it is the last year of my high school life，and I'm determined to studying harder and make a greater progress.High school life is a challenge for me，but will keep working hard.‎ 答案：‎ I felt very when I went to high school on the first day.After 9 study，I felt I was so close to university.During the first year， the school work was tough，I didn't give up.At the same time，I many friends.I liked to share happiness and sorrow my friends.When the second year came，I went to class.I was worried that no one could talk to me，but I made new friends.Now it is the last year of my high school life，and I'm determined t harder and make greater progress.High school life is a challenge for me，b ,I ) will keep working hard.‎ 第二节　书面表达(满分25分)‎ 北京已经成功获得2022‎ 年冬奥会的举办权，这使北京成为奥运历史上第一个既举办过夏季奥运会，又举办冬奥会的城市。假如你是李华，请根据要点提示，就此事用英语给你的美国笔友Tom写一封邮件。‎ 要点：‎ ‎1．表达你的喜悦与自豪。‎ ‎2．邀约对方届时在北京相聚。‎ 要求：‎ ‎1．词数100左右，邮件的开头和结尾已经给出，但是不计入总词数。‎ ‎2．可适当增加细节，以使文章行文连贯。‎ Dear Tom，‎ There is a piece of good news that I'd like to share with you._____‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 答案：‎ Dear__Tom，‎ There__is__a__piece__of__good__news__that__I'd__like__to__‎ share__with__you.The capital city of my homeland，Beijing，has beaten several strong competitors and been chosen to host the winter Olympic Games in 2022，which means Beijing becomes the first city that hosts both a summer Olympic and a winter Olympic in the world.I'm really proud of my country，and I'm so excited at the news that I can't wait to share my happiness with you.‎ At the year of 2022，we'll be adults.Thus，I'd like to be a volunteer for the Olympic and I want to invite you to meet me in Beijing then.You can cheer American athletes and，meanwhile，see how wonderful China is.‎ I'm looking forward to seeing you.‎ Yours，‎ Li__Hua