2019届一轮复习北师大版必修五Unit14Careers单元学案设计（47页word解析版）

2019届一轮复习北师大版必修五Unit14Careers单元学案设计（47页word解析版）

‎2019届一轮复习北师大版必修5Unit14Careers单元学案设计 ‎[一积词汇见多识广]　‎ ‎[课内单词回扣]‎ ‎(一)阅读词汇写其义 ‎1．insurance n．保险　　　　　　　 2.bonus n．额外津贴，奖金 ‎3．wage n．薪金，工资 4.institute n．机构；学院 ‎5．data n．资料，数据 6.comprehension n．理解 ‎7．steep adj.陡峭的，险峻的 8.universe n．宇宙 ‎9．mankind n．人类 10.judgement n．判断，判断力 ‎(二)表达词汇写其形 ‎1．income n．收入　　　　　　　　　2.reward n．奖赏 ‎3．charge vt.收费，要价n.负责 4.aid n．援助，帮助 ‎5．panic v．恐慌，惊惶 6.quarrel vi.争吵，吵架 ‎7．consult vt.请教；查阅 8.overcome vt.战胜，克服 ‎9．grasp vt.理解，领会；抓牢，抓紧 10.decrease v．减少，降低 ‎11．envy v．羡慕，嫉妒 12.bother v．打扰，烦扰 ‎(三)拓展词汇灵活用 ‎1.commit vt.投入，犯(罪)；承诺→committed adj.尽责的→commitment n．承诺，保证 ‎*2.appointment n．约定，约会；任命→appoint vt.任命；预约，安排 ‎3.constantly adv.不断地→constant adj.不断的；不变的 ‎*4.instant n．片刻，瞬息 adj.瞬间的，立即的，紧急的→instantly adv.即刻，马上→instance n．例子；事例；情况 ‎5.surrounding adj.附近的→surround v．包围，围绕→surroundings n．环境 ‎6.inspect v．审查→inspection n．检查，视察→inspector n．检查员，视察员 ‎7.hesitate v．犹豫，踌躇→hesitation n．犹豫，踌躇 ‎8.existence n．存在→exist v．存在 ‎*9.comfort n．& vt.(使)安慰，舒适→comfortable adj.安慰的，舒适的 ‎*10.operate vi.运转，运作；做手术 vt.操作→operation n．操作，手术→operator n．操作员；接线员 ‎11.respond vi.回复，回答；反应→response n．回复，响应，反应，回答 ‎12.basis n．基础，根据→base n．基础，根据地 vt.以……为基础→basic adj.基本的，基础的 ‎13.qualification n．资格，资历→qualify v．(使)合格，(使)具有资格→qualified adj.有资格的，合格的 用上面加*号的单词的适当形式填空 ‎1．He was appointed as chairman but he refused the appointment because of his health condition.‎ ‎2．The new operator wasn't able to operate the machine well and his improper operation led to the breakdown of the machine.‎ ‎3．“Don't be disappointed，” he comforted his friend.“Let's go to the beach and the sunlight and wind will make you more comfortable.‎ ‎4．One person could text a friend, for example, who will see the message come up on their Facebook page instantly and respond by an instant message.‎ ‎[话题单词积累]‎ ‎1．artist /'ɑːtɪst/ n．　　　　　　 艺术家 ‎2．author /'ɔːθə(r)/ n. 作者，作家 ‎3．model /'mɔd(ə)l/ n. 模型， 模特 ‎4．painter /'peɪntə(r)/ n． 绘画者，(油)画家 ‎5．doctor /'dɔktə(r)/ n. 博士；医生 ‎6．physician /fɪ'zɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 内科医生 ‎7．expert /'ekspɜːt/ n. 专家，能手 ‎8．employer /ɪm'plɔɪə(r)/ n. 雇主 ‎9．dentist /'dentɪst/ n. 牙科医生 ‎10．physicist /'fɪzɪsɪst/ n. 物理学家 ‎11．architect /'ɑːkɪtekt/ n． 建筑师，设计师 ‎12．merchant /'mɜːtʃənt/ n. 商人；生意人 ‎13．shopkeeper /'ʃɔpkiːpə(r)/ n. 店主 ‎14．tailor /'teɪlə(r)/ n. 裁缝 ‎15．barber /'bɑːbə(r)/ n. 理发师 ‎16．chef/ʃef/ n. 厨师长，主厨 ‎17．employee /ɪm'plɔɪiː/ n. 雇员 ‎18．guard /ɡɑːd/ n. 警卫，门卫 ‎19．officer /'ɒfɪsə(r)/ n. 军官；官员 ‎20．minister /'mɪnɪstə(r)/ n. 部长；牧师 ‎21．position /pə'zɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 位置；职位 ‎22．assistant /ə'sɪst(ə)nt/ n. 助手，助理 ‎23．engineer /ˌendʒɪ'nɪə(r)/ n. 工程师；技师 ‎24．secretary /'sekrətərɪ/ n. 秘书；书记 ‎25．accountant /ə'kaʊnt(ə)nt/ n. 会计(师)‎ ‎26．interview /'ɪntəvjuː/ n．& vt. 采访，面试 ‎27．interviewee /'ɪntəvjuː'iː/ n.‎ ‎ 参加面试者；接受采访者 ‎28．interviewer /'ɪntəvjuːə(r)/ n. 面试官 ‎29．candidate /'kændɪdət / n. 候选人 ‎30．applicant /'æplɪkənt/ n. 申请人 ‎31．experience /ɪk'spɪərɪəns/ n. 经验；经历 ‎32．employ /ɪm'plɔɪ/ vt. 雇用 ‎33．recommend /ˌrekə'mend/ vt. 推荐 ‎34．occupation /ˌɔkjʊ'peɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 职业 ‎35．unemployment /ˌʌnIm'plɔImənt/ n.‎ ‎ 失业，失业状态 ‎36．dismiss /dɪs'mɪs/ vt. 遣/解散；解雇 ‎[二积短语顿挫抑扬]　‎ ‎[课内短语回扣]‎ ‎(一)根据汉语写出下列短语 ‎*1.take_charge_of 接管，控制　　　　　　 *2.make_up 编造；组成；弥补 ‎*3.make_out 假称；听出，看出 　 4.go_into_detail(s) 讨论，细谈 ‎　5.speak_up 大声地说，自由而大胆地说出 6.believe_in 信任，信仰 ‎*7.pay_off 得到好结果；取得成功 　 8.turn_over 反转 ‎　9.keep_up_with 跟上，赶上 　 10.in_case 以防万一；万一 ‎　11.due_to 由于 *12.in_addition 此外 ‎*13.turn_up 出现，到达 　 14.above_all 最重要的是 ‎(二)用上面加*号的短语完成下列句子 ‎1．In_addition,_trip is a way of relaxation instead of a job.‎ ‎2．We couldn't make_out what they were talking about in the next room.‎ ‎3．He devoted most of his time to his training and his effort paid_off eventually in the Olympics.‎ ‎4．They'll have to work an extra shift to make_up time lost during the strike.‎ ‎5．She promised that she would come, but she hasn't turned_up yet.‎ ‎6．I was appointed to take_charge_of arranging all the activities on that day.‎ ‎[话题短语积累]‎ ‎1．apply for 　　　　　 　 申请 ‎2．be out of employment＝be out of work＝lose one's job ‎ ‎ 失业 ‎3．get/be promoted 获得晋升 ‎4．fill in the form/chart 填表 ‎5．make an appointment 预约 ‎6．hunt for a job 找工作 ‎7．employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事 ‎8．be qualified for 胜任 ‎9．show interest in 感兴趣 ‎10．in advance 提前 ‎11．leave a good impression on ‎ 给……留下好印象 ‎12．prepare for 为……做好准备 ‎13．devote oneself to 献身于，致力于 ‎14．make a contribution to 对……做出贡献 ‎[三积句式写作扮靓]　‎ ‎[课内句式仿写]‎ ‎1．the instant引导时间状语从句 ‎[例句]　The instant she stopped asking questions, I got up and went out of the room. ‎ ‎[仿写]　他一听到这个笑话就大笑起来。‎ The_instant_he_heard_the_joke,_he burst into laughter.‎ ‎2．find＋it＋adj.＋to do sth.‎ ‎[例句]　Between now and the 21st century, citizens of the world's richest and most advanced nations will find it more and more difficult to keep up with the demand for change.‎ ‎[仿写]　这两个女孩长得很像，陌生人很难把她们区分开。‎ The two girls are so alike that strangers find_it_difficult_to_tell_one_from_the_other.‎ ‎3．as long as 引导条件状语从句 ‎[例句]　I discovered then that as long as I am committed and never give up I will be able to produce high quality reports.‎ ‎[仿写]　只要给别人的生活带来价值，你的生命就是有意义的。‎ Your life is meaningful as_long_as_you_can_bring_value_to_the_life_of_others.,‎ ‎[话题佳句背诵]‎ ‎1．When seeing your advertisement in the local newspaper, I immediately show great interest in it, eagerly hoping to get the position of working as a tutor for your child.‎ 看到您登在当地报纸上的广告的第一眼，我就对此非常感兴趣，热切地希望能当您孩子的家庭辅导教师。‎ ‎2．English is my favourite subject and I've won several prizes in ‎ English contests.So I think that I'm qualified for the position.‎ 英语是我最喜爱的学科，我曾数次在英语竞赛中获奖，因此我认为我能胜任这个职位。‎ ‎3．I am confident that my combination of practical work experience and solid educational experience has prepared me for making an immediate contribution to your company.‎ 我相信我的实际工作经验和坚实的教育经历相结合已为贵公司立即作出贡献做好了准备。‎ ‎[四背语段语感流畅]　‎ I didn't hesitate to write to you to apply for the job the instant I saw your ad.‎ I have just graduated from a famous university. I can operate the computer freely, and speak English fluently. In addition, I once aided several middle school students with their English free of charge. To support a poor pupil, I had to decrease my daily living cost. The best reward I got was that the child losing parents returned to school. In a word, my university life was richly paid off.‎ I always believe life is hopeful as long as belief lies. Looking forward to your response.‎ 一看到您打出的广告，我就毫不犹豫地给您写信求职了。‎ 我刚从一所名牌大学毕业，我能熟练地操作电脑和流利地说英语。另外，我曾免费帮助几名中学生学习英语。为了资助一名贫穷小学生，我不得不减少我的日常开支。我所得到的最好的回报就是这个孤儿重新回到了校园。总之，我的大学生活得到了丰厚的回报。‎ 我始终相信，只要信念在，生活就有希望。期盼着您的回复。‎ ‎[第一板块　重点词汇突破]　‎ ‎[师生共研词汇]‎ ‎1．reward n．奖赏，回报vt.奖赏；给以报酬 ‎[教材原句]　The old lady is offering a reward of $50 to anyone who finds her cat for her!‎ 老妇人拿50美元给为她找到猫的人！‎ ‎(1)in reward for ... 　　 作为报酬；作为对……的报答 as a reward (for ... ) 作为(对……的)报酬/奖赏 give/offer sb.a reward for sth.‎ ‎ 因为某事而给某人报酬 ‎(2)reward sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而奖赏某人，因为(做)某事给某人报酬 reward sb. with sth. 用某物回报某人 ‎①He gave the children some chocolate as_a_reward_for behaving well.‎ 他给孩子们一些巧克力作为表现好的奖励。‎ ‎②He received a medal in reward for his bravery.‎ ‎＝He was_rewarded_with a medal for his bravery. ‎ 他因勇敢而获得了一枚奖章。‎ ‎③The lady rewarded him for his helping her.‎ 那位女士给了他报酬，因为他帮助了自己。‎ ‎2．charge vt.收费，要价；指控；充电n.负责；费用 ‎ ‎[教材原句]　Lawyers charge higher fees than doctors.‎ 律师比医生收费高。‎ ‎(1)charge sb. money for sth. 向某人索取……的费用 charge sb. with ... 指控某人 ‎(2)in charge of 主管……，掌管/管理……‎ in/under the charge of sb. 在某人掌管之下，由某人负责 take charge of 管理，负责 free of charge＝for free 免费 ‎①I'll be in charge of the whole factory when Mr Black is away.‎ ‎＝The whole factory will be in_the_charge_of me when Mr Black is away.‎ 布莱克先生不在时，由我负责整个工厂。‎ ‎②Someone charged_him_with_taking money and he was sentenced to 10 years in jail.‎ 有人指控他受贿，他被判了10年有期徒刑。‎ ‎③If you put an order for our products, the order will be sent free_of_charge/for_free.‎ 下订单购买我们产品的话，你定的货将免费送达。‎ ‎3．consult vt.请教；查阅 ‎[教材原句]　He should consult Mr.Jensen about the new account on the 24th.‎ 他应该向延森先生咨询24号的最新报道。‎ consult sb. about sth. 向某人请教/咨询某事；‎ ‎ 就某事与某人磋商/交换意见 consult with sb. about sth.　　 与某人商量某事 ‎①If you have any doubts about your health, you'd better ‎ consult_your_doctor at once.(2015·天津高考单选)‎ 如果你对自己的健康有任何的疑问，最好马上咨询你的医生。‎ ‎②You should consult_your_teacher_about which topic to write about.‎ 你应该向你的老师咨询一下写哪个话题。‎ ‎③You should consult with your parents about your future plans.‎ 你应该与父母商量你的未来计划。‎ ‎4．commit vt.投入；使承诺；犯(错误，罪行等)‎ ‎[教材原句]　I discovered then that as long as I am committed and never give up I will be able to produce high quality reports.‎ 那时我发现，只要我具有献身精神，决不放弃，就能写出高质量的报道。‎ ‎(1)commit sb. to (doing) sth.　 使某人承诺(做)某事 commit oneself to (doing) sth. 答应(做)某事 commit sth. to sth. 调拨，拨出……供使用 commit suicide/a crime/a murder 自杀/犯罪/谋杀 ‎(2)commitment n． 承诺；保证；承担义务；奉献 make a commitment/promise 作出承诺 ‎①The contract commits him to playing (play) for the team for the next three years.‎ 合约规定以后3年他要为该队效力。‎ ‎②The local government has committed large amounts of money to housing projects.‎ 当地政府调拨大量资金用于住房工程。‎ ‎③The couple made_a_commitment to their holy marriage that they ‎ will never betray each other.‎ 这对夫妻向他们神圣的婚姻作出承诺绝不背叛对方。‎ ‎5．hesitate v．犹豫，踌躇，不愿意，有顾虑 ‎[高考佳句]　If you want to know more about Chinese history, don't hesitate to ask me.(2016·北京高考书面表达)‎ 如果你想了解更多的中国历史，就直接来问我。‎ ‎(1)hesitate to do sth.　 不愿意做某事，对做某事有顾虑 hesitate about/over (doing) sth. 对(做)某事犹豫不决 ‎(2)hesitation n. 踌躇，犹豫 without hesitation 毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth.　 毫不犹豫地做某事 ‎①If there is something else I can do for you, please don't hesitate to_contact (contact) me.(2015·天津高考书面表达)‎ 如果我还能为你做点什么，请马上与我联系。‎ ‎②She hesitated_about/over the choice between the two dresses.‎ 她对到底选择这两件衣服中的哪一件犹豫不决。‎ ‎③I would have_no_hesitation_in recommending Philip for the position.‎ 我非常愿意推荐菲利普担任这一职务。‎ ‎6．decrease v．& n．减少，降低 ‎[教材原句]　Jobs in farming, coal mining and heavy industry are decreasing rapidly.‎ 农业、煤矿业和重工业的职位正迅速减少。‎ ‎(1)decrease in ...　　　　　 在……(方面)降低/减少 decrease to/by ... 减少到/减少了……‎ decrease from ...to ... 从……减少/降低到……‎ ‎(2)on the decrease/increase 正在减少/增加 ‎①There has been a decrease in the number of employees this year.‎ 今年就业人数有所下降。‎ ‎②In our school the number of students who are addicted to computer games is on_the_decrease.‎ 在我们学校沉迷网络游戏的学生数目正在下降。‎ ‎③Because of the flood, the rice production has decreased by 18% in the region.‎ 由于洪水，这个地区的大米产量已经下降了18%。‎ ‎[联想发散]　像decrease to/by... 表示“减少到/减少了……”类似用法的动词还有：increase, reduce, decline, drop等。‎ ‎7．operate vi.运转；运作；做手术，起作用vt.操作；经营 ‎[教材原句]　Similarly, companies will operate in different ways.‎ 类似地，公司也会以多种形式运营。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出句中operate的含义 ‎①People were trapped between floors because the lift didn't operate properly.运转 ‎②This machine was so complex that everyone found it difficult to operate.操作 ‎③Having seen the Xray, the doctor decided to operate on the patient.做手术 ‎④The medicine will operate in ten minutes.起作用 ‎⑤The Lewis family operated a number of boats on the canal.经营 ‎(1)operate on＝give/perform an operation on ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　 给……动手术 ‎(2)operation n. 运作；经营；手术 bring/put ...into operation 使……运作/转；实施 come/go into operation 实施，开始生效 in operation 在运行/转中，起作用 ‎⑥It's reported that the local government will bring/put_the_new_law_into_operation next month.‎ 据报道当地政府将于下个月实施这部新法律。 ‎ ‎⑦Protective clothing must be worn when the machine is in_operation.‎ 这台机器运转时，必须穿上防护服。‎ ‎[名师点津]　operate可单独使用，用主动形式表示被动意义，这时其后常跟副词well, properly等。‎ ‎8．respond vi.反应；回复，回答 ‎[教材原句]　Many more people will work for small, dynamic companies which can respond quickly to changes in the market.‎ 很多人将在那些充满活力的小公司里工作，因为这些公司能够对市场的变化迅速地作出反应。‎ ‎(1)respond to　　　　　　　 回答……，对……作出反应 ‎(2)response n. 回答；反应；响应 make a/no response to ... 对……给予/没有回答 in response to 作为对……的反应 ‎①Much to my disappointment, he made_no_response_to my ‎ suggestion.‎ 令我感到非常失望的是，他对我的建议未做出回应。‎ ‎②Receiving a text does not mean you need to respond_to it.‎ 接收到一条信息并不意味着你需要回复。‎ ‎③In_response_to the economic crisis, the government has taken a series of measures.‎ 为应对经济危机，政府已经采取了一系列措施。‎ ‎9．bother vt.烦扰，打扰，使恼怒，使不安vi.烦恼，担心，麻烦，费心n.麻烦；令人烦恼的事或人 ‎　[高考佳句]　I'm sorry to bother you, but could you direct me to the station？(2014·湖北高考短文写作)‎ 对不起打扰你了，你能告诉我去车站的路吗？‎ ‎(1)bother sb. with/about sth. 因某事麻烦(打扰)某人 bother about sth. 为某事费心，为某事烦恼 bother to do/doing sth. 费/操心做某事 It bothers/bothered sb. that ...‎ ‎ 使某人烦恼/担心的是……‎ ‎(2)put sb. to any bother 给某人添乱 why bother 没有必要吧；何苦那么麻烦 ‎①Most of the papers didn't even bother reporting/to_report (report) it.‎ 大多数报纸甚至懒得去报道这件事。‎ ‎②It_bothers_me_that I can't get in touch with one of my old friends.‎ 使我烦恼的是，我跟一个老朋友联系不上了。‎ ‎③You needn't bother yourself about/with small things.‎ 你用不着为琐事烦恼。‎ ‎[自主练通词汇]‎ ‎1．quarrel vi.& n．争吵；吵架 单句语法填空/句型转换/补全句子 ‎①I quarreled with my sister about who should do the dishes last night.‎ ‎②They quarreled with each other about money.‎ ‎→They had a quarrel with each other about money.‎ ‎③He regretted having_a_quarrel_with (和……争吵) his best friend over small affairs.‎ ‎2．existence n．存在；生活 单句语法填空/补全句子 ‎①The organization has been in existence (exist) for 25 years.‎ ‎②There is a good way to solve the existing (exist) problem at present.‎ ‎③Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came_into_existence (形成，出现)．‎ ‎④It was impossible for them to exist_on_such_a_small_income (依靠这一点收入生活)．‎ ‎3．envy n．& vt.嫉妒，羡慕 单句语法填空/补全句子 ‎①His attitudes towards him were out of envy. ‎ ‎②She looked at the others with envy.‎ ‎③Classmates of mine were envious (envy) of my great progress.‎ ‎④We all envy_him_the_good_chance (羡慕他有……的好机会) to ‎ pursue further education.‎ ‎⑤Their English teacher favors John, which makes him the_envy_of_the_other_kids (其他孩子嫉妒的对象)．‎ ‎4．panic v．& n．恐慌；惊慌 单句语法填空/补全句子 ‎①She got into a real panic when she lost sight of her parents in the crowd.‎ ‎②Most of the students were in a panic after seeing some signs of earthquake.‎ ‎③The panic over food safety should be taken seriously by the government.‎ ‎④There's no point (in) getting_into_a_panic (陷入恐慌) about the exam. It's not as difficult as you imagine.‎ ‎⑤One member of the rescue team told the reporter that the trapped people were_not_in_a_panic (没有处于恐慌中)．‎ ‎[词汇过关练]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．You are my best friend. I hope you don't hesitate to_tell (tell) me if you have any trouble.‎ ‎2．In response (respond) to complaints, the company reviewed its safety procedures.‎ ‎3．In the good care of the nurses, the boy is gradually recovering from his heart operation (operate)．‎ ‎4．The government committed itself to reducing (reduce) taxes.‎ ‎5．The existence (exist) of the museum is threatened by lack of funding. ‎ ‎6．After consulting the doctor about her disease, she knew it wasn't serious and felt much relaxed.‎ ‎7．To her surprise, she got so much in reward for her bravery.‎ ‎8．As long as you've paid in advance, we won't charge you for delivery.‎ ‎9．The number of this bird has decreased by 10% in recent 5 years.‎ ‎10．The professor is so busy that you'd better not bother him about/with small things.‎ ‎11．I can hardly imagine she should hurt her friend out of envy.‎ ‎12．I used to quarrel a lot with my parents over small trifles, but now we get along well.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．The government must commit itself to improve social security and health care.improve→improving ‎2．The unemployment rate in the city decreased to 20% last year.to→by ‎3．Has the university responded your application？responded后加to ‎4．She was very anxious while her husband was being operated.operated后加_on ‎5．Hong Kong was once in charge of the British for one and half a century.in后加the ‎6．I was presented with a new dictionary as reward for my progress.as后加a Ⅲ.单句写作(补全句子/一句多译)‎ ‎1．He made_a_commitment (作出承诺) to us that he would never ‎ commit_a_crime (犯罪)．‎ ‎2．The area of farmland in China is on_the_decrease (在减少)．‎ ‎3．We had better bring/put_the_plan_into_operation (让计划实施) as soon as possible so as to complete it ahead of the deadline.‎ ‎4．He has_made_an_appointment_to_see_the_doctor (他约好了看医生) after work.‎ ‎5．He quarreled_with_his_best_friend (和他最好的朋友争吵) about the issue yesterday, but they make up today.‎ ‎6．We are willing to consult_together_with_my_classmates_about (和我的同学们一起商量关于) the difficult problem.‎ ‎7．那位老教授因对国家的贡献而获得光荣称号。‎ ‎①The old professor received a title as_a_reward_for his contributions to the nation.(reward n．)‎ ‎②The old professor received a title in_reward_for his contributions to the nation.(reward n．)‎ ‎③The old professor was_rewarded_with a title for his contributions to the nation.(reward v．)‎ ‎8．明年这个部门将由我来接管。‎ ‎①The department will be in_the_charge_of me next year.‎ ‎②I will be in_charge_of the department next year.‎ ‎[第二板块　短语、句式突破]　‎ ‎1．make up占，构成；弥补；编造；整理；化妆；和好；组成 ‎[经典例句]　He made up some excuse about his daughter being sick. (牛津P1056)‎ 他编了个借口，说他的女儿病倒了。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出句中make up的含义 ‎①In order to attend the important meeting, she spend too much time making herself up.化妆 ‎②They quarreled over trifles and never made up again.和好 ‎③Don't make up any excuse for your being late again.编造 ‎④Peasants make up over 80 percent of the population in that developing country.占，构成 ‎⑤Can I leave early this time and make up the time next time?_弥补 make out　　　　　　 (费力)理解；假装；辨认出；看清楚 make it 取得成功；准时到达；做到了 be made up of 由……组成 make for 移向；走向，促成；有利于 make up for 弥补，补偿 make up one's mind 下定决心 ‎⑥They'll do all they can to make_up_for the economic losses.‎ 他们要尽一切力量弥补这些经济损失。‎ ‎[联想发散]　be made up of 表示“由……组成/构成”，其同义短语还有：consist of, be composed of等。‎ ‎2．turn over翻身，翻转；移交，交付 ‎[经典例句]　The local police turned him over to the FBI.‎ 当地警方把他移交给了联邦调查局。 ‎ turn up　　　　 出现，到达；开大音量 turn on 打开；突然攻击某人 turn off ‎ 关掉(煤气、水、电、收音机、电视机等)‎ turn out 证明是，结果是 turn down 关小；拒绝 turn to 翻到；求助于 ‎①We wanted to get home before dark but it didn't turn_out as planned.‎ ‎ 我们原计划天黑之前到家，但结果却不像计划的那样。‎ ‎②The more depressed he got, the more he turned_to drink.‎ 他情绪越低落越是借酒消愁。‎ ‎3．in case以防万一；万一；假如 ‎[高考佳句]　It was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.(2015·福建高考单选)‎ 迈克尔真是体贴，他通知我们他会晚点来以防我们着急。‎ in case of ...　　　　　 假如……，在……情况下 in any case 无论如何，不管怎样 in no case 绝不，在任何情况下都不(位于句首时，句子部 ‎ 分倒装)‎ in this/that case 如果是这样/那样 as is often the case 这是常有的事 ‎①Please leave your phone number in_case we lose touch in_case_of emergency.‎ 请留下你的电话号码，以防有紧急情况发生时我们失去联系。‎ ‎②In no case should_anyone be allowed to smoke in the meeting room.‎ 任何人都不允许在会议室抽烟。‎ ‎③There is no shortcut, as_is_often_the_case in study.‎ 学习往往如此，它没有捷径。‎ ‎[名师点津]　in case后跟状语从句时，从句用一般现在时表示将来，有时可用“should＋动词原形”。而in case of后跟名词，不跟从句。‎ ‎4．Between now and the 21st century, citizens of the world's richest and most advanced nations will find_it_more_and_more_difficult_to_keep_up_with the demand for change.‎ 在现在和21世纪的这段时期，这个世界上最富裕和最先进的国家的公民将会发现赶上变化的需求越来越难了。‎ ‎(1)句中使用了“find＋it＋adj.＋to do sth.”结构。其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语。‎ ‎①I found_it_difficult_to_work_out_the_problem,_so I gave up at last.‎ 我发现很难解决这个问题，所以最后我放弃了。‎ ‎(2)it 作形式宾语常用于“动词＋it＋宾补＋真正的宾语”即“6123”结构中：‎ ‎②No matter where he is, he_makes_it_a_rule_to_go_for_a_walk after supper.‎ 不管在哪里，晚饭后都要去散步，这是他的惯例。‎ ‎③He said a lot but didn't make_it_clear when and where the meeting would be held.‎ 他说了很多但还没有说明白这个会议什么时候在哪里召开。‎ ‎④Nobody thinks_it_possible that one can have a good command of a foreign language without working hard.‎ 没有人认为不需要努力就能够精通一门外语是可能的。‎ ‎5．I discovered then that as_long_as I am committed and never give up I will be able to produce high quality reports.‎ 那时我发现，只要我具有献身精神，决不放弃，就能写出高质量的报道。‎ ‎　(1)as long as/so long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。‎ ‎①As_long_as we stick to our dreams, we will become a winner sooner or later.‎ 只要我们坚持梦想，我们迟早会成为赢家。‎ ‎(2)引导条件状语从句的其他连词还有： unless, in case, on condition that, provided/providing (that), suppose/supposing (that), assuming (that), (only) if, given (that) 等。‎ ‎②I always believe life is hopeful on_condition_that belief lies.‎ 只要有信念我始终相信生活充满希望。‎ ‎③You'll miss the train unless you hurry up.‎ 除非你快点，否则会错过火车。‎ ‎[短语、句式过关练]‎ Ⅰ.用make短语填空(make up one's mind/make out/make up for/be made up of)‎ ‎1．He wrote in such a mess that I could hardly make_out a single word.‎ ‎2．She made_up_her_mind_ to work twice as hard as before to make_up_for the lost time.‎ ‎3．The BRICS is_made_up_of four countries along with China.‎ Ⅱ.用case短语填空(in case of/in case/in any case/in that case)‎ ‎1．You'd better take an umbrella with you in_case it rains.‎ ‎＝You'd better take an umbrella with you in_case_of rain.‎ ‎2．It is said that we'll have to do extra work on Sunday.In_that_case,_we can't go to a movie.‎ ‎3．In_any_case,_you must hand in your homework on time.‎ Ⅲ.用turn短语完成下面语段(turn on/turn down/turn ... up/turn out/turn to/turn off/turn ... over)‎ 今天早上，我的外祖母像往常一样打开收音机听新闻。她感到有点听不清，因此她放大了音量。但无济于事。她只好向我的父亲寻求帮助。我看到父亲关掉收音机，反复检查是哪里出了故障。最后查明是按钮坏了。我父亲很快就修好了并告知我的奶奶把音量调低，因为邻居的小孩正在睡觉。‎ This morning, my grandmother 1.turned_on_the radio to listen to news as usual. She felt she couldn't hear clearly, so she 2.turned it up. But it was no use. She had to 3.turn_to my father for help. I saw my father 4.turn_off the radio and 5.turn it over to see what was wrong. It 6.turned_out that the button didn't work any more. My father repaired it and told my grandmother to 7.turn_down the radio, for the neighbor's little baby was asleep at that time.‎ Ⅳ.句型转换/补全句子 ‎1．We can take it into consideration as long as the price is reduced.‎ ‎→We can take it into consideration on condition that the price is reduced.‎ ‎2．Whatever you go, I'll be right here waiting for you.‎ ‎→No matter where you go, I'll be right here waiting for you.‎ ‎3．In fact, I still find it is difficult to get along well with him.‎ ‎→In fact, I still find it difficult_to get along well with him.‎ ‎4．能代表学校发表演讲，我感到很荣幸。‎ I feel_it_an_honor that I can make a speech on behalf of my school.‎ ‎5．只要你赢得比赛，你就会被我们大学录取。‎ As_long_as_you_win_the_competition,_you will be admitted to our university.‎ ‎6．不管她回家多晚，出去遛狗大约一个小时已经成为了一个习惯。‎ No_matter_how_late she comes home, she makes_it_a_routine to walk her dog for about an hour.‎ 提能一　用课文词汇写高分作文 take charge of， operate， pay off， hesitate， grasp， envy， not ... but ...， no matter what ‎1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)‎ ‎①我的好朋友史密斯先生掌管着一家公司。‎ Mr. Smith, who is my good friend, takes_charge_of_a_company.‎ ‎②他遇到了很多困难，但都努力克服了。‎ He met_with a lot of difficulties, but he managed_to_overcome them.‎ ‎③他的付出得到了回报，现在他的公司运转得很好。‎ His efforts paid_off and now his company operates_very_well.‎ ‎④他经常说智慧和判断力在通向成功的路上是很重要的。‎ He often says that wisdom and judgement are_of_great_importance ‎ on the way to success.‎ ‎⑤更重要的是要果断的抓住机遇。‎ What is more important is never_hesitating_to_grasp_opportunities.‎ ‎⑥使自己成为让人羡慕的人在于自己而不是别人。‎ Not_others_but_yourself_make_you_an_envy_to_others.‎ ‎⑦他的经历告诉我们不管发生什么，坚持到底，这样最终的胜利才会属于我们。‎ His experience tells us no_matter_what_happens,_carry it through firmly to the end, and in this way the final victory will belong to us.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎(1)用强调句型升级句⑥(强调主语)‎ It_is_not_others_but_yourself_that_make_you_an_envy_to_others.‎ ‎(2)用whatever和倒装句型升级句⑦‎ His_experience_tells_us_whatever_happens,_carry_it_through_firmly_to_the_end,_and_only_in_this_way_will_the_final_victory_belong_to_us.‎ ‎3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：at the beginning, but)‎ Mr. Smith, who is my good friend, takes charge of a company. At the beginning, he met with a lot of difficulties, but he managed to overcome them. His efforts paid off and now his company operates very well. He often says that wisdom and judgment are of great importance on the way to success, but what is more important is never hesitating to grasp opportunities. It is not others but yourself that make you an envy to others. His experience tells us whatever happens, carry it through firmly to the end, and in this way will the final victory belong to us.‎ 提能二　用课文句型解构高考长难句　[本单元突破点——it 作形式宾语]‎ 经典例句 比较分析 真题尝试翻译 课文长难句 Between now and the 21st century, citizens of the world's richest and most advanced nations will find it more and more difficult to keep up with the demand for change.‎ 句中使用了“find＋it＋adj.＋to do sth.”结构。其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语“to keep up with the demand for change”，形容词 difficult作宾语补足语。‎ 如果Tononi的理论是正确的，它会解释在我们错过一个晚上的睡眠时为何我们会觉得第二天难以集中精力并且难以学习新的信息——这就是我们的大脑可能会有较小的空间来容纳新的经历。‎ 真题长难句 If Tononi's theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night's sleep, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.(2017·北京高考)‎ 本句总体上是一个含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句。主句中含有why引导的宾语从句，宾语从句中又含有一个主从复合句，从句是when引导的时间状语从句，主句中，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语“to concentrate and learn new information”，破折号后的部分是对前一句的解释说明。 ‎ ‎“工作与职业”是高中新课程标准24个话题“社会生活”的子话题，也是高考常考的一个热点话题。这类话题常出现在阅读理解、听力询问对方职业以及写作的求职等题材中。高考在这方面命题有利于引导考生树立正确的人生观和价值观。‎ 一、话题与语篇 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　(2017·6月浙江高考)‎ How to Do ManontheStreet Interviews The manonthestreet interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot. __31__ But with these tips, your first manonthestreet interview experience can be easy.‎ ‎·When your boss or professor sends you out to do manonthestreet interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, “Why do you think environmental protection is important in America？” __32__‎ ‎·Hit the streets with confidence. __33__ Say, “Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.” This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.‎ ‎·Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking on camera. Don't get discouraged.‎ ‎·__34__ Each interview that you get on the street shouldn't be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you ‎ are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you won't be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten. __35__‎ ‎·If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, don't leave work without them.‎ A．Limit your time.‎ B．As you approach people, be polite.‎ C．If you don't own a camera, you can buy one.‎ D．For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.‎ E．To get good and useful results, ask them the same question.‎ F．That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.‎ G．With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply.‎ ‎[策略指导]　‎ ‎(一)这样读文 速读全文，可知文章体裁为说明文。其行文脉络如下：‎ ‎(二)这样做题 ‎[名师解题]‎ ‎31．选D　该段用来引入本文的话题，根据语境尤其是下文中的“But with these tips”和“can be easy”可知，街头的采访对于新的记者来说似乎是富有挑战性的工作，但有了以下建议，就能得心应手了，所以选D。‎ ‎32．选G　由空前的“Why do you think”可知，提问时不要使用可以让对方给出“Yes”或“No”简短回答的问题，而应该提问能让被采访者多说一些内容的问题，故选G。‎ ‎33．选B　由空前的“confidence”和下文中的“Excuse me”和“I was wondering”可知，到街头进行采访时要自信，同时也要有礼貌，故选B。‎ ‎34．选A　由空后的“shouldn't be longer than ten minutes ... move on to the next person”可知，要控制采访的时间，故选A。‎ ‎35．选F　根据空前的“A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten.”可知，采访的次数不要过多，以约6至10次为宜，同时这些采访应当给出所有你需要的答案，故选F。‎ ‎[阅读七选五系列技法1]　根据段落一致性原则解题 段首设空题通常是选择段落主题句或者上下两段的过渡句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。段首设空题通常有以下两种情况：‎ ‎1．属于该段的主题句。首先，浏览一下全文，看看该段与其他段落的首句在结构上是否存在相似性或者一致性，并据此找出相似结构的主题句。其次是速读该段的下文，找出能代表段落中心的线索词，并根据该线索词确定七个备选项中与此意义相近的选项。‎ ‎2．属于段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。‎ 比如上文的第34题，根据空格后一句中的“ten minutes”可知这段要求我们采访时要限制时间。故可判断出A项为本段主题句。‎ ‎(三)这样积累 ‎1．discouraged adj.　　　　　 灰心的；沮丧的 ‎2．interviewee n. 被采访者 ‎3．on the spot 在现场 ‎4．hit the street 走向街头 ‎5．release form 授权协议书 二、话题与写作 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)‎ 假定你是李华，暑假想去一家外资公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历(resume)。给外教Ms Jenkins写信，请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式(format)。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎[写作规范]　‎ 第一步：写对词汇不丢冤枉分 ‎1．随信附上　　　　　　　　 enclose ‎2．附件；附属物 attachment ‎3．简历 resume ‎4．润色 polish ‎5．求助于 turn_to ‎6．申请 apply_for 第二步：列全要点，写对句子保基本分 ‎1．在即将到来的暑假我想在一家外企申请一份兼职工作。‎ I_plan_to_apply_for_a_parttime_job_in_a_foreign_company_in_the_coming_summer_vacation.‎ ‎2．我已经写了我的申请书和个人简历。‎ I_have_written_my_application_letter_and_personal_resume.‎ ‎3．它们被放在了信的附件中。‎ They_are_enclosed_in_the_attachment.‎ ‎4．请您告诉我它们的格式是否正确好吗？‎ Would_you_be_so_kind_as_to_tell_me_if_they_have_been_written_in_the_correct_format?‎ ‎5．如果您能看一下我的申请书和简历，并帮我润色一下的话，我将非常感激。‎ I'd_appreciate_it_very_much_if_you_could_go_over_my_application_letter_and_resume_and_help_me_polish_them.‎ 第三步：句式升级，打造亮点得高分 ‎1．用which引导的非限制性定语从句连接练习2、3‎ I_have_written_my_application_letter_and_personal_resume,_which_are_enclosed_in_the_attachment.‎ ‎2．用for one thing ..., for another ...连接练习4、5‎ For_one_thing,_would_you_be_so_kind_as_to_tell_me_if_they_have_been_written_in_the_correct_format?_For_another,_I'd_appreciate_it_very_much_if_you_could_go_over_my_application_letter_and_resume_and_help_me_polish_them.‎ 第四步：过渡衔接，润色成文创满分 Dear Ms Jenkins，‎ I'm Li Hua, one of your students. I'm writing to turn to you for help. I plan to apply for a parttime job in a foreign company in the coming summer vacation. I have written my application letter and personal resume, which are enclosed in the attachment. For one thing, would you be so kind as to tell me if they have been written in the correct format? For another, I'd appreciate it very much if you could go over my application letter and resume and help me polish them.‎ I'm looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎[单元检测·高考提能] ‎ 单元检测A——语言基础扎根练＋阅读理解提速练 ‎[语言基础扎根练]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．I was unware of his existence (存在) until now.‎ ‎2．I have a commitment (承诺) to them to pay all the debt.‎ ‎3．Due to the strict traffic regulations on drunken driving, the number of accidents from it has greatly decreased (减少)．‎ ‎4．If you don't feel well, remember to consult_ (咨询) your doctor before taking any medicine.‎ ‎5．Not that the mechine is out of order, but that I have not learned to operate (操作) it.‎ ‎6．I reminded him of the appointment, but he didn't make any response (反应)．‎ ‎7．The bylaw makes it illegal (非法的) to drink in certain areas.‎ ‎8．She is constantly (constant) under pressure and it is affecting her ‎ health.‎ ‎9．On hearing the news that my grandpa became ill, we went to the hospital instantly (instant)．‎ ‎10．Without hesitation (hesitate) the brave soldier jumped into the lake to save the drowning child.‎ ‎11．Some insects take on the colour of their surroundings (surround) to protect themselves.‎ ‎12．Lie down on your bed and make yourself comfortable (comfort)．‎ ‎13．The head went on a tour of inspection (inspect) of all the classroom.‎ ‎14．I have made an appointment (appoint) with Doctor Smith.‎ ‎15．The basic (basis) pay of the average worker has risen by 3 percent.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．In my opinion, it's not the passengers but the driver are to blame.are→is ‎2．By the end of the study, that percentage had decreased to half, to 45 percent.to→by ‎3．The doctor in the charge of the operation was taken to the police station to give an explanation of the medical accident.去掉第二个the ‎4．The seriously injured patient must be operated immediately.operated后加on ‎5．After graduation from college, they made up their mind to go and settle in the countryside.mind→minds ‎6．Which is often the case in nature, some plants are so sensitive to temperature that they can only survive in cool places.Which→As ‎7．The fisherman saved the life of a golden fish, and the golden fish fulfilled his three wishes as reward.as后加a ‎8．She is a reliable friend whom we can depend on to come to us aid.us→our ‎9．I didn't arrive at the appointing time because of the rain.appointing→appointed ‎10．No sooner had the game started when it began to rain heavily.when→than Ⅲ.补全句子 ‎1．上一个月我因工作勤奋而受到奖赏。让我高兴的是我所有的努力得到了回报。‎ I was rewarded due_to my hard work last month. To my delight, all_my_efforts_paid_off.‎ ‎2．我对他一见钟情。‎ The_instant/moment/minute_I_saw_him,_I fell in love with him.‎ ‎3．事实上，他还是觉得住在乡下比较惬意。‎ As a matter of fact, he still feel_it_comfortable_to_live_in_the_countryside.‎ ‎4．据说没有杰克逊先生的许可，学生决不允许进入这个实验室。‎ It is said that in_no_case_can_the_students_be_allowed_to enter the laboratory without Mr. Jackson's permission.‎ ‎5．那位知名影星没有对正在广泛传播的流言蜚语给予回应。‎ The famous film star made_no_response to the widely spreaded rumors.‎ ‎6．我英语老师经常告诉我，万一有困难要毫不犹豫地向他请教。在他的帮助下，我克服了很多困难。‎ My English teacher often told me to consult_him_without_hesitation_in_case I met with difficulties. With_the_aid_of_him,_I have overcome many difficulties.‎ ‎[阅读理解提速练]‎ A Discover secret vineyards (葡萄园) and beaches as you cruise down the shores of the St. Lawrence, Canada.‎ DAY 1‎ Visit local farms and learn to cook up fresh creations with From the Farm Cooking School. Tour the brewery and taste locallycrafted beers at Barley Days Brewery in Picton. Hunt for treasures at Dead People's Stuff Antiques in Bloomfield, then try the allnatural Slickers County Ice Cream.‎ DAY 2‎ Huff Estates Winery offers an awardwinning Pinot Gris wine that you can taste while visiting Oeno Gallery. Continue on to the Old Third Vineyard that focuses on superb Pinot Noir wine. Stop and shop at the Lavender Farm, then tour the Grange of Prince Edward. Explore the village of Wellington and refresh at the Drake Devonshire with a cocktail (鸡尾酒)．‎ DAY 3‎ Walk the sandy beach at Sandbanks Provincial Park. Stop at the County Cider (苹果酒) Company in Waupoos, with excellent cider and lake views. Drive onto the Glenora Ferry for a relaxing 10minute trip across to Adolphustown. Follow the historic Loyalist Parkway along the Lake Ontario shoreline for the scenic route to Kingston.‎ DAY 4‎ Explore Kingston's historic and contemporary architecture and stop ‎ at Stone City Ales for a snack and fresh brew. Visit Fort Henry, a 19thcentury fortress (要塞) museum: pick up homemade bread and candy, while taking in the best views of the city and Lake Ontario. Shop along Brock and Princess streets, and build up your own collection of handcrafted goods to take home.‎ PLACES TO STAY ‎·Angeline's Inn, Bloomfield ‎·Drake Devonshire, Wellington ‎·Frontenac Club Inn, Kingston PLACES TO EAT ‎·Agrarian Bistro & Speakeasy, Bloomfield ‎·East & Main Bistro, Wellington ‎·Chez Piggy, Kingston ‎1．Where can you taste Pinot Gris wine on DAY 2?‎ A．At the Lavender Farm.‎ B．At Huff Estates Winery.‎ C．At the Drake Devonshire.‎ D．At the Old Third Vineyard.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Huff Estates Winery offers an awardwinning Pinot Gris wine that you can taste”可知答案。‎ ‎2．What can you do on DAY 4?‎ A．Brew beers.　　　　　 B．Visit a museum.‎ C．Make handicrafts. D．Drive along Lake Ontario.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Visit Fort Henry, a 19thcentury fortress (要塞) museum”可知，第四天有参观博物馆的行程。‎ ‎3．What type of writing is the text?‎ A．A travel plan. B．An advertisement.‎ C．A guide to alcohol. D．An announcement.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据文中的Discover, cruise, Visit, Tour, Hunt for, Stop, shop, Explore, taking in等及对各种景点的介绍可知，本文与旅游有关；再根据文中DAY 1，DAY 2，DAY 3，DAY 4的日程安排和文末PLACES TO STAY及PLACES TO EAT的介绍可知，本文是则旅游行程安排。‎ B ‎(2018·河南省三湘名校教育联盟联考)In many developed countries, people who have high degrees begin to work longer than those who don't. About 65% of American men aged 62－74 with a professional degree are in the workforce (劳动人口), compared with 32% of men who only finish high school. This gap is part of a deepening divide between the welleducated wealthy and the unskilled poor. Rapid technological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the unskilled. The consequences, for individuals and society, are profound.‎ The world is facing an astonishing rise in the number of old people, and they will live longer than ever before. Over the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600 million to 1.1 billion. The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity (长寿) translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift (变化) will lead to slower economic growth, while the swelling (渐增的) ranks of pensioners will create government budget problems.‎ Policies are partly responsible. Many European governments have ‎ abandoned policies that used to encourage people to retire early. Even the betteroff must work longer to have a comfortable retirement. But the changing nature of work also plays a big role. Pay has risen sharply for the highly educated, and those people continue to reap (获得) rich rewards into old age because these days the educated elderly are more productive than the preceding (先前的) generation. Technological change may well reinforce (强化) that shift: the skills that complement (补充) computers, from management knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.‎ ‎4．What is the common phenomenon in the workforce in rich countries?‎ A．Younger people are replacing the elderly.‎ B．Welleducated people tend to work longer.‎ C．People with no college degree cannot find any job.‎ D．Unemployment rates are decreasing year after year.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第一句“In many developed countries, people who have high degrees begin to work longer than those who don't”可知，在发达国家，受过良好教育的人的工作年限更长，故选B。‎ ‎5．In view of the experience of the 20th century, many observers predict that ________.‎ A．economic growth will slow down B．government budgets will decrease C．more people will try to receive higher education D．there will be more competition in the job market 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“The experience ‎ of the 20th century, when greater longevity (长寿) translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift (变化) will lead to slower economic growth, while the swelling (渐增的) ranks of pensioners will create government budget problems”可知，选A。‎ ‎6．According to the text, what is the result of policy changes in European countries?‎ A．Unskilled workers may choose to retire early.‎ B．More and more people have to go abroad to hunt for jobs.‎ C．People may be able to use computers to do more complicated work.‎ D．Even wealthy people must work longer to live comfortably in retirement.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段的第三句“Even the betteroff must work longer to have a comfortable retirement”可知，欧洲国家政策的变化导致富有的人也必须工作更长时间才能过上舒服的退休生活，故选D。‎ ‎7．The underlined word “knowhow” in the last paragraph probably refers to “________”．‎ A．a completely different environment B．practical knowledge and technical skills C．a better understanding of policy changes D．the courage to face difficulties and dangers 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据最后一段的最后一句“Technological change may well reinforce (强化) that shift: the skills that complement (补充) computers, from management knowhow to ‎ creativity, do not necessarily decline with age”可知，knowhow是对skills的限定修饰，由此可推知，knowhow指相应的技能和知识，故选B。‎ 单元检测B——完形填空精准练＋失分题型强化练 ‎[完形填空精准练]‎ ‎(2018·河南省八市测评)Online education may sound pretty good. However, there can be considerable __1__ for some students.‎ Some online programs give you the chance to use an instant messenger or Skype to __2__ in real time with your professors. But these conversations have to be __3__ and are usually __4__ compared to the daily facetoface interactions (交流) you'll have in a(n) __5__ classroom. If you're a student who __6__ large lecture courses, then this may not __7__ much to you. But if you're the kind of student who prefers smaller lecture courses and likes to __8__ a lot of questions, then you may find yourself __9__ without these chances.‎ Since you're not studying in a traditional classroom, you'll also __10__ having facetoface communication with other students. This can make you __11__ important networking chances for your future career (职业), __12__ basic social interactions. __13__ you hope to make new friends — or find future business partners — in school, consider taking at least a couple of your __14__ in school.‎ Most online programs keep their technology instructions __15__ on purpose: a word processing program, a PDF reader, a computer and Internet connection, which most students can use. But these basic requirements __16__ the fact that most online education programs __17__ students to deal with complex virtual (虚拟的) learning ‎ environments. For skilled computer __18__， this is no problem. __19__， if you often find yourself struggling with the digital age, this can make you feel less __20__ about completing your coursework.‎ 语篇解读：本文是说明文。网络教学听起来相当不错。然而，对于一些学生来说，网络教学也存在一些不足之处。‎ ‎1．A.requirements　　　　　　 B．disadvantages C．regulations D．embarrassments 解析：选B　根据However可知，本句内容与上句之间存在转折关系，所以指的是缺点。‎ ‎2．A.research B．exercise C．play D．chat 解析：选D　根据该空后的“But these conversations”可知，网络教学是学生与授课者通过一些软件进行即时交谈的方式来实现的。‎ ‎3．A.scheduled B．continued C．recorded D．interrupted 解析：选A　根据上一句可知，这些交谈必须是安排好的。‎ ‎4．A.formal B．rare C．easy D．private 解析：选B　根据该空后内容可知，此处是将网上的课堂交流与传统的课堂交流相比较，故网上的课堂交流会比较少。‎ ‎5．A.traditional B．public C．advanced D．large 解析：选A　根据该空前的“facetoface interactions”可知，此处指的是传统课堂。‎ ‎6．A.completes B．admires C．experiences D．prefers 解析：选D　由下文中的“But if you're the kind of student who prefers”可知答案。‎ ‎7．A.mean B．refer C．matter D．occur 解析：选C　由语境可知，如果你喜欢规模庞大的授课方式，这(指上文提到的网络教学的定时以及课时少的特点)对你来说没有什么两样。‎ ‎8．A.face B．answer C．create D．ask 解析：选D　但如果你喜欢小型讨论，而且喜欢提问题，那么你就会发现网络教学让你感到很痛苦，因为网络教学没有给你提供这样的机会。‎ ‎9．A.struggling B．hesitating C．stopping D．escaping 解析：选A　根据该空所在句开头的But可知，该句内容与上句存在转折关系，故此处指的是没有这样的机会，你会感到很痛苦。‎ ‎10．A.appreciate B．risk C．enjoy D．miss 解析：选D　既然你不在传统课堂上学习，你就失去了与其他同学互动的机会。 ‎ ‎11．A.give B．lose C．ignore D．refuse 解析：选B　不能与其他同学互动，你就会失去你将来的职业生涯所需要的人际网和基本的人际交流。‎ ‎12．A.with regard to B．in place of C．as well as D．on account of 解析：选C　future career和basic social interactions之间是并列关系。‎ ‎13．A.Although B．If C．Since D．When 解析：选B　如果你希望结交新朋友或者寻找商业伙伴，要至少在学校里学习几门功课。‎ ‎14．A.decisions B．exams C．courses D．chances 解析：选C　参见上题解析。‎ ‎15．A.expensive B．funny C．hard D．simple 解析：选D　根据冒号后的内容可知，很多网络教学软件操作简单。‎ ‎16．A.hide B．prove C．explain D．recognize 解析：选A　但这些基本要求掩盖了一个事实：多数网络教学要求学生应对一些复杂的虚拟学习环境。‎ ‎17．A.help B．require C．allow D．remind 解析：选B　参见上题解析。‎ ‎18．A.teachers B．makers C．users D．repairers 解析：选C　根据上句可知，此处指的是娴熟的计算机使用者。‎ ‎19．A.However B．Otherwise C．Therefore D．Meanwhile 解析：选A　根据“this is no problem”和“struggling with the digital age”可知，应选However。‎ ‎20．A.serious B．nervous C．confident D．careful 解析：选C　根据“if you often find yourself struggling with the digital age”可知，你会对完成课业没有信心。‎ ‎[失分题型强化练]‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 ‎(2018·天津市红桥区重点中学八校联考)You are the only person that you can and ought to rely on.‎ Friends are of great __1__ (important) in our lives. It is __2__ (fortune) to have some devoted ones. However, there will always be circumstances __3__ which your friends will let you down.‎ The only people who may give up their lives __4__ (save) yours are members of your family — most likely one of your __5__ (parent). Parents share a bond with their children __6__ at times can be extremely strong. However, I am sure you have plenty of examples of __7__ you can't always count on your parents.‎ We human beings __8__ (build) to survive on our own. In our world, we are the centre of it and it is natural that we put __9__ (we) ahead of others. Therefore, I suggest __10__ (learn) to stand on your own two feet because it will make it easier to stand alone when things get ugly and there is no one to help you. You must be ready to take on any burden yourself if that is the only possible solution.‎ 语篇解读：本文是议论文。朋友、父母等会给予我们帮助，但我们不能完全依赖他们。依靠别人是暂时的，依靠自己才是永恒的。‎ ‎1．importance　空格中所填单词前有形容词great修饰，故用important的名词形式。‎ ‎2．fortunate　空格中所填单词在句中作表语，故用fortune的形容词形式。‎ ‎3．in/under　此处which前缺一个介词，再根据circumstances可知，此处应填in或under。‎ ‎4．to save　to save yours是不定式短语作状语，表示目的。‎ ‎5．parents　one of后的名词应用复数形式。‎ ‎6．which/that　根据句子结构可知，该空是定语从句的关系词，先行词是bond，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填which或that。‎ ‎7．why　此处意思是“为什么你不能总依赖你的父母”，故此处填why。‎ ‎8．are built　主语We human beings是谓语动词动作build的承受者，用被动语态；这里说的是一般性情况，用一般现在时。‎ ‎9．ourselves　该句意思是“我们把自己排在他人前面是自然的事”，故用we的反身代词形式。‎ ‎10．learning　suggest doing sth.“建议做某事”。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 I fell in love with read books when I was a child. That I take pride in is the wide variety of books in my house. Books can keep my mind young, my heart warmly and my soul bright. Not only they bring me knowledge, laughter and joy, but also they connect me with the wisdoms of the past and the new ideas of the present. Meanwhile, they help me move on the right path as I journeyed through my life. People are like the ‎ books. Some people have beautiful appearance and don't have much inside him. Others are filling with knowledge. Reading them can enrich my whole life.‎ 答案：第一句：read→reading 第二句：That→What 第三句：warmly→warm 第四句：only后加do; wisdoms→wisdom 第五句：journeyed→journey 第六句：去掉the 第七句：and→but; him→them 第八句：filling→filled