【英语】2018届人教版必修5一轮复习：Unit3　Lifeinthefuture单元学案（17页）

【英语】2018届人教版必修5一轮复习：Unit3　Lifeinthefuture单元学案（17页）

Unit 3　Life in the future学案 一、单词—— 写 得 准 用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空)‎ ‎1.aspect n．　　　　　　　　　　方面；层面 ‎ ‎2.previous adj. 在前的；早先的 ‎3.uncertain adj. 不确切的；无把握的 ‎4.guide n. 指导；向导；导游 vt. 指引；指导 ‎5.lack vi.&vt. 缺乏；没有 n. 缺乏；短缺的东西 ‎6.optimistic adj. 乐观(主义)的 ‎7.material n. 原料；材料 ‎8.recycle vt. 回收利用；再利用 ‎9.impression n．印象；感想；印记→impress v．使留下印象→impressive ‎ adj.给人以深刻印象的 ‎10.constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的→constantly adv.不断地 ‎11.surroundings n．周围的事物；环境→surround vt.环绕；包围→surrounding adj.周围的 ‎1.They have decided to make a few adjustments (adjust) to their travelling plan.‎ ‎2.As I walked through the town, I was constantly (constant) reminded of my childhood.‎ ‎3.We are in instant need of help. Please tell us instantly they arrive.(instant)‎ ‎4.I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class and no one will be tolerant of that.(tolerate)‎ ‎5.The city of Hangzhou is really an impressive place. Especially the famous West Lake always leaves quite an impression on the visitors. I was strongly impressed by its beauty the first time I visited it.(impress)‎ ‎6.The famous star was enjoying the pleasant surroundings when he was recognized and was surrounded by a crowd of fans. (surround)‎ ‎12.press vi.& vt.按；压；逼迫 n．按；压；新闻；印刷→pressure n．压力 ‎13.adjustment n．调整；调节→adjust vt.调整；调节 ‎14.tolerate vt.容忍；忍受→tolerance n．容忍；忍受→tolerant adj.宽容的；‎ 容忍的 ‎15.instant n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的→instantly adv.立即；立刻 ‎16.settlement n．定居；解决→settle v．定居；解决→settler n．定居者 ‎⇩ ‎1.单复数意义不同的名词集锦 ‎①good善行；利益；goods货物 ‎②brain脑髓；brains 智者；智慧 ‎③custom习惯；风俗 customs海关；关税 ‎④instruction 教授；传授 instructions用法说明；操作指南 ‎⑤look脸色；看；looks容貌 ‎⑥pain痛苦；pains 辛苦；努力 ‎⑦sand沙子；sands沙滩 ‎⑧time时间；times时代 ‎⑨work工作； works工厂 ‎⑩oil油； oils油彩 ‎2.press家族 ‎①press v．&n.　　　按；压 ‎②pressure n. 压力 ‎③impress v．　　　　留下印象 ‎④impression n. 印象 ‎⑤express v. 表达 ‎⑥expression n. 表达；表情 ‎3.“容忍”的各种表达 ‎①tolerate vt. 忍受 ‎②bear vt. 忍受 ‎③stand vt. 忍受 ‎④put up with 忍受；容忍 二、短语—— 写 得 准 用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.take_up　　　　　　　　拿起；接受；开始；继续；占用 ‎2.suffer_from 患有(疾病等)；为……受苦 ‎3.as_a_result 结果；因此 ‎4.be_greedy_for_..._ 对……贪婪 ‎5.(a)_lack_of 缺乏……‎ ‎6.be_back_on_one's_feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原 ‎7.lose_sight_of_..._ 看不见……‎ ‎8.in_all_directions 向四面八方 ‎9.sweep_up 打扫；横扫 ‎10.slide_into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进……‎ ‎11.remind_sb._of_... 使某人想起……‎ ‎12.speed_up 加速 ‎1.Tom thought carefully for several days and decided to_take_up the job.‎ ‎2.Nobody noticed when he entered the classroom; he slid_into it from the back door.‎ ‎3.She showed a_lack_of responsibility, so she lost the good opportunity.‎ ‎4.Don't leave her alone to sweep_up the house after the party.‎ ‎5.Many countries are faced with the problem about how to speed_up economic development.‎ ‎6.I watched the plane go higher and higher until I lost_sight_of it.‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.“v.＋from”短语荟萃 ‎①suffer from　遭受 ‎②result from　　因……而起 ‎③adapt from 从……改编 ‎④escape from 从……逃脱 ‎⑤benefit from 从……中获益 ‎⑥die from 死于 ‎2.表示“结果；因此”的词汇大全 ‎①as a result ‎②as a consequence ‎③consequently ‎④therefore/thus ‎⑦date from 始于……　　　　‎ ‎⑧hear from 收到某人的来信 三、句式—— 背 原 句 明 句 式 学 仿 写 ‎1.Which problems do you think people will have overcome in one thousand years？‎ 你认为一千年后人们将会克服哪些问题？‎ 特殊疑问词＋do you think＋特殊疑问句的其他部分。‎ 你认为谁是做这项工作的最佳人选？‎ Who_do_you_think is the best person to do the work？‎ ‎2.Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.‎ 我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。‎ 形容词(短语)作状语。‎ 又累又渴，他走进一家茶馆，一个机器人侍者迅速过来招待他。‎ Tired_and_thirsty,_he went into a teahouse and a robot waiter quickly came up to serve him.‎ ‎3.Inside was an exhibition of the most uptodate inventions of the 31st century.‎ 太空站里展出了31世纪一些最前沿的发明。‎ 完全倒装。‎ 坐在前面的是一位老人，他给我们讲述了长征的故事。‎ Ahead_sat_the_old_man who told us the stories about the Long March.‎ ‎4.Well, now there's a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology.‎ 现在，这里有一种装置，能利用生态学原理来处理掉废弃物。‎ where引导定语从句，修饰抽象名词。‎ 学生应该参加社区活动，他们从中能获得成长经验。‎ Students should involve themselves in community activities where_they_can_gain_‎ experience_for growth.‎ 语境认识词汇 For lack of selfconfidence，Tom lost interest in English；as a result， he reached a point where he should make adjustments，or he had to give up. Fortunately，the instant Mr. Smith， a new teacher，took over his class，he got greatly encouraged and took up learning actively and confidently；at the same time，Smith's lively and vivid teaching sped up his progress.‎ ‎1．lack v．没有；缺乏 n．缺乏；短缺的东西 ‎(1)for lack of　　　　　　　 因缺乏……‎ a lack of 缺乏……‎ ‎(2)lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的 be lacking in 缺少……‎ ‎①More and more highrise buildings have been built in big cities for_lack_of_space.‎ 由于缺少空间，大城市里建起了越来越多的摩天大楼。‎ ‎②When there is_a_lack_of food, there is hunger.‎ 当食物匮乏时，就会有饥饿。‎ ‎③Though Jack was lacking_in experience, he made up for it in enthusiasm.‎ 虽然杰克缺乏经验，但是他以满腔的热情来弥补不足。‎ ‎[名师指津]　lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时可用作及物动词直接加宾语(不用被动语态)，也可作不及物动词用；形容词lacking常与in连用。‎ ‎2．instant n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的 ‎ (1)in an instant＝instantly　　　　　　 立刻；马上 for an instant 一瞬间 ‎(2) 一……就……‎ ‎①He paused for an instant before continuing. ‎ 他停顿了片刻才接着往下说。‎ ‎②In an instant, he took off his coat and jumped into the water.‎ 他马上脱掉外套跳进了水里。‎ ‎③Much to my surprise, she burst into tears the instant she read the letter.‎ ‎→Much to my surprise, she burst into tears instantly (instant) she read the letter.‎ 让我非常惊讶的是，她一读那封信就哭了起来。‎ ‎3．take up拿起；接受；开始从事；承担；继续；占用(时间、物品等)；占据(空间)‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中take up的含义 ‎①We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all taken up.占据(空间)‎ ‎②She took up the story where Tim had left off.继续 ‎③I always take up the book and read when I am in my low spirits.拿起 ‎④Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.开始从事；承担 ‎⑤Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？接受 take down　　　　　　 写下；拆除 take in 收留；吸收；欺骗；领会；理解 take off 脱掉；起飞；成功 take on 雇用；呈现；承担 take over 接任；接替；采用 ‎⑥He didn't take_in what he read because his mind was focused on something else.‎ 他没有领会他阅读的东西，因为他的思想在其他事情上。‎ ‎4．speed up加速 ‎(1)reduce speed/slow down　　　 减速 pick up speed 逐渐加速 ‎(2)at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速 at a speed of ... 以……速度 ‎①Obviously, a good learning habit can help us to speed_up to reach our destinations.(2013·四川高考书面表达)‎ 显而易见，一个好的学习习惯能帮助我们尽快达到我们的目标。‎ ‎②The car slowed_down/reduced_speed at the turning, so I speeded_up_to catch up with it.‎ 那辆车在拐弯的地方减速了，于是我加速赶上了它。‎ ‎③Our physics teacher said that light travels at_a_speed_of 300,000 km per second.‎ 我们的物理老师说光以每秒30万千米的速度传播。‎ ‎[名师指津]　speed的过去式、过去分词有两种形式：speeded, speeded 或sped, sped。‎ 语境认识词汇 Last Sunday our class organized a trip to the Daming Lake Park. It was so crowded in the park that we soon lost sight of our monitor. It took us quite a while to find him. He said he was helping the dustmen clean the park. Some people threw away rubbish here and there though this sort of behavior was not tolerated. Two hours later， we went back to school， tired but happy.‎ ‎5．tolerate vt.容忍；忍受 ‎ (1)tolerate (sb.) doing sth.　　 容忍/忍受(某人)做某事 ‎(2)tolerance n. 宽容 tolerant adj. 宽容的 ‎①In some experts' opinion, living conditions on the Mars are very hard to_tolerate (tolerate)．(2013·广东高考写作)‎ 在一些专家的眼中，火星上的生活条件非常艰苦难以忍受。‎ ‎②I can't tolerate working (work) with Kate in the same office. She just refuses to stop talking while she works.‎ 我无法容忍和凯特在同一个办公室工作。她工作时间一直在讲话。‎ ‎③Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant (tolerate) smile and let him go.(2014·湖北高考多选)‎ 她没有指责打破花瓶的男孩，而是给他一个宽容的微笑让他走了。‎ ‎[联想发散]　表示“忍受”的词语还有：stand, bear, put up with等。‎ ‎6．lose sight of看不见；忽略；忘记 ‎ (1)catch sight of　　　　　　 望见；看到 lose one's sight 失明 come into sight 进入视野内；映入眼帘 ‎(2)at first sight 乍一看 at the sight of 看到 out of sight 看不到 in/within sight 在视野内 ‎①It was so crowded in the cinema on Sunday that we soon lost_sight_of him.‎ 星期天，电影院里的人那么多以至于我们很快看不到他了。‎ ‎②At_first_sight,_there is nothing special about the watch, but in fact it is a mobile phone.‎ 乍一看，这块手表没有什么特别之处，但实际上它是一部手机。‎ ‎③At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was out_of_sight.‎ 在车站，母亲向女儿挥手告别直到火车从她的视野中消失。‎ ‎7．形容词(短语)作状语 Exhausted,_I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.‎ 我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。‎ 形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。‎ ‎①Too_nervous,_I couldn't think of anything at the beginning of the exam. However, I didn't worry but tried to calm myself down.(2014·四川高考书面表达)‎ 由于太紧张，考试刚开始时我什么也想不起来。但我没有着急，而是努力使自己平静下来。‎ ‎②To our relief, the missing child returned home ten days later, tired_but_healthy.‎ 让我们感到宽慰的是，那个丢失的小孩子十天后返回了家里，疲惫不堪却很健康。‎ ‎[名师指津]　形容词作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态，即和主语常可构成系表关系。如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。试比较：‎ ‎③Helpless, we watched the house being destroyed before our eyes.‎ 我们看着那栋房子在我们眼前被毁，很是无助。(helpless说明主语we的状态)‎ ‎④The old building was burned down as crowds watched helplessly.‎ 在人群无助地观望中那座旧建筑物烧毁了。(helplessly修饰从句谓语动词watched)‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Nobody can tolerate being_cheated (cheat), and that's why he has no friend.‎ ‎2．—Did you recognize your former classmate whom you hadn't seen for many years at the party yesterday?‎ ‎—Yes, I recognized him instantly (instant) I saw him.‎ ‎3．Lacking (lack) such experience will constantly trouble you in your business.‎ ‎4．Guided (guide) by the sun, they walked towards their destination through the woods.‎ ‎5．Since you have settled down in a new country, you have to make an adjustment (adjust) to the new environment.‎ ‎6．If you constantly (constant) regret things you did or didn't do in the past, then you won't be able to move forward.‎ ‎7．It is more complicated than we previously (previous) thought.‎ ‎8．As far as I know, the government will speed up the pace of our economic reform.‎ ‎9．When not in a room, you'd better switch_off_all the lights and the fan.‎ ‎10．Jennifer is having a hard time getting accustomed to new surroundings (surround) in Australia.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Sales director is a position which communication ability is just as important as sales skills. which前加in或which→where ‎2．As far as I know, the school can't tolerate cheat in the exam.cheat→cheating ‎3．We must never lose the sight of the fact that man must live in harmony with nature.去掉第一个the ‎4．Basing your life on popular culture is like building a house on a constant moving foundation.constant→constantly ‎5．It's impossible for her to have more free time to accompany her parents because her work takes on much of her time.on→up Ⅲ.根据提示词或结构补全句子 ‎1．由于缺少人类的保护，中国长江江豚的数量在逐渐减少。(lack)‎ For_lack_of_human_protection,_the number of Yangtze Finless Porpoise is becoming smaller and smaller.‎ ‎2．由于担心被逮住，这个小偷藏到床底下。(形容词短语作状语)‎ Afraid_of_being_caught,_the thief hid himself under a bed.‎ ‎3．在我们房子的前面有一棵1 000年树龄的大树，现在已经被政府保护起来了。‎ ‎(完全倒装)‎ In_front_of_our_house_stands_a_tall_tree with a history of 1,000 years, which is protected by the government now.‎ ‎4．我到了应该自己做出人生抉择的时刻。(where定语从句)‎ I have reached a point in my life where_I_am_supposed_to_make_decisions of my own.‎ ‎5．她讲英语如此流利，好像她在美国学过英语似的。(as if)‎ She speaks English so fluently as_if_she_had_studied_English in America. ‎ Ⅳ.一句多译/句型转换 ‎1．一到达剧院，他就发现朋友给他的票忘在家里了。‎ ‎①On_arriving at the theatre, he found the ticket a friend gave him left at home.(on doing)‎ ‎②The_moment/instant/minute_he_arrived at the theatre, he found the ticket a friend gave him left at home.(the＋n.)‎ ‎③Instantly/Immediately/Directly he arrived at the theatre, he found the ticket a friend gave him was left at home.(adv.)‎ ‎2．陈老师今天上午做的讲座给学生们留下了深刻的印象。‎ ‎①The lecture that Mr. Chen made this morning left/made_a_deep_impression_on the students.‎ ‎②The students were_deeply_impressed_by/with/at the lecture Mr. Chen made this morning.‎ ‎③What_impressed_the_students_deeply was the lecture Mr. Chen made this morning.‎ ‎3．Because I was amazed at how skillful they were, I determined to be just as good.‎ ‎→Amazed_at_how_skillful_they_were,_I determined to be just as good.(形容词作状语)‎ ‎4．We were guided by a local guide and visited the famous church.‎ ‎①Guided_by_a_local_guide,_we visited the famous church.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)‎ ‎②With_a_local_guide_guiding_us,_we visited the famous church.(用with复合结构改写)‎ ‎③A_local_guide_guiding_us，we visited the famous church.(用独立主格结构改写)‎ ‎④Under_the_guidance_of_a_local_guide,_we visited the famous church.(用介词短语改写)‎ ‎5．He was caught in a heavy rain, so he was late for work again.(改为简单句)‎ ‎→Caught_in_a_heavy_rain,_he_was_late_for_work_again.‎ ‎[课下练熟高考]‎ 阅读理解·组块专练——练速度 ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2016·潍坊市4月模拟)‎ Venus, the Wildest Adventure in 3016!‎ A trip to the moon, to Mars? You are out. Venus (金星) is your choice! Our spaceship carries you there at the speed of light!‎ Amazing Venus Facts Temperature range: ALWAYS about 450 degrees Celsius. Great for barbecues!‎ Seasons: No seasons. Always visit during best season!‎ Gravity strength: 0.91 of Earth's gravity. Makes you lighter and more alive than ever!‎ Water: NONE. All boiled away.‎ Day length: 1 day＝243 Earth days. Longest days in solar system, so fun never ends!‎ Rate of turning: 0.002 km/second. Turns in opposite direction of the earth, so able to see sun rise in the west and set in the east.‎ Year length: 1 year＝224.7 Earth days or 0.62 of an Earth year.‎ Rate of revolution: 35.03 km/second.‎ Atmosphere：‎ ‎△Very thick.‎ ‎△96% carbon dioxide, 3% nitrogen, and 0.1% water vapor.‎ ‎△Can't support life: Suffocating carbon dioxide, thick clouds of sulfuric acid, and gases create greenhouse effect so very hot and no water.‎ ‎*Your Accommodations*‎ ‎◎You will travel on a hightech rocket ship that will transport you from Earth to Venus in a mere 2.4 minutes by traveling at the speed of light. This trip will cost only $750,000.‎ ‎◎Our two hotels are very luxurious and are super strong, allowing you to lie on the ground without being crushed by the pressure of the atmosphere. They are called Venus Heaven and Rocket Palace, and the cost to stay is only $200 per night. You'll get your money's worth at these two hotels, receiving free meals every day.‎ To book a trip, call 1 － 800.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，介绍了3016年组织的一次到金星的冒险旅行并介绍了金星的一些情况。‎ ‎1．What would you see if you faced east on Venus?‎ A．The rising sun.　　　 B．The circling earth.‎ C．The setting sun. D．The full moon.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据Amazing Venus Facts部分第六段第二句可知，在金星上面向东方可以看到日落。故C项符合题意。‎ ‎2．During the trip to Venus, you would pay nothing for ________.‎ A．service B．food C．the spaceship D．the hotel 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据Your Accommodations部分第二段最后一句可知，在去金星旅行期间，你的食物不需要付费。故B项符合题意。‎ ‎3．Which section of a magazine is the text from?‎ A．Fashion circle. B．News report.‎ C．Modern art. D．Future world.‎ 解析：选D　文章出处题。根据文章的题目Venus, the Wildest Adventure in 3016！可知，这次旅行发生在一千年之后，由此可推知，这是未来的事情。故D项符合题意。‎ B It is a live celebration of the lasting power of letter writing!‎ Letters Live, which started in December 2013, was held at the Freemasons' Hall in London from March 10 to 15. The show invited various great performers who read remarkable letters that had been written around the world over the centuries.‎ ‎“Bringing letters alive through outstanding performances is one of the most powerful ways in which the joy and pain and humor and tragedy of being human can be shared，” Jamie Byng, managing director of Canongate Books publishing firm, told the Nowness video channel.‎ British actor Benedict Cumberbatch agreed. “Letters are windows into the love, beauty, pain and humor of their creators and receivers，” he told The Guardian. “Letters Live makes us stop and imagine the lives behind the letters read and where they came from. It's a privilege to read this most ancient of communications live to an audience.” ‎ This year, the movie Sherlock star treated the audience by playing the part of a 17year Tom Hanks. He put on the young actor's voice when he read his letter to the Hollywood director George Roy Hill, a letter that urged Hill to “discover” him. The letter revealed that twotime Oscar winner Hanks' teenage dream was not to “be a bigtime Hollywood superstar” but to one day own a Porsche car and call his favorite US actor Robert Redford his nickname “Bob”．‎ Other famous faces at the event included Carey Mulligan, who played a fictional laundry worker, a female activist fighting for women's rights in the 2015 movie Suffragette. The British actress once again played the role of a suffragette, when she read a very enthusiastic letter demanding the vote for women. The suffragette sent a precious 1913 note to The Daily Telegraph newspaper.‎ ‎“Everyone seems to agree upon the necessity of putting a stop to Suffragist anger, but no one seems certain how to do so，” Mulligan read out. “There are two, and only two, ways in which this can be done. Both will be effectual. One, kill every woman in the UK. Two, give women the vote.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。随着通讯科技的发展，写信这种联系方式已经在人们的生活中逐渐淡去，但是信件包涵强大的寓意和情感。作者希望通过这次庆祝活动来激活人们对写信的认识。‎ ‎4．What was Cumberbatch's attitude towards Jamie Byng's opinion?‎ A．Doubtful. B．Positive.‎ C．Optimistic. D．Cautious.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第四段第一、二句及第四段内容可推知，Benedict Cumberbatch对Jamie Byng的观点持支持态度。B项意为“积极的”，符合题意。‎ ‎5．Which of the following was a dream of Tom Hanks as a child?‎ A．To become an actor. B．To call himself “Bob”．‎ C．To win Oscar Awards. D．To have a famous car.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，Tom Hanks年少时的梦想之一是拥有一辆名车。故D项符合题意。‎ ‎6．A “suffragette” is a woman who ________.‎ A．sends a valuable note to newspaper B．reads out a letter to the audience C．advocates women's right to vote D．plays a famous role in a movie 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第六段第一句可推知，“suffragette”是指提倡妇女参政论的人，故C项符合题意。‎ ‎7．What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A．Famous People Gathering B．Letters of Great Performers C．Letters Brought to Life D．Rights Given to Women 解析：选C　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文讲述作者支持“写信”这种联系方式，并介绍在这次庆祝活动中很多名人都把以前的信件念给听众听。C项“把信件带到生活中”适合做本文标题。故C项符合题意。‎ C We talk about people being “colourblind” but very few of us are.Even those who describe themselves as colourblind are normally just colour lack.A strongly colourblind person will still be able to tell 20 different colours, compared to the 100 or so that normalsighted people see.‎ Pingelap, a tiny island in the Pacific, is a beautiful spot but one that has a genetic trouble. It is known as Colourblind Island because so many people who live on this remote island can only see in black and white.‎ Not being able to see in colour is bad enough. But one islander, Herrol, who's a fisherman, also struggles in full sunlight because all he sees is a painful burntout image. “I find it difficult to go outside in the sun，” he says, “because when it's sunny I cannot see to do my work.”‎ ‎ But if being truly colourblind is rare, why is it that around 10% of the population of Pingelap live in a totally black and white world?‎ ‎ Well, we know that in 1780 the population of Pingelap was all but wiped out by a tsunami (海啸). As few as 20 people survived, one of whom was the king. It's believed he had a genetic fault that causes colourblindness and he passed this fault on to his many generations.‎ ‎ There is one advantage. Herrol can see well, really well, in the dark. So when it gets dark, Herrol and his friends get in their boats and hunt flying fish. They hang up flaming torches and the fish are attracted to the flames. “This type of fishing is fun，” Herrol says, “especially if we catch plenty. So even though it's hard work we enjoy it.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。Pingelap岛因很多居民是色盲而闻名。由于统治该岛的国王是色盲，他将这一基因遗传给了后代。‎ ‎8．What is Pingelap famous as?‎ ‎ A．A tiny island.‎ B．A beautiful island.‎ ‎ C．A mentally troubled island.‎ D．A colourblind island.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“It is known as Colourblind Island ...black and white.”可知，Pingelap因为岛上很多居民是色盲而出名，故D项正确。‎ ‎9．What can we infer about Herrol?‎ A．He may stay at home when it's sunny.‎ B．He is interested in burntout images.‎ C．He likes taking photos very much.‎ D．He doesn't live in Pingelap any more.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句Herrol所说的话可知，Herrol发现在阳光下他无法看清东西，所以无法工作；据此可以判断，阳光充足时他可能会待在家里，故A项正确。‎ ‎10.Why are about onetenth of people in Pingelap seriously colourblind?‎ A．Because Pingelap often suffers from tsunamis.‎ B．Because the king had an unlucky marriage.‎ C．Because the king's genetic fault played a role.‎ D．Because the king made a serious mistake.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句可知，该岛的国王是色盲，他将这一基因遗传给了后代，故岛上很多人是色盲，故C项正确。‎ ‎11．What would be the best title for the text?‎ A．The island of colourblindness B．The disadvantage of Herrol C．The history of Pingelap D．The advantage of colourblindness 解析：选A　标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第二段的第二句可知，本文主要介绍了色盲岛——Pingelap，故A项最适合做本文标题。‎ D In 1885, the Republic of France, important friend during the American Revolution, donated the largest statue in the world, Liberty Enlightening the World, to the United States of America.‎ ‎ The statue would celebrate its century of independence. To ship it, the statue was broken down into 350 pieces. And now, spread across Bedloe's Island in New York Harbour, it sat in 214 wooden packing boxes. The problem was that New York had no money to reassemble it. Six other cities, less affected by the recent economic decline, had the money and bid to build it.‎ But a Hungarian immigrant, Joseph Pulitzer, the owner of America's biggest newspaper called the World, wouldn't let “Liberty” go. When he heard that the Statue of Liberty was about to die from lack of funds, he saw his chance.‎ Pulitzer set the fundraising goal of the World at $100,000. In its pages he laughed at the rich, thus increasing the paper's appeal among workingclass people, and firmly planted the idea that the statue was a monument not just for New York City but, indeed, for all of America.‎ Perhaps Pulitzer's cleverest trick was the promise to publish the name of every single contributor in the pages of the World, no matter how small the contribution. The editorial that opened the fundraising campaign set its tone. He wrote: “The World is the people's paper and it now appeals to the people to come forward and raise the money for the statue's base.” The statue, he said, was paid for by “the masses of the French people. Let us respond in like manner.” The circulation of the World increased by almost 50,000 copies.‎ African American newspapers joined in the effort, encouraging their readers to contribute to a monument that would, in part, celebrate the end of slavery. So the money poured in, as singledollar donations from grandmothers and pennies from the piggybanks of schoolchildren.‎ On August 11, 1885, the front page of the World announced，“ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS！” The goal had been reached, even slightly beyond, thanks to more than 120,000 contributions.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。自由女神像是法国送给美国人民的礼物，由于资金问题，女神像的装配出了问题。美国报业大亨Pulitzer为此做了很多努力，最后他终于为自由女神像筹集了足够的资金。‎ ‎12．What does the underlined word “reassemble” (Para. 1) probably mean?‎ A．Put together. B．Take apart.‎ C．Transport. D．Repair.‎ 解析：‎ 选A　词义猜测题。根据第一段可知，自由女神像是法国送给美国人民的礼物，为了运送它，女神像被分解成350块，装在214个木箱里。问题是纽约没有钱来把它重新装配起来。故画线词“reassemble”与put together意思相近，表示重新组装。故A项正确。‎ ‎13．Which of the following was the greatest move in Joseph Pulitzer's success?‎ A．Attacking the rich people.‎ B．Celebrating the end of slavery.‎ C．Printing every contributor's name in the World.‎ D．Persuading children to donate their pocket money.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句并结合第二、三段可知，为了不让自由女神像因资金短缺而落入他人之手，Pulitzer发起筹募资金活动，同时还做了一些其他努力。其中最伟大的一项就是把每位捐款人的名字都公布在《世界报》上。故C项正确。‎ ‎14．What did Joseph Pulitzer try to convey to his readers about the Statue of Liberty?‎ A．It was a symbol of independence.‎ B．It was a monument for the whole USA.‎ C．It was a wonder in the building history.‎ D．It was a favor from the rich French people.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，关于女神像，Pulitzer想对读者传达的思想就是它是全美国的纪念碑。故B项正确。‎ ‎15．What was the main purpose of Joseph Pulitzer's efforts?‎ A．To protect the Statue of Liberty.‎ B．To win workingclass readers over.‎ C．To expand the circulation of his paper.‎ D．To raise money for the Statue of Liberty.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“Pulitzer set the fundraising goal”并结合第三至五段内容可知，Pulitzer所做的努力就是为自由女神像筹集资金。故D项正确。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎(2017·山西太原市高三模拟试题二)‎ How to get along with your boss In your career, you may have to report to a manager, the person you call boss. __1__ Here are some tips to help you develop an effective relationship with your boss.‎ The first step is to develop a positive relationship with your boss. Relationships are based on trust. __2__ Keep timetable commitments (承诺). Never blindside your manager with surprises that you could have predicted or prevented. Keep him/her informed about your projects and interactions with the rest of the organization.‎ Tell the boss when you've made an error or one of your reporting staff has made a mistake. __3__ Lies or efforts to mislead always result in further stress for you as you worry about getting “caught”. Communicate daily or weekly to build the relationship.‎ Recognize that success at work is not all about you. __4__ Identify your boss's areas of weakness or greatest challenges and ask what you can do to help. What are your boss's biggest worries? How can your contribution reduce these concerns? Understand your boss's goals and priorities. Place emphasis on your work to match his/her priorities. Think in terms of the overall success of your department and company, not just about your narrow world at work.‎ ‎__5__ Does he/she like frequent communication, autonomous (自主的) employees, requests in writing in advance of a meeting, or informal conversation as you pass in the hallway? Your boss's preferences are important. The better you understand him/her, the better you will work with him/her.‎ If you sometimes disagree and occasionally experience an emotional reaction, don't hold hatred. Don't make threats about leaving. Disagreement is fine. You need to come to terms with the fact that your boss has more authority and power than you do.‎ A．Value your boss's time.‎ B．Do what you say you'll do.‎ C．Identify what he/she values in an employee.‎ D．Coverups don't contribute to an effective relationship.‎ E．Put your boss's needs at the center of your universe.‎ F．Learning how to read your boss's moods and reactions is also helpful.‎ G．The relationship with your boss is important for your work success and career progress.‎ 语篇解读：本文讲述了与老板相处的秘诀。‎ ‎1．选G　根据空处上句“在职场你得向你的经理，你称之为‘老板’的人报告”和下句“以下一些建议帮助你跟老板形成有效的关系”可知，空处选G“你与老板的关系对于你的工作成就和事业的进步很重要”。G项承上启下，符合语境。‎ ‎2．选B　根据空后一句“Keep timetable commitments (承诺)．”和空前一句可知，B项“做你说你要做的事情”符合语境。‎ ‎3．选D　根据上句“当你或你的报告人员犯错误时你要告知你的老板”和空后一句可知，本处应选D“掩饰错误并不能有助于形成有效的上下级关系”。‎ ‎4．选E　本段主要讲要考虑整个部门和公司的成功，而不是自己的成功。故选E“把老板的需要放在首位”，空处下句“发现老板的弱项或者他面临的挑战，问问他你能帮助做什么”承接E项。‎ ‎5．选C　此处为该段主题句，根据下文内容可知，本段主要讲述的是，要弄清楚老板喜欢什么样的员工。C项意为“确定他/她看重员工的哪方面”，体现了本段的中心，符合语境。故选C。‎