福建省厦门市2020届高三第二轮复习模拟考试英语试题（二） Word版含解析

福建省厦门市2020届高三第二轮复习模拟考试英语试题（二） Word版含解析

www.ks5u.com 厦门市2020届高三第二轮复习模拟测试卷 英语试题(二)‎ 注意事项：‎ ‎1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、考号、座位号等 相关信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。‎ ‎2.选择题每小题选出答案后，请用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。 .‎ ‎3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域 内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅 笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。‎ ‎4. 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。‎ 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)‎ 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂。‎ A Letter to My Younger Self Dear 17-year-old self,‎ When your Laker (洛杉矶湖人队球员) dream comes true tomorrow, you need to figure out a way to invest in the future of your family and friends. This sounds simple, but you have to take some time to think it over.‎ I said invest.‎ I did not say give.‎ Let me explain.‎ Purely giving material things to your siblings (兄弟姐妹) and friends may appear to be the right decision. You love them, and they were always there for you growing - 28 -‎ ‎ up, so it’s only right that they should share your success and all that comes with it. You buy them a car, a big house, and pay all of their bills. You want them to live a comfortable life, right?‎ But the day will come when you realize that as much as you believed you were doing the right thing, you were actually holding them back.‎ You will come to understand that you were taking care of them because it made you feel good to see them smiling. That was extremely selfish of you. While you were feeling satisfied with yourself, you were slowly eating away at their own dreams and ambitions. You were adding material things to their lives, but taking away the most precious gifts of all: independence and growth.‎ Understand that you are about to be the leader of the family. This involves making tough choices, even if your siblings and friends do not understand them at the time.‎ Invest in their future; don’t just give.‎ Use your success, wealth and influence to put them in the best position to realize their own dreams and find their true purpose. Put them through school, set them up with job interviews and help them become leaders in their own right. Hold them to the same level of dedication (全身心投入) that it took for you to get to where you are now and where you will eventually go.‎ I’m writing you now so that you can begin this process immediately and don’t have to deal with the struggle of getting rid of the addiction you caused. That addiction only leads to anger and jealousy from everybody involved, including yourself.‎ There’s plenty more I could write to you, but at 17, I know you don’t have the attention span (注意力持续时间) to sit through 2,000 words. Trust me, setting things up right from the beginning will avoid a ton of tears and heartache, some of which remains to this day.‎ Much love,‎ Kobe ‎1. According to Bryant, “giving” could make ______.‎ ‎①him feel satisfied with himself - 28 -‎ ‎②him stand out from other players ‎③his siblings and friends live a comfortable life ‎④his siblings and friends depend on him A. ①②③ B. ①②④‎ C. ①③④ D. ②③④‎ ‎2. According to the article, Bryant probably ______.‎ A. had never dreamed of playing for the Lakers B. spent a large sum of money buying houses for himself C. has a circle of supportive friends D. had trouble handling family relationships ‎3. According to the article, Bryant should have ______ when he was younger.‎ A. shared his success with others B. refused to live with his siblings C. looked for well-paid jobs for his siblings D. inspired his siblings to achieve their goals through hard work ‎【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是记叙文。文章通过少年科比写给17岁的自己的一封信，分享了自己对家人之间关系处理的看法：要投资，而不是给予。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第2段中“You want them to live a comfortable life”可知，“给予”能够让兄弟姐妹过上舒服的日子；第4段中 “you were taking care of them because it made you feel good to see them smiling…You were adding material things to their lives, but taking away the most precious gifts of all: independence and growth.”可知，照顾兄弟姐妹让他自我感觉很好；虽然“给予”给了他们物质的东西，但却夺走了所有最珍贵的东西：独立和成长，从而让兄弟姐妹依赖他。故选C项。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第五段中“This involves making tough choices, even if your siblings and friends do not understand them at the - 28 -‎ ‎ time.（ 这涉及到我们做出艰难的选择，即使你的兄弟姐妹和朋友当时不理解这些决定。）”可知，Bryant可能在处理兄弟姐妹之间的关系方面有困难。 故选D项。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Use your success, wealth and influence to put them in the best position to realize their own dreams and find their true purpose. Put them through school, set them up with job interviews and help them become leaders in their own right（利用你的成功、财富和影响力，让他们处于最佳位置，实现他们自己的梦想，找到他们的真正目的。让他们完成学业，安排他们参加工作面试，帮助他们凭借自己的能力成为领导者）”可以推断，Bryant认为本应该鼓励兄弟姐妹通过自己的努力实现他们的目标。故选D项。‎ B For the past 3000 years, when people thought of money, they thought of cash. From buying food to settling bar tabs, day-to-day dealings involved paper or clinking bits of metal. Over the past decade, however, digital payments have taken off — tapping your plastic on a terminal or swiping a smartphone has become normal. Now this revolution is about to turn cash into an endangered species in some rich economies. That will make the economy more efficient, but it also poses new problems that could hold the transition hostage.‎ Countries are eliminating（消除）cash at varying speeds. But the direction of travel is clear, and in some cases the journey is nearly complete. In Sweden the number of retail cash transactions per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years. Cash accounts for just 6% of purchases by value in Norway. Britain is probably four or six years behind the Nordic countries. America is perhaps a decade behind. Outside the rich world, cash is still king. But even there its dominance is being eroded. In China, digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in 2017.‎ Cash is dying out because of two forces. One is demand — younger consumers want payment systems that plug seamlessly（无缝地 ）into their digital lives. But equally important, suppliers such as banks and tech firms (in developed markets) and telecoms companies (in emerging ones) are developing fast, easy-to-use payment technologies from which they can pull data and pocket fees.‎ In the main, the prospect of a cashless economy is excellent news. Cash is - 28 -‎ ‎ inefficient. In rich countries, minting（铸造）, sorting, storing and distributing it is estimated to cost about 0.5% of GDP. But that does not begin to capture the gains. When payments disappear, people and shops are less vulnerable to theft. Governments can keep closer tabs on fraud or tax evasion. Digitalization vastly expands the playground of small businesses and sole traders by enabling them to sell beyond their borders. It also creates a credit history, helping consumers borrow.‎ ‎4. What is the purpose of Paragraph 1?‎ A. To show an example of using cash. B. To introduce the main topic of the text.‎ C. To present the development of cash. D. To explain the history of digital payments.‎ ‎5. What can we know from Paragraph 2?‎ A. Sweden has completely eliminated cash.‎ B. Digital payments have replaced cash in rich countries.‎ C. Britain develops faster than China in digital payments.‎ D. Both developed and developing countries are using cash less.‎ ‎6. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?‎ A. The ways of digital payments. B. The effects of cash dying out.‎ C. The reasons for cash being endangered. D. The importance of digital payments.‎ ‎7. What is the author’s attitude towards cashless economy?‎ A. Supportive. B. Neutral.‎ C. Indifferent. D. Disapproving.‎ ‎【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文。文章介绍了世界各国正在减少现金支付，无现金经济正在迅速发展的情况。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章第一段中心句是“Over the past decade, however, digital payments have taken off”，在过去的十年里，数字支付已经迅速发展。第一段是引出文章的主题——无现金经济。故选B项。‎ - 28 -‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 推理判断题。第二段中首句提到“Countries are eliminating（消除）cash at varying speeds.（各国正在以不同的速度消除现金。）”，下面举出瑞典、挪威、英国、美国的例子，还提到了“Outside the rich world, cash is still king. But even there its dominance is being eroded.”，即使在不富裕国家，现金的主导地位正在被侵蚀。因此可以推断，在发达国家和发展中国家，都越来越少地使用现金了。故选D项。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。第三段首句提到“Cash is dying out because of two forces.”，下文提到现金正在慢慢消失的两个原因“One is demand…But equally important, suppliers… are developing fast, easy-to-use payment technologies”，一是年轻消费者的需求，二是银行、科技公司和电信公司等供应商正在开发快速、易用的支付技术，从中获取数据和收取费用。因此可以推断，该段是关于现金正在逐渐消失的原因。故选C项。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。第四段首句“the prospect of a cashless economy is excellent news. Cash is inefficient. ( 无现金经济的前景是一个极好的消息。现金是低效的。 )”，因此可以推断，作者对无现金经济是持支持态度的。故选A项。‎ C The world’s deepest underground lab designed to detect dark matter in Langzhong, Southwest China’s Sichuan Province will receive new equipment, which is one of the most important science and technology infrastructure（基础设施）projects of the country.‎ A ceremony was held on Saturday in a tunnel at Jinping Mountain. Researchers said the world’s deepest and China’s first dark matter lab sits 2400 meters below Jinping Mountain, the equivalent（相等的东西）to the height of five Oriental Pearl Radio and TV towers. An online video produced by Sichuan Daily revealed that the Jinping Underground Laboratory is over 300 square meters. The extreme depth allows for a thick layer of rock to shield（保护）the lab and facilities from cosmic rays, Sichuan Radio and Television (SRT) reported.‎ Jing Mingkun, a researcher at the lab, told SRT the facility would hardly be affected by radiation since the mountain can protect it from high-energy cosmic ray.‎ - 28 -‎ ‎ The facility to detect and study dark matter is located at the center of the lab and protected with shielding systems. Once the rays are shielded, researchers are able to study dark matter, which would be similar to hearing the voice of a radio announcer when other noise is blocked out, Jing explained. Due to the extreme difficulty, dark matter has yet to be detected, Jing explained.‎ Chen Yang, a professor at the school of astronomy and space sciences at Nanjing University, told the Global Times that detecting matter from outer space in the lab has a huge advantage as the earth’s surface can absorb and filter noise. “A Japanese Nobel laureate detected a kind of matter from the supernova in 1987 in an old underground mine,” Chen said. He explained that if the facility can detect dark matter, it would be a significant achievement. “Detecting dark matter is very difficult. Current detectors can only catch rays sent by dark matter,” Chen said.‎ After completing the project, the lab will offer an environment with near-zero cosmic rays, so it could become a global center for physical research and attract international science experts, the SRT report said.‎ ‎8. What is the world’s deepest underground lab built for?‎ A. Setting up new equipment. B. Conducting infrastructure projects.‎ C. Developing new technology. D. Discovering dark matter.‎ ‎9. Why is the Jinping Underground Laboratory set up deep underground?‎ A. To store secret information.‎ B. To have a quiet working environment.‎ C. To protect the lab and facilities from cosmic rays.‎ D. To match with Oriental Pearl Radio and TV tower.‎ ‎10. What’s the author’s purpose of mentioning Chen Yang in Paragraph 4?‎ A. To present the method of detecting dark matter underground.‎ B. To show the importance of detecting dark matter underground.‎ C. To prove the difficulty of detecting dark matter underground.‎ D. To list the achievements of detecting dark matter underground.‎ ‎11. Which of the following can best describe the author’s attitude towards the - 28 -‎ ‎ project?‎ A. Indifferent. B. Negative.‎ C. Skeptical. D. Supportive.‎ ‎【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文。文章介绍了世界上最深的地下实验室——锦屏地下实验室的相关情况。‎ ‎8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The world’s deepest underground lab designed to detect dark matter in Langzhong, Southwest China’s Sichuan Province will receive new equipment”可知，世界上最深的地下实验室是为了探测暗物质而建立的。故选D项。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中“…the facility would hardly be affected by radiation since the mountain can protect it from high-energy cosmic ray”可知，锦屏地下实验室建在地下深处是因为山可以保护它免受高能宇宙射线的影响，这样里面的设施就几乎不会受到辐射的影响。故选C项。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。第四段中“detecting matter from outer space in the lab has a huge advantage as the earth’s surface can absorb and filter noise.”和“He explained that if the facility can detect dark matter, it would be a significant achievement.”，陈阳教授谈到在实验室中从外层空间探测物质具有巨大的优势，并且谈到如果该设施能够探测到暗物质，那将是一项重大成就。因此作者提到陈阳教授是为了表明在地下探测暗物质的意义和重要性。故选B项。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章介绍了成立锦屏地下实验室的目的和意义。通读全文，作者对锦屏地下实验室项目是持支持态度的。故选D项。‎ D Described as the world’s most environmentally friendly protein（蛋白质）, Solein is made by applying electricity to water to release bubbles of carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Living microbes (微生物) are then added to the liquid to feed on the carbon dioxide and hydrogen bubbles and produce the Solein, which is then dried - 28 -‎ ‎ to make the powder. It’s a chemical change process similar to beer brewing. The dried Solein has a protein content of 50 percent and looks and tastes just like wheat flour.‎ ‎“It is a completely new kind of food, a new kind of protein, different to all the food on the market today in how it is produced as it does not need agriculture.” Dr Pasi Vainikka, the chief manager of Solar Foods told The Guardian. The process used to produce Solein—changing hydrogen and carbon dioxide is amazing, as the wonder food can be produced anywhere in the world. It’s also 10 time-efficient than photosynthesis (光合作用), and 10 to 100 times more environment and climate-friendly in water use than animal or plant-based food production.‎ ‎“Solein also contains all the essential amino acid (氨基酸),but because it is produced using carbon and electricity, it does not require large amounts of land to produce, ” the Solar Foods website explains. “Another unique characteristic of Solein is that it is able to take carbon directly from carbon dioxide without needing a source of sugar.”‎ While Solar Foods does not expect Solein to challenge conventional protein production methods in the next two decades, it does expect it to become a “new harvest” for humanity, which is significant considering so far we have only relied on plants and animals for sustenance. The Helsinki-based company plans to open its first Solein factory at the end of 2021 and increase production to two billion meals per year by 2022.‎ ‎12. Why is Solein described as environmentally friendly?‎ A. Because it is man-made by using electricity.‎ B. Because it contains all the nutrition people need.‎ C. Because it is made consuming less land and energy.‎ D. Because it is produced from water and carbon dioxide.‎ ‎13. What does Solar Foods expect of Solein?‎ A. It’ll have a rewarding future.‎ B. It’ll reach consumers in 2020.‎ - 28 -‎ C It’ll challenge traditional protein production.‎ D. It’ll be a complete replacement for plants and animals.‎ ‎14. What does the underlined word “sustenance” in last paragraph mean?‎ A. survival B. food C. material D. support ‎15. Where is this text most likely from?‎ A. A textbook. B. A novel.‎ C. A magazine. D. A brochure.‎ ‎【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界上最环保的蛋白质Solein的生产原理和特点。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“but because it is produced using carbon and electricity, it does not require large amounts of land to produce, ” the Solar Foods website explains. “Another unique characteristic of Solein is that it is able to take carbon directly from carbon dioxide without needing a source of sugar.””可知，因为Selein是用碳和电生产的，所以不需要大量的土地来生产，它的另一个独特特性是它能够直接从二氧化碳中获取碳，而不需要糖源，由此可知，Solein被认为是环保的是因为它占地小、耗能少，故C项正确。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“While Solar Foods does not expect Solein to challenge conventional protein production methods in the next two decades, it does expect it to become a “new harvest” for humanity,”可知，虽然太阳能食品公司预计在未来20年里，Solein不会挑战传统的蛋白质生产方法，但它确实有望成为人类的新收获，由此可知，太阳能食品公司预计Solein会有一个美好的未来，故A项正确。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“it does expect it to become a “new harvest” for humanity, which is significant considering so far we have only relied on plants and - 28 -‎ ‎ animals for”可知，太阳能食品公司预计Solein将成为人类的新收获，目前为止我们的食物来源还只是依靠动植物，鉴于这一点，这项技术的意义非常重大，由此可知画线词词义为“食物”，故B项正确。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了世界上最环保的蛋白质Solein的生产原理和特点，这属于科技范畴，因此文章最有可能出自于科学杂志，故C项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】本篇第3题词义猜测题难度较大，对画线词上文的理解是关键，根据画线词前的“it does expect it to become a “new harvest” for humanity, which is significant considering so far we have only relied on plants and animals for”可知，太阳能食品公司预计Solein将成为人类的新收获，目前为止我们的食物来源还只是依靠动植物，鉴于这一点，这项技术的意义非常重大，画线词前的for表目的，我们依靠动植物来获取食物，由此可知画线词词义为“食物”。‎ 第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Authentic vs. Westernized Chinese Food America is known as “a melting pot,” with populations from Europe, Asia and other continents all joined together. _____16_____ The history of westernized Chinese food started in the mid-1800s. According to the Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History (美国国家历史博物馆), many Chinese immigrants had trouble landing a job in America. To make a living, some of them opened restaurants. Over the years, Chinese cuisine has made its way into the mainstream and has been adapted to reflect Western influences.‎ ‎_____17_____ The Chinese food found in Western restaurants is mainly cooked through frying. Many dishes are cooked using various frying methods.However, traditional Chinese food is rarely cooked through frying. Instead, methods such as stewing (煨), braising (炖), baking, steaming, boiling and fermenting (发酵) are more commonly used.‎ Another big difference between authentic and westernized Chinese food is the ingredients used._____18_____ Some ingredients — like broccoli (西兰花),‎ - 28 -‎ ‎ carrots, onions, tomatoes and dairy products (乳制品) — are not often used in authentic Chinese cooking.In addition, while you can find some Western cuisines that use strange meats — like pig ears — most Western cultures are pretty conservative about the meats they consume. Authentic Chinese food, in contrast, uses a wider variety of protein sources, including tofu, snake, chicken feet, duck blood, jellyfish (海蜇) and many more that Westerners generally wouldn’t choose to eat. The cuisine also has a stronger taste.‎ ‎_____19_____ Sweet and Sour Chicken, for example, has no equivalent（同等物）in traditional Chinese cuisine. Similarly, the fortune cookie is a completely American invention.‎ ‎_____20_____, but Western palates (味觉) adapt to new flavors easily. Therefore, it may only be a matter of time before authentic Chinese food becomes popular in America!‎ A. Deep frying food is quick, which is why you can usually get your Chinese takeout in just a few minutes.‎ B. Many of the most popular Chinese dishes in the West are not served in Chinese restaurants at all.‎ C. Most cultural groups brought their customs and cuisines along with them.‎ D. One of the main differences between authentic and westernized Chinese food lies in cooking methods.‎ E. There are so many regions of China, and they all prepare their dishes a little bit differently.‎ F. Westernized Chinese food features vegetables that are common in Western cuisines.‎ G. Indeed, there are numerous differences between authentic and westernized Chinese cuisine ‎【答案】16. C 17. D 18. F 19. B 20. G ‎【解析】‎ 分析】‎ 本文是说明文。中国菜到了西方以后受到了西方的影响成了西式的中餐。文章介绍了正宗的中国菜和西式中国菜在烹饪方式、原材料等方面的不同之处。‎ - 28 -‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 空前一句提到“美国被称为“大熔炉”，来自欧洲、亚洲和其他大陆的人口都聚集在一起 ”；选项C意思为： 大多数文化团体带来了他们的风俗和烹饪。选项C与空前一句语义顺承。故选C项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 选项D意思为： 正宗中餐和西式中餐的主要区别之一在于烹饪方法。下文提到“在西餐厅的中国菜主要是通过油炸烹饪的。”“ 然而，传统的中国菜很少通过油炸来烹饪。”，是说明正宗中餐和西式中餐的烹饪方法不同；下一段的Another big difference和选项D中One of the main differences相呼应，故选D项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 选项F意思为：西式中餐的特点是在西方菜肴中常见的蔬菜。选项F中的vegetables和空后一句中的carrots, onions and tomatoes相呼应；空后一句中“… are not often used in authentic Chinese cooking”和选项F中“are common in Western cuisines”内容是相对的。故选F项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 选项B意思为：在西方，许多最受欢迎的中国菜在中国餐馆里根本不提供。下文举例说明 “Sweet and Sour Chicken, for example, has no equivalent（同等物）in traditional Chinese cuisine.（糖醋鸡在中国传统菜肴中就没有类似的食物）”，选项B中“are not served”和“has no equivalent”相呼应。故选B项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 选项G意思为：事实上，正宗中餐和西式中餐有许多不同之处。上文提到了正宗的中国菜和西式中国菜的烹饪方式、原材料等方面的不同之处，该段是全文的总结性段落；空后一句中的but表示语义转折。故选G项。‎ ‎【点睛】七选五做题技巧 ‎1. 重点阅读上下句 因为正确选项必定会与上下句之间语义衔接、逻辑通顺，解题时大多只看上句，或只看下句，就可基本确定答案。‎ 如第3小题，选项F中的vegetables和空后一句中的carrots, onions and tomatoes相呼应，从而可推断出选项。 ‎ ‎2. 词语复现显神功 - 28 -‎ 上下文与主题相关的词语通常会以原词、同义词、近义词、同根词或同范畴词等形式在上下文中重复出现。‎ 如第2小题此题线索是词汇复现。第2小题是第二段的首句，也是主题句；下一段的首句Another big difference between authentic and westernized Chinese food is the ingredients used，也是主题句，并且这两段的首句都提到 difference，是词汇复现，从而可以确定选项。 ‎ 值得注意的是，有的题利用词语复现解题十分管用，但这并不意味着凡与上句或下句有复现词的选项就一定是正确选项，只是正确的可能性更大，在解题过程中需重点考虑或优选考虑而已。是否为正确答案，还得将含复现词的选项代入原文，看该选项与上下文是否真的衔接，只有上下衔接紧密的才是正确选项。‎ ‎3.逻辑衔接亦管用 七选五就是考查上下文之间的衔接，而逻辑是语篇衔接的重要手段之一，故解题中要善于利用这一衔接手段。 ‎ 如第5小题，空格处下一句中的but表示语义转折。选项G意思为：事实上，正宗中餐和西式中餐有许多不同之处；空后一句说“但是西方人的味觉很容易就能适应新的口味”，前后两个句子之间是转折的关系，从而可以确定选项。‎ 第三部分英语知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节 完形填空(共20小题:每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Having a friend who is bright can do you good in many ways.‎ A bright friend can share your problems and help you ___21___ them properly. Are you overwhelmed? He can show you the order to ___22___ them on schedule. Are you having problems with someone? Tell him and he will find the best way to ___23___ both you and your friend. Let’s imagine you were stuck in an elevator. You might be very ___24___and not know how to get out of it.‎ The situation could change ____25____if you had a bright friend beside you. He could help you keep calm and quickly find a way to___26___ you.‎ A bright friend is also a good ___27___ for you to learn from. In fact, you can get many interesting and ___28___things from a knowledgeable friend. You can better ‎ - 28 -‎ yourself by ___29___ his unique way of thinking and handling things. 1 have a bright friend who can solve problems in a way that I could never___30___. Having had him as my close friend for ages, I have learnt so many things from him that may___31___ me much in my life. He has taught me many ways of solving problems, and even ___32___unchangeable situations in some bright ways.‎ Indeed, having a bright friend can give you the ___33___to keep on trying to be his equal. This makes you ___34___in some positive ways. You may have thought, “Why can he do that and not me? ” And so you will try your best to be as___35___ as your friend. You then will change your___36___wav of thinking and doing things, becoming open-minded to learn new things and develop your true ___37___.‎ All of these ___38___ things a bright friend brings to you can of course be the ___39___ a long-lasting friendship. However, friendship ___40___ a thorough and mutual understanding. So, you should also make every effort to make it last forever.‎ ‎21. A. allocate B. enquire C. address D. identify ‎22. A. postpone B. accumulate C. finish D. decline ‎23. A. reform B. settle C. answer D. satisfy ‎24. A. upset B. clumsy C. delicate D. exhausted ‎25. A. frequently B. considerably C. practically D. unexpectedly ‎26. A. adjust B. trap C. reward D. rescue ‎27. A. example B. expert C. follower D. leader ‎28. A. additional B. unsure C. useful D. creative ‎29. A. accepting B. learning C. imagining D. approaching ‎30. A. give up B. get across C. believe in D. think of ‎31. A. impress B. assist C. attract D. amaze ‎32. A. changing B. considering C. continuing D. undertaking ‎33. A. excuse B. permission C. responsibility D.‎ - 28 -‎ ‎ motivation ‎34. A. competitive B. committed C. ambitious D. courageous ‎35. A. energetic B. sensitive C. excellent D. essential ‎36. A. independent B. narrow C. casual D. liberal ‎37. A. potentials B. acknowledgment C. success D. purpose ‎38. A. logical B. superior C. adventurous D. wonderful ‎39. A. desire B. basis C. tool D. cure ‎40. A. allows B. offers C. requires D. reflects ‎【答案】21. C 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了聪明的朋友在很多方面对我们有好处，他可以教会我们独特且有用的思维和处事方式，也会成为我们提升自己的动力。友谊是建立在一个彻底的相互理解的基础上，所以我们要努力让友谊可以持续下去。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个聪明的朋友会和你分享你的问题，并且帮助你妥善处理它们。A. allocate分配；B. enquire询问；C. address处理，设法解决；D. identify识别。根据前文的Having a friend who is bright can do you good in many ways.可知拥有一个聪明的朋友在很多方面对你都有好处，故此处用“帮过你妥善解决问题”符合语境，这是拥有一个聪明朋友的好处之一，故选C项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他可以教你按照日程表上的顺序来完成他们。A. postpone推迟；B. accumulate积累；C. finish完成；D. decline谢绝，下降。结合上下文可知，此处是指按计划完成事情，故选C项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：告诉他，他会找到最好的方式，让你和朋友都满意。A.‎ - 28 -‎ ‎ reform改革；B. settle解决；C. answer回答；D. satisfy使满意。结合上下文，此处是指聪明朋友的解决方法能让产生问题的双方都感到满意，故选D项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可能很沮丧，不知道如何出来。A. upset沮丧的；B. clumsy笨拙的；C. delicate精美的，纤弱的；D. exhausted疲惫的。根据前文的Let’s imagine you were stuck in an elevator.可知作者让我们想象自己被困在电梯的情况，故此处用“沮丧”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果身边有一个聪明的朋友，情况就会大有不同。A. frequently频繁地；B. considerably相当地，非常地；C. practically实际地；D. unexpectedly意想不到地。结合下文的He could help you keep calm and quickly find a way to___6___ you.可知聪明朋友可以帮你保持冷静，而且迅速找到方法，故此处用“情况会大有不同”符合语境，故选B项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他能够帮你保持冷静，而且迅速找到救援方法。A. adjust调整，校对；B. trap陷入，困住；C. reward回报；D. rescue营救。结合前文的Let’s imagine you were stuck in an elevator.可知此处用“营救”符合语境和逻辑，故选D项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个聪明的朋友也是一个你可以学习的好榜样。A. example榜样；B. expert专家；C. follower随从；D. leader领导。结合下文的for you to learn from可推测此处用“榜样”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上你可以从一个知识渊博的朋友那儿学到很多有趣和有用的东西。A. additional附加的；B. unsure不确定的；C. useful有用的；D. creative有创造性的。根据interesting and判断此处用“有用的”符合语境，故选C项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以通过学习他独特的思维和处事方式来提高自己。A. accepting接受；B. learning学习；C. imagining想象；D. approaching接近。根据前文的A bright friend is also a good ___7___ for you to learn from.可知此处用“学习”符合语境，learn是原词复现，故选B项。‎ - 28 -‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我有一个聪明的朋友，他解决问题的方式我从来都想不到。A. give up放弃；B. get across理解；C. believe in信任；D. think of想到。根据前文的his unique way of thinking and handling things.可知有的聪明人的处事方式很特别，是常人想不到的，故此处用“想到”符合语境，故选D项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：和他做了很多年好朋友，我从他那儿学到了很多东西，这些东西可能在我的生活中有很大帮助。A. impress使印象深刻；B. assist协助；C. attract吸引；D. amaze使震惊。根据下文的He has taught me many ways of solving problems可知朋友教会了作者解决问题的方法，故推测从朋友那儿学的东西会对作者有帮助，故选B项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他教了我很多解决问题的方式，甚至用一些聪明的方法改变了不可改变的状况。A. changing改变；B. considering考虑；C. continuing继续；D. undertaking承担。结合句意可知此处是指，用聪明的方法改变了不可改变的东西，且change和unchangeable是反义词复现，故选A项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，有一个聪明的朋友可以给你变得和他一样好的动力。A. excuse借口；B. permission允许；C. responsibility责任；D. motivation动机，动力。结合上下文可知此处是指，看到别人很好自己也想变得一样好的想法，这种想法就是动力，故选D项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让你以积极的方式变得有竞争性。A. competitive有竞争性的；B. committed尽心尽力的；C. ambitious有抱负的；D. courageous勇敢的；根据下文的You may have thought, “Why can he do that and not me? ”可知此处用“有竞争性的”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此你会尽最大努力变得和朋友一样出色。A. energetic有活力的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. excellent出色的；D. essential基本的。根据前文的a bright friend可知此处用“出色的”符合语境，bright和excellent是同义词复现，故选C项。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ - 28 -‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后你会改变自己狭隘的思维和处事方式，以开放的心态去学习新的东西和发展自己真正的潜能。A. independent独立的；B. narrow狭隘的，狭窄的；C. casual随意的；D. liberal自由的。根据下文的becoming open-minded可知此处用“狭隘的”符合语境，narrow和open-minded是反义词复现，故选B项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. potentials潜能；B. acknowledgment承认；C. success成功；D. purpose目的。根据前文的learn new things可知此处用“培养潜能”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个聪明朋友带给你的这些美好的东西当然也是一段长久友谊的基础。A. logical 逻辑的；B. superior优越的，先进的；C. adventurous冒险的；D. wonderful美好的。结合上文所提到的聪明朋友所教会我们的那些独特且有用的思维和处事方式可知，此处用“美好的”符合语境，故选D项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. desire欲望；B. basis基础；C. tool工具；D. cure治愈方法。结合上下文可知，此处是指友谊建立在互相帮助和理解的基础之上，朋友教会我们的东西就是其中一个基础，故选B项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，友谊需要一个彻底的和相互的理解。A. allows允许；B. offers提供；C. requires要求，需要；D. reflects反映，反射。结合上下文可知，此处是指友谊的基本条件，用“需要”符合语境，故选C项。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Coronavirus Outbreak Tests World's Dependence on China The world is quickly ___41___ (realize) how much it depends on China.‎ Apple is rerouting supply chains. Ikea is closing its stores and paying staff members ___42___ stay home. Starbucks is warning ___43___ a financial blow. Ford and Toyota will idle some of their vast Chinese assembly plants for an extra week.‎ The ___44___ (mystery) coronavirus has virtually shut down one of the world's most important ___45___ (grow) engines. Desperate to slow the fast-moving virus, the ‎ - 28 -‎ Chinese authorities ___46___(extend) the country's national holiday, and crippled land, rail and air transport. Entire cities have shut down.‎ The full extent of ___47___ hit to the broader business world is not yet clear. "Our members are dealing with ___48___ (vary) degrees of disruption in their businesses," said Jake Parker, the senior vice president of the US-China Business Council.‎ If travel ___49___ (restrict) and quarantines are expanded or the holiday extended ___50___(far), he said, "that will amplify these problems." (c) 2020 The New York Times Company ‎【答案】41. realizing ‎ ‎42. to 43. of ‎ ‎44. mysterious ‎ ‎45. growth 46. have extended ‎ ‎47. the 48. varied/various ‎ ‎49. restrictions ‎ ‎50. further ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇新闻报道。冠状病毒爆发以来世界很快意识到它在多大程度上依赖中国。苹果、宜家、星巴克、福特和丰田等跨国公司都出现了相应的问题，如果旅行限制和隔离措施得到扩大，或者假期进一步延长，这些问题会更严重。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：世界很快意识到它在多大程度上依赖中国。主语the world与realize之间为主动关系，使用现在分词realizing与is构成现在进行时。故填realizing。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。句意：宜家正在关闭门店，并向员工支付留在家中的费用。本句运用了pay sb to do sth，意为“付钱给某人做某事”。故填to。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。句意：星巴克警告称将面临财务打击。本句运用了warn of sth，意为“告诫或者提醒……不要/当心/提防……”。故填of。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ - 28 -‎ 考查词性转换。句意：神秘的冠状病毒实际上已经关闭了世界上最重要的增长引擎之一。空格处修饰名词coronavirus，应用形容词形式，mystery的形容词为mysterious。故填mysterious。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查词性转换。句意：神秘的冠状病毒实际上已经关闭了世界上最重要的增长引擎之一。名词growth修饰engines作定语。故填growth。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：中国迫不及待地要减缓这种快速传播的病毒，因此延长了中国的假期，并暂停陆路、铁路和航空运输。根据语境并结合下一句可知，该句子应使用现在完成时表示“中国已经延长了假期，并暂停陆路、铁路和航空运输”，句子主语是the Chinese authorities。故填have extended。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：对更广泛的商业世界的全面打击还不清楚。此处有to the broader business world修饰名词hit，为特指意义，使用定冠词the。故填the。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查词性转换。句意：我们的成员国正在应对其业务不同程度的中断。空格处修饰名词degrees，应用形容词形式，vary的形容词为varied或various。故填varied/various。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查词性转换。句意：如果旅行限制和隔离措施进一步扩大，或者假期进一步延长，这些问题会更严重。travel修饰名词作定语，restrict是动词，它名词是restriction，travel restriction意为“限制措施”，restriction是可数名词，应使用复数。故填restrictions。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查副词的比较级。句意：如果旅行限制和隔离措施进一步扩大，或者假期进一步延长，这些问题会更严重。修饰动词extended应使用副词，far即是副词又是形容词，但根据下文“这些问题会更严重”可知，far应使用比较级的形式。far有两个比较级形式：farther和further。farther强调在距离上更远。比如：He jumps farther than me.他跳得比我远； further是指抽象意义上的更远。比如：further study/ help/research进一步学习、进一步帮助、进一步研究等。故填further。‎ 第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ - 28 -‎ 第一节 短文改错(共10小题:每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（ˆ）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ As the Spring Festival is coming. everybody is so exciting. Family members will get together and have fun. When I was a little child, I feel the Spring Festival was very important to me. On the one hand, I could meet my parents, whom worked in the city and was far away from me all the time. On the other hand. I could get the lucky money, by which was enough for me to buy many toys. But as I grew up, the Spring Festival was less fun. I lived on my parents when I was in the middle school. What's more, they didn't need money to buy toys anymore. I could get that I wanted in the usual days.‎ People say that older one gets, the less fun he will get from the Spring Festival. I know the reason. Unless I don' t adjust my desire, the Spring Festival won't be fun again.‎ ‎【答案】1.exciting→excited ‎2.feel→felt ‎3.whom→who ‎4.was→were ‎5.删掉by ‎6.on→with ‎7.they→I ‎8.that→what ‎9.older前加the ‎10.Unless→If ‎【解析】‎ - 28 -‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是记叙文，讲述了作者对过春节的一些经历和感受。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查形容词。exciting 意思为“令人激动的，令人兴奋的”，修饰事/物； excited意思为“感到激动的，感到兴奋的”，修饰人。此处修饰everybody，指人，故exciting改为excited。‎ ‎2.考查时态。根据时间状语从句When I was a little child，句子叙述的是过去的事情，feel应用一般过去时；feel是不规则变化动词，过去式为felt。故feel改为felt。‎ ‎3.考查定语从句。分析句子结构， 定语从句先行词my parents，指人，在从句中作主语，应用who引导定语从句。故whom改为who。‎ ‎4.考查主谓一致。定语从句的先行词是my parents，是复数，故was改为were。‎ ‎5.考查定语从句。分析句子结构，定语从句先行词the lucky money，在从句中作主语，不需要介词by。故删掉by。‎ ‎6.考查介词。句意：我在中学时和父母住在一起。短语live with sb.与某人生活在一起，live on以……生。故on改为with。‎ ‎7.考查代词。根据句意“不再需要钱买玩具”可以推断， 应该是“我不再需要钱买玩具。”故they改为I。‎ ‎8.考查宾语从句引导词。句意：我可以在平常的日子里得到我想要的东西。分析句子结构，that I wanted 是宾语从句，从句中I wanted后缺少宾语，应用what引导宾语从句， 意思为“……事情， ……东西”。故that改为what。‎ ‎9.考查固定句式。句意：人们说年岁越大，过春节的乐趣就越少。固定句式“the +比较级，the +比较级”表示“越……越……”。故older前加the 。‎ ‎10.考查从属连词。句意：如果我不调整自己的愿望，春节将不再有趣。unless意思为“除非，如果不”；根据句意，此处应用if引导状语从句，表示假设。故Unless改为If。‎ ‎【点睛】what 在名词性从句中的用法 what引导名词性从句，可以引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。‎ what 引导名词性从句有两种含义：（1）什么 （2）……的人/事/物 。如：‎ What you will do next is none of my business. 你下一步做什么不关我的事。（what 可以引导主语从句，意为“……事情”）‎ The teacher told us he wanted to take back what he had said. 老师告诉我们他想收回他说过的话。（what 引导宾语从句，意为“……话”）‎ - 28 -‎ She is no longer what she used to be. 她不是过去的她了。（what 引导表语从句，意为“……人，……的样子”）‎ The question what makes the matter worse has been puzzling me. “是什么使情况更糟了”这个问题一直在困惑着我。（what 引导同位语从句，意为“……事情”）‎ 如本题第8处错误，用what引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中作I wanted后的宾语， 意思为“……事情，……东西”。‎ 第二节书面表达 (满分25分)‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，正在牛津布鲁克斯大学( Oxford Brookes University)学习，得知孔子学院( Confucius Institute)要举办“孔子学院日”主题活动。你决定邀请你班的同学 Peter去参加，要点包括:‎ ‎1.时间:1月23号周五8:00至16:00‎ ‎2.地点:孔子学院的学生俱乐部 ‎3.活动:讲座、传统表演、品尝中国小吃等。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3.结束语已为你写好。‎ Dear Peter,‎ I'm Li Hua.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Looking forward to your reply Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Peter,‎ I'm Li Hua. Learning that you are fond of Chinese culture, I am writing to invite you to a themed event on Confucius Institute Day which will take place on January - 28 -‎ ‎ 23. Below is a simple introduction to it.‎ The event to be held in the students’ club of Confucius Institute will start at 8 am and end at 16 pm on Friday. To expose participants to splendid Chinese culture, varieties of activities will be designed after an interesting speech on Chinese festivals. For example, some typical performances like Peking Opera and Face Changing will be shown. What’s more, you will have the chance to taste local snacks from different areas of China.‎ If you are interested in what I have stated above, please accept my invitation and come to the event on time.‎ Looking forward to your reply! ‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文, 要求写一封邀请信，告知活动安排。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：‎ 审题: 邀请信 告知活动安排 人称：第三人称 时态：一般现在时、一般将来时 结构：总分法，分三部分，第一部分邀请Peter参加“孔子学院日”主题活动，第二部分说明活动的具体安排，第三部分希望Peter接受邀请。‎ 要点：‎ ‎1. 邀请Peter参加“孔子学院日”主题活动 ‎2．活动的具体安排 ‎①时间:1月23号周五8:00至16:00‎ ‎②地点:孔子学院的学生俱乐部 ‎③活动:讲座、传统表演、品尝中国小吃等。‎ ‎3．希望Peter接受邀请 第二步：列提纲（重点词汇、短语 ）‎ be fond of ；Chinese culture；invite sb. to do…；take ‎ - 28 -‎ place；introduction；hold；expose… to；varieties of；activities；typical；performance；have the chance to do…； ‎ be interested in；accept one’s invitation 第三步：连词成句 ‎(1) You are fond of Chinese culture.‎ ‎(2) It will take place on January 23. ‎ ‎(3) The event is to be held in the students’ club of Confucius Institute .‎ ‎ (4) It will start at 8 am and end at 16 pm on Friday. ‎ ‎(5) Varieties of activities will be designed after an interesting speech on Chinese festivals. ‎ ‎6) Some typical performances like Peking Opera and Face Changing will be shown.‎ ‎(7) You will have the chance to taste local snacks from different provinces of China.‎ ‎(8) If you are interested in what I have stated above, please accept my invitation.‎ 根据提示和关键词进行遣词造句,适当地运用句型，注意时态和主谓一致问题。‎ 第四步：连句成篇(衔接词)‎ 表示时间顺序： first of all; to begin/start with, in the beginning ‎ firstly. secondly . lastly / finally/in the end ‎ 表示并列或补充关系：what is more; besides, moreover, apart from;‎ in addition, as well as；not only…but(also), meanwhile, in the meantime, somesome…others 表示转折对比关系：but, however, although, though, yet, while on one hand…on the other hand , ‎ 表示因果关系：because, as, therefore, as a result, as a consequence, consequently, thus ‎ 连句成文，运用恰当的衔接词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使句与句之间逻辑性更强、‎ 段与段之间结构清晰。‎ ‎【点睛】范文要点全面，结构清晰，层次分明，上下文连贯，在表达时用到了很多高级词汇，如 be fond of ；Chinese culture；invite sb. to do…；take place；introduction；expose… to；varieties of；activities；performance；have the chance to do…；be interested - 28 -‎ ‎ in；accept one’s invitation等；复杂句式的运用提升了文章层次，如定语从句的运用I am writing to invite you to a themed event on Confucius Institute Day which will take place on January 23；不定式作目的状语的运用To expose participants to splendid Chinese culture；被动语态的运用使句式多变 some typical performances like Peking Opera and Face Changing will be shown等。‎ - 28 -‎ - 28 -‎