【英语】2019届二轮复习书面表达专题定语从句使表达吸引眼球（7页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习书面表达专题定语从句使表达吸引眼球（7页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习书面表达专题 定语从句使表达吸引眼球 定语从句的正确使用能够比较明显地反映出考生对于语言具有较高的掌握能力，所以建议考生一定要在写作中至少使用一个恰到好处的定语从句。‎ 一、定语从句的类型 ‎1．关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which, as引导的定语从句是写作的一大重点，尤其是which和as引导的非限制性定语从句在高考范文中更是屡见不鲜。‎ Secondly, you will make some good friends who are also interested in playing table tennis.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ写作佳句)‎ 第二，你会交到一些好朋友，他们也很喜欢打乒乓球。‎ As we can see from the materials above, the traffic issue is still a big problem.(2015·江苏高考写作佳句)‎ 正像我们在上面的材料中所看到的那样，交通问题仍然是一个大问题。‎ ‎2．关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句是指when, where, why引导的定语从句。‎ I am writing to invite you to pay a visit to a papercutting exhibition, where you can have a close look at our traditional Chinese culture.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ写作佳句)‎ 我写信是想请您参观一个剪纸展览，在这里您可以近距离了解我们中国的传统文化。‎ I think the reason why you are always angry may be the high pressure of study.‎ 我认为你总是发脾气的原因可能是学习上的巨大压力。‎ ‎3．“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句 Speaking and listening are very important for a language learning, by which you are sure to make great progress.(2015·四川高考写作佳句)‎ 听和说对于一门语言的学习非常重要，通过它们你一定会取得很大进步。‎ Material collecting took us a whole week, during which we interviewed ‎ our teachers and took pictures of every aspect of school life.(2017·北京高考写作佳句)‎ 搜集材料花了我们整整一周的时间，在此期间我们采访了老师并拍摄了学校生活的各个方面。‎ ‎[即时演练]　用适当的关系词或“介词＋关系词”填空 ‎1．(2017·浙江高考书面表达)Our science teacher will serve as our guide, who is expected to tell us something interesting about the Tiantai Mountain.‎ ‎2．(2017·天津高考书面表达)As you know, the final exam is around the corner, for_which I am kind of busy preparing.‎ ‎3．(2016·天津高考单选改编)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better.‎ ‎4．(2015·福建高考书面表达)Only those who spare no effort to confront problems can achieve what they long for.‎ ‎5．(2014·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)During holiday seasons, I will live in the countryside, where air is fresh and people are friendly.‎ 二、定语从句的写法 定语从句是比较难掌握而又是考生在写作中喜欢尝试的复杂句，在写作时可采用“三步法”：‎ ‎[示例]‎ 第一步：写出两个简单句。‎ ‎①The foreigner is from Canada.‎ ‎②He visited our class yesterday.‎ 第二步：在句①中找出一个要修饰的词汇：the foreigner。‎ 第三步：用句②充当定语从句，the foreigner为先行词指人，句②中的代词he指代the foreigner且在句子中作主语，故用who或that作关系词。‎ The foreigner who/that visited our class yesterday is from Canada. ‎ ‎[即时演练]　用定语从句将下列每组简单句合并为一个复合句 ‎1．This is the best method. It can be used against pollution.‎ ‎→This_is_the_best_method_that_can_be_used_against_pollution.‎ ‎2．I've always longed for the days. I will be able to be independent then.‎ ‎→I've_always_longed_for_the_days_when_I_will_be_able_to_be_independent.‎ ‎3．I have a friend. Her father is an engineer.‎ ‎→I_have_a_friend_whose_father_is_an_engineer.‎ ‎4．You know, my uncle Li Ming is going to the city to attend an international meeting. You live there.‎ ‎→You_know,_my_uncle_Li_Ming_is_going_to_the_city_where_you_live_to_attend_an_international_meeting.‎ ‎5．We all like our English teacher. We have learned a lot from her.‎ ‎→We_all_like_our_English_teacher_from_whom_we_have_learned_a_lot.‎ 三、定语从句的常用句型 ‎1．As we all know .../As is known to all ... 众所周知……‎ As we all know/As is known to all, children and elderly people need warmth and care.‎ 众所周知，小孩和老年人都需要温暖和关心。‎ ‎2．As sb. puts it ... 按照某人所说的……‎ As he often puts it, university education determines one's future.‎ 按照他常说的，大学教育决定一个人的命运。‎ ‎3．such ... as ... 像……这样的；诸如此类的……‎ Believe it or not, we have found such materials as are used in that factory.‎ 信不信由你，我们已经找到了像那家厂子里用的材料。‎ ‎4．the same ... as .../the same as ... 像……一样的 Her manner and attitudes towards him were quite the same as they had always been.‎ 她对他的方式和态度与以前完全一样。‎ ‎5．one of the＋复数名词＋定语从句……中的一个 As far as I know, your sister is one of the students who have passed the exam.‎ 据我所知，你妹妹是通过考试的学生之一。‎ ‎6．the only one of the＋复数名词＋定语从句……中唯一的一个 Mr. Green was the only one of the workers that was invited to Beijing.‎ 格林先生是这些工人中唯一被邀请去北京的。‎ ‎[即时演练]　补全句子 ‎1．(2015·福建高考书面表达)我们大家都知道，这幅画讲述的是古代中国的一个故事。‎ As_we_all_know,_the picture tells a story of ancient China.‎ ‎2．她就是这样一个总是乐于助人的女孩。‎ She is such_a_girl_as is always ready to help others.‎ ‎3．长城是吸引大批游客的世界著名的建筑之一。‎ The Great Wall is one_of_the_worldfamous_buildings_that_attract lots of visitors.‎ 四、定语从句写作时需避免的几种情况 ‎1．误用关系词 误：I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.‎ 正：I live in Beijing, which is the capital of China.‎ 误：I have a friend, who's name is Liu Mei.‎ 正：I have a friend, whose name is Liu Mei.‎ ‎2．句子成分残缺 误：There were many students took part in the English competition.‎ 正：There were many students who took part in the English competition.‎ 误：Those who in favor of the proposal, please raise your hands.‎ 正：Those who are in favor of the proposal, please raise your hands.‎ ‎3．有多余的代词或副词 误：The film I saw it last night was really very good.‎ 正：The film I saw last night was really very good.‎ 误：Last week, I returned to the village where I grew up there in my childhood.‎ 正：Last week, I returned to the village where I grew up in my childhood.‎ ‎4．混淆定语从句与并列句 误：In fact, smoking is a bad habit, it does great harm to people's health.‎ 正：In fact, smoking is a bad habit, which/and it does great harm to people's health.‎ 误：His parents told him many times not to play beside the river, it didn't help.‎ 正：His parents told him many times not to play beside the river, which/but it didn't help.‎ ‎[即时演练]　单句改错 ‎1．There are three people in my family and I'm the only one child, who is very common in Chinese families.who→which ‎2．Travelling abroad, you should follow the customs of the country where you are visiting.去掉_where或where→which/that ‎3．Remember, you can take the contest in China Daily newspaper, that is very popular among high school students.that→which ‎4．I will never forget the day on that we went to buy guitars in the guitar store.that→which ‎5．When you read the book, you'd better make a mark that you have a question.that→where ‎6．On the third floor there are two rooms, one of them is used as a meeting room.them→which ‎7．The couple will fly to France for their honeymoon on their ‎ first stop, which they plan to stay for three days.which→where或which前加in ‎8．I gave that boy so difficult a math problem which he couldn't work out.which→as ‎[综合演练提能]‎ Ⅰ.用定语从句补全句子 ‎1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)我们将学习唐朝时写的一些中国诗歌。‎ We are going to learn some Chinese poems that/which_were_written in the Tang Dynasty.‎ ‎2．(2016·四川高考书面表达)一年中有四季，每个季节都有显著的特点。‎ There are four seasons in a year, each_of_which_has_distinctive_features.‎ ‎3．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)等考试结束后，我们都有时间的话，六月的最后一个周日怎么样？‎ How about the last Sunday of June, when_the_examination_is_over_and_we_are_free?‎ ‎4．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我无法遵守承诺是因为我叔叔马上要出国深造了。‎ The reason why_I_can't_keep_my_word is that my uncle will go abroad for further study soon.‎ ‎5．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)任何学生，只要感兴趣，都欢迎参加。‎ Any student who_is_interested is welcome to participate.‎ ‎6．(2014·重庆高考书面表达)我们都知道，当我们需要帮助时，我们的朋友会伸出援手，他们帮我们渡过难关。‎ As_we_all_know,_our friends lend us a helping hand when we need help and they help us get through difficult situations.‎ Ⅱ.请按以下内容要点写一篇有关你的同学Kate的英语短文，尽可能多地使用定语从句 ‎1．我有一个同学叫Kate，她的妈妈是我以前的英语老师。‎ ‎2．Kate是一个容易相处的人，我们都喜欢她。‎ ‎3．Kate在此次口语竞赛中获得第一名，这使得她妈妈很高兴。‎ ‎4．新年就要到了，到时Kate会和她妈妈一起去香港。‎ ‎5．众所周知，香港是一个购物天堂，Kate打算在那里买她需要的东西。‎ 参考范文：‎ I have a classmate called Kate, whose mother is my former English teacher. Kate is a girl who is easy to get along with and we all like her. Kate took the first place in the Speech Contest, which makes her mother happy. The New Year is coming, when Kate will go to Hong Kong together with her mother. As we all know, Hong Kong is a shopping paradise, where Kate intends to buy what she needs.‎