【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit4Wildlifeprotection单元学案设计（24页word版）

【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit4Wildlifeprotection单元学案设计（24页word版）

2019 届一轮复习人教版必修二 Unit4Wildlife protection 单元学案设计 【考纲解读】 1. 意识到保护野生动物的重要性和紧迫性，激发保护野生动物的信心和决 心。 2. 掌握保护野生动物的相关知识，了解全球所关注的保护环境、保护地球、 保护所有生命的话题。 【高频单词】 1．protection (n.) 保护→protect (vt. & vi.) 保护→protective (adj.) 保护的 2．decrease (vi.& vt.) 减少；(使)变小；(使)变少→increase (vi. & vt.) (反义词)增加 3．loss (n.) 损失；遗失；丧失→lose (vt. & vi.) 遗失；丢失；损失→ lost (adj.) 迷路的；迷失的 4．reserve (n.) 保护区 (vt.) 保留；预留 5．hunt (vt. & vi.) 打猎；猎取；搜寻→hunter (n.) 猎人→hunting (n.) 狩猎运动；打猎 6．respond (vi.) 回答；响应；做出反应→response (n.) 回答；反应 7．distant (adj.) 远的；远处的→distance (n.) 距离；远方 8．relief (n.) (痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物→relieve (vt.) 使减轻；缓解 9．laughter (n.) 笑；笑声→laugh (v.&n.) 笑；发笑→laughing (adj.) 可笑的；带笑意的 10．mercy (n.) 仁慈；宽恕；怜悯→merciful (adj.) 仁慈的；宽容的 11．contain (vt.) 包含；容纳；容忍→container (n.) 容器 12．affect (vt.) 影响；感动；侵袭→affection (n.) 喜爱；感情→effect (n.) 影响；效果；作用 13．appreciate (vt.) 鉴赏；感激；意识到→appreciation (n.) 欣赏； 感谢 14．succeed (vi.) 成功 (vt.) 接替；继任→success (n.) 成功→ successful (adj.) 成功的→successfully (adv.) 成功地 15．employ (vt.) 雇用；利用(时间、精力等)→employer (n.) 雇主→ employee (n.) 雇员；雇工→employment (n.) 雇用；使用；就业→unemployment (n.) (反义词)失业；失业率 16．harm (n. & vt.) 损害；危害→harmful (adj.) 有害的→harmless (adj.) 无害的 17．bite (vt. & vi.) 咬；叮；刺痛→bit (过去式)→bitten (过去分词) 18．inspect (vt.) 检查；视察→inspection (n.) 视察→inspector (n.) 检查员；视察员 19．incident (n.) 事件；事变[来源:学科网] 20．secure (adj.) 安全的；可靠的→security (n.) 安全；安全感 21．fierce (adj.) 凶猛的；猛烈的→fiercely (adv.) 凶猛地；凶残地 【重点短语】 1．die_out 灭亡；逐渐消失 2．in_peace 和平地；和睦地；安详地[来源:Zxxk.Com] 3．in_danger_(of) 在危险中；垂危 4．in_relief 如释重负；松了口气 5．burst_into_laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来 6．protect...from 保护……不受……(危害) 7．pay_attention_to 注意 8．pick_out 挑选出 9．come_into_being 形成；产生 10．according_to 按照；根据……所说 11．so_that 以至于；结果 12．do_harm_to 损害；伤害；对……有害 【热点句型】 1．as 引导方式状语从句 It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I'd like to help as_the_WWF_suggests (按照世界野生生物基金会的建议)．(教材 P26) 2．be to do 表示将来的打算。be to 后接动词原形表示按计划要发生的事或 征求对方的意见。 What must be done if wildlife protection is_to_succeed (想要成功)？ (教材 P27) 3．the way 作先行词，后跟省略了 that/in which 的定语从句。 They learned this from the_way_the_bones_were_joined (骨骼的连接方 式) together.(教材 P30) 4．It is a pity that...“遗憾的是……” It_is_a_pity_that (很遗憾)in the story nobody helped the dodo.(教材 P31) 5．There be/no...left.“剩下……/所剩无几” This is the only home of the red Colobus monkey but there_are_very_few_left (所剩无几)．(教材 P32) 高频考点一 单词 例 1、mercy　n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯 Farmers hunted us without mercy.(P26) 农民们毫不留情地捕杀我们。 【归纳拓展】 (1)ask/beg for mercy 请求宽恕 Error!同情/宽恕某人 with mercy 仁慈地 without mercy 残忍地；毫不留情地 at the mercy of 任由……摆布 it's a mercy (that) 幸运的是…… (2)merciful adj. 仁慈的；宽容的 merciless adj.无情的；冷酷的 be merciful to 对……仁慈 【语境助记】 ①He went down on his knees and begged_for_mercy. 他跪下来，乞求宽恕。 ②We had no alternative but to be at_the_mercy of the sea. 我们除了任由大海的摆布外别无选择。 ③He showed_no_mercy_to his enemies. 他对敌人毫不仁慈。 ④It's_a_mercy that she wasn't hurt in the accident. 她在事故中未受伤，真是万幸。 例 2、contain　vt.包含；容纳；克制(强烈的感情等)；抑制 It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.(P26) 它含有一种强效的药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。 【归纳拓展】 contain oneself 控制/克制自己 container n．容器；集装箱，货柜 【语境助记】 ①This drink doesn't contain_any_alcohol. 这种饮料不含任何酒精。 ②[2016·四川高考]When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing_lead,_they absorb large quantities of lead. 当秃鹰吃了含铅的动物的死尸，它们就吸收了大量的铅。 ③Hearing the disappointing news, he was too sad to contain_ himself. 听到这个失望的消息，他太伤心了而不能抑制自己。 ④Food will last longer if kept in an airtight container.[来源:学。 科。网] 如果贮藏在密封的容器里，食物能保持比较久的时间。 ⑤[一言辨异]The container contains many kinds of fruits, including apples/apples included. 容器里装有许多种水果，包括苹果。 例 3、affect　vt.影响；感动；使感染；侵袭 It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.(P26) 它含有一种强效的药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。 【归纳拓展】 (1)be affected by heat/cold 中暑/着凉 be affected with a high fever 发高烧 be greatly/deeply affected 很/深受感动 (2)have an effect on...对……产生影响 take effect 生效；奏效 come into effect 生效；实行 be of no effect 无效的；无用的 (3)affection n．感情；喜爱；影响；感染 【语境助记】 ①She was_deeply_affected by the news of his death. 他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。 ②Global warming is having_a_great_effect_on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world, changing some living patterns, scientists say. 科学家说，全球变暖正对世界各地成百上千的动植物物种产生巨大的影响， 改变了一些生活方式。 ③Does television affect children's behaviour? ＝Does television have_an_effect_on children's behaviour? 电视对孩子的行为有影响吗？ ④[2016·北京高考]On the 20th of that month, Dr Welch examined a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious (传染的) disease mainly affecting_children. 在当月的 20 号，韦尔奇医生给一个生病的男孩比利做了检查，了解到他患 的是白喉，这是一种主要感染小孩的致命传染病。 ⑤Affected_with_a_high_fever,_he continued with his work. 尽管发高烧，他仍然继续他的工作。 ⑥She was held in deep affection by all her students. 她的学生都十分爱戴她。 例 4、appreciate 　vt.欣赏；感激；理解；意识到 You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.(P26) 你们应该多关注我所生活的热带雨林，并且理解热带雨林的动物是如何在一 起生活的。 【归纳拓展】 (1)appreciate＋n./pron./v.­ing 重视；感激 I would appreciate it if...假如……我将不胜感激 (2)appreciation n．欣赏；感激 in appreciation of... 作为对……的感谢；为感谢…… appreciative adj.感激的 【名师点睛】 1appreciate 后不接不定式。其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人” 作宾语。 2appreciate 后不直接跟 if 或 when 引导的从句，若语意上需要接这类 从句，需借助 it，即“appreciate it＋if/when...”，类似用法的动词有： dislike， hate， love， depend on， rely on， like 等。 【语境助记】 ①I'd appreciate your writing_me_back as soon as possible. 你尽快回信，我会感激不尽的。 ②I would appreciate_it_if you can give me some advice on how to solve these problems. 如果你能给我一些解决这些问题的建议，我会很感激的。 ③Here I sincerely expressed_my_appreciation if you could help find the lost suitcase. 如果您能帮我找到丢失的箱子，我会真诚地表达我的感激之情。 ④Being_appreciated by others is something that always makes people happy. 被人赏识总是一件令人愉快的事情。 ⑤Please accept this gift in_appreciation_of all you have done for us. 承蒙鼎力相助，不胜感激，谨备薄礼，敬请笑纳。 例 5、succeed　vi.& vt.成功；接替；继任 What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed？(P27) 要成功地保护野生动植物必须做什么？ 【归纳拓展】 (1)succeed in doing sth.成功做了某事 succeed to sth.继承 succeed sb. as...接替某人成为…… (2)success n．[U]成功，成就；[C]成功的人或事 successful adj.成功的 successfully adv.成功地 be successful in/at (doing) sth. (做)某事取得成功 【名师点睛】 success 表示“成功的人或事”时，failure 表示“失败的人或事”时，都 是可数名词。 【语境助记】 ①He had to succeed_to the business when his father passed away. 当他父亲去世时他不得不继承他父亲的事业。 ②It never occurred to me that you could succeed_in persuading him to change his mind. 我从未想过你会成功地劝他改变主意。 ③In a word, success is important, and so is failure, because it's the mother of success. 总之，成功是很重要的；失败也很重要，因为失败是成功之母。 ④His first book was a_great_success and he has been famous as a writer ever since. 他的第一本书非常畅销，从那时起他就作为一名作家而出名。 ⑤They were_successful_in winning the contract. 他们终于争取到了那份合同。 例 6、employ　vt. 雇用；利用(时间、精力等) Can they be employed to work in the park and not hurt the animals？ (P27)[来源:学|科|网] 他们能被雇去公园工作并且不伤害动物吗？ 【归纳拓展】 (1)employ sb. as... 雇用某人任…… employ sb. to_do sth. 雇用某人做某事 Error!Error! (2)employer n. 雇主 employee n．雇员；受雇者 employment n. 职业；工作；使用 【名师点睛】 hire， take on 具有相似意思。 【语境助记】 ①For the past three years he has_been_employed_as a firefighter. 三年来他一直受雇为消防员。 ②He has_been_employed_in_writing a new book these days. 这些日子他一直忙于写一本新书。 ③Graduates are finding it more and more difficult to find employment. 毕业生感到找工作越来越难。学科*网 高频考点二、短语 例 1、die out 灭亡；逐渐消失 As a result these endangered animals may even die out. (P25) 结果，这些濒危动物甚至可能会灭亡。 【归纳拓展】 (1) die away(声音；光线等)逐渐消失 die of/from 因……而死 die down 减弱；平息 die off 相继死亡 (2)be dying for 很想要；渴望 be dying to_do sth.极想干某事 【语境助记】 ①Some rare birds in the area are in danger of dying_out because of human activities. 这一地区的一些稀有鸟类由于人类活动正面临灭绝的危险。 ②As the sound of the music died_away,_the film came to an end. 随着音乐声渐渐消失，电影结束了。 ③The apple trees in the field are all dying_off from disease. 地里的苹果树一棵接一棵地病死了。 ④Although the wind has died_down,_the rain remains steady, so you still need a raincoat. 尽管风减弱了，雨仍然下着，因此你仍需要一件雨衣。 ⑤London was a new world to me and I was_dying_to_find_out more about it for myself. 伦敦对于我来说是个新世界，我渴望更多地了解这个城市。 例 2、protect...from/against... 保护……不受……(危害) “I'm protecting myself from mosquitoes，” it replied.(P26) 它回答说：“我正在保护自己不被蚊子叮咬。” 【归纳拓展】 (1)protect...against 保护……以防…… Error!阻止……做某事 (3)under the protection of... 在……的保护下 【名师点睛】 1表示“保护……免受……的损害或侵犯”时常用结构 protect...against/from...来表示，但较大的事件如天灾多用 against， 小事件如冷气则用 from。 2在 prevent/stop...from doing sth.中的 from 在主动句中可以省略， 而在被动句中不可省。keep...fro m doing sth.中的 from 在任何情况下都不能 省略。 3defend...from“保卫……以免于”。 【语境助记】 ①In summer, many people usually wear dark glasses to protect their eyes from the sun. 在夏天，很多人通常戴墨镜以保护眼睛不受阳光的刺激。 ②Something must be done to keep/prevent/stop the environment from_being_polluted. 必须采取措施保护环境免受污染。 ③He asked to be put under_police_protection. 他请求警方保护。 例 3、pay attention to 注意 You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live...(P26) 你应多关注我所居住的热带雨林…… 【归纳拓展】 (1)catch/draw/attract sb.'s attention to...吸引某人对……的注意 focus/fix/concentrate one's attention on/upon...把注意力集中在…… turn one's attention to...将注意力转向…… (2)May I have your attention, please? 相当于 Attention, please！请注意！ 【名师点睛】 pay attention to 中的 to 为介词，类似短语还有 be used to 习惯于 ；look forward to 盼望；get down to开始着手；adapt to适应 等，平时注意积累。 【语境助记】 ①We should pay_more_attention_to the needs of older people. 我们应该更加关注老年人的需求。 ②You speak English very well, but more attention should be_paid to your written English. 你英语说得非常好，但应多注意书面英语。 ③He stood there, his attention fixed/focused/concentrated on the notice on the wall. 他站在那儿，集中注意力看墙上的布告。 ④It's high time that the government should_pay_attention_to/paid_ attention_to the housing problems of the average people. 是政府应当关注普通老百姓住房问题的时候了。 高频考点三 句型 例 1、It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I'd like to help as_the_WWF_suggests. (P26) 这表明保护野生动植物的重要性，但我还是想按照世界野生生物基金会的建 议来帮助你们。 【归纳拓展】 as 在句中引导方式状语从句，意为“按照；如同；像……一样”。 as 作为连词的用法主要有： (1)“如同；按照”，引导方式状语从句； (2)“当……时候；一边……一边；随着”，引导时间状语从句； (3)“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句； (4)“尽管”，引导让步状语从句(从句使用部分倒装，即将形容词、副词、 名词、动词等放于 as 前面；单数可数名词提前时应该省掉冠词)； (5)引导比较状语从句，常用于 as...as...句型，意为“像……一样……” (第一个 as 是副词，第二个 as 是连词)。 【语境助记】 ①When in Rome, do_as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。(在罗马时就要像罗马人那样做。) ②We don't see things as_they_are;_we see them as_we_are. 我们所看见的不是事物的本质，而是自己的样子。 ③As_children_get_older,_they become more and more interested in everything. 随着孩子们一天天长大，他们对所有的事物都变得越来越感兴趣。 ④As_you're_not feeling well, you may stay at home. 既然身体不舒服，那你就待在家里吧。 ⑤Child_as_he_is,_he knows a lot. 虽然他是个孩子，他懂得很多。 ⑥写出下列句中 as 的含义 a．Tired as they were, they worked on.尽管 b．[2016·浙江高考]As I type this, I am in my university dorm room.当……时候 c．Ann wouldn't write down a series of facts in her diary as most people do.按照；如同 d．[2016·浙江高考]Planning is good as it decides in detail how we do what we want to do.因为；由于 例 2、They learned this from the_way the bones were joined together.(P30) 他们是根据(恐龙)骨骼的连接方式了解到这一点的。 【归纳拓展】 在含有定语从句的复合句中，the way 作先行词时有以下三种情况： (1)关系词在定语从句中作状语，关系词用 in_which，that 或省略； (2)关系词在从句中作主语，关系词用 that 或 which； (3)关系词在从句中作宾语，关系词用 that，which 或省略。 【名师点睛】 way 表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可以接动词不定式或 of doing sth.作定 语。 【语境助记】 ①Treat others in the_way you want to be treated. 己所不欲，勿施于人。 ②The way in_which 或 that he speaks to us is really annoying. 他对我们讲话的方式真是让人讨厌。 ③The way that/which_came_up at the meeting was unpractical. 在会议上提出的方法不切合实际。 ④Is this the way you can imagine to_reduce/of_reducing the air pollution? 这是你能想到的减少空气污染的方法吗？ 高频考点四 语法 现在进行时的被动语态 1.含义 现在进行时的被动语态表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动作，强调 主语是动作的承受者。 2.结构 （1）肯定式：主语＋am/is/are＋being done They are building a modern school in his hometown. ①A modern school is being built in his hometown. (改为被动语态) （2）否定式：主语＋am/is/are＋not being done ②A modern school is not being built in his hometown. (把①句改为否定句) （3）一般疑问式：Am/Is/Are(not)＋主语＋being done? ③Is a modern school being built in his hometown? (把①句改为一般疑问句) （4）特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词＋am/is/are(not)＋主语＋being done? ④Where is a modern school being built? (对①句就 in his hometown 进行提问) 【2018·全国 II】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个 选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Two weeks earlier. my son . Ben ,had got in touch , he’d moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I’d ___41___ seen him . So imagine my ___42___ when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me. I was ___43___ ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to ___44___ . The bay was ___45___ in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little ___46___ .I realized one kayak（皮划艇）was in ___47___ . “Something’s not ___48___ !” I took off my T-shirt and ___49___ into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was ___50___ violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors . I helped ___51___ the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something ___52___ to me. Those brown eyes were very ___53___ . “What’s his name ?” I asked the instructor. “Ben,” he replied, and immediately I ___54___ . That stranger was my son! The instructors called for an ambulance.___55___ ,after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to ___56___ and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben ___57___ to me. “I just want to say thank you,” he said, “You ___58___ my life !” I still can’t believe what a ___59___ it was. I’m just so glad I was there ___60___ to help my son. 41. A. also B. often C. even D. last 42. A. delight B. relief C. anger D. worry 43. A. scared B. shocked C. thrilled D. ashamed 44. A. talk B. stay C. meet D. settle 45. A. bathed B. clean C. deep D. formed 46. A. faster B. closer C. heavier D. wiser 47. A. trouble B. advance C. question D. battle 48. A. real B. right C. fair D. fit 49. A. stared B. sank C. dived D. fell 50. A. arguing B. fighting C. shouting D. shaking 51. A. lead B. persuade C. carry D. keep 52. A. happened B. occurred C. applied D. appealed 53. A. sharp B. pleasant C. attractive D. familiar 54.A. agreed B. hesitated C. doubted D. knew 55. A. Fortunately B. Frankly C. Sadly D. Suddenly 56. A. return B. relax C. speak D. leave 57. A. joked B. returned C. listened D. pointed 58. A. created B. honored C. saved D. guided 59. A. coincidence B. change C. pity D. pain 60. A. on board B. in time C. for sure D. on purpose 【答案】41. D 42. A 43. C 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. C 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. A 56. D 57. B 58. C 59. A 60. B 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者 13 年后和儿子见面的情景。在和儿 子见面的地点，作者救了一个年轻人，没有想到的是，年轻人竟然是自己 13 年 未见的儿子。学科*网 41. 考查副词词义辨析。根据空前句中可知，儿子在三岁的时候离开，到现 在已经 13 年了。由此可以暗示出是上一次见面。A. also 也；B. often 经常； C. even 甚至；D. last 上一次，故选 D 项切题。 43. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据第一段可知，作者 13 年没有见到自己的儿 子，突然收到儿子要来拜访自己的电子邮件，肯定是欣喜若狂。A. scared 惊恐 的；B. shocked 震惊的；C. thrilled 欣喜若狂的；D. ashamed 惭愧的。故选 C 项切题。 44. 考查动词词义辨析。根据空前可知，我很早就到了拜伦湾，我们应该在 那里见 面。A. talk 谈话；B. stay 停留； C. meet 见面；D. settle 解决。故 选 C 项切题。 45. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，早晨海湾应该是沐浴在阳光里。 A. bathed 沐浴；B. clean 清扫；C. deep 深处；D. formed 形成。故选 A 项切题。 46. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据常识和下文儿子出现意外情况可知，只有是 离的比较近一点，才能意识到一只皮划艇出现意外。A. faster 迅速的；B. closer 靠近，逼近(其他船只等)；C. heavier 重的，沉重的；D. wiser 有智慧的；聪明 的。故选 B 项切题。 47. 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文儿子出现意外情况可知，一只皮筏艇处于 麻烦之中。A.trouble 麻烦，困难；B.advance 前进，进展；C.question 问题， 疑问；D. battle 战斗，战役。故选 A 项切题。 48. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上句皮划艇处于麻烦之中可知，某件事不正 常。A. real 真实的；B. right 正确的，正常的；C. fair 公平的；D. fit 合适 的。故选 B 项切题。 49. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文皮划艇有麻烦和下文我去帮忙救人可知， 我脱掉我的 T 恤衫，跳入水中。A. stared 盯着看，目不转睛地看，凝视；B. sank 下沉，沉没；C. dived 潜水，跳水；D. fell 打倒；击倒。故选 C 项切题。 50. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文 a man lying across the middle 和下文 He was unconscious 可知，应该是剧烈的颤抖、摇动。A. arguing 争论，辩论； B. fighting 打架；C. shouting 呼喊；D. shaking 摇动。故选 D 项切题。 53. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文，“What’s his name?”可知，他棕色 的眼睛对我来说是很熟悉的。A. sharp 锐利的；锋利的；B. pleasant 愉快的， 快乐的，舒适的；C.attractive 有吸引力的；引人注目的；D.familiar 亲密的， 熟悉的。故选 D 项切题。 54. 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“That stranger was my son”可知，我 马上就知道。A. agreed 同意，赞成，承认，答应；B. hesitated 犹豫，踌躇； C. doubted 怀疑；疑惑；D. knew 知道，了解。故选 D 项切题。 55. 考查副词词义辨析。根据空后句子可知，应该是幸运地。A. Fortunately 幸运地，侥幸地；B. Frankly 率直地，坦白地，真诚地；C. Sadly 悲哀地，悲伤 地；D. Suddenly 突然地，忽然地；故选 A 项切题。 56. 考查动词词义辨析。根据空前 was well enough 可知，应该是被允许出 院。A. return 返回；报答；B. relax 放松，休息；C. speak 说；D. leave 离开。 故选 D 项切题。 57. 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“I just want to say thank you”可知， What is so special about TOKNOW magazine? Well, it has no ads or promotions inside— instead it is jam-packed with serious ideas. TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive and accessible to children, who can become involved in advanced concepts and even philosophy （ 哲 学 ） —and they will soon discover that TOKNOW feels more like a club than just a magazine. What’s inside? Every month the magazine introduces a fresh new topic with articles, experiments and creative things to make — the magazine also explores philosophy and wellbeing to make sure young readers have a balanced take on life. Ben 转向我向我说谢谢。A. joked 开玩笑；B. turned 转向；C. listened 听；D. pointed 指出。故选 B 项切题。 58. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“I helped carry the man out of the water” 可知，应该是挽救了我的生命。A.created 创造；创作；B.honored 尊敬；尊重； 给与荣誉；C. saved 救，拯救；D. guided 指导，指挥；故选 C 项切题。 59. 考查名词词义辨析。我没有想到这是多么巧合的一件事呀!A. coincidence 巧合，巧事；B. change 改变，变更，变换；C. pity 怜悯，同情； D. pain 疼痛；痛苦。故选 A 项切题。 60. 考查介词词组词义辨析。我高兴的是我在那儿及时帮助了我的儿子。A. on board 在船上；B. in time 及时；C. for sure 肯定；D. on purpose 目的。 故选 B 项切题。 14.【2017·北京卷】B Inspiring young minds! TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of children’s publishing, bringing a unique combination of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month.[来源:学科网 ZXXK] Sounds too good to be true? Take a look online—evidence shows that thousands of teachers and parents know a good thing when they see it and recommend TOKNOW to their friends. Happy Birthday All Year! What could be more fun than a gift that keeps coming through the letterbox every month? The first magazine with your gift message will arrive in time for the special day. SUBSCRIBE NOW □Annual Subscription Europe £55 Rest of World £65 □Annual Subscription with Gift Pack Includes a Mammoth Map, a passport Puzzle Booklet, and Subscription Europe £60 Rest of World £70 Refund Policy—the subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back. 59. Why is TOKNOW a special magazine? A. It entertains young parents. B. It provides serious advertisements. C. It publishes popular science fictions. D. It combines fun with complex concepts. 60. What does TOKNOW offer its readers? A. Online courses. B. Articles on new topics. C. Lectures on a balanced life. D. Reports on scientific discoveries. 61. How much should you pay if you make a 12-mouth subscription to TOKNOW with gift pack from China? A. £55. B. £60. C. £65. D. £70. 62. Subscribers of TOKNOW would get . A. free birthday presents B. full refund within 28 days C. membership of the TOKNOW club D. chances to meet the experts in person 【解析】试题分析：文章介绍了一本杂志 TOKNOW Magazine。学科*网 59．细节理解题。根据第一个方框内 TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive and accessible to children,可知 TOKNOW 杂志让那些复杂的观点变 得非常的有吸引力并且孩子们可以接受，有吸引力的东西肯定有趣，故可知答案 为 D。 61.细节理解题。根据 Annual Subscription with Gift Pack 所在部 Includes a Mammoth Map, a passport Puzzle Booklet, and Subscription Europe £60 Rest of World £70，中国属于 Rest of World，故是£70，答案 为 D。 62.细节理解题。根据最后一句话 Refund Policy—the subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back.可知订阅可在 28 天内取消，且全额退款，故答案为 B。 【考点】广告类文章阅读 15. spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compaMeasles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that isred with 189 for all of last year. The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called “herd immunity”, which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn’t work. But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger. That’s exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year. The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer. Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(决定 不参加) of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption （豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine. Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions. Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions? Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they’ll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks. 63．The first two paragraphs suggest that ____________. A．a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trend B．the outbreak of measles attracts the public attention C．anti-vaccine movement has its medical reasons D．information about measles spreads quickly 64．Herd immunity works well when ____________. A．exemptions are allowed B．several vaccines are used together C．the whole neighborhood is involved in D．new regulations are added to the state laws 65．What is the main reason for the comeback of measles? A．The overuse of vaccine. B．The lack of medical care. C．The features of measles itself. D．The vaccine opt-outs of some people. 66．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To introduce the idea of exemption. B．To discuss methods to cure measles. C．To stress the importance of vaccination. D．To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment. 【答案】63 A 64 C 65 D 66 C 【解析】本文主要是介绍了麻疹在历史上带来的危害，以及解释了为什么会 发生这样的情况。 64.细节理解题。根据第三段 But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in.可知只有群体中所有人都参与进来了群体免疫才会有 用，因此答案选 C。 65.推理判断题。根据第一段 But the disea se is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly.可知，那些反对注射疫苗的运动和迅速传播的错误信息导致 了麻疹疾病的复发，故选 D。 66.态度意图题。本文主要是介绍了麻疹在历史上带来的危害，以及为什么 会有这样的情况，最根本原因还是那些不注射疫苗的人导致的，故本文的目的是 强调疫苗的作用，选 C。 【考点】医学疾病类文章阅读 16. Hollywood’s theory that machines with evil(邪恶) minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics（控 制论）, put it this way: “If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.” A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not in-born, nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard. The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists. Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world. Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines. Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams—yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just “switch them off” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility. Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence, “Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine.” However, on September 12, 1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced(中子诱导) nuclear chain reaction. 67. Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may . A. run out of human control B. satisfy human’s real desires C. command armies of killer robots D. work faster than a mathematician 68. Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to . A. prevent themselves from being destroyed B achieve their original goals independently C. do anything successfully with given orders D. beat humans in international chess matches 69. According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to . A. help super intelligent machines work better B. be secure against evil human beings C. keep machines from being harmed D. avoid robots’ affecting the world 70. What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines? A. It will disappear with the development of AI. B. It will get worse with human interference. C. It will be solved but with difficulty. D. It will stay for a decade. 【答案】67 A 68 A 69 D 70 C 【解析】本文主要介绍了人工智能，它会给我们的生活带来什么样的影响。 学科*网 68.推理判断题。根据第二段第一句 A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence.可知，原因是保护它自己的存在的一种愿望， 也就是说，它具有有生命的物体的一种品质是因为它要保护自己不被破坏，继续 存在下去，故选 A。 69．推理判断题。根据第三段 using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world.可知可以用防火墙来回答那 些困难的问题但是却永远不要让他们影响这个真正的现实世界，故选 D。 故选 C。