【英语】2018届人教版必修五一轮复习：Unit5Firstaid单元教案设计（30页）

【英语】2018届人教版必修五一轮复习：Unit5Firstaid单元教案设计（30页）

‎2018届人教版必修五一轮复习：Unit5First aid单元教案设计 单元话题阅读 First aid Wherever you are, make sure that you know the local telephone number for emergency services. Calling for help can be the most important step you take.‎ Everyone has experienced an accident of one kind or another. Yesterday Janet was in a hurry pull to take a piece of paper from the copier. She felt a sudden stab along her finger and saw blood on the paper she was carrying. A paper cut! It seemed a very small wound, but what was the best way to treat it? Janet had taken a basic First Aid course and knew immediately what to do. She stopped the bleeding by pressing a cloth against the wound and held her hand above the level of her heart. When the bleeding stopped, she cleaned the wound, went to the First Aid Kit and used antibiotic ointment(药膏) on the wound before covering it with a plaster. The rest of her day continued as usual.‎ At lunchtime, Janet’s friend Mike was less lucky. He rushed out to play roller hockey with his friends. John is always determined to win. As he speeded towards goal, he didn’t see anything but the ball and certain success for the team. In front of him there was a small rock. He was thrown in the air and skidded along on his knees. He had forgotten his kneepads! ‎ His first thought was, “Did the goal go in?” Then his knees started to sting.‎ He looked down and felt faint at the sight. John had never had First Aid training and he was very frightened. ‎ His Team Captain, Jerry, stayed calm. He took the same steps that Janet had done that morning, and also made sure that John was no l onger frightened. At the same time, he asked another team member to call the Emergency Services immediately. ‎ Within fifteen minutes John had expert help from the local Ambulance Service. He recovered in record time and played roller hockey with even more determination　—　and with kneepads!‎ Basic First Aid Accidents happen anywhere and anytime. The first response to an accident is the most important. Often times, first aid given at the scene can improve the victim’s chances of survival and a good recovery. The right response is better than an incorrect quick one. Any response, even if it is wrong, is better than none at all.‎ Unconscious Victim If the victim is unconscious, perform rescue breathing. (Rescue breathing is explained later on in this section.) If the victim’s heart has stopped beating, perform resuscitation (CPR) if you have been properly trained to do so. ‎ Shock Shock usually accompanies severe injury or emotional upset. The signs are cold and clammy skin, pale face, chills, confusion, frequent nausea or vomiting and shallow breathing. Until emergency help arrives, have the victim lie down with the legs elevated. Keep the victim covered to prevent chilling or loss of body heat. Give non-alcoholic fluids if the victim is able to swallow and has not sustained an abdominal injury. ‎ Bleeding Until emergency help arrives, try to control bleeding. If possible, first put on rubber or latex gloves before touching blood. If these are not available, a clean plastic bag can be used to cover your hands. It is important not to come in contact with blood because of the health risks.‎ If finger or hand pressure is inadequate to control bleeding, place a thick pad of clean cloth or bandage directly over the wound, and hold in place with a belt, bandage, neckties or cloth strips. Take care not to stop the circulation to the rest of the limb. For injuries where a tie cannot be used, such as to the groin, back, chest, head and neck, place a thick pad of clean cloth or bandage ‎ directly over the wound and control the bleeding with finger or hand pressure. If bones are not broken, raise the bleeding part higher than the rest of the body. If the injury is extensive, the victim may go into shock and should be treated for it.‎ As a last resort, a tourniquet can be applied to stop bleeding. There is a risk of sacrificing a limb to save a life. A tourniquet is a wide band of cloth or other material tightly placed just above the wound to stop all flow of blood. A tourniquet crushes the tissue and can cause permanent damage to nerves and blood vessels. Once in place, a tourniquet must be left there until a physician removes it. The victim must be taken to medical help as soon as possible. ‎ Burns and Scalds Until medical help arrives, immerse the burned area immediately in tap or cool water or apply clean, cool, moist towels. Do not use ice because it may cause further damage to the burned area. Maintain this treatment until the pain or burning stops. Avoid breaking any blisters that may appear. Do not use ointments, greases or powders.‎ For more severe burns or chemical burns, keep the victim quiet and treat them for shock. Remove any clothing. If the clothing sticks to the burned area, leave it there. For exposure to chemicals, flush the skin with plenty of water, but only cover the exposed area with a clean bandage if the chemical has caused a burn. If the burn victim is conscious, can swallow and does not have severe mouth burns, give plenty of water or other non-alcoholic liquids to drink. Get the victim to a physician or hospital as soon as possible.‎ Broken Bones For fractured limbs, take the following precautions until emergency help arrives. Place the injured part in as natural a position as possible without causing discomfort to the patient. If the patient must be moved to a medical facility, protect the injured part from further injury by applying splints long enough to extend well beyond the joints above and below the fracture. Use firm material, such as a board, pole or metal rod, as a splint. Pad the splints with clothing or other soft material to prevent skin injury. Fasten splints with a bandage or cloth at the break and at points along the splint above and below the break. Use a pressure bandage to control any bleeding.‎ For very serious fractures involving injuries to the body, neck or back, observe the following: Do not move the victim without medical supervision, unless absolutely necessary, and then only if the proper splints have been applied. If a victim with a suspected neck or back injury must be moved, keep the back, head and neck in a straight line, preventing them from being twisted or bent during movement. Use a board or stretcher to support the victim, if available.‎ Spinal Injuries Take special care when helping a spinal injury victim. All damage to the spinal cord is permanent, because nerve tissue cannot heal itself. The result of nerve damage is paralysis or death.‎ Do not move the limbs or body of a victim with a suspected spinal injury unless the accident scene is such that there is imminent danger of further injury or unless it is necessary to establish breathing. The victim’s body should be stabilized to prevent any movement of the head, neck or body. Be aware that any movement of a victim with spinal injury may result in paralysis or death. ‎ If the victim must be moved, keep the neck and torso of the body as straight as possible and pull in a direction that keeps the victim’s spine in a straight line. Pull the body from the feet or shoulders (using both feet, both shoulders, or both arms pulled over the shoulders). It is also possible to pull the victim by the clothing. Grab the victim by the collar of the shirt and support the victim’s head with your forearms while pulling. The clothing drag is preferred because the victim’s head is supported while being moved. Do not pull the body sideways.‎ When providing patient care, it may be necessary to roll the victim over on his or her back to clear an airway or evaluate breathing. When rolling the victim over, the head, neck and torso should be moved together so that no twisting occurs. ‎ Rescue Breathing for an Adult When breathing movements stop, or lips, tongue and fingernails become blue, a person needs immediate help. When in doubt, apply rescue breathing until medical help arrives. Delay if rescue breathing my cost the victim’s life. Start immediately. Seconds can count.‎ The American Red Cross teaches the following 10 steps to assist an adult who has stopped breathing. ‎ Does the person respond? Tap or gently shake the victim. Shout, "Are you OK?" ‎ Shout, "Help!" Call people who can phone for help. ‎ Roll the person onto their back by pulling them slowly toward you. Slowly pull towards you until the victim is face up. ‎ Open the airway by tilting the head back, and lift the chin. Clear the mouth and throat of any obstructions with your fingers. ‎ Check for breathing. Look, listen and feel for breathing for three to five seconds. ‎ Give two full breaths. Keep the head tilted back. Pinch the nose shut and seal your lips tight around the victim’s mouth. Give two full breaths for one to one and a half seconds each. ‎ Check for pulse at the side of the neck. Feel for pulse for five to 10 seconds. ‎ Phone emergency staff for help. Send someone to call for an ambulance. ‎ Continue rescue breathing. Keep the head tilted back, lift the chin and pinch the nose shut. Give one full breath every five seconds. Look, listen and feel for breathing between breaths. ‎ Recheck the pulse every minute. Keep the head tilted back and feel for the pulse for five to 10 seconds. If the victim has a pulse, but is not breathing, continue rescue breathing. ‎ For infants and small children, follow the first five steps listed above. On the sixth step cover the child’s mouth and nose in a tight seal and give two small breaths. Check for pulse and call for help. Begin rescue breathing, give one small breath every three seconds for an infant and one every four seconds for a child.‎ Choking Choking occurs when food or a foreign object obstructs the throat and interferes with normal breathing. The following steps are advised if the choking victim is unable to speak or cough forcefully.‎ For adults and children over one year of age: ‎ Ask, "Are you choking?" ‎ Shout, "Help!" Call for help if the victim cannot cough, speak or breath, is coughing weakly or is making high-pitched noises. ‎ Phone emergency staff for help. Send someone to call an ambulance. ‎ Do abdominal thrusts. Wrap your arms around the victim’s waist. Make a fist. Place the thumbside of the fist on the middle of the victim’s abdomen just above the navel and well below the lower tip of the breastbone. Grasp the fist with the other hand. Press the fist into abdomen with a quick upward thrust. ‎ Repeat abdominal thrusts until the object is coughed up or the victim starts to breathe or cough. If the victim becomes unconscious, lower the victim onto the floor. Do a finger sweep. Grasp the tongue and lower jaw and lift jaw. Slide the finger down inside of the cheek to base of tongue. Sweep the object out. ‎ Open the airway. Tilt the head back and lift the chin. ‎ Give two full breaths. Keep the head tilted back, pinch the nose shut, and seal your lips tight around the victim’s mouth. Give two full breaths for one to one and a half seconds. ‎ Give six to 10 abdominal thrusts. If the air will not go in, place the heel of one hand against the middle of the victim’s abdomen. Place the other hand on top of the first hand. Press into the abdomen with quick upward thrusts. ‎ Repeat step six through nine until the airway is cleared or the ambulance arrives. ‎ For infants less than one year old: ‎ Place the victim’s head in a downward position on the rescuer’s forearm with the head and neck stabilized. ‎ With the heel of the rescuer’s hand, administer five rapid back blows between the victim’s shoulder blades. ‎ If the obstruction remains, turn the victim face up and rest on a firm surface. ‎ Deliver five rapid thrusts over the breastbone using two fingers. ‎ If the victim is still not breathing normally, administer mouth-to-mouth resuscitation as specified for an infant. ‎ Repeat the above steps as necessary. If the obstruction cannot be removed, call for medical help immediately. ‎ 单元词汇回顾 I.Fill in the blanks with proper words to complete the sentences, the first letter is given.‎ 1. When you find someone hurt, you should perform first a_____ as soon as possible.‎ 2. It’s impolite to do an i_______ to a person’s reputation.‎ 1. Is money e________ to happiness.‎ 2. The sprain made my ankles______ up.‎ 3. He fell down onto the ground as he was cleaning the window, and what’s more, he sprained his w_____.‎ 4. The d_____ air will make food go bad.‎ 5. After the match, the chairman p______ gold medals to the champions(冠军).‎ 6. He has a strong s_____ of duty.‎ 7. He was suspected(有---的嫌疑) of p______ his wife.‎ 8. In my opinion, I don’t think the news is a________.‎ 9. She is so m_____ that I have never seen her angry look.‎ 10. Those blackmailers(勒索者) intended to s______ more money out of him.‎ II.Fill in the blanks with the phrases in the box to complete the sentences using their proper forms。‎ 1. You have three layers of skin to _______ you _______diseases, poison and the sun’s harmful rays.‎ 2. He ________ his hat and bowed (鞠躬) to us.‎ 3. If your skin_________ , it will be very serious.‎ 4. The skin can ________ your body ________ losing water.‎ 5. I prefer to _________ my shirts while they are still damp.‎ 1. The cut soon _________ over, but it left a scar.‎ 2. She _________ to death on a fish bone.‎ 3. I __________ their success.‎ 4. He was _________ an experiment when I rang him.‎ 5. The town _________ a library.‎ 6. III. Complete the following sentences.‎ 1． 迅速采取急救措施将会挽救一个人的生命。‎ ‎________ _______ _______ quickly will save one’s life.‎ 2． 除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把它脱掉。‎ ‎ _______ clothing _______ the burned area unless it _______ _______ _______ the burn..‎ 3． 正是在这条大街上我遇到了我的一个朋友。‎ ‎ ________ ________ in this street ________ I met one of my friends.‎ 4． 他今天穿着一件白色的衣服。‎ Today he ______ _______ ______white.‎ 5． 你要参加讨论吗？‎ Are you going to ________ ________ ________ the discussion.‎ 6． 他从那卷布上剪下了一米。‎ He ________ ________ a metre of cloth from the roll.‎ 1． 令他的老师吃惊的是，他在急救测试中做得比预料的要好。‎ ‎ ______ ______ _______ _______ , he did better in her first aid exam than expected.‎ 2． 你必须坚决执行这次决定。‎ You must firmly ________ ________the decision.‎ 3． 这两栋房子相距得很近。‎ The two buildings _______ _______ ________ each other.‎ 4． 雪覆盖了地面。‎ The ground _______ _______ ________snow.‎ IV.Paraphrase the following sentences。‎ 1． 1． She was unlucky enough to get ill on vacation.‎ ‎= She was unlucky enough to ________ ________ / ________ ________on vacation.‎ ‎2. First degree burns are not serious and should be better within a day or two.‎ ‎= First degree burns are not serious and should be better within _______ _______ ______ _______.‎ ‎3. Second degree burns affect both the top and the second layer of the skin.‎ ‎ = Second degree burns affect _______ _______the top layer _______ _______ the second layer of the skin.‎ ‎4. Taking clothes off burnt area unless stuck to the burn.‎ ‎ =Taking clothing off burnt area unless _______ ________ stuck to the burn.‎ ‎ = Taking clothing off burnt area _______ it _______ _______ stuck to the burn.‎ ‎5. Place cool wet cloths on the burnt area over and over (again).‎ ‎ = Place cool wet cloths on the burnt area _______ _______ ______.‎ ‎6. If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher, if possible.‎ ‎ = If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher, if _______ _______ possible.‎ Answers:‎ I. 1.aid 2.injury 3. essential 4.swell 5.wrist 6.damp 7.presented 8.sense 9.poisoning 10.aunthentic 11.mild 12.squeeze II. 1.protect against 2.took off 3.gets burned 4.prevent from 5.iron 6.healed 7.was choked 8.am proud of 9.carrying out 10.was presented with III. 1.Giving/Performing first aid 2.Take off, is stuck to 3.It was, that 4.is dressed in 5. take part in / join us in 6.cut off 7.To his teacher’s surprise 8.carry out 9. are/stand close to 10. is covered with VI. 1.fall ill / become ill 2.one or two days 3. not only, but also 4.it is; if--- is not 5.again and again/ time and again 6. it is 省略句高考考点归纳及例析 省略句的使用是为了使句子简洁明快，重点突出。这是高考的常考点。现就近几年高考考点总结如下：‎ 考点1、状语从句中的省略 ‎ 1)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,可以省略状语从句中的主语和系动词be, 这时从句中可出现如下结构:‎ ‎①连词(as, as if, once+名词)‎ Once (he was) a teacher, he now works in a government office.‎ ‎②连词(though, whether, when)+形容词 Work hard when (you are) young ,or you’ll regret.‎ ‎③连词(when, while, though)+现在分词 ‎ While (I was) walking along the street, I heard my name called.‎ ‎④连词(when, if ,even if, unless, once, until, than, as)+过去分词 ‎⑤连词(as if, as though)+不定式 He opened his mouth as if (he were) to speak.‎ 高考回顾 ‎1. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ________ every day.‎ ‎(07四川)‎ ‎ A. watered B. watering B. water D. to water 答案:A 解析:在unless 后省略了it is。‎ ‎2. He dressed up and went to the party as if_____. (07.山东诊断二)‎ A. was invited B. had been invited ‎ C. invited D. to be invited 答案：C 解析：as if 后省略了he was。‎ ‎3.______broken, the glass can not hold water. (06石家庄质检)‎ A Once B. After C. On D. Though 解析 meant to 后省略了have thanked her before I left。‎ 考点2、不定式省略,单独使用不定式符号to ‎①在 expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem,try, want, wish等后面。如:‎ I asked him to see the film，but he didn’t want to.‎ ‎②在have, need, ought, be going, used等后面。‎ ‎③在某些形容词pleased, glad, happy 等后面。‎ ‎--Will you join the game?‎ ‎--I’d be glad to.‎ ‎④否定形式的省略用not to。‎ 如果不定式中含有be, have, have been,通常保留be, have,和have been 。如:‎ ‎--He hasn’t finished yet.‎ ‎--Well, he ought to have.‎ 高考回顾 ‎1. In the dream Peter saw himself_____ by a fierce wolf, and he whole ‎ suddenly with a start. (2006 上海春)‎ Ａ.Chased B. to be chased C. Be chased D.having been chased ‎ 答案: A ‎ 解析 see sb. done “看到某人被 ……”,过去分词做宾语的补足语。‎ ‎2、－Does your brother intend to study German?‎ ‎ －Yes, he intends______.‎ A / B to C so D that 答案：B ‎ 解析 intend to 后省略了study German。‎ ‎3、－Would you like to go to the Grand Theatre with me tonight?‎ ‎ －＿＿＿＿＿＿＿．‎ A Yes, I’d like to go to the Grand Theatre B I’d like to, but I have an exam tomorrow C No, I won’t ‎ D That’s right 答案：B 解析 I’d like to 后省略了go　to the Grand Theatre。‎ ‎4、－You should have thanked her before you left.‎ ‎ －I meant_____, but when I was leaving, I couldn’t find her ‎ anywhere. (2000北京春)‎ A to do B to C doing D doing to 答案： B ‎ 考点3、so或not的替代现象 so或not代替上文内容，与动词believe，do，expect，fear，guess，hope，speak，suppose，think及 I’m afraid 等连用。‎ 注意；hope只用I hope not不能用I don’t hope so。‎ 高考回顾 ‎1、－After living in a village for so long, Kathy won’t want to move to a big city.‎ ‎ －I don’t imagine_____.　（07.武汉质检）‎ A. so B. too C. it D. that 答案：Ａ ‎2、Much of the power of the trade unions has been lost._____, their political influence should be very great. (2006广东)‎ A. As a result B.As usual C. Even so D. So far 答案：C 解析 Even so, 即使这样。‎ ‎3、－You haven’t lost the ticket, have you?‎ ‎ — ___. I know it’s not easy to get another one the moment. (2004江苏)‎ A I hope not B Yes, I have C I hope so D Yes, I’m afraid so 答案： A 解析: 根据it’s not easy to get another one at the moment 可知说话者很珍惜。‎ ‎4、－The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they?‎ ‎－_____.（2003北京春）‎ A I guess not so B I don’t guess C I don’t guess so D I guess not 答案：C 解析: I don’t guess so.相当于I don’t think so.。‎ 考点4在than或as…as引导的从句 在than或as…as引导的从句中,常含有一些成分在上下文清楚的情况下被省略。‎ He has made greater progress than (he did) before/ever. ‎ He came home earlier than (he was) expected.‎ She works as hard as young people.‎ 高考回顾 ‎1. George offered a better suggestion to me than_____. (06.中山第一学期期末)‎ A Henry did to Smith B. that of Smith’s ‎ C. Michael’s D. what Charlie offered to me 答案：D ‎ 解析: 在than 后完整的句子为Henry offered a suggestion to S 单元综合知识运用 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A The most important books in 2016‎ The Underground Railroad by Colson Whitehead ‎ “The Underground Railroad” — the story of a young woman’s escape from slavery via an imaginary railroad that brings her to different, imperfect versions of America — was a success on every level. Oprah could pick it for her popular book club; it also won the National Book Award for fiction.‎ Trump Revealed: An American Journey of Ambition, Ego, Money, and Power by Michael Kranish and Marc Fisher Kranish and Fisher worked like lightning to get “Trump Revealed” to print while he was a presidential candidate. The writers turned the reporting of their fellow Washington Post reporters into a detailed, researched story of Trump. This book is valuable in understanding how Trump has behaved in the past as a manager, businessman and private person.‎ The Sun Is Also a Star by Nicola Yoon Yoon’s second novel was a National Book Award finalist for young people’s literature. It’s told from two main points of view: Daniel, a poetry-loving Korean American teenager whose parents want him to be a doctor, and Natasha, a student who hopes to be a scientist and is trying to prevent her family from being forced back to Jamaica. The story follows the threads of these two teens’ lives and those they come across over the course of a day. This book for young adults is full of intelligence, understanding and hope.‎ Born to Run by Bruce Springsteen One of our biggest rock stars, Springsteen has written a new section of rock songs that deeply link his own desire, trouble and longing to the larger story of America. This book, the first from the 67-year-old, tells of his youthful ambitions, his adult belief and his deep commitment to social justice.‎ ‎21. Which of the books is likely to be a suitable gift for a girl aged 18?‎ A. The Underground Railroad. B. Trump Revealed.‎ C. The Sun Is Also a Star. D. Born to Run.‎ ‎22. What can we know about Born to Run?‎ A. Springsteen’s rock songs tell about the teens’ desire and longing. ‎ B. Springsteen wrote the new section of rock songs at the age of 67.‎ C. Readers can enjoy Bruce Springsteen’s rock songs in the book. ‎ D. Readers know more about Bruce Springsteen’s life.‎ ‎23. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A. The Underground Railroad tells of a young woman escaping from slavery by train.‎ B. Trump Revealed was printed before Trump became the President of America.‎ C. Natasha tried hard to force her family back to Jamaica.‎ D. Yoon’s second novel won the National Book Award for fiction.‎ B Every day after school, little Joy came to Mr. Dow's store. He loved to look at the pipes. One pipe especially caught his eye. Now he looked around the store. Nobody was looking. He put the bowl of the pipe in his hand and left immediately. ‎ But soon Joy was at a loss. He could hide the pipe. He could throw it away. He could send Mr. Dow the money for it. His thoughts went around in the same circle again and again. He felt sick all over.‎ The sun was slipping down through the trees and it was time to go home. Time was running out. His mother would look at him and she would know. She always knew. A hot tear ran down his cheek. She trusted him. This was the first year she had left him alone for three hours between school and the time she got home from work. She had to work to buy his clothes and to pay for their food and for a place to live. He remembered the nice way she said, “You are a little man now, Joy.” It made him sad when his mother’s words came back to him. She trusted him.‎ Remembering this, he felt as if someone had stuck a sharp stick into his side. Her trust in him was all he could think about now. It drove everything else from his mind. “She trusted me.” He kept saying to himself. “She trusted me. This was most important. Next to this, the pipe and its magic power meant nothing.”‎ Joy looked at the long shadows coming toward him. He now knew what he had to do. And he was in a hurry to get it done. He jumped out of the swing and started running. When he took the pipe, he left the store with slow unsure steps. Now his feet were quick, decisive, taking him straight back to the store like an arrow. He was out of breath when he reached the store.‎ Mr. Dow was just inside the door. The big man smiled. Joy wished he had not. Somehow, that friendly smile made it more difficult for Joy to do what he wanted to do. Joy was lost for a moment. His feet felt heavy. Suddenly, blindly, he held out the pipe. His voice struggled to come out from deep inside of the painful chest.‎ ‎“Mr. Dow,” he said at last, “I didn’t mean to take it.”‎ ‎“Thanks, Joy.” Mr. Dow said as he gently took the pipe from the boy’s hand. “How about staying around and helping me close up the shop?”‎ Joy felt Mr. Dow’s big hand on his shoulder. And Joy felt his shoulders had become a little broader and stronger.‎ ‎24. What kind of a life did Joy and his mother live?‎ A. A poor life. B. A new life. C. A happy life. D. A modern life.‎ ‎25. Why did Joy feel like being hurt by something sharp?‎ A. He felt sorry for his mother. B. He couldn’t help the family.‎ C. He had run away from school. D. He disappointed his mother’s expectations.‎ ‎26. What do we know about Mr. Dow’s smile to Joy?‎ A. It’s broad. B. It’s warm. C. It’s false. D. It’s secret.‎ ‎27. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A. An Interesting Pipe B. A Powerful Smile C. Unconditional Love D. Magic Trust C As a person who writes about food and drink for a living, I couldn’t tell you the first thing about Bill Perry or whether the beers he sells are that great. But I can tell you that I like this guy. That’s because he plans to ban tipping in favor of paying his servers an actual living wage.‎ I hate tipping. I hate it for the post-dinner math it requires of me. But mostly, I hate tipping because I believe I would be in a better place if employees were simply left up to their employers, as is the custom in every other industry.‎ Most of you probably think that you hate tipping, too. Research suggests otherwise. You actually love tipping! You like to feel that you have a voice in how much money your server makes. No matter how the math works out, you view restaurants with voluntary tipping systems as being a better value, which makes it extremely difficult for restaurants and bars to do away with the tipping system.‎ One argument that you tend to hear a lot from the pro-tipping crowd seems logical enough: the service is better when waiters depend on tips. Well, if this were true, we would all be slipping a few 100-dollar bills to our doctors on the way out their doors, too. But as it turns out, in one survey, 30% said they didn’t believe the job they did had any effect on the tips they received.‎ So come on, folks: get on board with quitting the outdated tip system. Pay a little more for your beer or burger. Support Bill Perry’s pub, and any other bar or restaurant that doesn’t ask you to do drunken math.‎ ‎28. What can we learn about Bill Perry from the passage?‎ ‎　　A. He runs a pub that serves excellent beer.‎ ‎　　B. He gives his staff a considerable sum for tips.‎ ‎　　C. He intends to get rid of the tipping practice.‎ D. He lives comfortably without getting any tips.‎ ‎29. Why do many people love tipping according to the author?‎ ‎　　A. They help improve the quality of the restaurants they dine in.‎ ‎　　B. They believe waiters deserve such rewards for good service.‎ ‎　　C. They want to preserve a wonderful tradition of the industry.‎ ‎　　D. They can have some say in how much their servers earn.‎ ‎30. What have some waiters come to realize according to a survey?‎ ‎　　A. Service quality has little effect on tip size.‎ ‎　　B. It is in human nature to try to save on tips.‎ ‎　　C. Tips make it more difficult to please customers.‎ ‎　　D. Tips benefit the boss rather than the employees.‎ ‎31. What does the author agree with in the passage?‎ ‎　　A. Restaurants should calculate the tips for customers.‎ ‎　　B. Customers should pay more tips to help improve service.‎ ‎　　C. Waiters deserve better than just relying on tips for a living.‎ D. Waiters should be paid by employers instead of customers.‎ D Whenever something looks interesting or beautiful, there’s a natural impulse(冲动) to want to own and preserve it — which means, in this day and age, that we’re likely to reach for our phones to take a picture.‎ Though this would seem to be an ideal solution, there are two big problems associated with taking pictures. Firstly, we’re likely to be so busy taking the pictures that we forget to look at the world whose beauty and interest prompted us to take a photograph in the first place. And secondly, because we feel the pictures are safely stored on our phones, we never get around to looking at them, so sure are we that we’ll get around to it one day.‎ These problems were noticed right at the beginning of the history of photography, when the average camera was the size of a grandfather clock. The first person to notice them was the English art critic, John Ruskin. He was a traveller who realised that most tourists make a boring job of noticing or remembering the beautiful things they see. He argued that humans have an innate tendency to respond to beauty and wish to have it, but that there are better and worse expressions of this desire. At worst, we get into buying souvenirs or taking photographs. But, in Ruskin’s eyes, there’s one thing we should do and that is attempt to draw the interesting things we see, no matter whether we have any talent for doing so. ‎ Ruskin was very upset by how seldom people notice details. He strongly disapproved of the travellers who prided themselves on covering Europe in a week by train. “If he be truly a man, no harm to go slow; for his glory is not at all in going, but in being.”‎ ‎32. What does the underlined word “prompted ” mean?‎ A. make people decide to do something. B. encourage people to say.‎ C. remind people of something. D. inspire people to ask questions.‎ ‎33. When taking pictures, people may___________.‎ A. find a good way to store good memories in their minds B. feel it hard to learn the skills of taking good photos C. ignore appreciating something attractive on the spot D. have chances to meet the challenge of new technology ‎34. In Ruskin’s opinion, how should travelers best express their desire for something?‎ A. To speak it out frankly. B To share with others timely.‎ C. To purchase it generously. D. To paint a picture directly.‎ ‎35. What made the travelling people proud of according to the last paragraph ?‎ A. The long distance that they have covered.‎ B. The happy hours that they have gone through.‎ C. The advanced transport tool that they have taken.‎ D. The great convenience that they have been offered.‎ 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ We are all called upon to make a speech at some point in life, but most of us don't do a very good job. As is often the case, you have to give a speech — and you're terrified. You get nervous, you forget what you want to say, you stumble(结结巴巴) over words, you talk too long, and you bore your audience. Later you think, ‎ ‎"Thank goodness, it's over. I'm just not good at public speaking. I hope I never have to do that again." Cheer up! 36 . Here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech making. ‎ ‎ 37 . What is the occasion? Why are you speaking? Then, gather as many facts as you can on your subject. Spend plenty of time doing your research. Then spend plenty of time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible, and use pictures, charts, and graphs if they will help you make your points more clearly. 38 . Don’t talk over their heads, and don't talk down to them. Treat your audience with respect. They will appreciate your thoughtfulness. ‎ Just remember: be prepared. Know your subject, your audience, and the occasion. Be brief. 39 . And be yourself. Let your personality come through so that you make person-to-person contact with your audience.‎ If you follow these simple steps, you’ll see that you don't have to be afraid of public speaking. In fact, you may find the experience so enjoyable that you volunteer to make more speeches! You’re not convinced yet? 40 .‎ A. Give it a try and see what will happen.‎ B. In some occasions it is helpful to calm down.‎ C. Ask yourself the purpose of your speech.‎ D. Say what you have to say and then stop.‎ E. Don’t say what you are not familiar with.‎ F. Never forget your audience.‎ G. It doesn't have to be that bad.‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ From childhood, Moira loved to write. Throughout school she 41 writing, but pursuing(追求) it 42 was never a possibility. Her father was a doctor, her ‎ mother a nurse. “Medicine was a fairly 43 choice,” Moira says, “And writing was a career where it wasn’t a 44 that you’d have high income.”‎ ‎ She became a doctor but still wanted to do some writing. However, being a doctor was so 45 that she didn’t take up writing until her thirties. She 46 a novel — a fictionalized version of her travel in China after university. She got excellent 47 . Moira sent it off as many agents as she could find, and found one who wanted to have it    48   . Suddenly, it seemed she was on her 49 as an author.‎ ‎“I had one lengthy phone call with the agent where we 50 all possible areas she thought needed 51 . I worked on those and sent it back to her but didn’t hear anything.” It wasn’t long before Moira found another agent who was 52 if she was willing to rewrite it from the first person to the third person. She did the hard work and sent it off again. “I got back a really brief 53 : ‘Thank you, I’m no longer interested.’ It was really 54 .”‎ A decade went by, and Moira found herself eager to write again, this time 55 for her own enjoyment. She 56 herself the challenge of creating a thriller and chose Western Australia as her setting.‎ ‎ As she was writing just for herself, something surprising began to happen. “The characters 57 a life of their own, they started doing things I hadn’t thought about. It just 58 out.” One day, an agent called from Australia. Three weeks later, Moira had a publication deal. Her novel, Cicada, was published in March.‎ ‎“ 59 it hadn’t been published I still gained so much from the 60 .” says Moira.‎ ‎41. A. learnt B. avoided C. considered D. enjoyed ‎42. A. actively B. professionally C. energetically D. permanently ‎43. A. influential B. clear C. terrible D. safe ‎44. A. dream B. purpose C. choice D. certainty ‎45. A. promising B. discouraging C. demanding D. interesting ‎46. A. produced B. introduced C. bought D. received ‎47. A. rewards B. readers C. reviews D. praises ‎48. A. rewritten              B. published                 C. developed           D. designed ‎49. A. own B. feet C. way D. business ‎50. A. took off B. went through C. pulled down D. came over ‎51. A. deleting B. adapting C. polishing D. covering ‎52. A. fascinated B. interested C. anxious D. amused ‎ ‎53. A. letter B. word C. sign D. notice ‎54. A. common B. stubborn C. terrifying D. disappointing ‎55. A. purely B. wonderfully C. instantly D. sadly ‎56. A. set B. found C. made D. permitted ‎57. A. put up B. took on C. went over D. got down ‎58. A. flew B. brought C. broke D. carried ‎59. A. Ever since B. As if C. If only D. Even if ‎60. A. adventure B. practice C. process D. result 第Ⅱ卷 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Bike-sharing is a fun, affordable and convenient alternative to walking, taxis, buses and the subway. It 61 (take) off in China far faster than in any other market in the past few years. The bike-sharing companies operate with the assistance of high technology. They use apps that allow users, after paying a deposit, 62 (unlock) the wheels with their smartphones. 63 the journey, users can leave bikes in the nearby assigned places in public and pay a little money for the use. 64 service is very popular as it provides an effective solution to “the last kilometer” problem.‎ However, the promoting of the bike-sharing service is also raising questions. In order to attract more subscribers, the bike-sharing companies are flooding walkways and other public 65 (space) with hundreds of bikes, but it brings great 66 (convenient) to walkers. Furthermore, 67 lack of relevant regulations, some people 68 (impolite) damage shared-bikes, for example, by throwing 69 (they) into rivers, just because the GPS devices in the bikes give away users’ personal information, such as their locations. So the government, companies and users should all play their roles in 70 (make) bike-sharing sustainable and enjoyable. ‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ The other day I go to the shoe shop to buy a pair of new shoes. When I got there, I noticed a foreign lady talking to a salesgirl. But the salesgirl didn’t understand that the foreigner was saying. They both looked worried but helpless. I went up to help them without hesitation. The lady is a Australian. She wanted to buy a pair of size 38 traveling shoes. SoI told it to the salesgirl. The lady felt very glad when she took them. She sang highly praise for my spoken English. Both of them expressed their thank to me. I felt happy that I could express myself freely with English and make myself be understood by foreigners. It was then I realized the value of learning a foreign language and made up our mind to learn English better.‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ 假定你是李华，你校12月24日晚将举行“英语文化节”戏剧（drama）比赛，你们班级正在紧张地排练节目“百万英镑( The Million Pound Bank Note )”准备参赛，你给高一曾教过你的外教Mr. Smith写一封电子邮件寻求指导。‎ 内容包括：‎ ‎1、你附上了节目排练录像，请他给予你相关的指导；‎ ‎2、邀请他圣诞节前夜晚上7:00-9:00到学校报告厅观看比赛。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1、词数100左右： 2、可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考词汇：戏剧drama 排练rehearsal 英语参考答案 阅读理解： 21-23 CDB 24-27 ADBD 28-31 CDAD 32-35 ACDA 36-40 GCFDA ‎ 完形填空：41-45 DBDDC 46-50 ACBCB 51-55 CBADA 56-60 ABADC 语法填空：61. has taken 62. to unlock 63. After 64. The/This 65.spaces ‎ ‎66. inconvenience 67. for 68. impolitely 69. them 70. making 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ The other day I go to the shoe shop to buy a pair of new shoes. When I got there, I ‎ ‎ went noticed a foreign lady talking to a salesgirl. But the salesgirl didn’t understand that the what foreigner was saying. They both looked worried but helpless. I went up to help them without ‎ and hesitation. The lady is a Australian. She wanted to buy a pair of size 38 traveling shoes. So ‎ an I told it to the salesgirl. The lady felt very glad when she took them. She sang highly praise high for my spoken English. Both of them expressed their thank to me. I felt happy that I could ‎ thanks express myself freely with English and make myself be understood by foreigners. It was ‎ in then ∧I realized the value of learning a foreign language and made up our mind to learn that my English better.‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ Version 1 Dear Mr. Smith, I am Li Hua, who you taught in Senior One. I still remember the wonderful classes you gave us. Now I am writing to ask you for some advice. Our school is having a drama competition on Dec. 24 as part of an English Cultural Festival, and we have been working hard on our performance of The Million Pound Bank Note. I have sent a video of our rehearsal. Could you please tell us what you think of our performance? Is there anything we can do to improve it? Any suggestions are highly appreciated. And we sincerely invite you to watch our competition live at the School Lecture Hall from 7 to 9 on the evening of Dec.24. Yours, Li Hua （ 118 words ）‎ Version 2 Dear Mr. Smith, My name is Li Hua, who you taught in Senior One. I remember you well because of your kindness and lively classes. Now I am writing to ask for your advice. Recently we have been busy preparing our performance The Million Pound Bank Note for the Drama Competition to be held on Dec. 24, which is an important event in our school’s English Cultural Festival. With the attached video of our rehearsal, I hope you can give us some guidance so that we can improve it. Any suggestions are highly appreciated. And we sincerely invite you to watch our competition live at the School Lecture Hall from 7 to 9 on the evening of Dec.24. Yours, Li Hua （115 words ）‎ 书面表达评分参考：‎ 一、评分原则 ‎1．本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。‎ ‎2．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。‎ ‎3．词数少于80和多于120的，从总分中减去2分。‎ ‎4．评分时应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性及上下文的连贯性。‎ ‎5．拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。‎ ‎6．如书写较差以至影响交际，将其分数降低一个档次。‎ 二、内容要点 ‎1．自我介绍；‎ ‎2. 忙于排练，准备参赛；‎ ‎3．随邮件附上录像，请求指导；‎ ‎4. 邀请来观看节目。‎ 三、各档次的给分范围和要求 第五档（21～25分）‎ 完全完成了试题规定的任务。‎ ‎－ 覆盖所有内容要点。‎ ‎－ 应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。‎ ‎－ 语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致。‎ ‎－ 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。‎ 完全达到了预期的写作目的。‎ 第四档（16～20分）‎ 完成了试题规定的任务。‎ ‎－ 虽漏掉一两个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。‎ ‎－ 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。‎ ‎－ 语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。‎ ‎－ 应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。‎ 达到了预期的写作目的。‎ 第三档（11～15分）‎ 基本完成了试题规定的任务。‎ ‎－ 虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。‎ ‎－ 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。‎ ‎－ 有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。‎ ‎－ 应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯。‎ 整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。‎ 第二档（6～10分）‎ 未恰当完成试题规定的任务。‎ ‎－ 漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。‎ ‎－ 语法结构单调，词汇知识有限。‎ ‎－ 有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。‎ ‎－ 较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。‎ 信息未能清楚地传达给读者。‎ 第一档（1～5分）‎ 未完成试题规定的任务。‎ ‎－ 明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。‎ ‎－ 语法结构单调，词汇知识有限。‎ ‎－ 较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。‎ ‎－ 缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。‎ 信息未能传达给读者。‎ ‎0分 未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；所写内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。‎ ‎ ‎ 四、说明 ‎1．内容要点可用不同方式表达。‎ ‎2．应紧扣主题，可适当发挥。 ‎