重庆市北碚区2020届高三上学期第一次诊断性考试英语试题

重庆市北碚区2020届高三上学期第一次诊断性考试英语试题

绝密★启用前（‎2020年1月16日15：00-17：00）‎ 北碚区高2020届普通高等学校招生第一次诊断性考试 英语 考试时间：120分钟；分数：150分 注意：本试卷包含Ⅰ、Ⅱ两卷。第Ⅰ卷为选择题，所有答案必须用2B铅笔涂在答题卡中相应的位置。第Ⅱ卷为非选择题，所有答案必须填在答题卷的相应位置。答案写在试卷上均无效，不予记分。‎ 英语听力 第一节（共5小题）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1.Why does the woman refuse the invitation for tonight?‎ A.She doesn’t like the man.‎ B.She has another appointment.‎ C.She is too busy with her work.‎ ‎2.What does the man think of classical music?‎ A.He does not like it at all.‎ B.He prefers it to other music.‎ C.He enjoys it at bedtime.‎ ‎3.What did the two girls do yesterday?‎ A.They went to the English Evening.‎ B.They went to meet Jeff.‎ C.They became friends at the English Evening.‎ ‎4.What time is it now?‎ A.9:00.B.9:10.C.9:40.‎ ‎5.What do we know about the man?‎ A.He saw off his father at the airport yesterday.‎ B.He was late for class yesterday morning.‎ 绝密★启用前（‎2020年1月16日15：00-17：00）‎ 北碚区高2020届普通高等学校招生第一次诊断性考试 英语 考试时间：120分钟；分数：150分 注意：本试卷包含Ⅰ、Ⅱ两卷。第Ⅰ卷为选择题，所有答案必须用2B铅笔涂在答题卡中相应的位置。第Ⅱ卷为非选择题，所有答案必须填在答题卷的相应位置。答案写在试卷上均无效，不予记分。‎ 英语听力 第一节（共5小题）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1.Why does the woman refuse the invitation for tonight?‎ A.She doesn’t like the man.‎ B.She has another appointment.‎ C.She is too busy with her work.‎ ‎2.What does the man think of classical music?‎ A.He does not like it at all.‎ B.He prefers it to other music.‎ C.He enjoys it at bedtime.‎ ‎3.What did the two girls do yesterday?‎ A.They went to the English Evening.‎ B.They went to meet Jeff.‎ C.They became friends at the English Evening.‎ ‎4.What time is it now?‎ A.9:00.B.9:10.C.9:40.‎ ‎5.What do we know about the man?‎ A.He saw off his father at the airport yesterday.‎ B.He was late for class yesterday morning.‎ C.He went to meet his cousin yesterday morning.‎ 第二节（共15小题）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。‎ ‎6.What are the two speakers mainly talking about?‎ A.When they surf the Web.‎ B.What they do on the Internet.‎ C.How they look up information online.‎ ‎7. How often does the man probably surf the Internet?‎ A.Once a week.B.Twice a week.‎ C.Several times a week.‎ ‎8.What do we know about the man?‎ A.He has never sent e-mail.‎ B.He gets some help from the Web.‎ C.He shows no interest in the Internet.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。‎ ‎9.Where does this conversation take place?‎ A.On a train.B.Near a bus stop.‎ C.In a department store.‎ ‎10.What did the man do?‎ A.He hurt the woman.‎ B.He helped the woman carry the bags.‎ C.He made the woman drop the bags to the  ground.‎ ‎11.What is the woman like?‎ A.She is kind.B.She is rude.C.She is proud.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。‎ ‎12.Where does this conversation take place?‎ A.In a restaurant.B.In a hospital.‎ C.At the office.‎ ‎13.When does the woman get a pain in stomach?‎ A.About an hour after she has eaten.‎ B.About an hour before she has eaten.‎ C.Just when she begins to eat.‎ ‎14.What can you conclude about the woman’s husband from  this conversation?‎ A.He eats very quickly.‎ B.He doesn’t eat as quickly as his wife.‎ C.He sometimes eats more slowly than his wife.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。‎ ‎15.Where did the two speakers go for dinner?‎ A.To McDonald’s.B.To KFC.‎ C.To a Chinese restaurant.‎ ‎16.Why didn’t they eat at home?‎ A.Because Jill’s mother was not in the house.‎ B.Because Jill was tired  of her father’s cooking.‎ C.Because Jill’s father wanted to eat fried chicken.‎ ‎17.What did Jill want for her dinner?‎ A.Hamburger,salad,coffee and chicken.‎ B.Hamburger,salad,Coke,and ice cream.‎ C.Hamburger,vegetables and coffee.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。‎ ‎18.What do we know about Manhattan Island?‎ A.It used to be a small country.‎ B.Only Indians lived there before 1609.‎ C. It was controlled by Dutch before 1609.‎ ‎19.Why did Henry Hudson go to Manhattan Island?‎ A.He wanted to trade with the Indians.‎ B.He hoped to find a shorter way to the Far East.‎ C.He wanted to find more land for his country.‎ ‎20.How did the Indians react to Henry Hudson’s  arrival?‎ A.They captured him.‎ B.They didn’t allow him to land.‎ C.They were friendly to him.‎ 一、阅读理解 A Before birth,babies can tell the difference between loud sounds and voices.They can even distinguish their mother’s voice from that of a female stranger.But when it comes to embryonic learning（胎教），birds could rule the roost.As recently reported in TheAuk:Ornithological Adrances,some mother birds may teach their young to sing even before they hatch(孵化)。New-born chicks can then imitate their mom’s call within a few days of enering the world.‎ This educational method was first observed in 2012 by Sonia Kieindorfer,a biologist at Flinders University in South Australia,and her collcagues.Femake Australian superb fairy wrens were found to repeat one sound over and over again while hatching their eggs,When the eggs were hatched,the baby birds made the similar chirp to their mothers—asound that served as their regular “feed me!”call.‎ To find out if the special quality was more widespread in birds,the researchers sought the red-backed fairy wren,another species of Australian songbird.Firstthey collected sound datd from 67 nests in four sites in Queenslang before and after hatching,Then they identified begging calls by analyzing the order and numberof notes.A computer analysis blindly compared calls produced by mothers and chicks,ranking them by similarity.‎ It turns out that baby red-backed fairy wrens also emerge chirping like their moms. And the more frequently mothers had called to their eggs,the more similar were the babies’ begging calls. In addition,the team set up a separate experiment that suggested that the baby birds that most closely imitated their mom’s voice were rewarded with the most food.‎ This observation hints that effective embryonic learning could signal neurological(神经系统的)strengths of children toparents.An evolutionary inference can then be drawn.”As a parent,do ‎ you investin quality children,or do you invest in children that are in need?”Kleindorfer asks.”Our results suggest that they might be going for quality.”‎ Before birth,babies can tell the difference between loud sounds and voices.They can even distinguish their mother’s voice from that of a female stranger.But when it comes to embryonic learning（胎教），birds could rule the roost.As recently reported in TheAuk:Ornithological Adrances,some mother birds may teach their young to sing even before they hatch(孵化)。New-born chicks can then imitate their mom’s call within a few days of enering the world.‎ ‎  This educational method was first observed in 2012 by Sonia Kieindorfer,a biologist at Flinders University in South Australia,and her collcagues.Female Australian superb fairy wrens were found to repeat one sound over and over again while hatching their eggs,When the eggs were hatched,the baby birds made the similar chirp to their mothers—a sound that served as their regular “feed me!”call.‎ To find out if the special quality was more widespread in birds,the researchers sought the red-backed fairy wren,another species of Australian songbird.First they collected sound data from 67 nests in four sites in Queenslang before and after hatching,Then they identified begging calls by analyzing the order and number of notes.A computer analysis blindly compared calls produced by mothers and chicks,ranking them by similarity.‎ ‎  It turns out that baby red-backed fairy wrens also emerge chirping like their moms. And the more frequently mothers had called to their eggs,the more similar were the babies’ begging calls. In addition,the team set up a separate experiment that suggested that the babybirds that most closely imitated their mom’s voice were rewarded with the most food.‎ This observation hints that effective embryonic learning could signal neurological(神经系统的)strengths of children to parents.An evolutionary inference can then be drawn.”As a parent,do you investin quality children,or do you invest in children that are in need?”Kleindorferasks.”Our results suggest that they might be going for quality.”Before birth,babies can tell the difference between loud sounds and voices.They can even distinguish their mother’s voice from that of a female stranger.But when it comes to embryonic learning（胎教），birds could rule the roost.As recently reported in TheAuk:Ornithological Adrances,some mother birds may teach their young to sing even before they hatch(孵化)。‎ New-born chicks can then imitate their mom’s call within a few days of enering the world.‎ ‎  This educational method was first observed in 2012 by Sonia Kieindorfer,a biologist at Flinders University in South Australia,and her collcagues.Female Australian superb fairy wrens were found to repeat one sound over and over again while hatching their eggs,When the eggs were hatched,the baby birds made the similar chirp to their mothers—a sound that served as their regular “feed me!”call.‎ To find out if the special quality was more widespread in birds,the researchers sought the red-backed fairy wren,another species of Australian songbird.First they collected sound data from 67 nests in four sites in Queenslang before and after hatching,Then they identified begging calls by analyzing the order and number of notes.A computer analysis blindly compared calls produced by mothers and chicks,ranking them by similarity.‎ ‎  It turns out that baby red-backed fairy wrens also emerge chirping like their moms. And the more frequently mothers had called to their eggs,the more similar were the babies’ begging calls. In addition,the team set up a separate experiment that suggested that the babybirds that most closely imitated their mom’s voice were rewarded with the most food.‎ This observation hints that effective embryonic learning could signal neurological(神经系统的)strengths of children to parents.An evolutionary inference can then be drawn.”As a parent,do you investin quality children,or do you invest in children that are in need?”Kleindorferasks.”Our results suggest that they might be going for quality.”‎ Before birth,babies can tell the difference between loud sounds and voices.They can even distinguish their mother’s voice from that of a female stranger.But when it comes to embryonic learning（胎教），birds could rule the roost.As recently reported in TheAuk:Ornithological Adrances,some mother birds may teach their young to sing even before they hatch(孵化)。New-born chicks can then imitate their mom’s call within a few days of enering the world.‎ ‎  This educational method was first observed in 2012 by Sonia Kieindorfer,a biologist at Flinders University in South Australia,and her collcagues.Female Australian superb fairy wrens were found to repeat one sound over and over again while hatching their eggs,When the eggs were hatched,the baby birds made the similar chirp to their mothers—a sound that served as their regular “feed me!”call.‎ To find out if the special quality was more widespread in birds,the researchers sought the red-backed fairy wren,another species of Australian songbird.First they collected sound data from 67 nests in four sites in Queenslang before and after hatching,Then they identified begging calls by analyzing the order and number of notes.A computer analysis blindly compared calls produced by mothers and chicks,ranking them by similarity.‎ ‎  It turns out that baby red-backed fairy wrens also emerge chirping like their moms. And the more frequently mothers had called to their eggs,the more similar were the babies’ begging calls. In addition,the team set up a separate experiment that suggested that the babybirds that most closely imitated their mom’s voice were rewarded with the most food.‎ This observation hints that effective embryonic learning could signal neurological(神经系统的)strengths of children to parents.An evolutionary inference can then be drawn.”As a parent,do you investin quality children,or do you invest in children that are in need?”Kleindorferasks.”Our results suggest that they might be going for quality.”‎ 1. The underlined phrase in Paragraph 1 means“ ”.‎ A. be the worst B. be the best C. be the as bad D. be just as good 2. What are Kleindorfer’s findings based on?‎ A. Similarities between the calls moms and chicks. B. The observation of fairywrens across Australia. C. The data collected fromQueensland’slocals. D. Controlled experiments on wrens and other birds.‎ 3. Embryonic learning helps mother birds to identify the baby birds which  ‎ A. can receive quality signals B. are in need of training C. fit the environment better D. make the loudest call B It is 6:00 am on the first day of the school year.  In Cherrybrook Technology High School, mathematics teacher Eddie Woo is already at work. ‎ ‎       One of the first things before the first bell rings is to set up his tripod(三脚架) and iPad in the middle of the classroom. This technology is Mr. Woo's core tool of the trade. "I'm Mr. Woo. I record my lessons. I record all of them. In fact, I'm about to record this one," he explains to his new maths class.‎ ‎   The unique approach to teaching mathematics has not gone unnoticed. Mr. Woo is arguably the most famous teacher in Australia - a maths teacher by day and an internet sensation(轰动) by night.‎ ‎    He started posting videos online in 2012 for a student who was sick with cancer and missing a lot of school. Other students in the class then wanted to watch Mr. Woo's videos on his free YouTube channel and website, so he started sharing them across the country and beyond.  Wootube now boasts more than 38,000 subscribersc用户 )  and has attracted almost 4 million views worldwide.‎ ‎     Cherrybrook Technology High School principal Gary Johnson said Mr. Woo was helping address a standing shortage of maths teachers in Australia, and making maths popular again. “ He has an ability to simplify mathematics to a level where kids can really understand it," Mr. Johnson said.‎ ‎   12-year-old student Emily Shakespear said Mr. Woo's teaching style made maths irresistible. "I don't want to say it, but he sucked me into maths," she said. Owen Potter, who attends high school in Cobar,  agreed.  "It's difficult to understand how someone in Sydney can influence thousands of people across the whole country," he said.‎ ‎    Mr. Woo won the 2017 University of Sydney Young Alumni Award for Outstanding Achievement, and he was one of 12 Australian teachers honored at the Commonwealth Bank Teaching Awards.‎ 1. Eddie Woo set up an iPad in the middle of the classroom with the purpose of A. listening to music B. playing a video C. recording his class D. showing pictures 2. What can we infer from the statistics in the fourth paragraph?‎ A. Mr. Woo's teaching videos online are very popular. B. Mr. Woo had made a lot of money by selling videos. C. Mr. Woo posted videos online helping many adults. D. Mr. Woo created his Wootube in ‎2012 in Sydney.‎ 1. According to Gary Johnson, Mr. Woo's maths lessons are A. difficult to follow B. easy to understand C. simple to handle D. challenging to learn 2. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?‎ A. Mr. Woo is the most well-known maths teacher in Australia. B. Mr. Woo graduated from the University of Sydney with honors. C. Mr. Woo won the Commonwealth Bank Teaching Awards. D. Mr. Woo's contributions to teaching have been recognized.‎ C ‎    "I am my paintings," says Vincent van Gogh, played by Willem Dafoe in a career-best performance, in Julian Schnabelˈs At Eternityˈs Gate, which follows the artist through his last turmoil (动荡骚乱) and astonishingly prolific years in the late 1880s in the south of France. Watching this film, you can believe it.‎ ‎    Schnabel is, of course, a famous artist as well as a powerful, if powerfully uneven, filmmaker, and what he captures here is what it must have been like to be Van Gogh. Itˈs an artistˈs imagining of what another artist might have felt. He never does break away from the romantic, madness-of-genius cliché(陈词滥调) that has been with so many movies and comments about Van Gogh. Instead, he accepts it because he believes it proves the turmoil that goes into creating great art. Of course, turmoil can also create bad art, but such is Schnabelˈs enthusiasm that I bought into the reality even though I think Van Gogh was a great artist despite rather than because of his mental pain.‎ ‎    I have a bit less sympathy for the ways in which the filmmakers got guess and frank mythmaking into the narrative. But the film comes to a great and sorrowing finish when we hear Vincentˈs words, "I thought an artist has to teach a way to look at the rest of the world. Not ‎ anymore. Now I just think of my relationship with eternity. " One of the great achievements of this movie is that, in the end, Van Gogh's words enter into our soul with the same force as the paintings.‎ 1. Who starred in At Eternity's Gate?‎ A. Vincent van Gogh. B. Julian Schnabel. C. Willem Dafoe. D. Robert Gulaczyk.‎ 2. What do we know about Julian Schnabel?‎ A. He tries to break away from the traditional style. B. He is as good an artist as a film maker. C. His film is better than the previous ones. D. He thinks turmoil creates bad art.‎ 3. What can we know from the last paragraph?‎ A. The film ends happily. B. Van Gogh figured out his relationship with eternity. C. What Van Gogh said has a major influence on us. D. The film teaches us a way to look at the rest of the world.‎ 4. From which is the text probably taken?‎ A. An art textbook. B. An art magazine. C. A movie advertisement. D. A research paper.‎ D ‎​     The position of a car's fuel door (if you can actually remember where it is) remains one of the greatest unsolved motoring mysteries.      Do car company engineers draw straws (抽签) to decide what side of the car the fuel door goes on? No. According to Ford spokesman Mark Schirmer, as reported on the Allstate Blog, engineers are free to place fuel doors on the side of the car that offers the easiest packaging. And while one on each side would be rather convenient, we're not likely to see double fuel doors anytime soon—there's neither the room nor the demand for them.      "The placement of the fuel door is mainly a factor of fuel tank design, location, and underbody packaging," Nissan's Steve Yaeger told the Allstate Blog." With all of the structure and ‎ components located underneath the vehicle, engineers would quickly encounter restrictions in trying to route the filler tube to the same side on every vehicle."      Schirmer says Americans prefer fuel doors on the left side of their cars, probably because it makes it easier for them to place their car's left fender close to the fuel pump. For this reason, itˈs possible that drivers in the U. K., Australia, New Zealand, India, and other countries who drive on the left side of the road favor a right-hand-side fuel door. But thereˈs nothing to confirm that driver preference is a factor. There are regulations about where the fuel door should be positioned, but these donˈt specify the right or left side of the car.      If you canˈt remember the location of your fuel door, simply look at the little diamond-shaped arrow on the fuel gauge (燃油量表) on your dashboard—it points to the side of the car where the fuel door is. Do it before you pull up to the pump, to avoid the embarrassment of having to get back into your car and drive to another pump.‎ 1. Why don't all cars have gas tanks on the same side?‎ A. Engineers place fuel doors where they like. B. Drivers ask for its position due to their driving habits. C. It troubles engineers if they are on the same side. D. There are regulations about which side it should be positioned.‎ 2. Why do Americans prefer fuel doors on the left side?‎ A. They are left-handed. B. Itˈs convenient for their fuel filling. C. It is easier to place their carˈs right fender near the fuel pump. D. There are many cars with a right-hand-side fuel door in America.‎ 3. What does the underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refer to?‎ A. The fuel door. B. The fuel gauge. C. The dashboard. D. The diamond-shaped arrow.‎ 4. What is the best title for the text?‎ A. Tips to Identify the Location of the Fuel Door B. The Popularity of a Right-hand-side Fuel Door to American Drivers C. Reasons for Gas Tanks on Different Sides D. The Motoring Mysteries 二、阅读七选五 ‎                           Practical ways to get motivated Be mindful of your "why".     If I need to clean the floor, but I really don't like cleaning, then I won't feel very motivated to do it. However, if I have a big enough reason to do it—because I'm having some guests to come over, or I love the feeling of having a clean floor, then that "bigger purpose" can be strong enough to get me to act, even though I don't enjoy cleaning. If I stay mindful of why I'm doing it, I can get motivated to do it.   (1)   Celebrate your successes.     It's easy to get down on yourself because you haven't reached your goal yet. You may overlook all of the hard work and small goals that you've accomplished. Remember to reward yourself and to celebrate your successes.   (2)   In the same way, how can you motivate yourself if you're not going to reward yourself and celebrate your successes?   (3)       Imagine how good you'll feel when you've reached your goal. Take a moment and think about how you'll feel and what you'll think after you've achieved it. What does it feel like?   (4)   Focus on that feeling, and use it to drive you right now to move towards your goal. Just think of how good it will be. Get inspired.     Read stories, watch movies, listen to other people who have achieved what you want to achieve. Imagine what they had to go through to get to where they are. Imagine how big the heart is of some of your biggest heroes and how badly they wanted what they achieved.   (5)   A. Imagine having already achieved it. B. Get help and support when you're not feeling motivated. C. So remind yourself of why you're doing what you're doing. D. What kind of self-talk would you use to motivate yourself? E. Let them inspire you to access your own great desire within. F. You might feel proud, happy, satisfied, or any other emotion. G. Would you be able to properly train a dog without rewarding him?‎ 三、完形填空 Two weeks earlier，my son，Ben ，had got in touch． He'd moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I'd (21)seen him． So imagine my (22) when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me． I was (23) ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to (24)． The bay was(25) in sunshine， and there was a group of kayakers around ‎150m off the shore． Getting a little (26)，I realized one kayak（皮划艇）was in (27)． "Something's not(28) !" I took off my T-shirt and (29) into the water． I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle． He was (30)violently． Linking arms with one of the instructors，I helped (31) the young man out of the water． He was unconscious and as I looked at his face， something (32)to me． Those brown eyes were very (33)． "What's his name ？" I asked the instructor． "Ben，" he replied， and immediately I(34)． That stranger was my son! The instructors called for an ambulance．(35)， after a brief stay in hospital， Ben was well enough to be allowed to (36)and later the family met up for dinner． We chatted about everything and then Ben (37)to me． "I just want to say thank you，" he said， "You(38)my life !" I still can't believe what a (39)it was． I'm just so glad I was there(40) to help my son．‎ 1. ‎ A. also B. often C. even D. last 2. ‎ A. delight B. relief C. anger D. worry 3. ‎ A. scared B. shocked C. thrilled D. ashamed 4. ‎ A. talk B. stay C. meet D. settle 5. ‎ A. bathed B. clean C. deep D. formed 6. ‎ A. faster B. closer C. heavier D. wiser 7. ‎ A. trouble B. advance C. question D. battle 8. ‎ A. real B. right C. fair D. fit 9. ‎ A. stared B. sank C. dived D. fell 10. ‎ A. arguing B. fighting C. shouting D. shaking 11. ‎ A. lead B. persuade C. carry D. keep 12. ‎ A. happened B. occurred C. applied D. appealed 13. ‎ A. sharp B. pleasant C. attractive D. familiar 14. ‎ A. agreed B. hesitated C. doubted D. knew 1. ‎ A. Fortunately B. Frankly C. Sadly D. Suddenly 2. ‎ A. return B. relax C. speak D. leave 3. ‎ A. joked B. turned C. listened D. pointed 4. ‎ A. created B. honored C. saved D. guided 5. ‎ A. coincidence B. change C. pity D. pain 6. ‎ A. on board B. in time C. for sure D. on purpose 四、阅读填空 7. ‎    Today and every day we are the targets of salespeople, marketers, advertisers, fundraisers and politicians trying to persuade us to buy something, do something or think a certain way. Over the years, they've learned a lot about which features to build into a communication to increase its success. But, by concentrating on the message itself, they've missed a crucial component of the process. Research done in the last 15 years shows that the best persuasion is achieved through good pre-suasion: the practice of arranging for people to agree with a message before they know what's in it.     Pre-suasion works by focusing people's preliminary (开始的) attention on a selected concept—let's say softness—which encourages them to overvalue related opportunities that immediately follow. In one study, visitors to an online sofa store were sent to a site that illustrated either soft clouds or small coins in the background of its landing page. Those who saw the soft clouds were more likely to prefer soft, comfortable sofas for purchase, whereas those who saw the small amounts of money preferred inexpensive models.     A following study showed the pre-suasive mechanism. Subjects became three times more likely to help a researcher who "accidentally" dropped some items if, immediately before, they'd been exposed to images of figures standing together in a friendly pose. If this tripling of helpfulness doesn't seem remarkable enough, consider that the subjects were 18 months old—hardly able to reason or review or reflect.     Long before scientists started studying the process, a few notable communicators had an understanding of it.     In February 2015, the financial investor Warren Buffett had a problem. It was 50 years since he had taken control of Berkshire Hathaway Inc., guiding it to amazing levels of value, along with his brilliant partner Charlie Munger. Many investors were worried that, because ‎ Buffett and Munger were getting older, these levels couldn't be maintained in the future, perhaps making it time to sell Berkshire stock.     To respond to these concerns, Buffett wrote a letter to shareholders in which he described various reasons for confidence in Berkshire's continuing profitability. But, before the description of strengths, he declared with characteristic sincerity that what he was about to state was "what I would say to my family today if they asked me about Berkshire's future." The result was a flood of favorable reaction to the letter as well as a per-share increase for the year of nearly five times that of the S&P.     With considerable success, practitioners of social influence have always placed persuasive prods (刺激)—small gifts, emotional draw, last-chance opportunities- inside their appeals. Perhaps because of that success, they've mostly missed an accompanying truth. For maximum impact, it's not only what you do; it's also what you do just before you do what you do.‎ Passage outline ‎ Supporting details ‎ A   (1)   in communication ‎ People often fail to realize the secret to   (2)   people doesn't lie in the message itself, but in the key moment before it is delivered. ‎ Meaning of pre-suasion ‎ It's a practice where people are made to   (3)   to a message before it is conveyed. ‎ Studies about pre-suasion ‎ ‎●When it comes to buying sofas, customers'   (4)   is related to the background he saw before. ‎ ‎●With some   (5)   to friendly pictures, subjects are more likely to do others a   (6)  . ‎ ‎      A typical   (7)   ‎ ‎●   (8)   Berkshire's success, investors intended to sell the stock, doubting continuing profitability. ‎ ‎●In the letter   (9)   to the concerns, Buffett got across what he would say to his family to investors, for which he got all credit. ‎ Conclusion ‎ Practitioners should keep in mind that pre-suasion can enhance the power of   (10)  . ‎ 五、短文改错 1. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 ‎ ‎    增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎    删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ ‎    修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ ‎    注意：(1)每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎    (2)只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎    Yesterday, Tom and I were walking down the street when we saw the old man fall off his bike. I suggested we carried the old man to hospital, and Tom did not agree. He had learned first aid, so I said that the old man mustn't be moving. We should leave him what he was and check him first. Seeing that the old man wasn't breathing, Tom asks me to call the First-aid Center and he used the mouth-to-mouth way make the old man breathe. Soon the old man began to move on a little and the doctors also arrived. They said what we had done were right.‎ 六、书面表达 2. 假设你是李华，暑假你随学校组织的访问团去美国中学参观访问，并与纽约州长岛市Newcomers High School 的学生Tina成了好朋友。期间，Tina带你参观了她的学校并介绍了校史，还请你品尝了美食。回国后，你打算给Tina写一封信，主要内容如下： (1)表达你的感激之情； (2)赞叹该校美丽的环境和课堂的生动活跃； (3)邀请对方来中国； (4)表达祝愿。 注意： (1)可适当加入细节，以使行文连贯; (2)词数：100左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数) 。 Dear Tina,     How are you? I am now back in China._____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 答案和解析 ‎【英语听力答案】‎ ‎1~5.BAABC6~10.BCBBC ‎11~15.ABABA16~20.BBBBC ‎1.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】B ‎【小题2】A ‎【小题3】C ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】58．B．考查词义猜测题.根据第二段As recently reported in The Auk:Ornithological Adrances, some mother birds may teach their young to sing even before they hatch(孵化)。New-born chicks can then imitate their mom’s call within a few days of enering the world.可知最近The Auk:Ornithological Adrances的报道指出：在孵化之前，一些鸟妈妈甚至就会教孩子们叫，新出生的小鸡就可以模仿它们的妈妈的叫声．由此可知，But when it comes to embryonic learning（胎教），birds could rule the roost的意思：说到胎教，鸟类可以称第一．即"rule the roost"的意思是：最好．故答案选B． 59.A.考查细节理解题。根据第二、三、四段的内容，尤其是第二段中的the baby birds made the similar chirp to their mothers,第三段的最后一句及第四段的第二句可知，Kleindorfer的发现是基于母鸟与幼鸟的叫声的相似性的，因此本题答案是A. 60.C. 考查细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的最后一句和最后一段中的An evolutionary inference can then be drawn可知，与母鸟的叫声最相似的幼鸟可以得到最多的食物，这也能说明它符合进化的理论：适者生存，故答案是C. 4.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】C ‎【小题2】A ‎【小题3】B ‎【小题4】D ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Mr . Woo在教学方面的优秀表现，他的在线课程受到学生们的欢迎,对教学的贡献已经得到广泛认可。 【关键词】mathematics teacher Eddie Woo 1.根据第二段中的I record my lessons. I record all of them.可知，Eddie Woo要录自己的课。故选C。 2.根据第四段中的Wootube now boasts more than 38,000 subscribersc用户 )  and has attracted almost 4 million views worldwide.可知，Wootube现在有38,000个用户，吸引了全世界几乎4百万人看视频，所以推知Woo的教学视频很受欢迎。故选A。 3.根据第五段中的 He has an ability to simplify mathematics to a level where kids can really understand it," Mr. Johnson said.可知，按照Gary Johnson的说法，Woo的数学课很容易理解。故选B。 4.根据最后一段中的and he was one of 12 Australian teachers honored at the Commonwealth Bank Teaching Awards.可知，Woo是在英联邦银行教学奖中被授予的12位澳大利亚教师之一。 Woo对教学的贡献得到了认可。故选D。 8.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】C ‎【小题2】B ‎【小题3】C ‎【小题4】B ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】 [文章大意]本文是一篇影评，主要介绍了对电影At Eternityˈs Gate的评论。 【关键词】At Eternityˈs Gate；Schnabel 1.根据第1段的第1句，可知主演的全名是：Willem Dafoe，故选C。 2.根据第2段的第1句 Schnabel is, of course, a famous artist as well as a powerful, if powerfully uneven, filmmaker，可 知Julian Schnabel是艺术家兼电影制片人，故选B。 3.根据最后一段的最后两句"I thought an artist has to teach a way to look at the rest of the world. Not anymore. Now I just think of my relationship with eternity. "  One of the great achievements of this movie is that, in the end, Van Gogh's words enter into our soul with the ‎ same force as the paintings. 可 推理出作者认为梵高的这句话对观众的影响会很大，故选C。 4.[解题思路]根据本文的内容及写作风格，不是在推介电影，也不是研究或教授什么课题，主要谈对影片及制片人的感想及评论，可推知选自杂志，故选B。 12.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】C ‎【小题2】B ‎【小题3】D ‎【小题4】C ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。主要分析了不同国家生产的汽车加油口盖不在同一侧的原因。 【关键词】The position of a car's fuel door... 1.根据"With all of the structure and components located underneath the vehicle, engineers would quickly encounter restrictions in trying to route the filler tube to the same side on every vehicle."可知，如果把汽车加油口盖放在同一侧，工程师会受到困扰。故选C。 2.根据Schirmer says Americans prefer fuel doors on the left side of their cars, probably because it makes it easier for them to place their carˈs left fender close to the fuel pump.可知，美国人喜欢汽车加油口盖在汽车的左侧是因为加油方便。故选B。 3.根据If you canˈt remember the location of your fuel door, simply look at the little diamond-shaped arrow on the fuel gauge (燃油量表) on your dashboard可知，如果你记不住汽车加油口盖的位置，可以看看方向盘上燃油量表的钻石形状指针，指针指示了汽车加油口盖的位置。故选D。 4.通读全文可知，本文讲述了不同国家生产的汽车加油口盖不在同一侧的原因。故选C。 16.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】C ‎【小题2】G ‎【小题3】A ‎【小题4】F ‎【小题5】E ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】【文章大意】本文讲述了如何让自己变主动。文章向读者介绍了一些能理解自己动机的一些方法，比如用奖励的方式，想象自己获得成功，在英雄中找到启发等等。 1. 根据If I stay mindful of why I'm doing it, I can get motivated to do it.可知，如果我想着我为什么要那么做，我才会有动力。C项So remind yourself of why you're doing what you're doing.‎ 承接上文，且其中的remind yourself of why you're doing与前面的stay mindful of why I'm doing it表述一致。故选C。 2. 根据前文的Remember to reward yourself and to celebrate your successes.和后文的how can you motivate yourself if you're not going to reward yourself and celebrate your successes可知，此段是说奖励可以激发动力，不奖励怎么能知道自己的动机呢。通读选项，G项提到奖励，且能衔接前后文。故选G。 3. 此处是本段标题。根据Imagine how good you'll feel when you've reached your goal.可知，本段是介绍想象自己达成目标，取得成功。关键词是“Imagine”。故选A。 4. 根据后一句Focus on that feeling, and use it to drive you right now to move towards your goal.可知，作者讲到专注于这种感觉，并用它来推动你现在就朝着目标迈进。F项提到自豪、开心、满意的感觉，与后文的that feeling一致。故选F。 5. 通读此段可知，作者在这一段介绍了从故事中、电影中或其他取得成功的人物上得到启发。再通读选项，E项中提到“them”指的就是前面提到的那些人，他们可以激励你。故选E。 21.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】D ‎【小题2】A ‎【小题3】C ‎【小题4】C ‎【小题5】A ‎【小题6】B ‎【小题7】A ‎【小题8】B ‎【小题9】C ‎【小题10】D ‎【小题11】C ‎【小题12】B ‎【小题13】D ‎【小题14】D ‎【小题15】A ‎【小题16】D ‎【小题17】B ‎【小题18】C ‎【小题19】A ‎【小题20】B ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】1-5 DACCA   6-10BABCD  11-15CBDDA   16-20DBCAB 1．D．考查副词及语境理解．根据前文My son． Ben ，had got in touch ， he'd moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years 可知作者最后一次见到儿子是在13年以前，故答案为D． 2．A．考查名词及语境理解．根据常识及when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me可知这么多年后再次见到儿子会是多么高兴，故答案为A． 3．C．考查形容词及语境理解．根据前文及下文 I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to 可知作者非常激动和兴奋，故答案为C． 4．C．考查动词及语境理解．根据前文when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me可知他们已经约好了见面的地点，故答案为C． 5．A．考查动词及语境理解．根据常识及The bay was  （5）in sunshine可知作者的心情很好，海湾沐浴在阳光之下，故答案为A． 6．B．考查形容词及语境理解．根据常识及Getting a little （6），I realized one kayak（皮划艇）was in  可知离得更近一些才能意识到有个皮划艇遇到了麻烦，故答案为B． 7．A．考查名词及语境理解．根据下文 He was unconscious and as I looked at his face可知作者意识到有个皮划艇遇到了麻烦，故答案为A． 8．B．考查形容词及语境理解．根据下文I took off my T-shirt and  （9）into the water可知作者意识到了情况不妙，故答案为B． 9．C．考查动词及语境理解．根据下文the young man out of the water可知作者脱掉T恤潜入水中，故答案为C． 10．D．考查动词及语境理解．根据常识及He was （10）violently可知人落水后，胳膊会在水中乱舞，故答案为D． 11．C．考查动词及语境理解．根据前文 Linking arms with one of the instructors可知作者帮忙把那位年轻人脱出水中，故答案为C． 12．B．考查动词及语境理解．根据前文 He was unconscious and as I looked at his face可知当作者看着年轻人的时候，作者突然想到了什么，故答案为B． 13．D．考查形容词及语境理解．根据下文That stranger was my son!可知当时年轻人的棕色眼睛非常熟悉，后来才知道就是自己的儿子，故答案为D． 14．D．考查动词及语境理解．根据前文I asked the instructor． "Ben，" he replied可知作者听到名字后马上知道这就是自己的儿子，故答案为D． 15．A．考查副词及语境理解．根据下文 after a brief a stay in hospital，Ben was well enough 可知幸运的是，在医院简短的停留后，儿子很快恢复了，故答案为A． 16．D．考查动词及语境理解．根据下文and later the family met up for dinner可知儿子很快恢复了可以出院，故答案为D． 17．B．考查动词及语境理解．根据下文"I'm just want to say thank you，"‎ 可知儿子转向自己并对自己说到，故答案为B． 18．C．考查动词及语境理解．根据前文及he said， "You（18）my life !"可知儿子应该说的是自己的父亲救了自己的命，故答案为C． 19．A．考查名词及语境理解．A．coinicidence巧合； B． change改变； C． pity同情； D． pain疼痛；根据常识及 I still can't believe what a （19）it was可知难以相信这么一个巧合，故答案为A． 20．B．考查固定搭配及语境理解．A．on board在甲板上； B． in time及时； C． for sure确定的是； D． on purpose故意地；根据 I'm just so glad I was there（20）to help my son可知作者很高兴的是自己能及时在那里救了自己的儿子，故答案为B． 本文讲述的是作者要去见自己13年没有见过面的儿子，就在等待的过程中发现有人落水，帮助救了一名年轻的落水者，看着熟悉的面孔，一问才知道他就是自己要见面的儿子，这真是一个令人难以置信的巧合． 近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高．做完型填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容．千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致．选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确． 41.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】​phenomenon ‎【小题2】​persuading ‎ ‎【小题3】​subscribe/consent ‎【小题4】​preference ‎【小题5】​exposure ‎【小题6】​favor/favour ‎【小题7】​example/case ‎【小题8】​Despite ‎【小题9】​responding ‎【小题10】​influence ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】1.根据第一段中的Today and every day we are the targets of salespeople, marketers, advertisers, fundraisers and politicians trying to persuade us to buy something, do something or think a certain way. Over the years, they've learned a lot about which features to build into a communication to increase its success.‎ ‎“今天和每一天，我们都是销售人员、营销人员、广告商、筹款人员和政客的目标，他们试图说服我们买东西、做些什么或用某种方式思考。这些年来，他们已经了解了许多可以建立在沟通中以增加其成功的特征。”可知本文第一段首先说明了商业交流中的一些“现象”，phenomenon，“现象”，根据前面的冠词a可知此处要用名词单数。故填​phenomenon。 2.根据第一段的内容Research done in the last 15 years shows that the best persuasion is achieved through good pre-suasion: the practice of arranging for people to agree with a message before they know what's in it.“过去15年的研究表明，最好的说服方法是通过良好的劝说来实现的：在人们知道信息内容之前，安排他们同意其中的内容。”可知，人们常常不知道“说服”别人的秘诀不在于信息本身，而在于信息传递之前的关键时刻。介词to之后的动词“说服”要用动名词形式。故填​persuading 。 3.根据第一段的内容the practice of arranging for people to agree with a message before they know what's in it.“在人们知道信息内容之前，安排他们同意其中的内容。”可知，先入为主，就是一种人们在信息被传递前被迫“同意”的做法。be made to之后要用动词原形。​subscribe to/consent to，动词短语，“赞同”。故填​subscribe/consent。 4.根据第二段的内容In one study, visitors to an online sofa store were sent to a site that illustrated either soft clouds or small coins in the background of its landing page. Those who saw the soft clouds were more likely to prefer soft, comfortable sofas for purchase, whereas those who saw the small amounts of money preferred inexpensive models.“在一项研究中，一个在线沙发商店的访问者被送到一个网站，该网站在其登陆页面的背景中展示了软云或小硬币。那些看到软云的人更倾向于购买柔软舒适的沙发，而那些看到少量钱的人更倾向于便宜的型号。”可知，说到买沙发，顾客的“喜好”与他以前看到的背景有关。 名词所有格customers'之后要用名词；preference，不可数名词，“喜好，偏好”。故填​preference。 5.根据第二段的内容 In one study, visitors to an online sofa store were sent to a site that illustrated either soft clouds or small coins in the background of its landing page. Those who saw the soft clouds were more likely to prefer soft, comfortable sofas for purchase, whereas those who saw the small amounts of money preferred inexpensive models.“在一项研究中，一个在线沙发商店的访问者被送到一个网站，该网站在其登陆页面的背景中展示了软云或小硬币。那些看到软云的人更倾向于购买柔软舒适的沙发，而那些看到少量钱的人更倾向于便宜的型号。”可知，当“面对”一些友好的图片时，被研究对象更倾向于对别人表示“赞同”。some之后要用名词，​exposure to，“面临，曝光于”。故填​exposure。 6.根据第二段的内容 In one study, visitors to an online sofa store were sent to a site that ‎ illustrated either soft clouds or small coins in the background of its landing page. Those who saw the soft clouds were more likely to prefer soft, comfortable sofas for purchase, whereas those who saw the small amounts of money preferred inexpensive models.“在一项研究中，一个在线沙发商店的访问者被送到一个网站，该网站在其登陆页面的背景中展示了软云或小硬币。那些看到软云的人更倾向于购买柔软舒适的沙发，而那些看到少量钱的人更倾向于便宜的型号。”可知，当“面对”一些友好的图片时，被研究对象更倾向于对别人表示“赞同”。do sb. a ​favor/favour，固定短语，“帮某人一个忙”，就是说“赞同”了对方的暗示。故填​favor/favour。 7.第五六段以Buffett的Berkshire公司的股票持有量的升降为例，说明先入为主的理论。因此此处的意思是：一个典型的“事例”。example/case，名词，“事例，例子”。根据前面的冠词a可知此处​example/case要用单数。故填​example/case。 8.根据第五段的内容It was 50 years since he had taken control of Berkshire Hathaway Inc., guiding it to amazing levels of value, along with his brilliant partner Charlie Munger. Many investors were worried that, because Buffett and Munger were getting older, these levels couldn't be maintained in the future, perhaps making it time to sell Berkshire stock.“自从巴菲特控制伯克希尔-哈撒韦公司，并将其价值引导到惊人的水平以来，50年过去了。许多投资者担心，由于巴菲特和芒格的年龄越来越大，这些水平在未来无法维持，或许是时候卖掉伯克希尔的股票了。”可知，“尽管”伯克希尔公司取得了成功，但投资者仍打算出售该公司的股票，对其持续盈利能力表示怀疑。​despite，介词，“尽管”。故填​Despite。 9.根据第六段的内容To respond to these concerns, Buffett wrote a letter to shareholders in which he described various reasons for confidence in Berkshire's continuing profitability.“为了回应这些担忧，巴菲特给股东写了一封信，描述了对伯克希尔持续盈利能力充满信心的各种原因。”可知，在“回应”这些担忧的信中，巴菲特向投资者表达了他的看法，并因此获得了所有的信任。句中   (9)   to the concerns作定语，和letter是主动关系，respond“回应”要用现在分词，故填​responding。 10.根据最后一段的With considerable success, practitioners of social influence have always placed persuasive prods—small gifts, emotional draw, last-chance opportunities-inside their appeals.“具有相当成功的社会影响力的从业人员总是在他们的诉求中放置有说服力的东西——小礼物、情感吸引、最后机会。”可知，从业人员要记住，先入为主可以增强影响力。介词of之后要用名词，​influence，不可数名词，“影响”。故填​influence。 ‎ ‎42.【答案】         Yesterday, Tom and I were walking down the street when we saw (1) the old man fall off his bike. I suggested we (2) carried the old man to hospital, (3) and Tom did not agree. He had learned first aid, so (4) I said that the old man mustn't be (5) moving. We should leave him (6) what he was and check him first. Seeing that the old man wasn't breathing, Tom (7) asks me to call the First-aid Center and he used the mouth-to-mouth way (8) make the old man breathe. Soon the old man began to move (9) on a little and the doctors also arrived. They said what we had done (10) were right. (1) 将the改为an； (2) 将carried改为carry； (3) 将and改为but； (4) 将I改为he； (5) 将moving改为moved； (6) 将what改为where； (7) 将asks改为asked； (8) 在make前加to； (9) 去掉on； (10)将were改为was。 ‎ ‎【解析】1.考查冠词用法。这里是第一次提到老人，所以用不定冠词，old以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an，故将the改为an。 2.考查虚拟语气。suggest建议，其后接的宾语从句的谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略，故将carried改为carry。 3.考查并列连词。句意：我建议送老人去医院，……Tom不赞同。此处前后分句是转折关系，要用but，故将and改为but。 4.考查人称代词。此处是逻辑错误，根据前句He had learned first aid，所以此处是“他说”，故将I改为he。 5.考查被动语态。句意：他说老人一定不能移动。主语the old man和动词move之间是被动关系，要用被动语态，此处有情态动词must，所以被动结构是be+过去分词，故将moving改为moved。 6.考查状语从句。句意：我们应该让老人待在原处。根据句意，此处是where 引导的地点状语从句，故将what改为where。 7.考查动词时态。短文是一般过去时，故将asks改为asked。 8.考查动词不定式。句意：汤姆让我给急救中心打电话，他用嘴对嘴的方式让老人呼吸。根据句意，此处作目的状语，所以用动词不定式，故在make前加to。 9.考查不及物动词和介词。句意：老人开始稍微活动了。move活动，移动，此处是不及物动词，故去掉on。 10.考查宾语从句。what we had done是一件事，是第三人称单数，所以be动词用was，故​将were改为was。 43.【答案】Dear Tina,       How are you? I am now back in China. I had a wonderful time in America, which I will always treasure.       First, I'd like to express my thanks for your hospitality and kindness when I was in America. It was so nice of you to show me around your school and introduce its history to me. Besides, the delicious food to which you treated me impressed me deeply. Your school is amazing in that it has not only a beautiful campus but also lively classes. Hopefully you can come to China some day and I have the chance to repay you in the same way.              Best wishes to you and your family.                                                                                                                                          Yours,                                                              Li Hua ‎ ‎【解析】略 ‎