【英语】2019届二轮复习短文语法填空专题训练二（14页word版答案含有解析）

【英语】2019届二轮复习短文语法填空专题训练二（14页word版答案含有解析）

‎2019届二轮复习短文语法填空专题10篇训练之二 ‎【一】‎ A mouse，because of a(n) 41. (luck) chance，made close friends with an evil frog. One day，42. frog played a trick on the mouse by 43. (tie) a foot of the mouse to his own. At first，both of them joined together and the frog 44. (lead) his friend towards the pool in which he lived，and didn't stop 45. he reached the side of the water. Then the frog suddenly jumped into the water and the mouse was pulled in with 46. (he)．The frog enjoyed the water and swam in it around，happily crying 47. if he had done a great deed. The unhappy mouse died soon in the water，and his dead body floated around on the surface，48. (fasten) to the foot of the frog. A hawk saw the dead mouse，suddenly flew down towards it，caught it and flew away. The frog，still tied to the leg of the mouse，was also carried away as a 49. (prison)， and it 50. (eat) by the hawk. Harm hatch，harm catch.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了一只青蛙聪明反被聪明误的故事。‎ ‎41．unlucky　[考查词性转换。根据空后的名词chance可知，此处应用形容词，又由下文的an evil frog可推知，这只老鼠很不幸，故用unlucky。]‎ ‎42．the　[考查冠词。frog是可数名词，且第二次在文中出现，故用定冠词表示特指。]‎ ‎43．tying　[考查非谓语动词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用tie的动名词形式tying作介词by的宾语。]‎ ‎44．led　[考查动词时态。与上文joined呼应，此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。]‎ ‎45．until　[考查连词。固定搭配not...until...意为“直到……才……”，符合语境，故用连词until引导状语从句。]‎ ‎46．him　[考查代词。人称代词的宾格形式作介词的宾语，‎ 故用he的宾格形式him作介词with的宾语。]‎ ‎47．as　[考查连词。固定词组as if意为“好像”，其引导的从句使用虚拟语气，如果与过去事实相反，则从句用过去完成时，符合语境。]‎ ‎48．fastened　[考查非谓语动词。fasten和句子谓语floated之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且和其主语his dead body构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。]‎ ‎49．prisoner　[考查名词。prison意为“监狱，监禁，牢笼”；prisoner意为“囚犯，俘虏”。根据语境可知，此处应用prisoner。 ]‎ ‎50．was eaten　[考查动词时态和语态。结合下文的by可知，此处表示被动关系，且全文都使用一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态。]‎ ‎[二]‎ People who have spent time in other cultures often talk about “reverse (反向的) culture shock”. If you leave your country for more than a short tourist trip and then go back home，you may feel 51. . What is “reverse culture shock” ? Well，imagine the following: You have just adjusted to a new culture and have come 52. (enjoy) life in it. You have made new friends and have had 53. great variety of new experiences. Then，54. (sad) enough，it's time to leave，but you are also very excited about 55. (go) home. Arriving home is wonderful—seeing all the friends and relatives you haven't seen, eating all the special foods, reading the newspapers 56. hearing music you haven't heard in such a long time. But then after a few weeks，perhaps，things may not seem so “wonderful”．You may become critical of your home country 57. you have grown up. You may not like certain things or ideas. 58. your eyes，either you or your home country 59. (change)．‎ This is the process of readjustment. It's a difficult period，and many people experience it after the 60. (excite) of coming home has worn off. Fortunately，it doesn't usually last as long as adjustment to a new culture does.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了反向文化冲击，即出国之后再回国产生的不适应。‎ ‎51．it　[考查代词。此处代词it指代上文中的“reverse(反向的)culture shock”。]‎ ‎52．to enjoy　[考查固定用法。come to do sth.意为“开始认为，开始觉得”。]‎ ‎53．a　[考查冠词。a great variety of意为“多种多样的”，variety为可数名词。]‎ ‎54．sadly　[考查副词。副词sadly作状语，修饰整个句子。]‎ ‎55．going　[考查非谓语动词。about为介词，后应用动词ing形式。]‎ ‎56．and　[考查连词。句中seeing，eating，reading和hearing为并列动作，故用and连接。]‎ ‎57．where　[考查定语从句。先行词为home country，空处引导定语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。]‎ ‎58．In　[考查介词。in one's eyes为固定短语，意为“在某人眼里”。]‎ ‎59．has changed　[考查动词的时态。此处应用现在完成时，强调过去动作对现在的影响。]‎ ‎60．excitement　[考查名词。由the和of可知，此处需要用名词。]‎ ‎ [三]‎ Sending gifts varies greatly from country to country. In Australia, Canada, the United States 1. European countries，sending gifts is rarely expected. While seen as a nice gesture，it is more important to avoid 2. (give) highly personal gifts such as clothing. When visiting the home of a colleague from one of these 3. ( country)，it is normally appropriate to bring a gift to the hostess.‎ In America, 4. (expense)gifts are definitely out. A good 5. (choose) is to take the deserving person to dinner，or to 6. entertainment or a sporting event. 7. the contrary，gift giving is a traditional custom in Japan.In Japan the proper gift is thought 8. (express)the giver's true friendship，gratitude and respect far 9. (well) than words can. So if you plan to visit Japan or to have any Japanese ‎ visit you here，be prepared.‎ Australia is known for its friendliness and informality. So modest gifts，such as a diary，a paperweight，or a coffee cup might 10. (present)to a friend. At a trade show，Tshirts，ties，baseball caps，or a pin may be appropriate souvenirs.Anything more than these types of gifts could cause embarrassment.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了美国、日本、澳大利亚等国不同的送礼物习惯。‎ ‎1．and　[考查连词。根据空前的“Australia，Canada，the United States”和空后的“European countries”可知，空处前后为并列关系，故用并列连词and。]‎ ‎2．giving　[考查动名词。avoid doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”，故填giving。]‎ ‎3．countries　[考查名词的数。根据空前的these可知，可数名词country应当用复数形式。]‎ ‎4．expensive　[考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词gifts，故用形容词形式。]‎ ‎5．choice　[考查名词。根据空前的形容词good和不定冠词A可以判断，空处应用名词的单数形式。]‎ ‎6．an　[考查不定冠词。该处泛指“一次娱乐活动”，entertainment的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。]‎ ‎7．On　[考查固定搭配。on the contrary为固定搭配，意为“与此相反”。]‎ ‎8．to express　[考查动词不定式。此处表示“在日本，恰当的礼物被认为表达了送礼物者真正的友谊”。be thought to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“被认为做了某事”，故用动词不定式。]‎ ‎9．better　[考查比较级。根据空后的than可知，该处用well的比较级。]‎ ‎10．be presented　[考查被动语态。该句主语modest gifts和动词present之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。]‎ ‎[四]‎ Over the years，I have met some interesting people. Two of 11. most interesting people were two elderly sisters，Joan and Bernice, 12. way ‎ of talking about people inspired me.‎ It was always a 13. (pleasant) to visit these two sisters. Just being greeted at the door was a joy. They couldn't be 14. (happy) when seeing me.I always heard about the people who were there before me. Every person 15. (talk) about in a positive way. The conversation would go something like this，“Oh，Kay，soandso was here yesterday，she 16. (be) just ‘the salt of the earth’ ，isn't she？” The other sister would reply，“Oh，yes! You just can't believe 17. wonderful she is.” I never heard they said a negative word about anyone.NEVER!‎ I understood why these two had so much company when other people complained that no one cared about 18. (they)．It was their attitude 19. people. There was no doubt that when the next person came to visit，he was going to hear how I was “the salt of the earth”．‎ What a wonderful example these two elderly sisters were to me! I will always be 20. (thank) that I had the opportunity to know them.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了作者所认识的一对很有趣的姐妹的故事。‎ ‎11．the　[考查冠词。由空后的most interesting的提示可知，应用定冠词修饰。]‎ ‎12．whose　[考查定语从句。whose引导非限定性定语从句，在从句中作定语，先行词为Joan and Bernice。]‎ ‎13．pleasure　[考查词性转换。结合语境和冠词a的提示可知，此处应用名词形式。]‎ ‎14．happier　[考查形容词比较级。否定词与比较级连用相当于最高级含义，与上文的joy呼应。]‎ ‎15．was talked　[考查动词时态和语态。Every person和talk构成逻辑上的动宾关系；再由前一句的时态可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态。]‎ ‎16．is　[考查动词时态。由附加问句isn't she可知，此处应用is。]‎ ‎17．how　[考查连接副词。how引导宾语从句且在从句中修饰形容词wonderful。]‎ ‎18．them　[考查代词。介词about后应跟代词的宾格形式且表示“他们”，故填them。]‎ ‎19．toward(s)/to　[考查介词。attitude toward(s)/to sb.意为“对某人的态度”，符合语境。]‎ ‎20．thankful　[考查形容词。be动词后一般跟形容词作表语，故此处用形容词形式。]‎ ‎【五】‎ Located in the northwest of Hunan Province，about 300 kilometers away from Changsha，capital of Hunan，Zhangjiajie, 21. covers a total area of 9，563 square kilometers，is a tourist city for its unique natural scenery and abundant tourism resources. Zhangjiajie 22. (award) the title of “World Geological Park” in 2004. 23. (actual)，Zhangjiajie, honored as “the most fantastic mountain under heaven” and “a walking Chinese landscape painting”，is also widely praised as“24. enlarged potted landscaping” “a mini fairyland” and “a maze (迷宫) of nature”，attracting a growing number of tourists 25. home and abroad.‎ Since it was discovered in the 1980s，tourism industry 26. (become) the leading industry in Zhangjiajie，which has stimulated the development of other industries 27. (relate) to tourism. At the same time，ecotourism has been developed rapidly in Zhangjiajie. When you come to Zhangjiajie，you can fully appreciate 28. (it) magnificent natural scenery and experience appealing folk custom as well as other thrilling tourist 29. (activity)，and you will be deeply impressed by 30. is performed by the minorities there.‎ It must be an exciting，joyful and unforgettable tour to Zhangjiajie.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了湖南张家界的地理位置、荣誉称号、旅游业的发展等情况。‎ ‎21．which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，‎ 先行词为Zhangjiajie，关系词在从句中作主语，故用which。]‎ ‎22．was awarded　[考查动词时态和语态。主语Zhangjiajie和动词award之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；根据该句中的时间状语“in 2004”可知，应用一般过去时。]‎ ‎23．Actually　[考查副词。空处修饰整个句子，故用副词形式。]‎ ‎24．an　[考查冠词。根据语境可知，该处泛指“一幅放大的缩略风景画”，空后的enlarged的读音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。]‎ ‎25．from/at　[考查介词。这里指“吸引了来自国内外的大量游客”，故用from或at。]‎ ‎26．has become　[考查时态。根据该句中的“Since”可知，空处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，故用现在完成时。]‎ ‎27．related　[考查非谓语动词。名词industries和动词relate之间是动宾关系，且be related to为固定搭配，故用过去分词作名词的后置定语。]‎ ‎28．its　[考查代词。根据该句中的“magnificent natural scenery”可知，应用形容词性物主代词its。]‎ ‎29．activities　[考查名词的数。张家界景点的旅游活动有多种，故用复数形式。]‎ ‎30．what　[考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作介词by的宾语，且空处在从句中作主语，故用what。]‎ ‎[六]‎ Tyler Thompson is 31. unlikely star in the world of Peking opera. The 15yearold from Oakland has fascinated audiences in the U．S. and China with his ability 32. (sing) pitchperfect Mandarin (普通话) and perform the ancient Chinese art form. The teen, 33. is black and only speaks some basic Chinese，has been praised by teachers since he 34. (pick) up the music as a kindergartener. “As soon as he opens 35. (he) mouth and sings in Chinese，the Chinese are very surprised and they feel very proud of him，” said his music teacher. “When he puts on the costume and all the acting，you can see that he is pretty good.”‎ Tyler has learned to sing several wellknown pieces of Peking ‎ opera，a centuriesold form of musical theater 36. (know) for its highly structured costumes，changing gongs(锣) and cymbals (钹)，wideranging voices and highly stylized 37. (move)．Tyler got 38. (stand) cheers when he performed 39. Justice Bao，a famous Song Dynasty judge who fought corruption，from the Chinese classic Bao Qing Tian.“The music is very beautiful，and it's very passionate，” said Tyler.“It's made me want to know 40. (much) about the world outside of America or California or Oakland.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了一个擅长表演京剧的外国青少年的故事。‎ ‎31．an　[考查冠词。star是可数名词，且第一次在文章中出现，故用不定冠词修饰，形容词unlikely的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。]‎ ‎32．to sing　[考查非谓语动词。ability to do sth.意为“做某事的能力”，为固定词组搭配，故用不定式作后置定语。]‎ ‎33．who　[考查定语从句。who引导非限定性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词The teen。]‎ ‎34．picked　[考查动词时态。since意为“自从”时，引导的状语从句中，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。]‎ ‎35．his　[考查代词。根据语境mouth和主语he可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词his修饰名词mouth，在句子中作定语。]‎ ‎36．known　[考查非谓语动词。know和句子谓语之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且know和其逻辑主语form是动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。]‎ ‎37．movements　[考查名词。根据and可知，此处与名词voices呼应，故用名词的复数形式，即movements。]‎ ‎38．standing　[考查形容词。由空后的名词cheers可知，此处应用形容词形式修饰名词，standing意为“站着进行的”，表示Tyler得到了(观众的)起立欢呼。]‎ ‎39．as　[考查介词。此处as意为“作为”，后跟名词、代词或动名词，与performed呼应，表示扮演的角色，符合语境。]‎ ‎40．more　[考查副词比较级。根据语境可知，此处表示“更多”的含义，故用副词比较级more修饰动词know。]‎ ‎[七]‎ I had in my hands two boxes which God gave me 41. (hold)．He said，“Put all your sorrows in the black box，and all your 42. (enjoy)in the gold box.” I listened to his advice，and in the two boxes I stored both my joys and sorrows. The gold one became 43. (heavy)each day，while the black one was as light as before. With 44. (curious)，I opened the black one；I wanted to find out why. And I saw，in the base of the box，a hole which 45. (I)sorrows had fallen out through. I showed the hole to God，and thought about it 46. (careful) for a long time，“I wonder 47. my sorrows could be.” He smiled a gentle smile 48. said，“My child，they're all here with me.”I asked God why he gave me 49. boxes，and why the black one 50. (have) a hole. “My child，the gold one is for you to count your blessings; the black one is for you to let go.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了作者对上帝给他的两个盒子的探究。‎ ‎41．to hold　[考查非谓语动词。hold和定语从句中的谓语gave之间没有连词，故此处用不定式作后置定语。]‎ ‎42．joys/enjoyments　[考查名词复数。空处与sorrows形成呼应，故用名词的复数形式joys/enjoyments，下文的“my joys and sorrows”也是信息提示。]‎ ‎43．heavier　[考查形容词比较级。根据while的提示可知，前后句表示逻辑上的对比关系，且与each day呼应，故用形容词比较级作表语。]‎ ‎44．curiosity　[考查名词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故此处用名词curiosity作介词With的宾语。]‎ ‎45．my　[考查代词。此处用形容词性物主代词修饰名词sorrows，在句子中作定语。]‎ ‎46．carefully　[考查副词。副词修饰动词、副词、形容词或者整个句子，在句子中作状语，故此处用副词carefully修饰动词thought。]‎ ‎47．where　[考查连接词。结合下文的“My child，they're all here with me.”可推知，作者疑惑的是自己的悲伤的去向，故用where引导宾语从句，‎ 在从句中作地点状语。]‎ ‎48．and　[考查连词。根据语境可知，动词smiled和said表示的是两个连续的动作，故用连词and。]‎ ‎49．the　[考查冠词。boxes不是第一次在文章中出现，故用定冠词the修饰，表示特指。]‎ ‎50．had　[考查动词时态。根据全文内容可知，文章讲述的是发生在过去的事情，故此处用have的过去式形式。]‎ ‎【八】‎ In human history，many ancient and splendid civilizations were born and died. China is the only country 51. uninterrupted human civilization. Chinese civilization was born on the shores of the Yellow River. And the rich land 52. Chinese civilization began is Henan Province.‎ The Yellow River goes across 53. (center) Henan. It is China's main northtosouth and easttowest artery (干线)．China's most ancient tribal 54. ‎ ‎(lead) ，the Yellow Emperor and the Yan Emperor，were born here. Even today，Chinese people all over the world still 55. (proud) call themselves the descendants (后裔) of these two emperors.‎ The river holds 56. unshakable position in the heart of every Chinese, 57. (respect) by every generation and called “the Mother River”．With intelligence，hard work and determination，Chinese descendants pursue coexistence and common prosperity on this land. The ‎ ‎5，464kmlong Yellow River breaks the last barrier and flows into the broad plain, 58. (form) the cradle(摇篮) of Chinese civilization.‎ Till now，the Yellow River 59. (raise) 13 dynasties' capital Luoyang，8 dynasties' capital Kaifeng and the biggest economic center in 60. (it) area—Zhengzhou.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了黄河对早期黄河流域人类文明产生的深远影响。‎ ‎51．with　[考查介词。中国是唯一一个拥有未被打断过的人类文明的国家。此处表示“有”，故填介词with。]‎ ‎52．where　[考查关系副词。这片孕育了中华文明的肥沃土地就位于河南省。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，故填where。]‎ ‎53．central　[考查形容词。空处位于专有名词Henan前面，应填一个形容词作定语，表示“中心的”。故填central。]‎ ‎54．leaders　[考查名词。中国最早的部落首领炎黄二帝诞生于此。根据句意可知，此处应填复数名词leaders“首领，领袖”。]‎ ‎55．proudly　[考查副词。空处修饰动词call，故用副词proudly。]‎ ‎56．an　[考查冠词。黄河在每一个中国人心中的地位都是不可动摇的。position“位置”是可数名词，此处表泛指，故填不定冠词；且空处位于发音以元音音素开头的单词前，应用an。]‎ ‎57．respected　[考查非谓语动词。黄河受每代人的尊敬，被称为“母亲河”。分析句子结构可知，respect与The river之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填respected。]‎ ‎58．forming　[考查非谓语动词。5 464公里长的黄河冲破了最后的壁垒，流入广袤的平原之中，形成了中华文明的摇篮。分析句子结构可知，form与句子主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。]‎ ‎59．has raised　[考查动词的时态。黄河孕育了13朝古都洛阳，8朝古都开封以及其流域内最大的经济中心——郑州。由句中的时间状语可知，此处应用现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响。]‎ ‎60．its　[考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作定语，修饰area，故填its。]‎ ‎【九】‎ Chinese are the first people to have tea. One thousand and two hundred years ago，Lu Yu wrote a book called“The Classic of Tea”， 1. is honored as “The Bible of Tea”．The book gives a detailed ‎ ‎2. (explain) of the origin，the processing skills and the classification of tea.‎ However，Chinese tea culture goes far beyond tea 3. (it)．Take green tea for instance，the ideal temperature of the water should be around 80 degrees Celsius. If the water is too hot，nutrients (营养) in the tea 4. (destroy)．On the other hand，if the water is not hot enough，the tea 5. (leaf) won't open and you will miss the pleasantly fresh flavor. So Chinese people are accustomed 6. drinking hot tea. When you visit a Chinese friend，your friend will 7. (constant) add hot water to your empty cup of tea. It is polite 8. (offer) the tea cup to guests with both hands. Of course，the guests should pay respect as well, 9. (take) the cup with both hands.‎ Talking about adding water to the tea cup，there is 10. saying: Wine full，the full cup. Tea half，half cup. For wine，the full cup symbolizes whole heartiness. For tea，the half cup means modesty.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了中国茶文化的历史、喝热茶的原因、喝茶礼仪、关于茶的俗语。‎ ‎1．which　[考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“The Classic of Tea”，空处为关系词，指物，故填which。]‎ ‎2．explanation　[考查名词。根据空前的detailed可知，空处被形容词修饰，故用explain的名词形式。]‎ ‎3．itself　[考查反身代词。句意：然而，中国的茶文化远超过茶本身。据此可知，空处用反身代词itself。]‎ ‎4．will be destroyed　[考查动词的时态和语态。句意：如果水太热，茶叶中的营养将被破坏。根据句意可知，主语nutrients(营养)in the tea和动词destroy之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；根据该句结构可知，该句为复合句，在if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时，主句则用一般将来时，故空处用一般将来时的被动语态。]‎ ‎5．leaves　[考查名词的复数。根据常识可知，该处的茶叶为复数概念。]‎ ‎6．to　[考查固定搭配。be accustomed to为固定搭配，意为“习惯于……”。]‎ ‎7．constantly　[考查副词。根据空后的动词add可知，空处修饰该动词，故用副词形式。]‎ ‎8．to offer　[考查动词不定式。分析该句结构可知，该句使用了“It＋is/was＋adj.＋to do sth.”的固定句式，It为形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。]‎ ‎9．taking　[考查现在分词。分析该句结构可知，空处作伴随状语，且take与其逻辑主语the guests之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词。]‎ ‎10．a　[考查冠词。该处泛指“一句俗语”，且saying的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。]‎ ‎[十]‎ It was about two in the morning when I returned home. I tried to wake up my wife by ringing the doorbell，but she was fast 11. (sleep)，so I got a ladder from the garden，put it against the wall，and began climbing 12. the bedroom window. I was almost there 13. a sarcastic (讽刺的) voice below said，“I don't think the windows need 14. (clean) at this time of the night.” I looked down 15. (surprise) and nearly fell from the ladder when I saw a policeman. I immediately 16. (regret)answering in the way I did，but I said，“I enjoy cleaning 17. (window) at night.”‎ ‎“So do I，” answered he in the same tone.“Excuse 18. (I) for interrupting you. I hate to interrupt a man when he's busy working，but would you mind coming with me to the station？”‎ ‎“Well，I'd prefer 19. (stay) here，”I said，“You see. I have forgotten my key.”‎ Fortunately, 20. shouting woke up my wife and she opened the window.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。我晚归喊不醒妻子开门，只好找梯子试图爬进卧室；此时警察发现了我，要将我带回警局，幸亏妻子被我们的吵闹声惊醒……‎ ‎11．asleep　[考查形容词。根据该句中的“wake up”，“fast”和“so I got a ‎ ladder from the garden”可知，我的妻子睡得很熟。asleep意为“睡着的”，符合文意。注意：不能填sleepy“困的，想睡觉的”，不符合语境。]‎ ‎12．toward(s)/to　[考查介词。根据语境可知，我在墙边架上梯子，朝卧室的窗子爬去。toward(s)/to意为“朝着……方向”。]‎ ‎13．when　[考查状语从句。我快要爬到那里时下面有人说话。when意为“当……时候”。]‎ ‎14．cleaning/to be cleaned　[考查非谓语动词。need doing＝need to be done。此处表示这个人说“我认为在晚上这个时候不需要擦窗”。]‎ ‎15．surprisingly　[考查副词。空处修饰动词短语looked down，故用副词形式。我吃惊地朝下看，当看到一名警察时，我差点从梯子上掉下来。]‎ ‎16．regretted　[考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“did” “said”，可知，这里陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。]‎ ‎17．windows　[考查名词的数。根据上文中的“windows”，可知，这里应用复数形式。]‎ ‎18．me　[考查代词。此处表示警察说“请原谅我打扰到你了”。excuse sb.for doing sth.表示“原谅……”。]‎ ‎19．to stay/staying　[考查非谓语动词。我更愿意待在这里。prefer to do/doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“更愿意做某事”。]‎ ‎20．the　[考查定冠词。该处特指我和警察的吵闹声，故用定冠词the。]‎