德阳市2014高考英语二轮短文类训练4 及答案或解析

德阳市2014高考英语二轮短文类训练4 及答案或解析

德阳市2019高考英语二轮短文类训练（4） 及答案或解析 Dolphins (海豚) are not fish, but warm-blooded animals. They live in groups, and speak to each other in their own language. In this they are like other animals, such as bees and birds. But dolphins are very different from almost all land animals. Their brain is nearly the same size as our own, and they live a long time--at least twenty or thirty years. ‎ ‎ Like some animals, dolphins use sound to help them find their way around. They also make these sounds to talk to each other and to help them find food. We now know they do not use their ears to receive these sounds, but the lower part of the mouth, called the jaw.‎ ‎ Strangely, dolphins seem to like man, and for thousands of years there have been stories about the dolphin and its friendship with people. ‎ ‎ There is a story about sailors in the 19th century. In a dangerous part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to look for a dolphin called Jack. From 1871 to 19典型例题 met every boat in the area and showed it the way. Then in 19典型例题assenger on a boat called The penguin shot and wounded Jack. He recovered and for nine years more continued to guide all ships through the area except for The penguin. ‎ Today, some people continue to kill dolphins, but manycountries of the world now protect them and in these places it is against the law to kill them. ‎ ‎1. Dolphins are different from many other animals in that they_______.‎ ‎ A. live in groups B. have large brains ‎ C. are warm-blooded D. have their own language ‎ 答案：B 指导：根据第一段最后两句话可知，海豚区别于几乎所有的陆地动物，是因为它们的大脑几乎和人类的一样大而且生活时间长。‎ ‎2. Which of the following does the dolphin use to help it find its way around?_______.‎ ‎ A. Its nose. B. Its ears.‎ ‎ C. Its mouth. D. Its eyes. ‎ 答案：C 指导，海豚是靠声音探路的，而接听声音的地方却不是耳朵而是嘴的下部。‎ ‎3. Why did the sailors off the coast of New Zealand look for Jack?‎ ‎ A. He was lonely and liked to be with people.‎ ‎ B. They enjoyed playing with him.‎ ‎ C. He was seriously wounded.‎ ‎ D. They wanted his help. ‎ 答案：D 指导：由于这片水城十分凶险，所以水手们需要杰克的帮助。‎ ‎4. By telling the story of Jack the writer wanted to show that_______.‎ ‎ A. dolphins are friendly and clever ‎ B. people are cruel to animals ‎ C. Jack is different from other dolphins ‎ D. dolphins should be protected'by law ‎ 答案：A 指导：文章大部分篇幅都在讲述海豚与其他动物的不同，它们与人类的友谊的故事，说明了海豚是一种友好而又聪明的动物，所以A为最佳选项。‎ ‎*************************************************************结束 Passage ***‎ Years ago in Scotland, the Clark family had a dream. Clark and his wife worked and saved, making _21_ for their nine children and themselves to travel to the US. It had taken__22_ but they had saved enough money __23 _and had got passports and booked tickets for the whole family on a new liner to the US.‎ The whole family was filled with expectation and __24__ about their new life. However, seven days __25__ they left for the US, the youngest son was _ 26__ by a dog. The doctor treated the wound of the boy, but __27 _a yellow sheet on the Clarks’ front door.  __28__ the possibility of rabies（狂犬病）, they would be kept away from others for fourteen days.‎ The family’s dreams were __29__. They would not be able to make the __30__ to America as they had planned. The father, filled with disappointment and _ 31__ , kicked the dock（码头）constantly and  __32__ the ship leave — without the Clark family. The father shed tears of _ 33 and cursed（咒骂）both his son and God for their _ 34__.‎ Five days later, a piece of sad news __35__ throughout Scotland — the strong and _ 36_ ship, Titanic, had gone down, taking hundreds of lives with it. The Clark family was to have been on that ship, _37__ because the son had been bitten by a dog, they were left behind in Scotland.‎ When Mr. Clark heard the news, he __38__ his son and thanked him for _39_ the family. He thanked God for __40__ what he had felt was a sad thing into a good thing.‎ Although we may not always understand, all things happen for a reason.‎ ‎21. A. designs B. journeys C. suggestions D. plans ‎22. A. years B. months C. weeks D. days ‎23. A. on end B. as usual C. in the end D. at ease ‎24. A. sadness B. excitement C. confusion D. emotion ‎25 A. before B. after C. when D. as ‎26. A. attacked B. frightened C. bitten D. chased ‎27. A. laid B. wrote C. raised D. hung ‎28. A. In spite of B. Because of C. Apart from D. Other than ‎29. A. controlled B. completed C. shared D. destroyed ‎30. A. flight B. adventure C. trip D. movement ‎31 A. anger B. joy C. interest D. pride ‎32. A. found B. noticed C. watched D. heard ‎33. A. disappointment B. worry C. loneliness D. illness ‎34. A. hope B. misfortune C. suffering D. sorrow ‎35. A. moved B. affected C. reached D. spread ‎36. A. little B. powerful C. terrible D. ordinary ‎37. A. but B. when C. though D. so ‎38. A. disturbed B. comforted C. hugged D. deserted ‎39. A. feeding B. supporting C. loving D. saving ‎40. A. translating B. putting C. turning D. replacing 参考答案 ‎ ‎21.D 22.A 23.C 24.B 25.A ‎ ‎26.C 27.D 28.B 29.D 30.C ‎ ‎31.A 32.C 33.A 34.B 35.D ‎ ‎36.B 37.A 38.C 39.D 40.C ‎ ‎***************************************************结束 Scientists are developing a new kind of machine to take the place of humans. These machines can do jobs in places that are too dangerous for humans. For example, they are being developed to work in nuclear power center, deep under the oceans and in outer space.‎ John Marrit, a psychologist(心理学家) in Williamsburg Massachusetts, helped develop the new machine. This is how they work. A machine is placed in an area far away from the person who operates it. The person wears special hard hat with television screens and sound equipment. The screens and sound equipment let the person see and hear exactly what the machine is seeing and hearing. Mr. Marrit says this gives the person the feeling of being in the same place as the machine. The idea, he says, is being there without going there. The person uses an electronic control to make the machine move. The machine copies the person’s movements exactly. If the person raises his right arm, the machine raises the right arm, too. This means an expert can do a dangerous job while staying in the safe place. For example, a person can direct the machine to destroy a bomb without going near the bomb himself.‎ ‎1. The new kind of machine being introduced in the passage is _______.‎ A. in existence           B. only an idea C. being tried out          D. being researched and developed ‎2. The machine _______.‎ A. follows the person’s order      ‎ B. is controlled by a computer C. does exactly what the person does   ‎ D. is controlled by a television on the person’s head ‎3. The difference between such a new machine and a robot is that _______.‎ A. the new machine is more difficult to make than a robot ‎       B. the new machine is more difficult to be controlled ‎       C. a robot is controlled by man indirectly D. a robot can’t be used in places too dangerous or faraway ‎【答案与解析】科学家正在开发一种代替人的机器，这种机器能代替人们从事一些危险的工作。‎ ‎1. D。判断题。从第1句话Scientists are developing a new kind of machine to take the place of humans 可以看出，既然是正在开发当中，那肯定还未形成。‎ ‎2. C。语义理解题。从第2段中的The machine copies the person’s movements exactly 可以明显看出为什么选C的原因。A项有一定的干扰性，但这种机器是人通过电控开关控制的，所以应排除。‎ ‎3. A。判断题。这种机器还在开发当中，而机器人则有几十年历史了，由此可以肯定答案应该选A。‎ ‎*********************************************************结束 完形填空（共20小题，每题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36-55各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上涂黑。‎ Charlie and Jackie joined a wholesale company together just after graduation. Both worked very hard.‎ After several years, the boss promoted Jackie to sales executive but Charlie ‎36 a salesman. One day Charlie could not 37 it anymore, tendered his resignation(辞职书)to the boss and complained the boss did not 38 hard working staff, but only promoted those who flattered him. He thought it was really 39 .‎ The boss knew that Charlie had spared no 40 for the company all these years, but in order to help Charlie realize the 41 between him and Jackie, the boss asked Charlie to do the 42 : “Go and find out if anyone is selling watermelon in the market.” Charlie returned and 43 said yes. The boss asked, “How much per kg?” Charlie went back to the market to ask and returned to __44 ＄12 per kg.‎ The boss told Charlie that he would ask Jackie the 45 question. Jackie went, returned and said, “Boss, only one person is selling watermelon, ＄12 per kg, ＄100 for ‎10kg. He has a 46 of 340 melons. On the table there are 58 melons and every melon weighs about ‎15kg , 47 from the South two days ago. They are fresh, red and of good 48 .” Charlie was 49 and realized the difference between himself and Jackie. He decided not to__50 but to learn from Jackie.‎ My dear friends, a more 51 person is more observant, thinks more and understands in 52 .For the same matter, a more successful person sees several years ahead, 53 you see only tomorrow. The difference between a year and a day is 365 times, how can you 54 ?‎ Think! How far have you seen ahead in your life? How ‎55 in depth are you?‎ ‎36. A. made B. because C. remained D. kept ‎37. A. take B. do C. get D. put ‎38. A. enjoy B. meet C. reply D. value ‎39. A. unusual B. unfair C. careless D. selfless ‎40. A. rest B. trouble C. effect D. effort ‎41. A. competition B. relationship C. difference D. distance ‎42. A. following B. finding C. shopping D. searching ‎43. A. still B. again C. even D. only ‎44. A. offer B. answer C. remind D. repeat ‎45. A. difficult B. familiar C. same D. simple ‎46. A. total B. lot C. pile D. number ‎47. A. taken B. come C. bought D. heard ‎48. A. value B. quality C. condition D. shape ‎49. A. struck B. moved C. puzzled D. encouraged ‎50. A. stay B. stop C. work D. leave ‎51. A. important B. intelligent C. successful D. hardworking ‎52. A. time B. depth C. need D. common ‎53. A. while B. though C. unless D. since ‎54. A. see B. think C. know D. win ‎55. A. hopeful B. thoughtful C. helpful D. meaningful 参考答案 ‎ ‎36--55CADBD CADBC ACBAD CBADB ‎*******************************************************结束 完形填空----典型例题 It was the district sports meet. My foot still hadn't healed(痊愈)from a(n) 1 injury. I had 2 whether or not I should attend the meet. But there I was, 3 for the 3000-meter run.‎ ‎ "Ready... set... "The gun popped and we were off. The other girls rushed 4 me. I felt 5 as I fell farther and farther behind.‎ ‎ "Hooray! 'shouted the crowd. It was the loudest 6 I had ever heard at a meet. The first--place runner was two laps ‎ (圈)ahead of me when she crossed the finish line. ‎ ‎ "Maybe I should 7 ,'I thought as I moved on. 8 ,I decided to ‎ keep going. During the last two laps, I ran 9 and decided not to 10 in track next year. It wouldn't be worth it, 11 my foot did heal.‎ ‎ When I finished, I heard a cheer- 12 than the one I'd heard earlier. I turned around and 13 the boys were prepar- ing for their race. "They must be cheering for the boys. ' ‎ ‎ I was leaving 14 several girls came up to me. "Wow, you've got courage ! "one of them told me.‎ ‎ "Courage? I just 15 a race!'I thought.‎ ‎ "I would have given up on the first lap,'said another girl. "We were cheering for you. Did you hear us ?"‎ Suddenly I regained 16 . I decided to 17 track next year. I realized strength and courage aren't always 18 in medals and victories,but in the 19 we overcome(战胜). The strongest people are not always the people who win, 20 the people who don't give up when they lose. ‎ ‎1. A. slighter B. worse C. earlier D. heavier 答案：C 指导：anearlier injury“以前所受的伤”。根据下文中wbetherOrnotlshouldattendthemeet可判断出运动会还没有举行，所以作者的脚是以前受的伤。‎ ‎2. A. expected B. supposed C. imagined D. doubted ‎ 答案：C 指导：doubt"怀疑”。因为作者的脚伤还没有痊愈，所以对是否参加运动会产生了疑虑。‎ ‎3. A. late B. eager C. ready D. thirsty ‎ 答案：C 指导：根据下文的内容可判断出尽管作者脚受了伤，但是，她还是为3 000米长跑作好了准备。‎ ‎4. A. from behind B. ahead of ‎ C. next to D. close to ‎ 答案：B 指导：rushaheadofsb．冲到某人的前面。根据下文Ifellfartherandfartherbehind可判断出别的女孩冲到了她的前面。‎ ‎5. A. ashamed B. astonishedC, excited D. frightened ‎ 答案：A 指导：ashamed“惭愧”。由于落在别人的后面而感到 惭愧。‎ ‎6. A. cheer B. shout C. cry D. noise ‎ 答案：A 指导：cheer"欢呼”。从上文中“Hooray!shoutedthe erowd"~知，大家在欢呼着。‎ ‎7. A. slow down B. drop out C. go on D. speed up ‎ 答案：B 指导：dropout“退出”。由于跑在作者前两圈的运动 员已经冲过终点，她产生了退出比赛的想法。‎ ‎8. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. Besides D. However ‎ 答案：D 指导：“Maybe l should drop out'’与“I decided to keepgoing"是转折关系，要用however连接。‎ ‎9. A. with delight B. with fear ‎ C. in pain D. in advance ‎ 答案：C 指导：inpain“疼痛地”。从上文我们知道，作者的脚 受了伤，还没有痊愈，所以在比赛时会感到疼痛。‎ ‎10. A. play B. arrive C. race D. attend ‎ 答案：C 指导：race“赛跑”。由于脚部疼痛使作者产生了明年不再参加赛跑的想法。‎ ‎11. A. even if B. only if C. unless D. until ‎ 答案：A 指导：even if 引导让步状语从句，意思是“即使”。 根据上文hwouldn'tbeworth“可判断出，作者认为 即使自己的脚痊愈，也不值得再参加赛跑。‎ ‎12. A. weaker B. longer C. lower D. louder ‎ 答案：D 指导：从下文的内容可以看出，人们的掌声比原来的还要高。‎ ‎13. A. well enough B. sure enough C. surprisingly enough D. strangely enough ‎ 答案：B 指导：因为作者慢了两圈，所以她确信大家不会为她鼓掌。‎ ‎14. A. while B. when C. as D. since ‎ 答案：B 指导：when表示“这时”。我正要离开，这时几个女孩朝我走了过来。‎ ‎15. A. finished B. won C. passed D. lost ‎ 答案：D 指导：losearace"跑步失败”。作者认为自己跑在了最后，没有赢得比赛的胜利。‎ ‎16. A. cheer B. hope C. interest D. experience ‎ 答案：B 指导：受到了同学们的鼓励使她重新产生了希望。‎ ‎17. A. hold on B. turn to C. begin with D. stick with ‎ 答案：D 指导：stickwith“坚持”。由于对自己产生了希望，她决定明年继续参加比赛。‎ ‎18. A. measured B. praised C. tested D. increased ‎ 答案：A 指导：measure"衡量”。力量和勇气不是通过金牌和胜利来衡量的。‎ ‎19. A. sadness B. strugglesC. diseases D. tiredness ‎ 答案：B 指导：struggle"斗争”。根据短文中所描述的作者的思想斗争和坚持不懈的努力，可判断出力量和勇气 是在斗争中衡量出来的。‎ ‎20. A. or B. nor C. and D. but `‎ 答案：D 指导：这两个句子是转折关系，要用but连接。‎ ‎****************************************************结束