基础练习10江苏高考英语3500词汇复习与检测解析版

基础练习10江苏高考英语3500词汇复习与检测解析版

一、单词填空(选用恰当的词填空并注意形式变化。每词只能用一次，其中有多余的词)‎ challenge change charge chase chat chant cheat check cheer chew certain cheap certificate chain champion chance character charity ‎1.He tends to __________ things over too much in his mind.  ‎【答案】chew ‎【句意】他这个人就爱在心里反复琢磨事儿。‎ ‎2.She wanted to tell him the whole truth but she __________ herself—it wasn’t the right moment. ‎3.For __________ reasons I will be unable to attend the meeting.‎ ‎【答案】certain ‎【句意】因为某些原因，我不能出席这次会议。‎ ‎4.New competitors are emerging to __________ the old economic arrangements.‎ ‎【答案】challenge ‎【句意】新的竞争对手正在崛起，向旧的经济布局挑战。‎ ‎5.If you travel frequently, find an agency that will __________ one foreign currency directly into another.   ‎【答案】change ‎【句意】如果经常旅行，找一家能直接兑换外币的旅行社。‎ ‎6.I would rather fail than __________ in the examination.‎ ‎【答案】cheat ‎【句意】我宁愿考不及格，也不愿意考试作弊。‎ ‎7.He is the least appealing __________, to me at any rate.  ‎【答案】character ‎【句意】他是其中最没有吸引力的角色，至少对我来说是这样。‎ ‎8.Is there any __________ of getting tickets for tonight’s performance?‎ ‎【答案】chance ‎【句意】有可能得到今晚演出的票吗？‎ ‎9.She proudly displayed her degree __________ to her parents.   ‎【答案】certificate ‎【句意】她自豪地向父母展示了学位证书。‎ ‎10.This __________ is a nonprofit organization.‎ ‎【答案】charity ‎【句意】这个慈善团体是个非盈利性组织。‎ ‎11.The shaver can be __________ up and used when travelling. ‎【答案】charged ‎【句意】这种电动剃须刀可充电供旅行使用。‎ ‎12.Why do modern people __________ material possessions?‎ ‎【答案】chase ‎【句意】为什么现在的人们追求物质财富？‎ ‎13.A flood of __________ imports has come into the shops.‎ ‎【答案】cheap ‎【句意】大量廉价进口商品涌入商店。‎ ‎14.He came round last week and we __________ for a while.‎ ‎15.The crowd __________ loudly as the Queen appeared.‎ ‎【答案】cheered ‎【句意】女王出现时群众高声欢呼。‎ 二、词形转换(用所给单词的正确形式填空)‎ ‎1.Education is __________(center)to a country’s economic development  ‎【答案】central ‎【句意】教育对一个国家的经济发展至关重要。‎ ‎2.Many enjoy the mental stimulation of a __________(challenge)job.  ‎3.The weather is very __________(change)at this time of year.  ‎【答案】changeable ‎【句意】年年在这个时候天气都变化无常。学科&网 ‎4.It is the __________(character)attitude of people towards life in those post-war years.‎ ‎【答案】characteristic ‎【句意】这是战后人们典型的处世态度。‎ ‎5.All travel expenses are __________(charge)to the company.  ‎【答案】chargeable ‎ ‎【句意】所有旅行开支都可以记在公司账上。‎ ‎6.Her __________(cheer)spirits and hearty laughter infect the whole class.‎ ‎【答案】cheerful ‎【句意】她那快乐的情绪和爽朗的笑声感染了全班。‎ ‎7.You will have to take your prescription to a __________(chemistry)chemist.   ‎【答案】chemist ‎【句意】你得拿着处方去找药剂师。‎ ‎8.They could not afford to spoil those maps by __________(care)coloring.  ‎【答案】careless ‎【句意】若是上色的时候不小心弄坏了那些地图，他们可承担不起。‎ 三、词组填空(选用恰当词组，并用其恰当的形式填空，每个词组只能用一次)‎ be cautious about be charged with call back call for call in carry through carry off cash in cast about cast down catch up cater for check out cheer up chew over take a chance take charge of for certain by chance for a change ‎1.The ceasefire resolution ________________ the release of all the prisoners of  the war.  ‎【答案】call for ‎【句意】停火决议要求释放所有战俘。‎ ‎2.Two youngsters have been arrested and ________________ kidnapping. ‎ ‎【答案】charged with ‎【句意】已有两名年轻人被逮捕并被指控犯绑架罪。‎ ‎3.So instead I suggested taking her out to dinner ________________ . ‎ ‎【答案】for a change ‎【句意】于是我又提议，带她出去吃饭换换口味。‎ ‎4.If you want further advice, you can ________________ and consult the same adviser.   ‎【答案】call back ‎【句意】您若需要更多的建议，可以回拨电话向同一位顾问请教。‎ ‎5.The boss ________________ making promises.   ‎【答案】is cautious about ‎【句意】老板对作出承诺持谨慎态度。‎ ‎6.We are determined to ________________ all our plans. ‎ ‎【答案】carry through ‎【句意】我们决心完成我们所有的计划。‎ ‎7.If you think that the repair is going to be a difficult job, we’ll just have to ________________ a builder.   ‎8.He said that public servants should use the national power to serve the people and not to ________________. ‎ ‎【答案】cash in ‎【句意】他说，公务员应该运用国家公权力为人民服务，而不是从中捞取好处。‎ ‎9.She was considering how she should ________________ the situation. ‎ ‎【答案】carry off ‎【句意】她正想着怎样对付这种局面。‎ ‎10.The circumstances were all against Joe, but he was not ________________.   ‎【答案】cast down ‎【句意】所有的情况都不利于乔，但他并不沮丧。‎ ‎11.Recently, I have been ________________ finding a new way to do the experiment.   ‎【答案】casting about ‎【句意】近来，我一直盘算着找到一种新的方法来做这个实验。‎ ‎12.You just go ahead and I’ll ________________ later.   ‎【答案】catch up ‎ ‎【句意】你先走一步，我随后赶来。‎ ‎13.Guests must ________________ before noon, or they will be charged for the day.  ‎14.Most schools ________________ children of different abilities.   ‎【答案】cater for ‎【句意】大多数学校能够满足具有不同天资的儿童的需要。‎ ‎15.Let’s ________________ the idea before making any decisions.   ‎【答案】chew over ‎【句意】在下结论前，让我们再讨论一次。‎ ‎16.Mrs. Smith did not appear to be able to ________________ .   ‎【答案】cheer up ‎【句意】史密斯太太好象怎么也鼓不起兴致来。‎ ‎17.I can tell you ________________ that I am always honest.   ‎【答案】for certain ‎【句意】我可以肯定地告诉你，我一向是老实的。‎ ‎18.I won’t ________________ on a July holiday in Britain — it always rains.   ‎【答案】take a chance ‎【句意】我不会冒险在7月份去英国度假——那时天老是下雨!‎ ‎19.Dr. Smith is assigned to ________________ the department. ‎ ‎【答案】take charge of ‎【句意】史密斯大夫受命分管这个部门。‎ ‎20.They had met ________________ at university and finished up getting married. ‎ ‎【答案】by chance ‎【句意】他们在大学偶遇，最后结了婚。‎ 四、语法填空(在短文空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)‎ How do you usually buy what you need, shopping on line or going out to shop in person? With the help of the Internet, shopping is easier than before. We can just click out mouse 1 (choice)the items we like, pay for them ‎ online, and the shopping 2 (finish). It Is easy and quick. It helps save money, too. We can save thousands a year if we compare the prices of similar items 3 deciding to buy.‎ However, there are always traps in shopping online. If we are 4 (care), we may get into trouble. For example, we may find the color of the item different 5 that in the picture online. Sometimes, the size of the item we receive can be too big or too small. 6 (avoid)such troubles, we should compare similar items on different online stores and pay more attention to 7 other customers say. From their comments, we can know ‎ 8 (well)about an item’s color, size as well as 9 shortcomings. In this way can we increase our ‎ ‎ 10 of buying a more satisfactory item.‎ 语篇解读：借助互联网，网上购物更加容易，但也有陷阱。如果我们粗心的话可能就会陷入麻烦中。因此我们可以比较不同的网上商店，关注其他顾客的评论，更好地了解商品，从而增加购买更满意商品的机会。‎ ‎1.【答案】to choose ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。动词不定式作目的状语。句意：我们点击鼠标，以选择想要的商品……。‎ ‎2.【答案】is finished ‎3.【答案】before ‎【解析】考查介词。根据常识：决定买前先比较。句意：如果我们决定买前先比较类似商品的价格的话，我们一年就可以节约数千元。‎ ‎4.【答案】careless ‎【解析】考查形容词。因为此句缺少表语，要用形容词作表语，故用careless。句意：如果我们粗心，就会陷入困境。‎ ‎5.【答案】from ‎【解析】考查固定搭配。different from…与……不同。故填from。句意：我们可能找到和网上图片颜色不同的商品。‎ ‎6.【答案】To avoid ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。动词不定式做目的状语。为了避免(To avoid)这种麻烦，我们应该在不同的网上商店比较类似的商品，更多地关注其他顾客说什么。故用To avoid。学科&网 ‎7.【答案】what ‎【解析】考查名词从句。既要引导pay more attention to宾语从句，又要在从句中作say的宾语，只有what有这种双重功能。‎ ‎8.【答案】better ‎9.【答案】its ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容性物主代词。用its指代an item’s，故要用its。 ‎ ‎10.【答案】chance ‎【解析】考查名词。Our是形容词性物主代词，所以这儿要用名词，根据句意判断应该指“机会”，故填chance。句意：这样就增加我们买到更加令人满意商品的机会。‎ 五、单句改错(每句都有一个错误，错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改)‎ ‎1.The dog knocked her down and chewed down a great part of the flesh on her leg.‎ ‎【答案】去掉down ‎【解析】chew是及物动词，直接接宾语。句意：那条狗把她摔倒在地并且从她腿上咬下一块肉。‎ ‎2.That morning, the moment I reached the starting place, I found it crowded with a sea of people, excited and cheerfully.‎ ‎【答案】cheerfully改为cheerful ‎【解析】与excited(过去分词作形容词)并列，故用形容词。这儿是形容词短语作伴随状语。句意：那天早上，一到起跑点，我就发现人山人海，人群又是激动又是欢呼。‎ ‎3.On your way home, you’d better get the medicine at the chemist; take the pill three times a day after meals.‎ ‎【答案】chemist改为chemist’s ‎【解析】at the chemist’s在药店句意：在你回家的路上，你最好在药店买药，饭后一天吃三次药片。‎ ‎4.The football match was so exciting that we couldn’t help cheerful for both of the teams.‎ ‎【答案】cheerful改为cheering ‎【解析】couldn’t help doing情不自禁地做……，故把cheerful改为cheering。句意：足球赛是那么的令人激动至于我们情不自禁地为两之球队喝彩。‎ ‎5.He will be in the charge of the company while the manager is away on holiday.‎ ‎【答案】去掉charge前的the ‎【解析】in the charge of 由……负责，掌管；in charge of负责，掌管。句意：经理外出休假期间，他负责管理公司。‎ ‎6.Over the past half century, using chemistry fertilizers has become very common in farming.‎ ‎【答案】chemistry改为chemical ‎【解析】形容词修饰名词。句意：在过去的半个世纪里，使用化肥在耕作中已经变得非常常见。‎ ‎7. The restaurant charged us $40 the wine.‎ ‎【答案】在$40后加for ‎8.Without traffic rules, people could not enjoy harmony and the country would be for chaos.‎ ‎【答案】for改为in ‎【解析】in chaos陷入一片混乱。句意：如果没有交通规则的话，人们不可能享受和谐，国家就会陷入一片混乱之中。‎ ‎9.The police charged the man in black for stealing the money.‎ ‎【答案】for改为with ‎【解析】charge sb. with sth.指控某人某事。句意：警察指控那位穿黑衣服的男子偷了那笔钱。‎ ‎10.The weather here in summer is so changing. Please take an umbrella when you go out. ‎ ‎【答案】changing改为changeable ‎【解析】不是天气正在变化，而是天气多变(changeable)。句意：今年夏天的天气是多变的，出去的时候请带上雨伞。‎ ‎11.You are taking chance if you go out in weather like this without an umbrella.‎ ‎【答案】taking后加a或chance改为chances ‎【解析】take a chance或take chances冒险。句意：如果你在像这样的而不带雨伞外出，你就是在冒险。‎ ‎12.High school life is challenged for me，but I won’t give in.‎ ‎【答案】challenged改为challenging ‎【解析】challenging具有挑战性的。句意：高中生活对我来说具有挑战性，但我不会放弃的。‎ ‎13.I don’t know on certain if she’s coming.‎ ‎【答案】on改为for ‎【解析】for certain肯定、确定。句意：我不能肯定她是否会来。‎ ‎14.He spends most of his spare time doing volunteer work at weekends, helping the old or the disabled, which ‎ shows his characteristic of responsibility and kindness.‎ ‎【答案】characteristic改为character ‎15.My brother is what those big businesses will look after as he is both creative and diligent.‎ ‎【答案】look改为chase ‎【解析】chase after追求。句意：因为我哥哥既有创造力又勤奋，所以他会是那些大企业追求的对象。‎