【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习语言知识运用冲刺集训：完形填空&语法填空4

【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习语言知识运用冲刺集训：完形填空&语法填空4

完形填空+语法填空4‎ ‎1、The Fitting-in of Suzy Khan ‎    The first time I saw Suzy Khan, I knew I had to help her. She was really small for her age of 12. The boys in my class often      1      about her and laughed their heads off. She would open a book,pretending to read,with tears dropping on the open page.     All I knew was that she was an orphan (孤儿) from Africa. She had just been adopted by a family in town who      2      that the best way for her to learn American ways of life was to be with American kids. I looked down at this       3     girl and promised myself that somehow I would help her.     But how could I help her       4     in with us? There had to be a      5      .     One day, when I went into the classroom, I saw that Suzy had       6     her geography book to a picture of a train,and in her notebook,she had made a (n)       7     copy.     I was surprised and thought that she could do something in the coming      8      show. So, I took her to see the art teacher, Miss Parker, and showed her what Suzy had     9       .“Why,it’s wonderful,” said Miss Parker,who then showed us a poster she had painted      10     the talent show. “I need more of these,but I just don’t have enough      11     . Could you help me,Suzy?”     On the day of the talent show,Suzy’s     12      were everywhere—all over the hall and all over the school, each one different.      “And finally,” said Mr Brown,the schoolmaster,at the end of the show,“we have a(n)     13      award. I’m sure you’ve all noticed the wonderful posters. ” Everyone nodded “One of our own students      14     them. ”     I could hear everyone whispering. “Who in our school could draw     15      well?”     Mr Brown waited a while before saying, “     16      this student worked so hard on the posters, she deserves a     17     ,too. Our mystery (神秘)artist is our new student—Suzy Khan!”     Mr Brown thanked her for all the wonderful posters and gave her a professional artist’s set. “Thank you,” she cried.     I      18     , at that time when I was looking at her excited face,she’d probably never     19      anything in her whole life.     Everyone started to       20    their hands. Suzy Khan gave them a shy smile and the applause was deafening. I knew then Suzy was going to be all right.‎ ‎1.A.joked    B.cared    C.trains    D.worried 2.A.reported    B.decided    C.complained    D.questioned 3.A.rich    B.proud    C.tiny    D.popular 4.A.come    B.fall    C.fit    D.tie 5.A.manner    B.pattern    C.choice    D.way 6.A.read    B.taken    C.opened    D.put 7.A.free    B.perfect    C.final    D.extra 8.A.art    B.talk    C.quiz    D.talent 9.A.colored    B.written    C.carved    D.drawn 10.A.at    B.after    C.for    D.around 11.A.room    B.time    C.paper    D.interest 12.A.gifts    B.books    C.photos    D.posters 13.A.special    B.academic    C.national    D.royal 14.A.painted    B.found    C.printed    D.collected 15.A.very    B.that    C.quite    D.too 16.A.If    B.Though    C.Unless    D.Since 17.A.prize    B.rank    C.rest    D.place 18.A.replied    B.realized    C.remembered    D.regretted 19.A.offered    B.valued    C.owned    D.controlled 20.A.clap    B.wave    C.raise    D.shake ‎2、In our modem world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The     1     is that countries around the world have growing mountains of     2     because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.‎ ‎    How did we     3     a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to     4     an object than to spend lime and money to repair it.     5     modem manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products arc plentiful and     6    .‎ ‎    Another cause is our     7     of disposable (一次性的) products. As     8     people, we are always looking for     9     to save lime and make our lives easier. Companies     10     thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.‎ ‎    Our appetite for new products also     11     to the problem. We are     12     buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that     13     is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we     14     useful possessions to make room for new ones.‎ ‎    All around the world, we can see the     15     of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To     16     the amount of rubbish and to protect the     17    , more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.     18     t this is not enough to solve(解决) our problem.‎ ‎    Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions     19     throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about     20     .Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.‎ ‎1.A.key    B.reason    C.project    D.problem 2.A.gifts    B.rubbish    C.debt    D.products 3.A.face    B.become    C.observe    D.change 4.A.hide    B.control    C.replace    D.withdraw 5.A.Thanks to    B.As to    C.Except for    D.Regardless of 6.A.safe    B.funny    C.cheap    D.powerful 7.A.love    B.lack    C.prevention    D.division 8.A.sensitive    B.kind    C.brave    D.busy 9.A.ways    B.places    C.jobs    D.friends 10.A.donate    B.receive    C.produce    D.preserve 11.A.adapts    B.returns    C.responds    D.contributes 12.A.tired of    B.addicted to    C.worried about    D.ashamed for 13.A.newer    B.stronger    C.higher    D.larger 14.A.pick up    B.pay for    C.hold onto    D.throw ‎ away 15.A.advantages    B.purposes    C.functions    D.consequences 16.A.show    B.record    C.decrease    D.measure 17.A.technology    B.environment    C.consumers    D.brands 18.A.However    B.Otherwise    C.Therefore    D.Meanwhile 19.A.by    B.in favour of    C.after    D.instead of 20.A.spending    B.collecting    C.repairing    D.advertising ‎ ‎3、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎    Overweight children and teenagers aged between 5 and 18 on the mainland of China ①__________(reach) 48.5 million in 2025, a number ②__________surpasses(超过)the population of Spain, a study said.‎ ‎    According to the study, among the obese Chinese youth, millions of them ③__________( report) to suffer from all kinds of diseases. It also stated that in all there would be 268 million overweight school-age children worldwide by 2025, ④__________(include) 91 million obese children, if no effective ⑤__________(measure) were taken to stop the existing trend. Inactivity and the consumption of junk food and soft drinks contributed ⑥__________the growing number of the ovenveight ⑦__________(young) in the world. ⑧__________( respond) to the increase of obese children in China, the State Council issued a guideline this year. The guideline aimed to prevent more children from becoming obese and it urged that the local government in China ⑨__________( strength) the training of medical staff around children’s health and improve the knowledge of ⑩__________( balance) eating and drinking diets among parents.‎ ‎4、    In much of Asia, especially the so-called "rice bowl" cultures of China, Japan, Korea, ① __________Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.     Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might ②__________(make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal ③__________(create) special designs.     The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, ④__________(use) twigs(树枝) to remove it. Over time, ⑤__________the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more ‎ quickly.     Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which ⑥__________(gradual) turned into chopsticks.     Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, ⑦__________lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the ⑧__________(develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and ⑨__________(be) too violent for use at the table.     Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat ⑩__________their hands.‎ ‎5、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎    Media is known to be the most ① __________(power) means of communication. Print media, electronic media and the Internet all belong to mass media. Newspapers, newsletters, magazines and brochures ②__________ (include) in print media, while the electronic media consists of the television, radio and other modes of communication. Internet is without doubt the fastest known way of communicating ③__________ millions of people across the globe. Effects of mass media can be positive as well as negative.‎ ‎    The best thing about the mass media is that it immediately provides us with the latest information about the things ④__________(happen) around us. Because of the keen efforts and devotion of the people working in the media and the entertainment sector, our knowledge ⑤__________(remain) fresh. With this knowledge, we become more smart and outgoing. Media is ⑥__________ gift for youngsters in many ways. They get useful information related to their career and higher ⑦__________ (educate) mostly through the mass media.‎ ‎    Though mass media has many positive effects, there are some ⑧__________ (harm) associated with it as well. The news ⑨__________ is published without checking whether it is a fact or not can create unnecessary confusion and extreme feelings among the common masses. It becomes the duty of media ⑩__________(provide) only relevant and precise information to the masses.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 答案以及解析 ‎1答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.A; 2.B; 3.C; 4.C; 5.D; 6.C; 7.B; 8.D; 9.D; 10.C; 11.B; 12.D; 13.A; 14.A; 15.B; 16.D; 17.A; 18.B; 19.C; 20.A 解析：1.新生Suzy Khan刚开始来到新学校不适应,被大家嘲笑,但是通过自己独立地给达人秀画海报而被大家称赞,同时也融入了班集体。根据后面的提示“laughed their heads off”可以判断出,班上的男同学经常嘲笑她,所以A项正确。 2.report“报告”;decide“决定”;complain“抱怨”;question“质问”. 根据后面的内容“the best way for her to learn American ways of life was to be with American kids”,再对照前面的信息“she was an orphan from Africa. She had just been adopted by a family”,可以判断出,应该是收养Suzy Khan的家庭认为,熟悉美国的生活方式的最好的办法,就是跟美国的孩子们在一起,所以才决定让Suzy跟美国的孩子们在一起,故B项正确。 3.根据文章第二句“She was really small for her age of 12. ”可知,Suzy的身形显示的年龄是偏小的,small跟tiny是同义词,所以C项正确。 4.结合题目的提示“The Fitting-in of Suzy Khan”以及前面的信息Suzy遭到班里男同学的嘲笑,由此可以判断出,是Suzy没能融入班集体,所以作者才要帮助她融入学生当中,故C项正确。 5.manner“方式,态度,举止”;pattern“模式,花样,图案”;choice “选择”;way“方法”。根据前一句的提示“how could I help her    4    in with us?”可以判断出,是作者在想办法让Suzy融入班集体,所以D项正确。 6.根据后面的“her geography book to a picture of a train”可知, 应该是翻开地理书中有一幅火车图片的那一页,所以C项为正确答案。 7.根据后面的“copy”,再结合后面的“Why, it’s wonderful”可以推断出,应该是完美地把火车图片描绘下来,所以B项正确。 8.根据后面的提示“the talent show”可知这里指才艺秀,所以D项正确。 9.结合后面的提示“she had painted”可知,所填单词与paint意思相近,所以D项正确。 10.从后面的提示 “I’m sure you’ve all noticed the wonderful posters. ”可以判断出,Suzy为即将到来的达人秀做准备,所以C 项正确。for表示“为……”。 11.结合语境,Miss Parker此时让Suzy帮忙画海报,这表示她没有足够的时间画才向Suzy求助的。 12.由前面的“who then showed us a poster” 以及“I need more of these”,再结合句意可以判断出,校园里达人秀那天到处是Suzy 画的海报,所以D项正确。 13.special “ 特别的”;academic “学术的”;national “ 国家的”;royal ‎ “王室的,皇家的”。根据后面的关键词“award”以及“I’m sure you’ve all noticed the wonderful posters. ”可以推断出,应该是一个特别的奖,所以A项正确。 14.联系上下文可知,空格后面的代词“them”是指前面提及的“posters”,再结合上文的信息可知是Suzy画的,所以A项正确。 15.结合句意可知,学生们在问谁画得那么好,所以B项符合,that well 相当于so well。 16.根据句意,既然Suzy在海报上花了很大工夫,她也就值得嘉奖,因此D项正确。 17.根据前面的提示“we have a (n)      13      award. ”,award 与prize是同义词,所以A项正确。 18.reply “回答 ”;realize “意识到 ”;remember “记得 ”;regret “遗憾”. 根据后面的“at that time when I was looking at her excited face,she’d probably never”和“in her whole life”可以判断出,作者意识到Suzy之前从未拥有过这样的时刻,因此B项正确。 19.offer“提供”;value“珍惜”;own“拥有”;control控制”。根据前面的否定词“never”以及后面的“anything in her whole life”可以判断出,Suzy—生当中从未拥有过这些,因此C项正确。 20.根据后面的提示“ their hands ” 以及“ the applause was deafening”可知,应该是指拍手鼓掌,所以A项正确。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2答案及解析：‎ 答案： 1.D; 2.B; 3.B; 4.C; 5.A; 6.C; 7.A; 8.D; 9.A; 10.C; 11.D; 12.B; 13.A; 14.D; 15.D; 16.C; 17.B; 18.A; 19.D; 20.A 解析： 1.【语篇导读】我们不断丢弃东西,然后购买新东西,导致被我们丢弃的垃圾堆积成山。由于受到各种因素的影响我们已处于一个用完就扔、一次性的社会。本文分析了我们成为这样的一个社会的原因,并指出了解决这一问题的措施。 后面的表语从句说明的是世界上许多国家所面临的问题 (problem),故选 D 项。 2.考查名词辨析。A礼物;B垃圾;C债务;D产品。句意:因为人们现在扔掉很多垃圾,因此,垃圾堆积成了山,故选B。 3.考查动词辨析。句意:A面对;B变得;C观察,庆祝;D改变。根据“first of ‎ all...”可知,这里讲的是乱扔垃圾的原因,故选B。 4.考查动词辨析。A躲藏;B控制;C代替;D撤退,收回。句意:与花时间和钱修理相比,现在更容易更换物品,故选C。 5.考查短语辨析。A多亏;B至于;C除了;D不管。句意:多亏了当代制造业和技术,公司能够更快地生产产品,成本也降低很多,故选A。 16.考查动词辨析。A显示,展示;B记录;C减少;D测量。句意:越来越多的政府要求人们循环使用物品,这样做是为了减少垃圾,故选C。 17.名词辨析。A技术;B环境;C消费者;D品牌。要求人们循环利用也是为了保护环境,故选B。 18.考查副词辨析。A然而;B要不然;C因此;D同时。句意:然而,只是要求人们循环利用是远远不够的,故选A。 19.考查介词辨析。A通过;B支持;C在......之后;D代替,而不是。句意:我们需要修理我们的财物,而不是扔掉它们,故选D。 20.由下文中的changing our spending habits可知选A。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3答案及解析：‎ 答案：will reach; that/which; were reported; including; measures; to; youth; To respond; strengthen; balanced 解析：‎ 中国儿童和青少年肥胖问题越来越严重,造成这种问题的原因有哪些呢?我们该如何应对这一问题呢?‎ ‎1. will reach考查动词时态。设空处作谓语动词,根据时间状语in 2025可知,此处要用一般将来时,所以答案为will reach。‎ ‎2. that/which 考査定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词是a number,该从句中缺少主语,所以要用关系代词that或which引导.‎ ‎3. were reported考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。根据第一段中的a study said可知要用一般过去时,且主语是复数形式,同时主语和 report之间是被动关系.所以答案为were reported.‎ ‎4.including 考查介词。including prep.包括.‎ ‎5.measures考查名词单复数:take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事。根据后边的were也可判断出用复数形式.‎ ‎6. to考査固定搭配:contribute to促成,造成。‎ ‎7. youth考查词性转换.设空处要用名词形式,表示“青年”,所以答案为 youth。‎ ‎8. To respond考查不定式用法。不定式短语作状语,表示目的。‎ ‎9. strengthen考查虚拟语气。在urge后面的that引导的宾语从句中, 谓语动词应该用“(should+)动词原形”。所以答案为strengthen。‎ ‎10. balanced考查词性转换:此处应用形容词修饰后面的名词。balanced adj.均衡的。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4答案及解析：‎ 答案：and; be made; to create; using; as/when; gradually; who; development; were; with 解析：本题主要考查词法和句法知识,集中考查了词性转换,并列句,定语从句,状语从句和非谓语动词等语法知识。 ①考查并列连词。这里列举了一些亚洲的国家,它们是并列关系,故填and。 ②考查固定词组。sth. be made of精美的筷子可能非由金或银制成的筷子莫属。.....某物由......制成,情态动词后跟动词原形,故填be made。 ③考查不定式作目的状语。技术娴熟的工人会把各种各样的硬质木材和金属结合起来,以创造出特殊风格的筷子。这里用不定式表目的,故填to create。 ④考查现在分词作伴随状语。人们可能使用大锅煮食物,用树枝把锅移开,use的逻辑主语是people,两者是主动关系,用现在分词表示伴随状况,故填using。 ⑤考查时间状语从句。句意:随着人口的增长,人们开始把食物切成小块,这样可以煮得快一点,这里是时间状语从句,when意为“当……时候”,后跟长动作或短动作,故填as/when。 ⑥考查副词。副词修饰动词或形容词,这里修饰动词短语turned into,应该用副词,故填gradually。 ⑦考查非限制性定语从句。剧中有逗号,说明是非限制性定语从句,先行词是Confucius筷子,定语从句缺少主语,且指人,故填who。 ⑧考查词性转换。the+名词+of,意为“……的……”,这里指“筷子的发展”,故填development。 ⑨考查时态。根据句意可知,这里指的是刀子因太暴力而不适合在餐桌上使用,believed后跟一个宾语从句,and连接了两个并列的谓语,主语knives是复数,根据时态一致的原则,这里用一般过去时,故填were。 ⑩考查介词。句意:在印度,大部分人还是用传统的吃饭方法——用手拿,with+表示具体工具的名词,故填with。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5答案及解析：‎ 答案：powerful; are included; with; happening; remains; a; education; harm; that/which; to provide 解析：‎ 各种媒体手段在我们的日常生活中的作用越来越明显,本文就媒体的积极作用和消极作用进行了简单的描述。‎ ‎1. powerful考査形容词。句意:媒体被认为是最强有力的交流方式。 修饰名词means应用形容词,the most与设空处一起构成形容词的最高级,所以设空处要用形容词。‎ ‎2. are included考査时态和语态。句意:报纸、通讯简报、杂志和小册子都包括在印刷媒体之中……。设空处是谓语动词,与主语之间是被动关系,主语是复数且时态为一般现在时,所以答案为are included。‎ ‎3. with考查介词。communicate with与......交流。‎ ‎4.happening考査非谓语动词。此处表达:为我们提供发生在我们周围的事情的最新信息。设空处是非谓语动词作定语,修饰名词the things,两者之间是主动关系,所以要用v.-ing形式.‎ ‎5. remains考査时态和主谓一致。设空处是句子的谓语动词,时态是一般现在时,主语是不可数名词knowledge,所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。‎ ‎6. a考査冠词。句意:在很多方面媒体是年轻人的一份礼物.此处用不定冠词表示泛指,gift以辅音音素开头,故填a。‎ ‎7. education考査词性转换。形容词比较级higher修饰后面的名词,故用educate的名词形式education。‎ S.harm考査名词。句意:尽管大众传媒有很多积极的作用,但也有一些有害之处。设空处前有some修饰,故此处用名词;harm是不可数名词,故填harm。‎ ‎9. that/which考査定语从句。分析句子结构可知,The news是主句的主语,can create是主句的谓语动词。设空处引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词The news,关系词在从句中充当主语,所以用关系代词that或 which。‎ ‎10. to provide考查非谓语动词。It在句中是形式主语,设空处应该用不定式形式,是真正的主语。‎ ‎ ‎