英语中考六种时态精讲加真题解析

英语中考六种时态精讲加真题解析

高频考向一　一般现在时 ‎1．一般现在时的构成 ‎—般现在时主要用动词的原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数，一般在动词原形后面加s或es。‎ ‎2．一般现在时的用法 ‎①表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。经常与often，usually，every day，always，sometimes，twice a week，on Sunday等表时间的单词或短语连用。如：‎ Most of the students in our class usually go to school by bike.我们班里大部分学生通常骑自行车去上学。‎ I practice playing football every day.我每天练习踢足球。‎ ‎②表示普遍真理或客观事实。如：‎ The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。‎ ‎③在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。如：‎ If it doesn't rain tomorrow，we will go for a picnic.‎ 如果明天不下雨，我们将去野餐。‎ ‎【例1】 —Do you know whether David will go cycling or not tomorrow？(2013，泰安)‎ ‎—David？Never！He______outdoor activities.‎ A．hates B．hated C．is hating D．has hated 解析：根据语境可知此处句意为“他不喜欢户外运动”这是描述个人喜好的句子，应使用一般现在时。‎ 答案：__A__‎ ‎【例2】 —What does Tom's uncle do?‎ ‎—He is a teacher.He______physics at a school now.(2013，武汉)‎ A．will teach B．has taught C．teaches D．taught 解析：根据语境可知“他现在在一所学校教物理”，表示目前的情况，故用一般现在时。‎ 答案：__C__．‎ 高频考向二　一般过去时 ‎1．一般过去时的构成 一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。特别注意：不规则动词的过去式。‎ ‎2．一般过去时的用法 ‎①表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。经常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday，last Sunday，in 2010，just now，the other day，the next day，three days ago等。如：‎ I met him in the street yesterday.我昨天在街上见到了他。‎ ‎②表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。如：‎ He often went to work by bus last year.去年他经常坐公共汽车去上班。‎ ‎【例3】After Steven sent some emails，he______surfing the Internet.(2014，杭州)‎ A．starts B．has started C．will start D．started 解析：由前半句中sent可知，应用一般过去时。‎ 答案：__D__．‎ ‎【例4】 —Excuse me，look at the sign NO PHOTOS!‎ ‎—Sorry，I______it.(2013，呼和浩特)‎ A．don't see B．didn't see C．haven't seen D．won't see 解析：根据句意“对不起，请看‘禁止拍照’的标牌！”“对不起，我没看见它。”可以判断“刚才没有看见”，必须用一般过去时。‎ 答案：__B__．‎ 高频考向三　现在进行时 ‎1．现在进行时的构成 现在进行时的构成为：be＋动词的现在分词 特别注意：现在分词的构成形式 ‎2．现在进行时的用法 ‎①表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。如：‎ ‎—What is he doing？他正在干什么？‎ ‎—He is watching TV.他正在看电视。‎ ‎②表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。(说话时不一定正在做)如：‎ They are picking apples on a farm these days.这些天他们一直在农场摘苹果。‎ ‎③go，come，leave，arrive等表示位置移动的词通常用现在进行时表示将来。如：‎ He is leaving for Japan tomorrow.他明天要前往日本。‎ ‎④现在进行时常用的时间状语：now，all the time，‎ these days，this year，at the moment等。‎ ‎【例5】 —Are your parents at home，Jane？(2013，济南)‎ ‎—No，they______taking a walk in the park.‎ A．do B．are C．will D．have 解析：现在进行时的结构为“be＋现在分词”，该处缺少be动词。‎ 答案：__B__．‎ ‎【例6】 Be quiet！The other students______．‎ A．sleep B．slept C．are sleeping D．sleeping 解析：根据语境可知句意“保持安静，其他学生正在睡觉”，故应用现在进行时。‎ 答案：__C__．‎ 高频考向四　过去进行时 ‎1．过去进行时的构成 过去进行时的构成为：was/were＋动词的现在分词 ‎2．过去进行时的用法 ‎①表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。如：‎ ‎—What were you doing at this time yesterday？昨天这个时候你在干什么？‎ ‎—I was doing my homework.我正在做我的家庭作业。‎ We were reading when the teacher came in.当老师进来时我们正在读书。‎ ‎②表示两个过去的动作同时进行，可以用while来连接。如：‎ I was watching TV while my mother was cooking.我在看电视，而我的妈妈正在做饭。‎ ‎③过去进行时常用的时间状语：at that time，at nine yesterday，those days，when/while引导的时间状语从句等。‎ ‎【例7】—I called you at 8：00 yesterday evening，but no one answered.(2014，赤峰)‎ ‎—Sorry.I______clothes for my parents at that time.‎ A．wash B．washed C．am washing D．was washing 解析：由时间状语“at that time”可知，应用过去进行时。‎ 答案：__D__．‎ ‎【例8】 I didn't hear the phone because my father______TV then.(2013，潍坊)‎ A．is watching B．was watching C．watches D．watched 解析：主句I didn't hear the phone为一般过去时，所以原因状语从句不可能是现在进行时或一般现在时。由标志词then可知，应用过去进行时状态。‎ 答案：__B__．‎ 高频考向五　一般将来时 ‎1．一般将来时的构成 ‎—般将来时的构成为：助动词will/shall＋动词原形；‎ be going to ＋动词原形 ‎2．一般将来时的用法 ‎①表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。其构成是will＋动词原形。当主语是第一人称I/we时，助动词也可用shall。如：‎ He will be back in two days.他将两天后回来。‎ Lucy will go to visit her uncle tomorrow.明天露茜将要去看望她的叔叔。‎ We shall go to see you next Sunday.下个星期天我们将去看你。‎ ‎②表示计划、打算、决定要做的事或有某种迹象表明要发生的事。一般情况下用“be going to＋动词原形”结构。如：‎ ‎—What are you going to do this Sunday？这个星期天你打算干什么？‎ ‎—I'm going to practice English.我打算练习英语。‎ Look at the clouds.It is going to rain.看那些乌云，天要下雨了。‎ ‎③一般将来时常用的时间状语：tomorrow，next week，next year，in two days，in the future，from now on，soon等表示将来的时间状语。‎ ‎【例9】 We have no more vegetables in the fridge.I______and buy some.(2013，河北)‎ A．go B．went C．will go D．was going 解析：根据前句“我们冰箱里没有蔬菜了”可知后句句意为“我将要去买些”。故此处应用一般将来时态。‎ 答案：__C__．‎ ‎【例10】 —Have you ever been to the Great Wall?‎ ‎—Not yet.I______it this year.(2014，台州)‎ A．visited B．have visited C．was visiting D．will visit 解析：由答句前半句“还没有去”可知，后半句句意为“我将今年去参观它”。故应用一般将来时态。‎ 答案：__D__．‎ 高频考向六　现在完成时 ‎1．现在完成时的构成 现在完成时的构成为：助动词have/has＋动词的过去分词 ‎2．现在完成时的用法 ‎①表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果。如：‎ ‎—Have you had your lunch yet？你吃过午饭了吗？‎ ‎—Yes，I have.I've just had it.是的，我刚吃过。(现在不饿了)‎ ‎②表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，可能还要持续下去，常与for或since连用。表示持续的动作或状态多为延续性动词。如：‎ He has lived here since 1999.自从1999年以来，他就住在这儿。‎ I have learnt English for ten years.我学习英语有10年了。‎ 注意：非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。必须把非延续性动词改为相应的表示延续性的动词或短语，这时可与表示一段时间的状语连用。常见的非延续性动词通常作如下变换：come→be in，leave→be away，buy→have，borrow→keep，die→be dead，begin→be on，close→be closed，open→be open，join→be in/be a member of，go/come there→be there，get married→be married，catch a cold→have a cold，return→be back，fall ill→be ill，become→be，has gone to→has been in等。如：‎ 误：I have bought this computer for two years.‎ 正：I have had this computer for two years.‎ 我买这台电脑有两年了。‎ ‎③与现在完成时连用的时间状语：already，yet，just，ever，never，before，so far，these days，in/during the past few years，for＋一段时间，since＋过去的时间点，since＋一般过去时的从句等。‎ ‎【例11】—Dave，we will leave in 10 minutes.Are you ready?‎ ‎—No，I______our guide book and towels yet.(2013，玉林)‎ A．don't pack B．didn't pack C．have packed D．haven't packed 解析：根据no可知，还没有准备好，排除C；根据句意“Dave，我们将10分钟后出发。你准备好了吗？”可知从过去到现在还没准备好，是对现在的一种影响，由标志词yet可知，应用现在完成时。‎ 答案：__D__．‎ ‎【例12】 His grandma has______for 5 years.(2014，衡阳)‎ A．died B．been died C．been dead 解析：由句中时间状语“for 5 years”可知，本题应用现在完成时且动词应用延续性动词。‎ 答案：__C__．‎ 一、单项选择。‎ ‎1．Look，the set of keys __C__ on the teacher's desk.(2014，安顺)‎ A．are B．were C．is D．was ‎2．My husband always __B__ me flowers every week before we got married but now he never ______．(2014，呼和浩特)‎ A．sends；does B．sent；does C．was going to send；do D．sent；do ‎3．I saw Ken in the meeting room，he __D__ Joe for the school magazine.(2014，河北)‎ A．interviews B．interviewed C．has interviewed D．was interviewing ‎4．—You're in a hurry.Where are you going？(2014，江西)‎ ‎—To the cinema.Sue __C__ for me outside.‎ A．waits B．waited C．is waiting D．was waiting ‎5．—Do you think grandpa and grandma __B__ late?‎ ‎—No，the train is usually on time.(2014，苏州)‎ A．were B．will be C．was D．have been ‎6．—The Amazing Spider Man 2 is on these days.It's fantastic.‎ ‎—Really？But I __C__ it yet.(2014，湖州)‎ A．didn't see B．won't see C．haven't seen D．am not seeing ‎7．—Jim isn't in the classroom.Where is he now?‎ ‎—He __C__ the library.(2014，滨州)‎ A．will go to B．has been to C．has gone to D．goes to ‎8．The zoo keeper is worried because the number of visitors __C__ smaller and smaller.‎ A．become B．are becoming C．is becoming D．have become ‎9．—So you have watched the action movie，haven't you?‎ ‎—Yes.I __B__ it with my parents in Lu Xun Theatre.(2014，绍兴)‎ A．watch B．watched C．will watch D．am watching ‎10．—Can you find our city __A__ a lot in recent years？(2014，泰安)‎ ‎—Yes.The road is wider and the buildings are taller.‎ A．has changed B．changes C．changed D．will change ‎11．—Why are you in such a hurry，Mike?‎ ‎—There __B__ an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.(2014，安顺)‎ A．will have B．will be C．is going to have D．are going to be ‎12．—I suppose you are at least 60 years old.‎ ‎—Thank you.I'm glad you __B__ that.My real age is 362.(2014，黄冈)‎ A．say B．said C．are saying D．were saying ‎13．My sister __B__ the Youth League for more than two years.(2014，齐齐哈尔)‎ A．has taken part in B．has been in C．has joined in D．has joined ‎14．Alice likes doing housework.She __A__ her room every afternoon.(2014，温州)‎ A．cleans B．cleaned C．is cleaning D．has cleaned ‎15．Robots __A__ more heavy work for us in the future.(2014，天津)‎ A．will do B．did C．have done D．were doing ‎16．—Where is your father？(2014，重庆)‎ ‎—He __A__ the World Cup in the living room.‎ A．is watching B．watches C．watched D．will watch ‎17．The teacher is already standing here.Do you know when she __B__？(2014，河北)‎ A．comes B．came C．is coming D．was coming ‎18．—Has your friend completed his design?‎ ‎—Not yet.He __D__ on it last night.(2014，扬州)‎ A．worked B．has worked C．is working D．was working