江苏省高考押题金卷 英语 Word含解析

江苏省高考押题金卷 英语 Word含解析

江苏省2017高考押题金卷 英 语 第Ⅰ卷(选择题　共85分)‎ 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)‎ 第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. Why is the man so hungry?‎ A. He has been on a diet recently. 　　　　　B. He hasn't eaten anything today.‎ C. He has only had a burger today.‎ ‎2. What is the relationship between the speakers?‎ A. Strangers. B. Business partners. C. Clerk and client.‎ ‎3. What are the speakers doing?‎ A. Listening to the radio. B. Watching TV. C. Watching a new movie.‎ ‎4. Why won't the man go to college after graduation?‎ A. His grades aren't good enough. 　　　　　B. He never wants to go to college.‎ C. His father asked him to work first.‎ ‎5. How much money will the man give the woman?‎ A. Five dollars. B. Seven dollars. C. Eight dollars.‎ 第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. Who is the boss?‎ A. Mr. Cassell. B. Ms. Baker. C. Mr. Langley.‎ ‎7. Why did the man apologize at the end?‎ A. He misunderstood what he saw.‎ B. He wouldn't be able to attend the birthday party.‎ C. He put his kids' markers on the woman's desk.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8. Why did the woman stay up late last night?‎ A. To write her paper. B. To take exercise. C. To prepare for an exam.‎ ‎9. What does the man probably mean at the end?‎ A. The woman should work harder. 　　　　　　B. The woman should leave him alone.‎ C. The woman's study method is effective.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. Who is with the man right now?‎ A. No one else. B. His wife. C. Another couple.‎ ‎11. What will the woman bring the man first?‎ A. Some wine. B. Some hot water. C. Some menus.‎ ‎12. What might the man discuss with Ralph?‎ A. What dishes to have. B. What wine to order. C. Where they should sit.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. Who took the woman to horse races when she was young?‎ A. Her grandfather. B. Her father. C. Her dad's friends.‎ ‎14. What does the woman say about riding a horse?‎ A. She's never done it before. 　　　B. It's a great way to have fun.‎ C. It's different from racing a horse.‎ ‎15. How many races will there be today?‎ A. More than ten. B. Less than five. C. It is unknown.‎ ‎16. What will the speakers probably do next?‎ A. Watch a horse race. 　　　B. Place money on a horse.‎ C. Go down onto the track.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. When did Mr. Jones join the company?‎ A. Five years ago. B. Thirty years ago. C. Forty years ago.‎ ‎18. What was Mr. Jones first promoted to?‎ A. Office manager. B. Head driver. C. Vice president of operations.‎ ‎19. How did Mr. Jones get his degree?‎ A. By paying the fee himself. 　　　B. By working part－time.‎ C. By taking night classes.‎ ‎20. Why does the woman give the speech?‎ A. To welcome a new employee. 　　　　B. To say goodbye to an old co－worker.‎ C. To congratulate Mr. Jones on his promotion.‎ 第二部分：英语基础知识运用(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ ‎21. “Made in China 2025” aims to transform China from a product－making factory into a procuct－making power, ________ driven by innovation and emphasizes quality over quantity.‎ A. the one that B. one that C. one D. the one ‎22. On Nov. 11, Alibaba sold more than 90 billion yuan ________ goods on its e－commerce platforms Taobao.com and TMall, making headlines all over the world.‎ A. worth of B. sum of C. value for D. profit for ‎23. Younger people might like snow and cold, but for ________， such weather is very tough; snow can turn into ice, ________ is easy to slip on.‎ A. people my age; where B. my age people; where C. people my age; which D. my age people; which ‎24. China may as well keep its growth rate above 7 percent. ________， the rate may be set between 6 to 7 percent, for the sake of a healthy environment.‎ A. Differently B. Alternatively C. Accordingly D. Conversely ‎25. — Will you have a second child?‎ ‎— Haven’t decided yet. We ________ about it the whole year.‎ A. have thought B. had thought C. thought D. have been thinking ‎26. How shocked he ________ the news that the terrorists attacked Paris, leaving 129 dead and ‎ hundreds injured.‎ A. was heard B. heard C. was to hear D. would hear ‎27. The door was open, from ________ he could see everything outside.‎ A. which B. after which C. behind it D. where ‎28. It is beyond awkward when everyone around you ________ laughing at a joke that you do not find funny, especially if it’s a joke told in a foreign language.‎ A. run into B. bursts out C. yells out D. falls into ‎29. The average income of the Changzhou, though still well below that of Suzhou, has been on the increase and is three times ________ it was in 2001.‎ A. that B. which C. what D. how ‎30. Having a brother or sister protects adolescents against negative feelings such as loneliness and guilt, but they also have to learn to ________ and to control their emotions.‎ A. compete B. compensate C. comprehend D. compromise ‎31. — The government must have taken measures to lower the house prices next year, ________ it?‎ ‎— Yes. I guess so.‎ A. didn’t B. hasn’t C. mustn’t D. won’t ‎32. It was human errors, rather than the natural disaster, that ________ for the death of so many innocent people in the landslide at an industrial park in Shenzhen.‎ A. is blamed B. is to blame C. are blamed D. are to blame ‎33. — How is the smog control going on in our capital city?‎ ‎— It couldn’t be worse. You ________ believe Beijing upgraded the smog alert from yellow to orange and then red again yesterday.‎ A. won’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t ‎34. — Can you explain ________ China’s football team failed again in the attempt for the World Cup?‎ ‎— I am sorry, but this is the last time. We will behave ourselves.‎ A. why is it that B. why it is that C. how it is that D. how is it that ‎35. — I still haven’t made any progress in writing an English essay.‎ ‎— ________. How can you expect to write a passage when you don’t understand the words?‎ A. Learn to walk before you run B. Practice makes perfect C. Don’t put the cart before the horse D. Learn to fish but not just ask for fish 第二节： 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ It is dark now when I begin my early morning walk in the woods. And now that autumn has marched into winter, darkness persists well beyond my 6 a. m. start time.‎ Paths have become familiar after years of hiking. But rocks and tree roots have magically appeared from previously __36__ ground.‎ Certainly I hit my toe against or __37__ on some unseen barriers. Fallen branches from last night’s storm __38__ in wait. Layers of autumn leaves create a false floor through which my trusting footsteps __39__. Sometimes a piece of moon donates some __40__ to the mystery path. But when skies are dark, there are no __41__ clues for where I step.‎ My very first night hike was during summer camp on a warm August night in the woods. Our leader __42__ bright flashlights so we would not scare away the night creatures we hoped to find.‎ ‎“See with your __43__，” the leader told us over and over again.‎ ‎__44__， that advice took effect. With __45__ and courage, it didn’t take long before our feet became __46__ to the ground’s textures(质地) and irregularities. Toes learned to __47__ for barriers before trusting full weight on feet. Holes and dips in the ground were detected in __48__ of possible fall...‎ But mistakes __49__ happen. My foot gets caught on a trip and I fall. Since the pace is __50__， there is little damage except to pride. Once __51__， I pause to feel the firmness of earth beneath me.‎ On my way home, as dawn __52__ day, I think about how similar night hikes are to journeys through life.‎ The same rules often __53__ for both: slow down, concentration, “see” with new senses —and don’t be __54__. Although the path is full of __55__— hidden barriers, false surface, wet floor — the earth is solid and firm beneath. It is the nature of night ground. It is the nature of life.‎ ‎36. A. level B. soft C. wet D. hard ‎37. A. step B. tour C. trip D. go ‎38. A. stand B. hang C. stain D. lie ‎39. A. break B. sink C. walk D. remove ‎40. A. coldness B. light C. loneliness D. courage ‎41. A. vague B. typical C. visual D. conscious ‎42. A. forbade B. shone C. removed D. collected ‎43. A. eyes B. toes C. hands D. feet ‎44. A. Directly B. Amazingly C. Possibly D. Luckily ‎45. A. contribution B. appreciation C. concentration D. expectation ‎46. A. suspicious B. cautious C. tentative D. sensitive ‎47. A. explore B. head C. clarify D. assess ‎48. A. need B. search C. advance D. spite ‎49. A. also B. still C. even D. ever ‎50. A. rapid B. mild C. slow D. gentle ‎51. A. up B. down C. out D. away ‎52. A. makes up for B. makes way for C. makes use of D. makes sense of ‎53. A. work B. apply C. answer D. suit ‎54. A. disappointed B. confused C. scared D. annoyed ‎55. A. darkness B. hopelessness C. anxieties D. uncertainties 第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 请认真阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。‎ A The tree people in the Lord of the Rings—the Ents—can get around by walking. But for real trees, well, it's harder to uproot. "Because it's a sessile organism, literally, rooted into the ground, it is unable to leave and go elsewhere." Mario Pesendorfer, a behavioral ecologist at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology. "When a tree first starts growing in a certain area, it's likely that the climatic envelope, so the temperature, humidity, soil composition and so on suits it, because it would otherwise be unable to grow from a seedling. But as it ages, these conditions may change and the area around it may no longer be suitable for its offspring."‎ And if that happens? Walnuts, hazelnuts, chestnuts, oaks, pines—many rely exclusively on so-called "scatter-hoarders," like birds, to move their hefty seeds to new locales. "Many members of the family Corvidae—the crows, jays and magpies—are scatter-hoarders, meaning they like to store food for the winter, which they then subsequently retrieve."‎ Or not. And when they do forget something, a seedling has a chance to grow, sometimes a good distance away. "The Clark's nutcracker, which is found in alpine regions of western North America, is definitely the rock star among the scatter-hoarding corvids. They hide up to 100,000 seeds per year, up to 30 kilometers away from the seed source, and have a very close symbiotic relationship with several pine species, most notably the whitebark pine.”‎ Pesendorfer and his colleagues catalogue the seed-scattering activities of the Clark's nutcracker and its cousins in a new review paper, in the journal The Condor: Ornithological Applications. They also write that, as trees outgrow their ideal habitats in the face of climate change, or battle new insects and disease, these flying ecosystem engineers could be a big help replanting trees. It's a solution, Pesendorfer says, that's good for us—getting birds to do the work is cheap and effective— and it could give vulnerable oaks and pines the option to truly "make like a tree and leave."‎ ‎56. According to the article, what makes birds help trees move from one place to another?‎ ‎ ________.‎ A. They want to make the environment better for survival B. They want to change the trees into another kind C. They want to store the nuts for winter survival D. They are forced to help trees to survive ‎57. Which does the underlined word in the last paragraph mean? ________.‎ A. growing in a better way B. being forced to give up C .making changes to D. finding a mysterious way to survive ‎58. What is the best title of this passage? ________.‎ A. Birds may help trees cope with climate change B. Birds rely on nuts to survive C. Trees help fight air pollution D. Birds make trees in danger B ‎ One hundred years ago, "Colored" was the typical way of referring to Americans of African descent. Twenty years later, it was purposefully dropped to make way for "Negro." By the late 1960s, that term was overtaken by "Black." And then, at a press conference in Chicago in 1988, Jesse Jackson declared that "African American" was the term to welcome. This one was chosen because it echoed the labels of groups, such as "Italian Americans" and "Irish Americans," that had already been freed of widespread discrimination.‎ A century's worth of calculated name changes point to the fact that naming any group is a politically freighted exercise. A 2001 study cataloged all the ways in which the term "Black" carried connotations (涵义) that were more negative than those of "African American."‎ But if it was known that "Black" people were viewed differently from "African Americans," researchers, until now, hadn't identified what that gap in perception was derived from. A recent study, conducted by Emory University's Erika Hall, found that "Black" people are viewed more negatively than "African Americans" because of a perceived difference in socioeconomic status. As a result, "Black" people are thought of as less competent and as having colder personalities.‎ The study's most striking findings shed light on the racial discriminations permeating the professional world. Even seemingly harmless details on a CV, it appears, can tap into recruiters'(招聘人员)discriminations. A job application might mention affiliations（关系） with groups such as the "Wisconsin Association of African-American Lawyers" or the "National Black Employees Association," the names of which apparently have consequences, and are also beyond their members' control.‎ In one of the study's experiments, subjects were given a brief description of a man from Chicago with the last name Williams. To one group, he was identified as "African-American," and another was told he was "Black." With little else to go on, they were asked to estimate Mr. Williams' salary, professional standing, and educational background.‎ The "African-American" group estimated that he earned about $ 37,000 a year and had a two-year college degree. The "Black" group, on the other hand, put his salary at about $ 29,000, and guessed that he had only "some" college experience. Nearly three-quarters of the first group guessed that Mr. Williams worked at a managerial level, while only 38.5 percent of the second group thought so.‎ Hall's findings suggest there's an argument to be made for electing to use "African American," though one can't help but get the sense that it's a decision that papers over the urgency of continued progress. Perhaps a new phrase is needed, one that can bring everyone one big step closer to realizing Du Bois' original, idealistic hope: "It's not the name-it's the Thing that counts."‎ ‎59. We can conclude from Erika Hall's findings that________.‎ ‎  A. Racial discriminations are widespread in the professional world ‎  B. Many applicants don't attend to details on their CVs ‎  C. Job seekers should all be careful- about their affiliations D. Most recruiters are unable to control their racial biases ‎60. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?‎ A. Jesse Jackson embraced the term “African American” because it is free from discrimination.‎ B. The naming of any ethnic (种族) group is political sensitive.‎ C. Before the study conducted by Erika Hall, researchers had identified the causes of the gap in ‎ perception of racial discrimination.‎ D. A man identified as “African American” is thought of as more capable than he is identified as “Black”.‎ ‎61. Erika Hall’s experiment about a man with the last name Williams indicates that ________.‎ A. African Americans fare better than many other ethnic groups ‎ B. Black people's socioeconomic status in America remains low C. People's conception of a person has much to do with the way he or she is labeled D. One's professional standing and income are related to their educational background ‎62. From the underlined sentences in the last paragraph, we can know that Dr. Du Bois' hope is ________.‎ A. All Americans enjoy equal rights ‎  B. A person is judged by their worth ‎  C. A new term is created to address African Americans D. All ethnic groups share the nation's continued progress C Garlic is one of the most common cooking ingredients around the world. Many dishes in Europe, Africa, Asia and the Americas use this strong-flavored vegetable.‎ Garlic is similar to other bulb-shaped plants, including onions, chives, leeks and scallions. But garlic is special. For centuries, people have used garlic not only for cooking, but also for medicine.‎ Medicinal garlic throughout time.‎ Researchers at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Cornell University studied the medicinal use of garlic throughout history. They found references to garlic in ancient texts from Egypt, Greece, Rome, China and India.‎ For example, in ancient Greece and Rome, people considered garlic an aid to strength and endurance.‎ The original Olympic athletes in Greece ate garlic to improve their performance. The ancient Romans fed garlic to the soldiers and sailors.‎ Workers who built the pyramids in Egypt ate garlic. In fact, this is a theme throughout early history -- workers eating garlic to increase their strength.‎ Some researchers in China have gone so far as to call hydrogen sulfide the key to a longer life.‎ ‎__________________!‎ In a 2007 study, researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham studied how garlic ‎ increased hydrogen sulfide and how that, in turn, affected red blood cells.‎ David Kraus led that study.‎ In 2013, scientists were finally able to see this process happen. Chemists Alexander Lippert of Southern Methodist University in Dallas and Vivian S. Lin discovered how to observe this process in living human cells.‎ Their discovery has opened the door to more research into the health benefits of garlic and the production of hydrogen sulfide in the body.‎ In a 2015 experiment at Penn State University, researchers injected a solution that would create hydrogen sulfide in the arms of healthy young adults. They wanted to see what hydrogen sulfide would do to a small area of blood vessels.‎ The initial findings are that hydrogen sulfide widened blood vessels, which then increased the flow of blood. These researchers plan to continue their research. They published their findings in The Journal of Physiology.‎ Older garlic may be even healthier.‎ But let’s leave the laboratory and go to the kitchen. Don’t throw out older garlic that has sprouted. You may have thought that garlic growing light green sprouts was past its prime or old and on its way to the trash bin.‎ But not so fast.‎ Scientists have reported in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry that this older garlic has even more properties that are good for our bodies than fresh garlic. When researchers tested garlic that had sprouted for five days, they found it had higher antioxidant activity than fresher bulbs of garlic.‎ Also, to get the full effect of garlic’s health benefits, do not add it to food or cook with it immediately. Cutting, crushing or mincing garlic releases the healthy compound found in the vegetable. But heating the garlic or adding it to other ingredients prevents the release of this healthy compound. So cut or crush or mince the garlic, and let it rest by itself for a couple minutes.‎ So, are there any downsides to garlic? Well, the same reason garlic is good for us and good in dishes -- that strong sulfur odor -- is the same reason it gives us bad breath.‎ But there might be a cure for that, too. Yet another study found that eating an apple or lettuce after eating garlic cuts down on the strong garlic smell on one’s breath.‎ ‎63. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?‎ A. Garlic can be used not only for cooking, but also for medicine.‎ B. Workers would eat garlic to increase their strength in the past.‎ C. Garlic growing light green sprouts was past its prime or old and should be thrown to the ‎ trash bin.‎ D. Heating the garlic or adding it to other ingredients would reduce the health benefit of garlic.‎ ‎64. Which sentence could be filled in the blanks?‎ A. So many studies on garlic B. Medicinal garlic throughout time ‎ C. Garlic is such a healthy food D. Study about garlic ‎65. Where can you probably find the text?‎ ‎ A. In a popular magazine. B. In a story book.‎ ‎ C. In a biology textbook. D. In a health report.‎ D A new survey reviews that more than 60% of websites and apps intended for Canadian children may be collecting personal information and passing it on to a third party. The survey was completed by the Global Privacy Enforcement Network, which reviewed 1,494 websites and apps.‎ Focusing on trends among Canadian users, the sweep team reviewed 118 websites and apps targeted directly at children, as well as 54 that are known to be popular with and used by kids. The team’s findings showed that more than 50% of Canadian sites collect personal information from children, including names, addresses, phone numbers and photos, audio or video. In addition, 62% of sites admitted they may show that personal information to third parties. An other 62% allowed the user to be redirected to a different site, and only 28% of the sites and apps involved any form of parental control or protection.‎ A member of the team Tobi Cohen, outlined a few of the sites that did and did not live up to the standards of children’s privacy online. She praised both Family.ca and Lego.com for their message boards that did not allow users to post personal information, and noted that santasvillage. ca asked users to provide their full name and email address. Gamezhero.com was also singled out for allowing users to display personal information, including names, age, sex and locations. Pbskids.org, on the other hand, was praised for only offering generic, pre-set avatars（头像） and barring users form uploading personal photos.‎ The Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada refused to release a full list of the websites and apps reviewed. When asked what would be done with results, commissioner Daniel Therrien said that companies reviewed in the sweep would be kept informed of the findings. “ It’s our usual practice after conducting a sweep to write a number of companies to point out the things that we’ve seen, to sometimes ask that things be changed, and on the whole the companies react positively to these requests.” Therrien added. ‎ In an attempt to help kids better understand why their privacy matters, the Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada has created a lesson plan for kids in Grade 7 and 8 that explains the Global Privacy Enforcements Network and has kids conduct privacy reviews of their own.‎ ‎“We know that companies are not the only ones responsible for the protection of kids’ privacy.” Therrien said.“ Parents and teachers obviously have a role. We have a role, particularly in the area of increasing awareness of privacy issues among the public.”‎ Matthew Johnson, director of education at Media Smarts, said that the sweep’s results were sadly unsurprising. Media Smarts, an Ottawa-based non-profit digital literacy outfit intended to improve media literacy and empowering the youth to better engage with media, offers age-appropriate tips to parents concerned with keeping their kids sage online.‎ Johnson explained that in addition to educating themselves on the issue, the best thing parents could do to protect children’s privacy online is to educate kids on the importance the function of their personal data. He mentioned an initiative by Media Smarts called Privacy Pirates, an online game that aims to teach kids at the age of seven to nine that all forms of personal information should be protected and added that their personal information has value and they should think twice before giving it out.‎ ‎66. We can conclude from the data mentioned in Paragraph 2 that ________.‎ ‎ A. parents must be to blame for letting out their kids’ privacy ‎ B. the time that children spend on he Internet should be limited ‎ C. more children have realized the importance of personal privacy ‎ ‎ D. more attention should be paid to the protection of kids’ privacy ‎67. Which of the following websites doesn’t require kids to provide personal information?‎ ‎ A. Family.ca. B. Gamezhero.com. C. pbskids.org. D. santasvillage.ca.‎ ‎68. What will most of the companies do when receiving a request from the sweep team?‎ ‎ A. They will help kids better understand why their privacy matters.‎ ‎ B. They will ask the team never to make their website public.‎ ‎ C. They will ask for further information about the research.‎ ‎ D. They will take some measures actively in response.‎ ‎69. Daniel Therrien seems to stress in Paragraph 6 that ________.‎ ‎ A. the team should develop a good relationship with the companies ‎ B. the protection of kid’s privacy involves joint efforts from adults ‎ C. the public is unaware if their role in protecting kids’ privacy ‎ D. the sweep team’s work is worth nothing without parents’ help ‎70. According to Johnson, parents should ________.‎ ‎ A. guide their kids to play online games ‎ B. get kids to know the value of their privacy ‎ C. set a good example to their kids in daily life ‎ D. think twice before giving personal information out 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题　共35分)‎ 第四部分：任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。‎ In China, as in many countries, the north－south divide runs deep. People from the north are seen as hale and hearty, while southerners are often portrayed as cunning, cultured traders. Northerners are taller than southerners. The north eats noodles, while the south eats rice—and according to new research, when it comes to personality, that difference has meant everything.‎ A study published Friday by a group of psychologists in the journal Science finds that China’s noodle－slurping northerners are more independent, show more “analytic thought” and divorce more frequently. By contrast, the authors write, rice－eating southerners show more qualities traditionally associated with East Asian culture, including more “holistic thought” and lower divorce rates.‎ The reason? Cultivating rice, the authors say, is a lot harder. Picture a rice paddy, its delicate seedlings tucked in a bed of water. They require careful tending and many hours of labor—by some estimates, twice as much as wheat—as well as reliance on irrigation systems that require neighborly cooperation. As the authors write, for southerners growing rice, “strict self－reliance might have meant starvation”. ‎ Growing wheat, by contrast, the north’s staple grain, is much simpler. One Chinese farming guide from the 1600s quoted in the study advised aspiring farmers that “if one is short of labor power, it is best to grow wheat.”‎ To produce their findings, the authors evaluated the attitudes of 1，162 Han Chinese students in Beijing and Liaoning in the north and in Fujian, Guangdong, Yunnan and Sichuan in the south. To control for other factors that distinguish the north and south—such as climate, dialect and contact with herding cultures—the authors also analyzed differences between various neighboring counties in five central provinces along China’s rice－wheat border.‎ According to the authors, the influence of rice cultivation can help explain East Asia’s “strangely persistent interdependence”. For example, they say South Korea and Japan have ‎ remained less individualistic than Western countries, even as they’ve grown wealthier.‎ The authors aren’t alone in observing the influence various crops have on shaping culture. Malcolm Gladwell in his 2008 book Outliers also drew connections between a hard－working ethic (measured by a willingness to fill out long, boring questionnaires) and a historical tradition of rice cultivation in places such as South Korea and Japan, given that the farming of such crops is arguably an equally boring chore.‎ Title: How China’s North－South Divide Has Influence on (71)______ Personality ‎(72)______ in personality ‎●China’s northerners (73)______ on noodles, and they are thought of as hale, hearty and taller with more (74)______ and “analytic thought” as well as higher divorce rates ‎●On the contrary, the southerners prefer eating rice and have more “holistic thought” and lower divorce rates Reasons ‎●Planting rice needs twice more (75)______ than planting wheat ‎●Cultivating rice relies on irrigation system that requires neighbors to (76)______ well ‎●If you are over independent, you might (77)______ in the south ‎●If you are (78)______ in labor power, it is best to grow wheat in the north The Research ‎●The attitudes of 1，162 Han Chinese students were evaluated ‎●Other unrelated factors like climate, dialect and herding cultures were carefully (79)______‎ ‎●The result shows the influence of rice cultivation can result in more cooperation and explain East Asia’s “strangely persistent interdependence”‎ Another(80)______observation Malcolm Gladwell also found the influence crops have on culture in his 2008 book Outliers 第五部分：书面表达(满分25分)‎ 请阅读下面短文和表格，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。‎ The other day, BBC broadcast its documentary(纪录片) “Are Our Kids Tough Enough? — Chinese School”, in which the British and Chinese teaching styles competed against each other, with both sides tested after four weeks to see who comes out on top.‎ In this unique experiment, five Chinese teachers took over a British classroom with 50 teenagers aged 13 and 14 in a British school for one month and taught them in a typical Chinese way: no talking, no questions and experiencing the severe classroom discipline within an extended school－hour from 7 a. m. to 7 p. m. In the meantime, another group of students were guided in the British teaching style: free talking, free questioning, thinking for themselves and relaxing learning atmosphere.‎ At the end of the documentary, all the pupils took part in the same exams in a few subjects. Next is the result.‎ Mathematics Chinese Science Chinese style ‎67.74‎ ‎46.88‎ ‎58.33‎ British style ‎54.84‎ ‎36.46‎ ‎50‎ ‎　　Faced with the result, many netizens in Britain made a strong suggestion to their Education Minister that Britain should learn from China and adopt China’s educational style.‎ ‎【写作内容】 ‎ 假设英国教育部长正在向中国学生征询对上述建议的看法，请你给他写封信表达你的看法。‎ ‎1. 用约30个单词完成上文的概要。‎ ‎2. 用约120个单词发表你的观点，你应该 ‎(1) 阐述你对“英国教育该不该采用中国方式”的看法；‎ ‎(2) 用2～3个理由或论据支撑你的观点。‎ ‎【写作要求】 ‎ ‎1. 写作时不能直接引用原文语句。‎ ‎2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。‎ ‎【评分标准】 ‎ 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。‎ Dear Minister, ‎ ‎____‎ ‎____. It is said you are collecting opinions from Chinese students. The following is my view.‎ ‎____‎ Your sincerely，‎ A Chinese senior student 江苏省2017高考押题金卷 ‎ 英语答案解析 ‎【听力答案】‎ ‎1‎ A ‎2‎ A ‎3‎ B ‎4‎ C ‎5‎ B ‎6‎ C ‎7‎ A ‎8‎ A ‎9‎ C ‎10‎ B ‎11‎ C ‎12‎ B ‎13‎ B ‎14‎ C ‎15‎ A ‎16‎ A ‎17‎ B ‎18‎ A ‎19‎ C ‎20‎ B ‎21. C 考查代词。句意：《中国制造2025》倡议目标是将中国从制造业大国转变为由创新驱动、强调质量胜过数量的世界制造业强国。分析句子成分可知，空格处应为同位语，指代上文的a world manufacturing power，为泛指，故one符合题意。one表泛指，相当于a/an+名词，只能代替可数名词单数，既可代替事物也可代替人；而the one表特指。‎ ‎22. A 考查名词。句意：在11月11日，阿里巴巴在其电子商务平台淘宝网和天猫上销售了价值超过900亿元的商品，成为世界各地的头条新闻。worth意为“价值，用处”；sum意为“款项，金额”；value意为“价值，用处”，常与or而不是for搭配；profit意为“利润，收益，盈利”。‎ ‎23. C 考查定语从句。‎ 句意：年轻人可能喜欢雪和寒冬，但是对于我这种年纪的人来说，这样的天气是非常难熬的；雪会变成冰，很容易使人滑倒。people my age为固定短语，意为“我这种年纪的人，我的同龄人”。分号后含一个定语从句，先行词为ice，从句中缺少主语，结合句意可知which符合题意。‎ ‎24. B 考查副词。句意：中国不妨将增长率保持在百分之七以上。或者，为了营造健康的环境，将增长率设置在百分之六到百分之七之间。may as well意为“不妨；也好”。alternatively意为“或者，要不然，二者择一地”；differently意为“不同地，相异地”；according]y意为“因此，于是；照着，相应地”；conversely意为“相反地，颠倒地，反过来”。根据句意，B项最适合。‎ ‎25. D 考查时态。句意：“你还会再生一个孩子吗?”“还没决定呢。一整年来我们一直在考虑这件事情。”分析语境可知，思考是否再生一个孩子这一动作在过去的一年时间里是持续发生的，因此此处应该用现在完成进行时。‎ ‎26. C 考查非谓语动词和感叹句。句意：他听到恐怖分子袭击巴黎造成129人死亡以及数百人受伤的消息是多么地震惊啊!本题为感叹句，其陈述句形式为：He was shocked to hear the news that the terrorists attacked Paris. 1eavlng 129 dead and hundreds injured. be shocked to do sth. 为固定短语，意为“对……感到震惊”。‎ ‎27. D 考查定语从句。‎ 句意：门是开着的，从那里他可以看到外面的一切。分析句子成分可知，本题为非限制性定语从句。先行词为the door，从句中缺少状语，结合句意可知where符合题意。from where意义上相当于and from there·(从那儿)。‎ ‎28. B 考查动词短语。句意：世间最尴尬的事莫过于周围的人都被笑话逗得哄堂大笑，只有你还没发现笑点，尤其是如果这笑话用外语讲的话。burst out意为“突然开始，爆发”；break into意为“强行闯人”；yell out意为“喊出，大声叫喊”；fall into意为“开始；陷入(某种状态)；可分为，分成”。‎ ‎29. C 考查表语从句。‎ 句意：尽管常州的平均收入远远低于苏州，但是已经开始增长并且现在是2001年的三倍。分析句子成分可知，系动词is的后面为表语从句。在表语从句中，系动词was的后面缺少表语，结合句意可知what符合题意。‎ ‎30. D 考查动词。句意：拥有哥哥或姐姐可以保护青少年以免受到诸如孤独以及愧疚之类的消极情绪的伤害，但是他们因此必须学会妥协和控制自己的情绪。compromise意为“妥协，让步”；compete意为“竞争，参加比赛”；compensate意为“弥补，补偿”；comprehend意为“理解，领会”。‎ ‎31. B ‎ 考查反义疑问句。句意：“政府已经采取了措施来控制明年的房价，是吗？”“是的。我猜是这样的。”句中next year修饰the house prices，而不是整个句子的时间状语。“情态动词+have done”表示推测时，若句中没有明显的过去时间状语，问句部分动词用现在完成时形式，故选B。‎ ‎32. D 考查主谓一致。句意：人为错误而不是自然灾难要对这么多无辜的人在深圳一家工业园的山体滑坡中死亡负责。分析句子成分可知，本题为强调句，被强调部分为句子的主语。根据主语human errors可知本题的谓语动词为复数形式，故are to blame符合题意。be to blame for sth. 为固定短语，意为“对……负责，为……受到责备”。‎ ‎33. A 考查情态动词。句意：“我们首都的雾霾控制进展如何?”“再糟糕不过了。你简直难以置信北京昨天再次将雾霾警报从黄色升级到橙色然后再到红色。”will表意愿、将来、习惯性或者反复的动作。mustn’t意为“禁止”；needn’t意为“不需要，不必”；shouldn’t意为“不应该”。‎ ‎34. B 考查宾语从句和强调句。‎ 句意：“你能解释为什么中国足球队进人世界杯的尝试再次失败吗?”“对不起，但这是最后一次。我们会好好表现的。”分析句子成分可知，谓语动词explain的后面为宾语从句。宾语从句中缺少状语，结合句意可知why正确。同时宾语从句为强调句，其句型为It is/was+被强调部分+that+其他成分。此外，宾语从句部分要用陈述句语序，故why it is that符合题意。‎ ‎35. A 考查谚语。句意：“我仍然没有在写英语作文上取得任何进步。”“要从基础做起，循序渐进。既然你连单词都不理解，你怎么能够期待写出文章呢?”Learn to walk before you run意为“按部就班，循序渐进，先学走再学跑”；Practice makes perfect意为“熟能生巧”；Don’t put the cart before the horse意为“不要本末倒置”；Learn to fish but not just ask for fish意为“不只是为了得到鱼才学会捕鱼，技多不压身”。‎ 第二节 完形填空 ‎【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了作者夜间远足的经历。作者认为夜间远足与人生的旅程是相似的，虽然其中都充满着不确定性，但是只要我们放慢脚步、全神贯注、勇敢探索、无所畏惧，我们脚下的那片大地永远都是牢固而又坚实的。‎ ‎36. A 考查形容词。句意：但是石头和树根神奇地出现在了以前平坦的地面上。level意为“平的，平坦的；水平的，同高度的”；soft意为“软的，柔软的；温和的，柔和的”；wet意为“湿的，潮湿的”；hard意为“硬的，坚硬的；难做的，困难的”。‎ ‎37. C 考查动词。句意：当然我的脚趾会撞到或者绊在一些看不见的障碍上。trip意为“绊，绊倒”；step意为“踩，踏，跨步”；tour·意为“旅行，游览，参观”；go意为“去，走，离开”。‎ ‎38. D 考查动词。句意：由于昨晚的暴风雨而掉落的树枝在埋伏以待。lie意为“处于某种状态；躺，平卧；位于，坐落在”；stand意为“站立，耸立，矗立”；hang意为“吊，悬挂，垂下”；stain意为“玷污，染污”。lie in wait(for)为固定短语，意为“埋伏着等待”。‎ ‎39. B 考查动词。句意：层层的秋天的落叶形成了使我的信任的脚步陷入其中的假地板。sink意为“下陷，沉降；下沉，沉没”；break意为“打破，摔碎，折断”；walk意为“行走，散步”；remove意为“移走，搬动；去除，免除”。‎ ‎40. B 考查名词。根据上文的a piece of moon可知，有时月亮会给这条神秘的小径送来一丝光亮。light意为“光，光线，光亮”；coldness意为“寒冷；冷酷”；loneliness意为“孤独，寂寞”；courage意为“勇气，胆量”。 ‎ ‎41. C 考查形容词。句意：但是当天黑了，我往哪里走都没有视觉线索了。visual意为“视觉的，看得见的”；vague意为“模糊的，不清楚的”；typical意为“典型的，有代表性的”；conscious意为“意识到的，有知觉的”。 ‎ ‎42. A 考查动词。根据下文的we would not scare away the night creatures可知，我们的领队禁止使用强光手电，因此我们就不会吓跑我们希望发现的在夜间活动的动物。forbid意为“禁止，不准”；shine：意为“发光，照耀”；remove意为“移走，去除，”；collect意为“收集，收藏”。‎ ‎43. D 考查名词。句意：领队反复叮嘱我们:“用你的脚看路。” feet意为“脚”；eyes意为“眼睛”；toes意为“脚趾”；hands意为“手”。‎ ‎44. B 考查副词。句意：令人惊奇地是，那个建议起作用了。amazingly意为“令人惊奇地”；directly意为“直接地，径直地”；possibly意为“也许，可能地”；luckily意为“幸运地”。‎ ‎45. C ‎ 考查名词。句意：我们全神贯注、充满勇气地走着。此处是由and连接，填人的词与courage词性一致，意思相近。concentration意为“专心，专注，全神贯注”；contribution意为“贡献，捐赠”；appreciation意为“欣赏，重视；感激，感谢”；expectation意为“期待，期望，预期”。‎ ‎46. D 考查形容词。句意：没过多久我们的双脚就对地面的质地和崎岖不平开始敏感。sensitive意为“敏感的，灵敏的，有感觉的”；suspicious意为“猜疑的，怀疑的”；cautious意为“小心的，谨慎的”；tentative意为“试探性的，尝试性的；犹豫的，不确定的”。‎ ‎47. A 考查动词。根据下文的Holes and dips in the ground were detected可知，在相信双脚能够承受全部的重量之前，脚趾学会了去探测障碍。explore意为“探索，探测，勘察”；head意为“朝……行进”；clarify意为“阐明，澄清”；assess意为“评估，评价”。‎ ‎48. C 考查名词。句意：在可能跌倒之前，地面上的洞、坑都被发现了。in advance of意为“在……之前”；in need of意为“需要”；in search of意为“搜寻，寻找”；in spite of意为“尽管，虽然”。‎ ‎49. B 考查副词。句意：但是错误仍然发生。still意为“还是，仍然”；also意为“也，同样”；even意为“甚至”；ever意为“曾经”。‎ ‎50. C 考查形容词。由于步伐缓慢，除了自尊心我几乎没有受到任何伤害。slow意为“缓慢的，迟钝的”；rapid意为“快速的，迅速的”；mild意为“温和的，不强烈的；温暖的，和煦的”；gentle意为“轻柔的，徐缓的；温和的，和蔼的”。根据最后一段的slow down，concentration也可得出答案。‎ ‎51. B 考查副词。根据上文的and I fall可知，我一跌倒，我就停下来感受身下大地的坚实。down意为“倒下，向下”；up意为“起来，向上”；out意为“在外面”；away意为“离开，远离”。‎ ‎52. B 考查动词短语。句意：在回家的路上，天渐渐亮起，我思索着夜间远足和人生的旅程是多么的相似啊。make way for意为“给……让路”；make up for意为“弥补，补偿”；make use of意为“利用”；make sense of意为“理解，明白”。‎ ‎53. A 考查动词。句意：同样的规则对于两者都有效。work意为“奏效，起作用，产生效果”；apply意为“申请，应用”；answer意为“回答，答复”；suit意为“适合，适宜”。‎ ‎54. C 考查形容词。句意：放慢脚步，全神贯注，用新的感官“看”，不要害怕。scared意为“害怕的，恐惧的”；disappointed意为“失望的”；confused意为“糊涂的，困惑的”；annoyed意为“生气的，愤怒的”。‎ ‎55. D 考查名词。句意：尽管这条路充满着不确定性--隐藏的障碍、虚假的外表、潮湿的地面，但是脚下的大地却是牢固而又坚实的。uncertainty意为“不确定，无把握”；darkness意为“黑暗”；hopelessness意为“绝望”；anxiety意为“焦虑”。根据破折号后面的hidden barriers … wet floor可得出选D项。‎ 第三部分 阅读理解 A ‎【文章大意】本文是科普文，现实生活当中的树木却很难连根拔除，移植到别处。但科学家发现了最好的搬运工，让鸟类来帮我们播种，利用高效廉价的劳动力。这样一来，那些脆弱的橡树和松树也就有机会远走他乡。‎ ‎56. C 细节理解题。‎ ‎【关键句】第二段：And if that happens? Walnuts, hazelnuts, chestnuts, oaks, pines—many rely exclusively on so-called "scatter-hoarders," like birds, to move their hefty seeds to new locales. "Many members of the family Corvidae—the crows, jays and magpies—are scatter-hoarders, meaning they like to store food for the winter, which they then subsequently retrieve."‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第二段的内容可知：一些鸟类会将树木笨重的果实带到别的地方。他们平时喜欢囤积食物， 入冬后再拿来填饱肚子。 有些囤货，忘了，于是乎生根发芽，安居在老远 的地方。故选C项。‎ ‎57. B 词义猜测题。‎ ‎【关键句】第四段第二，三句：They also write that, as trees outgrow their ideal habitats in the face of climate change, or battle new insects and disease, these flying ecosystem engineers could ‎ be a big help replanting trees. It's a solution,‎ ‎【解题思路】根据划线后的可知如果树木理想的生长环境发生了气候变化或者病虫害，这些大自然的搬运工就会在移植的时候帮上大忙。故推知划线词表示被迫放弃的意思。故选B项。‎ ‎58. A 主旨大意题。‎ ‎【关键句】全文 ‎【解题思路】本文是科普文，现实生活当中的树木却很难连根拔除，移植到别处。但科学家发现了最好的搬运工，让鸟类来帮我们播种，利用高效廉价的劳动力。这样一来，那些脆弱的橡树和松树也就有机会远走他乡。故最佳答案是A项。‎ 附全文翻译：‎ 指环王中的树人族很轻易就能随处走动，但是 现实生活当中的树木却很难连根拔除，移植到 别处。来自康奈尔大学鸟类实验室的一位行为 生物学家表示，因为树是一种固着生物，树如 其名，根深蒂固，寸步难移。 ‎ 一旦一棵树开始在某个地方生长，周围的气候 就会变得适宜它的生长，比如温度、湿度、土 壤成分等等。要不然，它也不会从一棵树种长 成参天大树。但是，随着树龄增加，周围的环 境可能会发生改变，不再适宜播种育苗。 ‎ 那怎么办呢。很多树木，例如核桃、榛子、板 栗、橡树和松树，都单纯依赖于大自然的搬运 工，一些鸟类会将树木笨重的果实带到别的地 方。很多鸦科鸟类都是大自然的搬运工，比如乌鸦、松鸦、喜鹊，他们平时喜欢囤积食物， 入冬后再拿来填饱肚子。 当然，鸟类也会忘了自己还有囤货，这些种子 或许没被吃掉，于是乎生根发芽，安居在老远 的地方。美国西北部高山地带，生活着一种星 鸦，星鸦就是播种的好手。它们每年要收藏十 万颗种子，在搬离果树三十公里，而且它们和 一些松树共栖共生， 其中最出名的就是白皮松。‎ 生物学家在鸟类学期刊杂志上发表了一篇论 文，对星鸦及其鸦科近亲的播种行为进行了整 理归类。 文章指出，如果树木理想的生长环境发生了气候变化或者病虫害，这些大自然的搬运工就会在移植的时候帮上大忙。生物学家表示，这确 实是一个好办法，让鸟类来帮我们播种，利用高效廉价的劳动力。这样一来，那些脆弱的橡 树和松树也就有机会远走他乡 B ‎【文章大意】本文是关于种族歧视的议论文, 文章探讨了非洲血统的美国人被称为“黑人”和“非裔美国人”时人们的不同态度。‎ ‎59. A 细节理解题。‎ ‎【关键句】第四段第一句：The study's most striking findings shed light on the racial discriminations permeating the professional world.‎ ‎【解题思路】根据关键句可知研究最引人注目的发现揭示了种族歧视渗透职业界。故选A项。‎ ‎60. C 推理判断题。‎ ‎【关键句】第三段第一句：But if it was known that "Black" people were viewed differently from "African Americans," researchers, until now, hadn't identified what that gap in perception was derived from.‎ ‎【解题思路】根据上面的关键句可知但是，如果人们知道“黑人”与“非裔美国 人”有着不同的看法，那么研究人员到目前为 止还没有意识到这种差异是由何产生。故C项说在Erika Hall进行的研究之前，研究人员已经确定了种族歧视感知差距的原因。是不正确的。‎ ‎61. C 推理判断题。‎ ‎【关键句】第四段：The study's most striking findings shed light on the racial discriminations permeating the professional world. Even seemingly harmless details on a CV, it appears, can tap into recruiters'discriminations. A job application might mention affiliations（关系） with groups such as the "Wisconsin Association of African-American Lawyers" or the "National Black ‎ Employees Association," the names of which apparently have consequences, and are also beyond their members' control.‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第四段的研究最引人注目的发现揭示了种族歧视渗透 职业界。即使在简历，看似无害的细节似乎可以挖掘到招聘人员歧视。求职可能会提到与族群的关系如“威斯康星裔美国律师协会”或“全国黑人雇员协会”的名称显然有后果，也超出了他们的成员的控制。下一段举例受试者被简要地描述 了一个来自芝加哥的人，姓威廉姆斯的例子说明一个人的概念与这个人被贴上标签的方式有关系。故选C项。‎ ‎62. B 句意理解题。‎ ‎【关键句】最后一段：Hall's findings suggest there's an argument to be made for electing to use "African American," though one can't help but get the sense that it's a decision that papers over the urgency of continued progress. Perhaps a new phrase is needed, one that can bring everyone one big step closer to realizing Du Bois' original, idealistic hope: "It's not the name-it's the Thing that counts." ‎ ‎【解题思路】根据文章最后一段：也许一个新的阶段是必要的，一个能让大家更靠近实现杜波依斯原创的，理想主义的希望： 后面：不是名字重要，而是事情（价值）重要。 ”，他希望判断一个人不是根据名称而是根据这个人创造的价值来判断。故选B项。‎ ‎【长难句分析】‎ A recent study, conducted by Emory University's Erika Hall, found that "Black" people are viewed more negatively than "African Americans" because of a perceived difference in socioeconomic status.（第三段第二句）‎ 译文：埃默里大学的 Erika Hall 进行的一项最近的研究发现， “黑人”比“非洲裔美国人”更为消极，因为社会经济地位的差异。‎ 分析：本句是主从复合句。主句A recent study …found that…中含有动词过去分词作后置定语；found 的宾语从句中还有比较句型more…than…, 后面是because of 引导的原因状语。‎ C ‎【文章大意】这是一篇科普说明文。文章主要介绍多吃大蒜可以长寿。‎ ‎63. C 推理判断题。‎ ‎【关键句】Older garlic may be even healthier: But let’s leave the laboratory and go to the kitchen. Don’t throw out older garlic that has sprouted. You may have thought that garlic growing light green sprouts was past its prime or old and on its way to the trash bin.‎ ‎【解题思路】根据关键句可知：科学家在《农业与食品化学》杂志上报道说， 这种较老的大蒜比新鲜大蒜更有利于我们的身体。当研究人员测试了大蒜发芽了五天，他们发现它比新鲜大蒜的抗氧化活性较高。 故C项错误。‎ ‎64. A 段落大意题。‎ ‎【关键句】从空格处到Older garlic may be even healthier.：In a 2007 study, researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham studied….These researchers plan to continue their research. They published their findings in The Journal of Physiology.‎ ‎【解题思路】根据空格下面的几段内容的描写可知讲述的是有关对大蒜的很多研究。故选A项。‎ ‎65. D 文章来源题。‎ ‎【关键句】全文 ‎【解题思路】这是一篇科普说明文。文章主要介绍多吃大蒜可以长寿。 故有可能在有关健康的书籍上找到这本书，故选D项。‎ 附全文翻译 大蒜是世界上最常见的烹饪原料之一。在欧 洲，非洲，美洲和美洲的许多菜肴使用这种强 烈味道的蔬菜。 ‎ 大蒜是类似于其他灯泡状的植物， 包括洋葱、韭菜、韭菜和葱。但大蒜是特别的。几个世纪 以来，人们使用大蒜不仅用于烹饪，而且还用 于医学。 ‎ 一直以来大蒜用于药用。 ‎ 斯隆 - 凯特林癌症中心和康奈尔大学的研究 人员研究了大蒜的药用历史。 他们发现在埃及， 希腊，罗马，中国和印度大蒜的参考古籍。 ‎ 例如，在古代希腊和罗马，人们认为大蒜有 助于力量和耐力。 ‎ 原奥运运动员在希腊吃大蒜，以提高他们的 表现。古罗马人把大蒜喂给士兵和水手。‎ ‎ 在埃及建造金字塔的工人吃大蒜。事实上，这是整个早期历史的主题工人吃大蒜，以增加 他们的实力。 ‎ 中国的一些研究人员已经走的远，他们把硫 化氢叫做延长生命的钥匙。 ‎ 大蒜的研究！‎ ‎ 在 2007 项研究中， 阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校 的研究人员研究了大蒜是如何增加硫化氢的， 以及如何影响红细胞的。 ‎ David Kraus 领导这项研究。 ‎ 在 2013， 科学家终于能够看到这个过程发生。 达拉斯南卫理公会大学的化学家 Alexander Lippert 和 Vivian S. Lin 发现了如何在人类细胞观察这个过程。 他们的发现为进一步研究大蒜的健康益处和 体内硫化氢的产生打开了大门。 在宾夕法尼亚州立大学的 2015 个实验中， 研 究人员注射了一种能在健康年轻人的手臂中制 造硫化氢的溶液。他们想知道硫化氢对小面积 的血管有什么作用。 最初的发现是硫化氢扩大了血管，从而增加 了血液的流动。这些研究人员计划继续他们的 研究。 他们在生理学杂志上发表了他们的发现。 老大蒜可能更健康。 ‎ 但是我们离开实验室去厨房吧。不要扔掉旧的大蒜已发芽。你可能会认为，大蒜长绿芽是 过期了陈了，应该扔到垃圾桶了。 但不要那么快。 科学家在《农业与食品化学》杂志上报道说， 这种较老的大蒜比新鲜大蒜更有利于我们的身 体。当研究人员测试了大蒜发芽了五天，他们 发现它比新鲜大蒜的抗氧化活性较高。 ‎ 此外，为了充分发挥大蒜对健康的好处，不 要把它添加到食物或立即烹调。切割、粉碎或 切碎的大蒜释放出在植物中的健康的化合物。 但加热大蒜或添加到其他成分阻止这种健康化 合物的释放。 所以， 切割或粉碎或切碎的大蒜， 让它休息几分钟。所以，有什么缺点大蒜吗？好吧，大蒜对我 们有益的原因和菜肴的味道很好--硫的气味很 强--这也是我们口臭的原因。 但也有可能治愈。另一项研究发现，吃大蒜 后吃苹果或生菜会降低呼吸时强烈的大蒜味。‎ D ‎【文章大意】一项新的调查表明，超过 60%的加拿大儿童网站和应用程序可能会收集个人信息，并传递给第三方。‎ ‎66. D 推理判断题。‎ ‎【关键句】第五段：In an attempt to help kids better understand why their privacy matters, the Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada has created a lesson plan for kids in Grade 7 and 8 that explains the Global Privacy Enforcements Network and has kids conduct privacy reviews of their own.‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第五段可知：为了帮助孩子更好地了解为什么他们的隐私 问题，对加拿大隐私专员办公室为 7 年级和 8， 年级的孩子制作了一个上课教案，解释全球隐 私执法网络和让孩子进行自己的隐私评论。‎ 上面第二段用大量的数字来证明孩子们的私人信息应该被注意，被保护。故选D项。‎ ‎67. A 细节理解题。‎ ‎【关键句】第三段第二句：She praised both Family.ca and Lego.com for their message boards that did not allow users to post personal information, and noted that santasvillage. ca asked users to provide their full name and email address.‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第三段的第二句可知她赞扬 family.ca 和 lego.com 他们的留言板， 不允许用 户发布个人信息，并指出 santasvillage。CA 要 求用户提供他们的全名和电子邮件地址。故family.ca 和 lego.com，没有要求孩子提供他们个人信息。故选A项。‎ ‎68. D 推理判断题。‎ ‎【关键句】第四段第三句： It’s our usual practice after conducting a sweep to write a number of companies to point out the things that we’ve seen, to sometimes ask that things be changed, and on the whole the companies react positively to these requests.” Therrien added. ‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第四段的关键句可知专员 Daniel Therrien 说，公 司要知道结果。 “我们的惯例是指出我们所看到 的东西，有时要求改变一些东西，并在全公司 积极回应这些请求。故D项正确。‎ ‎69. B 推理判断题。‎ ‎【关键句】第六段的“We know that companies are not the only ones responsible for the protection of kids’ privacy.” Therrien said.“ Parents and teachers obviously have a role. We have a role, particularly in the area of increasing awareness of privacy issues among the public.”‎ ‎【解题思路】根据关键句可知“我们知道，公司不是负责孩子的隐私保护 的唯一责任人。 ”塞里恩说。 “家长和教师有明 显的作用。我们有一个角色，特别是在该地区的公众隐私意识越来越大的地区。”保护孩子的隐私也是我们成人做出一份努力。故选B项 。‎ ‎70. B 推理判断题。‎ ‎【关键句】最后一段的第一句：Johnson explained that in addition to educating themselves on the issue, the best thing parents could do to protect children’s privacy online is to educate kids on the importance the function of their personal data.‎ ‎【解题思路】翰逊解释说， 在这个问题上除了教育自己， 家长可以做的最好的事情是保护儿童的在线隐 私，教育孩子其个人数据功能的重要性。可知他认为父母应该让孩子知道自己的隐私的重要性。故选B项。‎ 第四部分 任务型阅读 ‎【语篇导读】据报道，在中国，北方人吃面，南方人吃米，研究发现，这一差别造成了巨大的个性差异。以面食为主的北方人更独立，离婚率更高。相比之下，爱吃米的南方人更多地表现出东亚文化的传统品质，离婚率更低。据该研究的作者称，这是因为种植大米比种植小麦要难得多，需要邻里的协作，导致南方人的个人主义意识较弱，集体主义意识较强。‎ ‎71. Shaping 根据文章第一段的The north eats noodles, while the south eats rice-and according to new research, when if comes to personality, that difference has meant everything以及最后一段的The authors aren’t alone in observing the influence various crops have on shaping culture可知，北方人吃面，而南方人吃米，并且根据最新的研究，吃米吃面会导致个性差异，而且作者们不单单观察了不同的作物对文化的影响。本文主要讲述了南北差异如何对个性的塑造产生影响。根据shaping culture可知Shaping符合题意。‎ ‎72. Difference(s)/Distinction(s) 根据文章第一段的In China, as in many countries, the north-south divide runs deep以及The north eats noodles. while the south eats rice-and according to new research, when it comes to personality, that difference has meant everything可知，就像在许多国家那样，在中国，南方和北方有很大的不同。北方人吃面，而南方人吃米，并且根据最新的研究，吃米吃面会导致个性差异。由此可知，本部分主要讲述了南方人和北方人的个性差异。故Difference(s)/Distinction(s)符合题意。‎ ‎73. feed(1ive) 根据文章第一段的The north eats noodles, while the south eats rice可知，北方人吃面，而南方人吃米。根据eats noodles可知feed(1ive)正确。feed/live on sth.为固定短语，意为“以……为食”。‎ ‎74. independence 根据文章第二段的A study published Friday by a group of psychologists in the journal Science finds that China’s noodle-slurping northerners are more independent, show more “analytic thought” and divorce more frequently可知，一个心理学家小组在周五的《科学杂志》上发表了一项研究：中国吃面的北方人更多的是个人主义，展现出“分析思路”并且离婚更频繁。根据more independent可知independence符合题意。‎ ‎75. 1abor 根据文章第三段的They require careful tending and many hours of labor-by sonic estimates, twice as much as wheat可知，根据一些统计，种植水稻需要精心的照料和数小时的劳动力，是小麦(耗费的)两倍。根据many hours of labor可知labor正确。‎ ‎76. cooperate 根据文章第三段的as well as reliance on irrigation systems that require neighborly cooperation可知，种植水稻还需依赖那种靠邻里间合作起作用的灌溉系统。根据neighborly’ cooperation可知cooperate符合题意。‎ ‎77. starve根据文章第三段的As the authors write, for southerners growing rice, “strict self-reliance might have meant starvation”可知，正如作者所写的那样，对于种植大米的南方人来说，过分的独立耕种可能意味着挨饿。根据might have meant starvation司知starve正确。‎ ‎78. 1acking(weak) 根据文章第四段的One Chinese farming guide from the 1600s quoted in the study advised aspiring farmers that “if one is short of labor power, it is best to grow wheat. ”可知，研究中引用了17世纪给有抱负的农民的一个中国种植经验“如果一个农民缺乏劳动力，那他最好去种小麦。”根据short of labor power可知lacking(weak)符合题意。be lacking in为固定短语，意为“缺乏，短缺”；be weak in为固定短语，意为“在……方面弱、差”。‎ ‎79. controlled 根据文章第五段的To control for other factors that distinguish the north and south-such as climate, dialect and contact with herding cultures-the authors also analyzed differences between various neighboring counties in five centralprovinces along China’s rice-wheat border可知，为了控制会导致南北方差异的其他因素，如：气候，方言和与传统文化的联系，作者们也分析了位于中国种植大米和小麦地区周边的五个中心省里的不同县城之问的差异。根据To control for other factors司知controlled正确。‎ ‎80. similar(related, relevant) 根据文章最后一段的Malcolm Gladwell in his 2008 book “‘Outliers” also drew connections between a hard-working ethic (measured by a willingness to fill out long, boring questionnaires) and a historical tradition of rice cultivation in places such as South Korea and Japan, given that the farming of such crops is arguably an equally boring chore可知，麦尔坎·葛拉威尔在他2008年出版的《异常数据》中也把勤劳的职业道德(通过是否愿意填写繁杂无聊的问卷测出)和一些地方(如：韩国和日本)种植大米的历史传统联系 起来，发现：种植这些作物可以说等同于无聊的事情。根据also drew connections可知，2008年出版的《异常数据》里有又一相似的或相关的观察。故similar(related，relevant)符合题意。‎ 第五部分 书面表达 ‎【参考范文】‎ Dear Minister, ‎ I hear that many people in your country are suggesting Britain’s education system should follow China’s after a BBC documentary, which reported a 4-week experiment ending up with Chinese teaching methods defeating British ones. It is said you are collecting opinions from Chinese students. The following is my view. ‎ ‎ Personally, I strongly advise you forget Chinese style of education. On one hand, Chinese students wining in test scores is in fact at the cost of their creative abilities and autonomy in learning. As a matter of fact, many of my classmates could do nothing without teachers’ and parents’ help，let alone make great innovations in their later life. On the other hand, Chinese students are suffering from a severe lack of sleep and good health, all due to the pursuit of a high score in numerous tests. Without a healthy body, nothing is meaningful. Do you really want young Britons to spend 15 to 16 hours a day on study?‎ ‎ Therefore, dear Minister, you should think twice if you decide to follow that suggestion. ‎ Yours sincerely, ‎ A Chinese Senior Student