2021届新高考英语人教版一轮考评训练：：话题十三　文化习俗与传统节日（B）

2021届新高考英语人教版一轮考评训练：：话题十三　文化习俗与传统节日（B）

www.ks5u.com 话题十三　文化习俗与传统节日(B)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 ‎　　　　　　　　　　　‎ A ‎[2020·桂林市贺州市调研]This weekend saw one of the biggest street parties in the world take over London, with crowds of around a million people flooding the streets with a sea of music, song and laughter. The Notting Hill Carnival is recognized as the largest street party in Europe. Many people from across the globe join together every summer to celebrate the many cultures of England's capital. The smiles and dancing do not stop all weekend.‎ ‎ The festival began in 1966 — around 1,000 people attended — and began as a way to encourage unity between the various groups. Creator Rhaune Laslett, herself half nativeAmerican, half Russian, planned the first gathering in 1966, after being inspired by a vision(设想). “I could see the streets crowded with people in brightly colored costumes. They were dancing and following bands and they were happy. Men, women, children, black, white, brown, were all laughing，” she told The Caribbean Times in 1989.‎ ‎ “We felt that although West Indians, Africans, the Irish and many other nationalities all live in a very crowded area, there is very little communication between us，” she explained in an interview in 1966, shortly after the first carnival took place.‎ ‎ During the festival, participants find themselves in a space of music, color and creativity which brings about the emotion of joy and encourages the freedom to express themselves. When a million people can come together for one weekend of eating, laughter and music, they will forget about life's troubles for 48 hours.‎ ‎1．People come to London to celebrate the festival because it is a capital with ________.‎ A．music, songs and dances B．many foreign visitors C．different ideas, beliefs and customs D．streets and buildings of unique styles ‎2．How long is it since the festival began to be held?‎ A．23 years. B．48 years.‎ C．53 years. D．100 years.‎ ‎3．Rhaune Laslett planned the gathering because she thought ‎ ________.‎ A．people from different countries should stick to their own culture.‎ B．people lived in the same area but they didn't know each other well.‎ C．people lived together because they hadn't other places to live in.‎ D．people lived together because they liked the crowded area.‎ ‎4．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?‎ A．People live an unpleasant life for lack of the emotion of joy.‎ B．People's life is full of troubles and they refuse any entertainment.‎ C．People's purpose of joining in the festival is to express themselves.‎ D．People can relax and enjoy themselves during the festival.‎ B ‎[2020·济南高三模拟]Can I talk about salary at work? In a word: yes. As the HR company Insperity put it in a recent blog post: Can your employees discuss their salaries or wages with their coworkers? Yes. Even if you have a company policy against it? Yes.‎ ‎ The freedom to discuss your salary at work is a protected right under the labor law. The National Labor Relations Act of 1935 protects your right to discuss the conditions of your employment, including issues related to safety and pay, even when you're not protected by a union.‎ ‎ Talking about salary with colleagues can be uncomfortable, since there's such a taboo about discussing money matters, but it's an important step towards achieving equal pay for equal work. One barrier, however, stems from how we think of our own financial worth. Too many people I talk to wrongly consider their salary a reflection of their worthiness, a statement about their skills, experience, or value. At the end of the day, if we can all separate our selfworth from our salaries a bit more, it'll become easier to talk frankly with our colleagues.‎ ‎ Asking about money outright can be tough, so one trick I've picked up along the way is to ask for your colleagues to confirm or deny. For instance, you might volunteer your salary first and ask “Does that sound right to you？” by way of comparison. Or, let's say you're interviewing for a promotion to become a manager. You might ask a fellow manager about the kind of salary you should expect by saying, “I'm seeing salaries for this kind of position ranging from $ 65,000 to $ 70,000 — does that seem accurate to you？” This way, even if your colleague isn't comfortable sharing their salary outright, they can help you identify if your expectations are appropriate.‎ ‎5．What makes coworkers uncomfortable to talk about salaries?‎ A．The safety issue.‎ B．The labor law.‎ C．The wrong idea about salaries.‎ D．The reflection of their worthiness.‎ ‎6．What does “taboo” underlined in Paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A．A prohibited practice. B．A firm belief.‎ C．A general agreement. D．A social custom.‎ ‎7．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4?‎ A．One of my interview experiences.‎ B．My way of asking about money.‎ C．The method of raising questions.‎ D．An example of getting promoted.‎ ‎8．What can be the best title for the text?‎ A．How to Discuss Salaries at Work B．Ways of Talking about Salaries C．Do Salaries Stand for Selfworth?‎ D．Can Salaries be Talked about at Work?‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎[2020·山东省、湖北省部分重点中学联考]‎ Little Etiquette(礼仪) Rules for Flying on an Airplane ‎ Being a polite passenger starts with just a few easy steps.‎ ‎ Help your fellow traveler ‎ __1__， offer to lift a fellow passenger's up there, too. Not only is it kind, but it could make the boarding process more efficient for everyone else.‎ ‎ Keep your personal things, well, personal ‎ It's important to be mindful of your personal belongings. __2__， as you walk down the aisles(过道), by keeping it in front of you and close to your body. And once you sit down, you should stay there, and make sure you have everything you will need for the flight once you settle in your seat. Reaching over other passengers to access the overhead storage during the flight is uncomfortable for everyone.‎ ‎ __3__‎ In the narrow space of an airplane, maintaining your personal space will go a long way towards making a smoother ride for everyone. Let the middleseat passenger use the armrests(it's the least you can do), and keep your legs within the width of the chair frame.‎ ‎ Be willing to swap seats with a family ‎ Airlines sometimes reserve certain seats for special passengers or charge extra fees for adjacent(毗连的) ones, making it tough for family members to buy seats together. __4__， offer to switch seats so that a family can sit beside each other; it's a kind gesture that they won't forget. __5__， as switching seats while everyone is boarding can be an ‎ inconvenience for those standing in the walkways.‎ ‎　A．If you're traveling alone B．If they avoid eye contact C．Avoid bringing smelly food D．Respect your (limited) space E．Avoid hitting other passengers with your bag F．While you're loading your carryon bag into the overhead space G．But be sure to delay swapping until the plane has reached the safe altitude Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎[2020·安徽五校联盟第二次检测]Dragon Headsraising Day, 1.________ falls each year on the second day of the second lunar month, is one of the Chinese traditional festivals. As the proverb goes, “The dragon is awake, 2.________ (raise) its head.” On this day, dragons, a prominent totem(图腾) in Chinese culture raise 3.________(they) heads with the sound of thunder. Around this time, the earth 4.________ (burst) with life. Grass and trees are beginning to shoot up. In ancient China, people 5.________(pray) beside a river or a lake for the precious spring rain to breed their crops.‎ ‎ 6.________ (tradition), food eaten on this day was renamed after parts of the dragon. For instance, wontons were called “dragon's eyes”. The special 7.________ (food) usually eaten on this day include dragon's scales, popcorn and pig's heads.‎ ‎ In Shanxi, people get their hair 8.________ (cut) in a symbolic move to remove the old and embrace the new. In 9.________ countryside in Hebei Province, people would fetch water from a well at dawn. It was believed 10.________ on this day the well was full of dragon eggs which would bring the collector a good harvest.‎ 话题十三　文化习俗与传统节日(B)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 体裁：说明文　题材：节日活动　主题：伦敦诺丁山狂欢节 ‎【文章大意】　本文介绍了英国伦敦诺丁山狂欢节的起源以及活动的内容等。‎ ‎ 【难句分析】　This weekend saw one of the biggest street parties in the world take over London, with crowds of around a million people flooding the streets with a sea of music, song and laughter.‎ ‎ 分析：“with crowds of around a million people... and laughter”为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，在句子中作伴随状语。‎ ‎ 译文：这个周末见证了世界上最大的街头派对之一席卷伦敦，大约100万人涌上街头，大量音乐、歌曲和笑声涌来。‎ ‎1．答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Many people from across the globe join together every summer to celebrate the many cultures of England's capital”可知，人们之所以到伦敦庆祝这一节日是因为伦敦是一个多元文化的城市，各种不同的观念与风俗在这里聚集。故选C。‎ ‎2．答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句中的“The festival began in 1966”可知，该狂欢节已经有53年的历史了。故选C。‎ ‎3．答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“We felt that...all live in a very crowded area, there is very little communication between us”可知，Rhaune Laslett之所以计划这种聚会是因为她看到，虽然很多不同国家的人生活在这样一个狭小的区域里，但是人们之间的交流非常少。故选B。‎ ‎4．答案与解析：D　考查段落大意。根据最后一段中的“which brings about the emotion of joy and encourages the freedom to express themselves...they will forget about life's troubles for 48 hours”可知，本段讲述的是该狂欢节的作用，即人们在该狂欢节中可以暂时从生活的麻烦中解脱出来，短暂地放松一下、尽情享乐。故选D。‎ B 体裁：议论文　题材：社会生活　主题：谈论薪金 ‎【文章大意】　该文主要讨论了是否可以在工作中谈论薪金的问题。‎ ‎ 【难句分析】　 Talking about salary with colleagues can be uncomfortable, since there's such a taboo about discussing money matters, but it's an important step towards achieving equal pay for equal work.‎ 分析：本句是一个复合句。“Talking about salary with colleagues”‎ 是动名词短语作第一个分句的主语；since引导原因状语从句。‎ 译文：和同事谈论薪金会让人不舒服，因为谈论钱的事情是一个禁忌，但是这是朝着实现同工同酬目标迈进的重要一步。‎ ‎5．答案与解析：C　考查推理判断。根据第三段第二句“One barrier, however, stems from how we think of our own financial worth”和对第三段的整体理解可推知，对薪金的错误看法导致同事间谈论薪金时感到不舒服。‎ ‎6．答案与解析：A　考查词义猜测。根据第三段第一句中的“Talking about salary with colleagues can be uncomfortable”可知，和同事谈薪金让人不舒服，并结合常识可推知，谈论钱的事情是一个禁忌，故选A。‎ ‎7．答案与解析：B　考查主旨大意。根据语境可知，第四段第一句“Asking about money outright can be tough, so one trick I've picked up along the way is to ask for your colleagues to confirm or deny”点出了本段要谈论的主题，并结合对本段的整体理解可推知，本段主要讲的是询问关于薪金的事情的方法。‎ ‎8．答案与解析：D　考查标题判断。本文第一段第一句“Can I talk about salary at work？”点出了要谈论的话题，并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讨论了是否可以在工作中谈论薪金的问题。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 体裁：说明文　题材：社会生活　主题：做一个有礼貌的乘客 ‎【文章大意】　本文为一篇说明文，主要介绍了在飞机上做一个有礼貌的乘客的几个简单的方法。‎ ‎1．答案与解析：F　根据后面的“offer to lift a fellow passenger's up there, too”中的there, too可知，当你把随身行李放进头顶上方的行李架时，你也可以主动提出帮同行的乘客把行李放上去。故选F项。‎ ‎2．答案与解析：E　根据小标题Keep your personal things, well, personal和空后的“as you walk down the aisles(过道), by keeping it in front of you and close to your body”可知，当你在过道上走的时候，把它放在你前面，靠近你的身体。此处it指的是E项中的“your bag”，E项“避免你的包撞到其他乘客”符合语境。‎ ‎3．答案与解析：D　根据下文提到的“在狭小的机舱里，保持你的个人空间十分有助于每个人有一个更顺利的旅行。让中间座位的乘客使用扶手(这是你最起码能做的)，并保持你的腿放在椅子框架的宽度之内”可知，本段主要讲尊重你有限的空间。故D项适合作此处的小标题。‎ ‎4．答案与解析：A　根据前句“Airlines sometimes reserve certain seats for special passengers or charge extra fees for adjacent(毗邻的)ones, making it tough for family members to buy seats together”‎ ‎(航空公司有时会为特殊乘客预留某些座位，或者对相邻的座位收取额外费用，这使得家庭成员很难购买在一起的座位)，再结合空后的“offer to switch seats so that a family can sit beside each other”(主动提出调换座位，让一家人坐在一起)可知，空处应是描述你能够跟别人调换座位的前提，故A项“如果你是独自一人旅行”符合语境。‎ ‎5．答案与解析：G　根据小标题Be willing to swap seats with a family中的swap和下文解释的原因“as switching seats while everyone is boarding can be an inconvenience for those standing in the walkways”可知，此处指的是“但请务必直到飞机到达安全高度之后再交换座位”，故选G项。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 体裁：说明文　题材：节日风俗　主题：农历二月二的传统风俗 ‎ 【文章大意】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了农历二月二时中国的传统风俗。‎ ‎1．答案与解析：which　考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“Dragon Headsraising Day”，空处在从句中作主语，故用which引导该定语从句。‎ ‎2．答案与解析：raising　考查非谓语动词。该句主语“The dragon”和动词raise为逻辑上的主谓关系，此处作伴随状语，故用其现在分词形式。‎ ‎3．答案与解析：their　考查代词。空处修饰后面的名词“heads”，故用形容词性物主代词their，表示“他们的头”。‎ ‎4．答案与解析：is bursting　考查固定用法。根据常识并结合语境可知，大概就是这个时候，大地生机勃勃。此处考查固定用法be bursting with sth.，表示“充满某物”；且该句主语为“the earth”，为第三人称单数，且此处叙述的为客观情况，故谓语动词用is。故填is bursting。‎ ‎5．答案与解析：would pray/prayed　考查动词的时态。该处可以看成在古代人们在二月二将要做的动作，故用过去将来时；根据该句的时间状语“In ancient China”可知，该处陈述的是发生在中国古代的事情，故也可用一般过去时。‎ ‎6．答案与解析：Traditionally　考查副词。空处修饰整个句子，故用其副词形式。‎ ‎7．答案与解析：foods　考查名词的单复数。根据该句中的“include dragon's scales, popcorn and pig's heads”可知，这一天人们吃多种食物，且谓语动词“include”为复数，故空处用food的复数形式。‎ ‎8．答案与解析：cut　考查固定用法。分析该句结构可知，此处考查固定用法get sth. done，表示“使某事发生”。‎ ‎9．答案与解析：the　考查冠词。根据语境可知，该处特指“‎ 河北的乡下”，故用定冠词the。‎ ‎10．答案与解析：that　考查主语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句中的“It”为形式主语，真正主语是空处引导的主语从句；且该从句为陈述句，故用that引导该主语从句。‎