高中英语Unit2Cloning练习 人教版选修8

高中英语Unit2Cloning练习 人教版选修8

Section Ⅲ　Learning about Language & Using Language 课时作业 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 ‎1．They decided to postpone the trip, owing (owe) to the change of the weather. ‎ ‎2．If his spare time was set aside for relaxation，the old man was bound to have a healthy life. ‎ ‎3．He struck (strike)the table a heavy blow with his fist then. ‎ ‎4．She was removing dust from the carpet by beating (beat)it. ‎ ‎5．The firm has overcome its resistance (resist)to new technology. ‎ ‎6．Susan had a sweet tooth and couldn't resist stopping (stop)by the candy shop on her way home. ‎ ‎7．Roads in this mountain area used to be in poor condition；people found it hard to travel here. ‎ ‎8．I agree to his suggestion on condition that he drops all charges. ‎ ‎9．Li Na's success has aroused new interest in tennis in China，which has also brought about a debate among fans，tennis players and experts. ‎ ‎10．Heavy floods struck (strike) the South last week, causing great damage to the local people. ‎ Ⅱ. 单句改错 ‎1. It is quite bother to us.bother前加a ‎2．He is a successful businessman；he owes his success more luck than to ability.more后加to ‎3．I hold the firm belief that you are bound to achieving your dream of being admitted to a key university.achieving→achieve ‎4．It struck to me that losing the chance might be the worst thing.去掉to ‎5．You should try to keep the car in a good condition.去掉a Ⅲ. 阅读理解 A Scientists have never known for sure whether dinosaurs were warmblooded animals，like mammals and birds, or coldblooded, like reptiles and fish. A recent study shows that in fact, many dinosaurs might not have belonged to ‎ 6‎ either category (类别) but instead have fallen somewhere in the middle. ‎ Warmblooded animals have bodies that are able to make their own heat. Their body temperatures stay about the same whether it is hot or cold outside. Coldblooded animals cannot make their own heat, so their body temperatures depend on how warm the outside temperature is. Warmblooded animals have much more active lifestyles than coldblooded ones. ‎ When scientists first discovered the bones of ancient dinosaurs in the 1800s, they were sure the huge creatures must have been slow. But as scientists found more bones of smaller, quicker dinosaurs, like Velociraptor, they realized that the creatures may have been much more active than they had thought. ‎ A team of biologists began to examine. They knew that warmblooded animals grow faster than coldblooded ones. The researchers realized they could determine whether a dinosaur had been warmblooded or coldblooded by finding its growth rate. ‎ The scientists examined the growth rings in bones from 21 different dinosaur species. The width of these growth rings showed how much the dinosaurs grew each year, much like the rings in a tree trunk (树干) do. ‎ ‎“Our results showed that dinosaurs had growth rates that were actually not characteristic of warmblooded or coldblooded animals，” said Brian Enquist, a scientist on the research team. “They did not act like mammals or birds, nor did they act like reptiles or fish. ” Instead, dinosaurs fell somewhere in between. Scientists call these middleoftheroad creatures “mesotherms”．‎ Being mesotherms gave dinosaurs several advantages. They were faster and stronger than reptiles that had to rely on the sun for warmth. Being somewhat coldblooded had its benefits too. Coldblooded animals burn energy more slowly. So they need much less food to live than warmblooded animals. “It is doubtful that a lion the size of T．rex could eat enough to survive，” explains John Grady, another biologist on the research team. By being mesothermic，the dinosaurs could be both fast and big. ‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是说明文。研究表明恐龙既不是恒温动物也不是变温动物。‎ ‎1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?‎ A．The advantages of coldblooded animals. ‎ B．The disadvantages of warmblooded animals. ‎ C．The differences between warmblooded and coldblooded animals. ‎ D．The advantages of both warmblooded and coldblooded animals. ‎ 6‎ 解析：选C　段落大意题。第二段主要讲了恒温动物和变温动物在体温调节和生活方式方面的差异。故C项正确。‎ ‎2．According to the text, dinosaurs like Velociraptor________. ‎ A．were bigger than the first discovered dinosaurs B．made scientists reconsider dinosaurs' behavior C．moved slower than the first discovered dinosaurs D．proved scientists were right about dinosaurs' behavior 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But as scientists found more bones of smaller, quicker dinosaurs, like Velociraptor, they realized that the creatures may have been much more active than they had thought. ”可知，这种又小又快的恐龙的发现使科学家开始重新考虑恐龙的行为习性。‎ ‎3．It can be inferred that mesotherms grow ________. ‎ A．as slowly as coldblooded animals B．as fast as warmblooded animals C．slower than coldblooded animals D．slower than warmblooded animals 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“warmblooded animals grow faster than coldblooded ones”及第六段中的“dinosaurs fell somewhere in between... mesotherms”可推断，类似恐龙这样的动物比恒温动物生长得慢。‎ ‎4．The text is mainly about ________. ‎ A．how dinosaurs disappeared B．the growth areas of dinosaurs C．the appearance and behavior of dinosaurs D．whether dinosaurs were warmblooded or coldblooded animals 解析：选D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要是介绍关于恐龙是恒温动物还是变温动物的研究。首段末句是主题句。‎ B ‎(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)‎ Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers. ‎ A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0～25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward. ‎ Here's how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the ‎ 6‎ team, described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example. ‎ After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination. ‎ When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate (低估) a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value—sometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction (小部分) of the smaller number to it. ‎ ‎“This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains，” Dr. Livingstone says. “But in this experiment what they're doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one. ”‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。研究人员通过让三只恒河猴触摸屏幕两侧的不同数字(左侧为单个数字，右侧为圆圈内两个数字)对其进行研究，结果发现：猴子会算数。‎ ‎5．What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them?‎ A．They fed them. B．They named them. ‎ C．They trained them. D．They measured them. ‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段内容“A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols...with 0～25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested...”可知，实验开始前，研究人员先对猴子进行训练。‎ ‎6．How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?‎ A．By drawing a circle. B．By touching a screen. ‎ C．By watching videos. D．By mixing two drinks. ‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice...”可知，猴子通过触摸屏幕得到奖励。‎ 6‎ ‎7．What did Livingstone's team find about the monkeys?‎ A．They could perform basic addition. ‎ B．They could understand simple words. ‎ C．They could memorize numbers easily. ‎ D．They could hold their attention for long. ‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination”可知，研究人员注意到猴子超过一半的时间都会去触摸更高的数值，表明它们在进行计算，而不仅仅是记住每个组合的值，由此可推知，猴子会进行简单的加法计算。‎ ‎8．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? ‎ A．Entertainment. B．Health. ‎ C．Education. D．Science. ‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。本文主要介绍了科学家们对恒河猴进行的有关数字计算的科学实验，应出现在报纸的科学专栏中。‎ Ⅳ. 七选五 Everyone can benefit from making an effort to practice gratitude(感激) every day. The following three steps can help you start feeling more grateful, and appreciative of the good things in your life. ‎ Notice the Good Things in Your Life ‎ 1 Pay attention to the small everyday details of your life—nature, people, community, shelter, creature comforts like a warm bed or a good meal. And then start a gratitude journal. Making a commitment to writing down good things each day makes it more likely that we will notice good things as they happen. ‎ Enjoy the Feeling of Gratitude There are moments when you naturally, right then and there, feel filled with gratitude. These are moments when you say to yourself，“Oh，wow, this is amazing！” or “How great this is！” Pause. 2 Let it sink in. Enjoy your blessings the moment they happen. ‎ Express Gratitude Expressing gratitude is more than being polite. 3 Show your appreciation to someone who really did something nice. Say：“It was really kind of you to...”，“ You did me a big favor when...” or “Thank you for being there when...”. 4 Hold the door open for the person behind you, even if it means waiting a little longer ‎ 6‎ than you normally would. ‎ True gratitude doesn't leave you feeling like you owe other people something—after all, if you've done someone a favor, you probably don't want the person to feel like you expect something back in return. 5 ‎ A．It's about showing your heartfelt appreciation. ‎ B．Notice and absorb that feeling of true gratitude. ‎ C．You can also express gratitude by doing a kindness. ‎ D．It's all about feeling good and creating a cycle of good. ‎ E．Start to notice and identify the things you are grateful for. ‎ F．Help someone without letting the person find out it was you. ‎ G．It's amazing what you notice when you focus on feeling grateful. ‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了帮助人们感受生活中的美好事物的三个步骤。‎ ‎1．解析：选E　依据本段的标题“留心生活中美好的事情”可知，选E “开始留心并确定你要感恩的事情”。‎ ‎2．解析：选B　由第三段的标题Enjoy the Feeling of Gratitude和空前的举例可知，B项中的“that feeling of true gratitude”与之呼应。‎ ‎3．解析：选A　本段的标题是表达感恩，此处是说表达感恩不仅仅有礼貌，而且它表达了你衷心的感谢。A项中的It指代上文的“Expressing gratitude”。‎ ‎4．解析：选C　由下文的“Hold the door open for the person behind you”可知，你也可以为他人做一个友好的举动来表达你的感恩。‎ ‎5．解析：选D　依据上文可知，你帮助他人时，不期待他人对你的回报，D项中的creating a cycle of good“创造一个善行的循环”，符合语境。‎ 6‎