2019届二轮复习单句语法填空汇总课件（120张）

2019届二轮复习单句语法填空汇总课件（120张）

2019 届二轮复习 单句语法填空 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1．Have____good time! 解析：have a good time玩得开心。 2．Life is like ____ ocean: Only ____ strong－willed can reach the other shore. 解析：第一个空表示泛指，且ocean以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an；形容词前用定冠词表示一类人，the strong－willed意为“意志坚强的人”。 3．I can't tell you ____ way to the Wilson's because we don't have ____ Wilson here in the village. 解析：way后有介词短语作定语，表特指，所以第一空填定冠词the；泛指“一个名叫Wilson的人”，第二空填不定冠词a。 4．____ village where I was born has grown into ____ town. 解析：village后有定语从句修饰，是特指，故第一空填定冠词；泛指“一座城镇”，故第二空填不定冠词a。 5．Every time there was____outbreak，a great number of terrified people died. 解析：there was＋可数名词单数，且“outbreak”以元音音素开头，故用an。 语法查漏 --- 冠词 6．____ news of the mayor's coming to our school for a visit was given out on the radio yesterday. 解析：句意为：市长来我们学校参观的新闻昨天通过收音机发布了。名词news后有介词短语修饰，起限定作用，表特指，故填the。 7．In Germany, ____ successful project, which roughly translates as “adopt a grandparent”， has been running with a great success. 解析：句意为：在德国，一个名为“领养祖父母”的项目已成功运行。project为单数可数名词，此处意为“一个成功的项目”，表泛指。故填不定冠词a。 8．—Mom, why can't I have ____ new bike? —Dear, you know, money doesn't grow on trees. 解析：句意为：——妈妈，我为什么不能要一辆新自行车？——亲爱的，你要知道，赚钱可不是件容易的事。bike为单数可数名词，是首次提到，此处表泛指，故用不定冠词a。 9．____ wish always remains unrealistic that you can come first in the final exam when you make no efforts at all. 解析：句意为：你不付出任何努力而想在期末考试中得第一名的愿望是不现实的。wish后有that引导的同位语从句修饰，表特指，故填定冠词The。 10．Your son is in great danger and he needs ____ immediate operation which costs 48,000 yuan. 解析：句意为：你的儿子很危险，他需要紧急手术，费用为48,000元。operation为单数可数名词，且immediate为元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。 11．I'd like to buy ____ computer. Could you please give me some advice? 解析：句意为：我想买一台电脑，你能给我一些建议吗？computer为单数可数名词，此处表不确定的事物，表泛指，故填不定冠词a。 12．Zinio is ____ platform for digital magazines, with more than 5,500 magazines from a wide range of publishers. 解析：句意为：Zinio是一个电子杂志平台，拥有来自各出版商所提供的5,500多本杂志。platform是单数可数名词，此处指“一个平台”，表泛指，故填不定冠词a。 13．What if your first choice is wrong? If so, just give yourself ____ second chance. 解析：句意：如果你的第一次选择错误怎么办？如果是这样，要再给自己一次机会。序数词前加不定冠词表示“再一，又一”，所以填不定冠词a。 14．—Would you mind giving me advice on how to improve my record? —If you make ____ most of your potential, there will be a rise in your achievement. 解析：句意为：——给我一些建议使我提高记录好吗？——如果你充分利用自己的潜能，你的成绩就会提高。make the most of是固定短语，意为“充分利用”，故填定冠词the。 15．With the development of society, our country is badly in need of those with ____ better command of computer skills. 解析：句意为：随着社会的发展，我们国家非常需要那些可以进行电脑操作的人才。with a command of...为惯用搭配，意为“掌握……”，故填不定冠词a。 Ⅱ. 语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 When you take a walk in any of__1. the__cities in the west，you often see a lot of people walking with dogs.__2. It__is still true that the dog is the most useful and faithful animal in the world. But the reasons why people keep__3. a__dog have changed. In the old days, people used to train dogs to protect __4. themselves__against the attacks by other beasts. And later they came to realize that the dog was not only useful but willing to obey__5. its__master. For example, when people used dogs for__6. hunting__ (hunt), the dogs would not eat what they caught without permission. But now people in the city need not protect themselves against attacks of animals. Why do they keep dogs，then? Some people keep dogs__7. to_protect__(protect) themselves from robbery, but__8. the__most important reason is for companionship.For a child, a dog is his best friend when he has no friends to play__9. with__；for young couples, a dog is their child when they have no children. So__10. the__main reason why people keep dogs has changed from protection to friendship. 解析： 1．此处特指西部城市，cities前用定冠词。 2．此处代替that引导的从句作主语，用it。 3．泛指“一条狗”，dog前用不定冠词。 4．protect的宾语与主语互指，所以填反身代词themselves，后文也有呼应。 5．此处表示“狗的主人”，所以master前用形容词性物主代词its。 6．介词后用动名词形式。 7．动词不定式作目的状语。 8．表示比较意义的形容词最高级前用定冠词。 9．play with是固定搭配，意为“与……玩耍”。 10．reason后有定语从句修饰，故用定冠词the。 Ⅲ. 单句改错 1．How are you? Today I've got a wonderful news to tell you. 答案与解析：去掉a　句意：你好！今天我有个好消息要告诉你。news是不可数名词，前面不能用不定冠词。 2．... they only eat what they like and never touch food they don't like even if they really need it for their health. 答案与解析：food前加the　句意：……他们只吃他们喜欢的东西，即使那些食物对他们的健康有益他们也不会吃不喜欢的那些食物。根据句子后面的定语从句they don't like可知，此处的food为特指，在food前面加the。 3．In the car park there Gina nearly got knocked over as car drove out far too quickly from behind a lorry. 答案与解析：第二个car前加a　句意：在那儿的停车场，由于一辆小汽车很快地从货车后面冲出来，吉娜差一点被撞着。由于car是可数名词单数，前面需加冠词，且所提到的小车并非特定的某辆小车，用不定冠词a。 4．I told him I could not go to the college because I did not want to study anymore. 答案与解析：去掉the　句意：我告诉他我不会上大学，因为我不想再读书了。英语中，表示“上学”这一状态时，学校前面不用冠词。 5．Every time he arrived home at end of the day，we would greet him at the door. 答案与解析：end前加the　at the end of...表示“在……的最后” 6．Now I'm living in a city，but I miss my home in countryside. 答案与解析：countryside前加the　in the countryside意为“在农村”，是固定短语。 7．I think it good habit that in our spare time we read more books of great use. 答案与解析：good前加a　habit意为“习惯”，是可数名词，此处为泛指，故用不定冠词a修饰。 8．Three years ago I failed an important exam in my life and became a student in a ordinary school. 答案与解析：第二个a→an　ordinary是以元音音素开头的形容词，故其前应用不定冠词an。 9．Last Sunday I saw a worst storm in years. It came suddenly and went on for over three hours. 答案与解析：a→the　根据in years可知，此处表示“最严重的暴风雨”，形容词最高级前应加定冠词the。 10．When children are ill, I try my best to take a good care of them. 答案与解析：去掉good前的a　take good care of...为固定搭配，意为“精心照顾……”，care前不加冠词。 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1．To warm himself，the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the____. 解析：此处表示“另一只赤着的脚”，指“两者中另外一只”，用the other。句意：为了暖和自己，那个海员坐在火堆前，赤着的一只脚在摩擦另外一只。 2．How would you like ____ if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you? 解析：it作形式宾语，指代后面的if从句。 3．The research group produced two reports based on the survey，but __neither__ contained any useful suggestions. 解析：neither表示“两者都不”。句意：这个研究小组根据调查做了两个报告，但是没有一个含有任何有用的建议。 4．They reached the top successfully, but on __their/the__ way back conditions were very difficult. 解析：句意为：他们成功登顶，但是在返程的路上却困难重重。名词前需限定词，根据句意可知，此处填形容词性物主代词their与主语保持一致。也可填定冠词the。 语法查漏 --- 代词 5．They are calmer and__their__(they)mood improves. 解析：修饰名词“mood”要用形容词性物主代词，故用their。 6．She remembered how difficult__it__was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. 解析：it指代不定式 to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father。 7．When parents bring home a pet, their child gladly bathes __it__ and brushes its fur. 解析：句意为：当父母把一个宠物带回家时，他们的孩子高兴地给它洗澡并刷毛。根据句意可知，it指代上文中的a pet。 8．Some people take great pleasure in helping and giving to someone else while__others__feel happy doing the opposite. 解析：some...others...有的……；有的……。 9．It's an either－or situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can't do__both__. 解析：not...both“并非两者都”，为部分否定。 10．I've lived in New York and Chicago, but don't like __either__ of them very much. 解析：句意：我在纽约和芝加哥住过，但是这两个地方我都不是很喜欢。either“两者中的任何一个”。 11．Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is __another__. 解析：句意：循环利用是保护环境的一种方法，再次使用是另一种。another“另一，又一”。 12．To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then __that__of her colleagues. 解析：根据“先赢得了学生的信任，然后赢得了同事的信任”可知，此处用于替代不可数名词trust，并且特指，应用that；如果替代可数名词复数并特指用those或the ones。 13．At our factory there are a few machines similar to__those__described in this magazine. 解析：考查用于比较对象替代的代词。比较对象的替代通常可以用that替代不可数名词，those替代可数名词复数，故此处用those替代比较对象machines。 14．Cultural shock is a feeling which most travelers experience in a foreign country where they find the culture is quite different from that of __their__ own. 解析：句意为：文化冲击是一种大多数旅游者在外国会经历的感受，他们会发现当地文化与自己的文化大不相同。根据句意可知此处指旅行者自己的文化。of one's own为固定搭配，故填their。 15．I had to raise my voice to make __myself__ heard in the noisy crowd. 解析：句意为：在嘈杂的人群里，我不得不提高声音使自己被听见。make myself heard意为“使我自己被听到”。 Ⅱ. 语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 An old man and his son were taking a donkey to the market. The man rode the donkey and the son walked behind __1. __. A man saw them and asked the son why __2. __ wasn't riding the donkey. Then the father let __3. __ ride it. __4. __ man saw them and told __5.__ that they should __6. __ ride the donkey. So __7. __ both got on it. A woman who saw them said, “Tell __8. __， why are you both riding that poor animal? __9. __ looks so weak and tired. __10. __ a re so cruel ！” Then, the father and son got off the donkey and started carrying it across a bridge. When they were halfway across the bridge, the donkey struggled loose and fell into the river. it he him them both they me It You Another Ⅲ. 单句改错 1．My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in a short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steadily. 答案与解析：our→his　句意：……相反，他希望他的生意能够稳步增长。根据语境可知，此处与主语he对应，指他的生意，用his指代，保持人称一致。 2．At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help. 答案与解析：need前加I　句意：……但我还是想无论什么时候我需要帮助，都有父母可以让我求助。此处是让步状语从句，句子缺少主语，由前面的语境可知主语用I。 3．When he came back, I found a bunch of flowers in her hand. 答案与解析：her→his　句意：当他回来时，我发现他手里有一束花。根据句意可知应用his。 4．I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself.However, my parents didn't seem to think so. 答案与解析：yourself→myself　句意：起初，我认为我知道一切，并且能够独自做决定。句子的主语是I，因此反身代词用myself。 5．Then everyone in the carriage began searching for the ticket, which was eventually found under a seat several rows from his owner. 答案与解析：his→its或the　承接上文，此处指票的主人。 6．If I chose to take the next bus, I would have to wait for other 30 minutes. 答案与解析：other→another　“数词＋时间段”应位于another的后面，如果数词位于前面，不定代词应用other/more。 7．I knew that they would be worried about myself because I was so far away. 答案与解析：myself→me　be worried about的主语是they，宾语是第一人称代词，二者没有互指关系，所以作宾语的代词用宾格me。 8．In fact, the weather here is quite different from it in your city. 答案与解析：it→that　介词from的宾语应该是同名异物不可数名词the weather，而且由后面作定语的in your city可知是特指，故应用that替代。 9．They think it of special help in expressing them. 答案与解析：them→themselves　express的宾语them与其逻辑主语they指的是同一批人，所以作宾语的应为反身代词。 10．That took years of work to reduce the industrial pollution and clean the water. 答案与解析：That→It　句子的真正主语是动词不定式短语to reduce the...，所以句首应是形式主语，故用it。 1．Most people work because it's unavoidable.__By__contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work. 解析：by contrast“相比之下”。句意：大部分人工作是因为它是无法逃避的。而相比之下，有些人工作是因为的确享受工作。 2．These comments came __in__response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen. 解析：in response to“回应”。句意：这些评论出现是为了回应那些当地新闻记者经常问到的具体问题。 3．This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you __in__advance that if you smoked here you would be fined. 解析：in advance提前。句意：会议室是非吸烟区。我想提前警告你：如果你在这儿吸烟的话。你会被罚款的。 4．Last year was the warmest year on record，with global temperature 0.68 ℃ __above__ the average. 解析：above the average在一般水平以上。句意：去年是有记录以来最热的一年，全球气温比平均气温高0.68℃。 语法查漏 --- 介词 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 5．If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence__with__violence，...I will tell my teachers or parents about it. I think they will help me with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys. 解析：answer violence with violence以暴治暴。 6．Human life is regarded as part of nature and；as such，the only way for us to survive is to live__in__harmony with nature. 解析：in harmony with与……和谐共处。句意：人的生命被看作是自然界的一部分；就这点而论，我们要存活下来的唯一方式就是与大自然和谐共处。 7．He reported the case __to__ the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in a strange city. 解析：句意为：他向警察报告了这个事件，然后孤独迷茫地坐在一个陌生的城市里。report...to...为固定搭配，意为“向……报告……”。 8．Our club is open to everyone regardless__of__age，sex or educational background. 解析：句意为：我们的俱乐部向每个人开放，不管你的年龄、性别或教育背景。regardless of意为“不管；不顾”，为固定搭配。 9．In addition __to__the school，the village has a clinic，which was also built with government support. 解析：句意为：除了学校之外，村子里还有一家诊所，它也是在政府的支持下建起来的。根据下文关键词also可知，学校也是政府开办的，故填to，in addition to意为“除了……之外(还)”。 10．While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything__in__ return. 解析：句意为：当詹姆斯呆在这个村里的时候，他无私地把他有的所有东西与村民分享，不求任何回报。根据前面的单词unselfishly可知他这样做不图回报。in return为固定短语，意为“作为回报”。 11. The children dressed __in__ long wool coats stopped to look at us. 解析：句意为：穿着长羊毛外套的孩子们停下来看着我们。be dressed in意为“穿着……”，为固定搭配。 12．The desire for self－improvement has led many Chinese students to pursue educational opportunities __beyond__ physical classrooms. 解析：句意为：自我完善的愿望促使许多中国学生去追求超越实体课堂教育的机会。beyond意为“超出……”。 13．With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken __in__ color. 解析：句意为：由于有了这项新的科技，水下的山谷可以被拍成彩色照片。in color意为“彩色的”，符合句意。 14．She works well with those who are superior __to__ her in the company. 解析：句意为：她与公司那些职务高于她的人相处得很好。be superior to意为“优于……；高于……”，为固定短语。 15．__Despite__ the Hong Kong singer's current popularity, she was largely unknown in Chinese mainland before the talent show. 解析：句意为：虽然这个香港歌手现在很受欢迎，但是在才艺秀之前她在内地还不为人知。despite意为“虽然”，符合句意。 16．I have an appointment __with__Dr. Brown, but I need to change it. 解析：句意为：我与布朗先生有约，但我需要改一下。have an appointment with sb.意为“与某人有约”，为固定短语。 17．Whoever comes here to have the meeting will be treated __to__ a wonderful dinner. 解析：句意为：所有来这儿开会的人都将享用美好的晚餐。treat sb. to sth.意为“款待，招待某人享用……”，是固定短语。 18．Anyway, I can't tell lies about it—it's __against__ my principles, you know. 解析：句意为：无论如何，对于这件事我不能说谎，你知道这违背了我的原则。against意为“反对；违反”，符合句意。 19．Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes __to__ animals both on land and sea? 解析：be home to...“是……的家园”。 20．The little pupil took his grandma __by__the arm and walked her across the street. 解析：“take sb. by＋the＋身体部位”为固定搭配，意为“抓住某人的……”。句意：那个小学生抓着他奶奶的手臂，领她过了街道。拓展：The police took the thief by the collar and took him to the police station.警察抓住那个小偷的衣领，把他带到了警察局。 Ⅱ. 语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Father's Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day __1. for__ children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington. A woman __2. with__ the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought __3. of__ the idea for Father's Day while listening to a Mother's Day sermon __4. in__ 1909. Having been raised __5. by__ her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died, Sonora wanted her father to know howspecial he was __6. to__ her. It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was, __7. in__ the eyes of his daughter, a courageous, selfless, and loving man. Sonora's father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Father's Day celebration __8. in__ Spokane, Washington __9. on__ the 19th of June, 1910. In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge announced the third Sunday in June __10. as__ Father's Day. Roses are the flowers for Father's Day. 1．Unfortunately，on the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted. 答案与解析：on→with　with the development of...随着……的发展。 2．Now I am leaving home to college. 答案与解析：to→for　句意：现在，我要离开家去上大学。根据句意可知，此处指的是“离开家去上大学”，所以用for，表示目的。 3．Nearly five years ago，and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden. 答案与解析：by→of　句意为：大约五年前，在父亲的帮助下，我和姐姐在后花园种植了一些圣女果。with the help of sb.为固定搭配，意为“在某人的帮助下”。故将by改为of。 4．He was tall, with broad shoulders and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. 答案与解析：toward→to或into　turn from...to/into...从……变成……。 5．Dad cleaned the house，and then went on shopping. 答案与解析：去掉on　句意：爸爸打扫了房子，然后去购物了。go shopping“去购物”，是固定短语。 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1．I'm so __grateful__(gratefully) to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily. 解析：be grateful to...意为“对……感激/感谢”。 2．They gave money to the old people's home either __personally__(person) or through their companies. 解析：personally“私人地，个人地”。句意：他们以个人的名义或通过他们的公司给养老院捐钱。 3．Most of us，if we know even a little about where our food comes from，understand that every bite put into our mouths was __formerly__(former) alive. 解析：formerly“先前地，以前地”。句意：如果我们了解甚至一点点有关食物是从哪儿来的，那么大多数人都懂得每一口放进我们嘴里的食物之前都是活着的。 4．Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be__punctual__(punctuality)． 解析：punctual准时的。句意：尽管会议大厅就在他的公寓附近，但如果他想要准时到达，他必须得快点。 语法查漏 --- 形容词副词 5．I don't think what he said is __relevant__(relevantly) to the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point. 解析：relevant相关的，切题的。句意：我认为他所说的话与我们正在讨论的问题不相关。他没有抓住要点。 6．Little Tom sat __amazed__(amaze) watching the monkey dancing in front of him. 解析：amazed意为“感到吃惊的”，常修饰人。句意：小汤姆吃惊地坐在那儿看着猴子在他面前跳舞。拓展：These soldiers spent three days in the cold weather，cold and hungry.这些士兵们又冷又饿，在严寒的天气中过了三天。 7．It was __considerate__(consider) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried. 解析：considerate考虑周到的，体贴的，常用结构It is considerate of sb. to do sth。句意：迈克尔告知我们他耽搁了一些时间，以防我们担心真是太考虑周到了。 8．The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and__comprehensive__(comprehension) review of the case. 解析：comprehensive“全面的，详尽的”。句意：警官们决定对这个案件做一个彻底、详尽的审查。 9．Just be __patient__(patience)． 解析：句意为：要耐心。设空前为系动词be，因此要用提示词的形容词形式作表语，故填patient。 10．What was so __impressive__(impress) about Jasmine Westland's victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed. 解析：句意为：贾丝明·韦斯特兰的胜利给人印象很深的是，她赤脚取得了马拉松的第一名。设空处和前面的系动词was构成系表结构，所以用形容词作表语。impressive意为“给人印象深刻的”。 11．—You know, I met my girlfriend's parents for the first time only yesterday. —__Really__(real)? I thought you'd met them before. 解析：句意为：——你知道么，我就是在昨天第一次见了女友的父母。——真的吗？我以为你以前就见过他们了呢。really意为“真的”，在此处表示惊奇。 12．Don't defend him any more.It's obvious that he__deliberately__(deliberate) destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology. 解析：设空处修饰谓语动词destroyed，用副词形式。句意为：不要再为他辩解了。很显然他是故意弄坏花园的栅栏的，他甚至都不道歉。 13．Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldn't have found it __otherwise__. 解析：句意为：多谢你把我们领到这所房子，否则，我们是不可能找到它的。otherwise意为“要不然，否则”符合语境。 14．This novel was once the __most_widely__(wide) read book in high schools in the United States. 解析：句意为：这部小说曾经是美国高中阅读最广泛的书。根据空前的定冠词及空后的in high schools in the United States可知，应用最高级the most widely来修饰过去分词read，故填most widely。 15．The __harder__ (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit.He controls you! 解析：本句是固定句式：“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”，表示“越……就越……”。句意为：你越是用力打他，你就越可能被打，他能够控制你！故答案为harder。 Ⅱ. 语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of __1. wooden__ (wood) boxes which contained clothing. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was __2. extremely__ (extreme) heavy. It __3. suddenly__ (sudden) occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. He was __4. astonished__ (astonish) at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of __5. woolen__ (wool) goods. He was __6. so__ surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested, the man admitted hiding __7. silently__ (silent) in the box before the plane left London. He had had a long and __8. uncomfortable__ (comfort) trip, for he had been confined (关在)to the wooden box __9. secretly__ (secret)for over eighteen hours. The man was ordered to pay ￡3,500 for the cost of the trip, which was __10. more__ expensive than the normal price, which only cost ￡2,000. Ⅲ. 单句改错 1．Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. 答案与解析：seriously→serious　应用形容词修饰名词，不能用副词。 2．That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are. 答案与解析：closely→close　closely是副词，副词通常不能和系动词连用构成系表结构，应改为形容词close，本句how close the houses are中的close本应该是在系动词are的后面，构成系表结构are close。 3．But such a small thing couldn’t possible destroy a village. 答案与解析：possible→possibly　修饰动词destroy，用副词形式。 4．Instead, he hopes that his business will grow steady. 答案与解析：steady→steadily　句意：相反，他希望他的生意能够稳步增长。grow“增长”是谓语动词，故用副词修饰。 5．They were also the best and worse years in my life. 答案与解析：worse→worst　句意：它们也是我生命中最好和最坏的那些年。此处用最高级，与上文的the best呼应。 6．At one time, I even felt my parents couldn't understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. 答案与解析：freely→free　句意：起初，我甚至感到我的父母不能理解我，所以我希望我能够远离他们。be是连系动词，其后要跟形容词作表语。 7．The dishes that I cooked were Mom's favoritest. 答案与解析：favoritest→favorite　句意：我做的菜是妈妈最喜欢的。favorite“最喜欢的”，没有比较级和最高级形式。 8．I write to my mother every week, most on Sundays. 答案与解析：most→mostly　副词mostly表示“大部分地；主要地”，此处作“大多数”讲，故将most改为mostly。most作副词时，意为“最”。 9．Zaire is the second large producer of diamonds. 答案与解析：large→largest　根据句意可知，此处表示最高级意义，largest前加序数词表示“第几大……”。 10．After making a carefully examination, the doctor said, “You are in a very good state of health for a woman of your age. 答案与解析：carefully→careful　examination是名词，要用形容词来修饰。 11．The dog may be a good companion for the old. Therefore, the need to take it for walks may be a disadvantage. 答案与解析：Therefore→However　句意为：狗或许是老年人的好朋友，然而带着它散步可能不方便。disadvantage是关键词，由此可知前后两句是转折关系，故用however。 12．Mom was grateful and moving. 答案与解析：moving→moved　moving“令人感动的”，moved“感动的”。根据语境可知，妈妈感到非常感动，故应用moved。 13．He has to work if he wants to live comfortable. 答案与解析：comfortable→comfortably　修饰动词live，应用副词comfortably。 14．When he was young, he read a lot, and late he became a famous writer of his day. 答案与解析：late→later　late作形容词或副词，意为“迟，晚”；later作副词，意为“后来”，符合语境。 15．This is a most beautiful park. I have never seen a best one before. 答案与解析：best→better　此处用比较级better，放在否定句中表达最高级含义。 1．The only thing that I__could__do was that I wished her a long life. 解析：句意：我唯一能做的事情是希望她能长寿。所填词表示能力，此处要表达我唯一“能”做的，而且根据wished判断句子应该用一般过去时，所以填could。 2．Since you have such good preparations, there__should__not be any problem about passing the coming job interview. 解析：句意：既然你准备得很充分，通过即将到来的工作面试应该没问题。根据since提供的原因“准备充分”可以判断出，此处表示“按理说应该发生”的，故本空填情态动词should。 3．It has been accepted that all the students__shall__put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus. 解析：句意：为防止学生感染流感病毒，学生们在进校前要戴上口罩，这一点大家都已接受。在第三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示规定、规则，用shall。 4．Now I__would__like to ask you to look at some photographs if you don't mind. 解析：句意：如果你愿意的话，现在我想让你看一些照片。I would like to do...是固定句式，意为“我想做……”。 情态动词和虚拟语气 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 5．Anyone__can__be in a rough life time，whether he is“Bai Fumei”or“Gao Fushuai”. 解析：句意：任何人都会有困难的时候，无论他是“白富美”还是“高富帅”。此处是情态动词用于陈述句中，表示“一时的情况”，故用情态动词can。 6．__Were__(be) there no modern telecommunications，we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world. 解析：句意：如果没有现代通信手段，我们需要等待数周才能获得来自世界各地的新闻。由句意和主句中的“would＋动词原形”可知，逗号前是一个表示与现在事实相反的从句，应为if there were...。此处条件句中的if省略，把were提到主语前，故填Were。 7．We would rather our daughter__stayed__(stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer. 解析：句意：我们宁愿让女儿和我们一起待在家里，可那是她的选择，而且她也不再是个孩子了。would rather后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，用一般过去时表示与现在或将来相反的事实。 8．It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I__had_done__(do) it? 解析：句意：是约翰打破了窗户。你为什么以好像是我打破了的语气对我说话？as if引导的状语从句中，谓语动词与wish引导的宾语从句的虚拟语气形式相同。结合语境可知，此处表示对过去的虚拟，填had done。 9．—What a slow bus this is! —Yes, we__may/might__just as well walk. 解析：may/might as well不妨……。 10．I still remember my happy childhood when my mother__would__(will) take me to Disneyland at weekends. 解析：句意：我仍然记得我的幸福童年，那时我母亲总会在周末带我去迪士尼乐园。would表示过去的一种习惯。 Drunk driving, a major concern currently, is not a funny thing, __1. which__ has killed many people and ruined the lives of many others. At present, traffic accidents become“the world's first harm”． Two months ago, after __2. drinking__(drink) a lot of alcohol, my friend's uncle drove his car home. He was __3. heavily__(heavy) drunk, but he still drove home by himself. On the road near his home, an old lady was going across the road, __4. but__ his uncle didn't notice her and he was still moving on under the influence of alcohol. And __5. the__ old lady didn't see his uncle, either. In the end, the lady died. __6. Had__ it not been for his uncle's drunkenness, the terrible accident would not have happened. If the lady __7. hadn't_died__(die), she would live a happy life with her daughters and sons. And his uncle's home was also destroyed by his uncle. Therefore, two __8. families__(family) were destroyed. I wish more people __9. could__(can) realize the seriousness of drunk driving and obey the traffic regulations faithfully. Always remember: refuse __10. to_drink__(drink) and drive, and give a safe world to you and me! 解析： 1．thing后是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，故填which。 2．after在此是介词，后跟动名词。 3．修饰was drunk用副词。 4．由didn't notice判断，该空所用词表示转折，故填but。 5．特指上文提到的lady，故填定冠词。 6．根据主句中的would not have happened判断，逗号前面是一个虚拟语气的条件句，句子的谓语应用had done形式；但是因为省略了if，所以要把had提前到句首，由此可判断出该空填Had。 7．if引导的是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气句子，故应用过去完成时，填hadn't died。 8．集体名词family在此是被看作整体，此处指“两个家庭”，应用其复数形式families。 9．wish后的从句用虚拟语气，此处表示与现在事实相反的情况，所以填could。 10．refuse后用动词不定式作宾语，refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”。 Ⅲ.单句改错 1．Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. 答案与解析：can→should或去掉can　句意：一些同学建议我们去附近的名胜古迹。suggest作动词，表示“建议”时，宾语从句的谓语通常用虚拟语气“(should＋)动词原形”，故此处可把can改为should，也可去掉can。 2．We must found ways to protect our environment. 答案与解析：found→find　句意：我们必须要找到保护环境的方法。情态动词must后接动词原形。 3．It is true that no one should live without money in modern society. 答案与解析：should→can　句意：的确，在当代社会，没有钱就不能生活。根据句意可知，表示“能，能够”须用can。 4．But for the rain，we should have a pleasant journey yesterday. 答案与解析：have后加had 句意： 要不是下雨，我们昨天会有一次愉快的旅行。对过去的虚拟用should have done结构。 5．He had telephoned to inform me of your birthday，or I would have known nothing about it. 答案与解析：去掉had　or前的句子不是虚拟条件句。 1．—Did you enjoy the party? —Yes，We__were_treated__(treat) well by our hosts. 解析：根据上下文，这里谈的是举行过的一次聚会，应该用过去时，并且“我们”是被主人招待的，所以需用一般过去时的被动语态。句意：——你喜欢这个聚会吗？——是的，我们的主人很好地招待了我们。 2．In the last few years，China__has_made__(make) great achievements in environmental protection. 解析：时间状语in/over the last few years与现在完成时连用。句意：在过去的几年中，中国在环境保护方面取得了巨大成就。 3．—Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment. —All right.I__will_call__(call) him later. 解析：据第一句的时态判断，Dr. Jackson目前不在办公室，所以打电话是将来的事。句意：——Dr. Jackson现在不在办公室。——好的，我待会再给他打。 4．Jane can't attend the meeting at 3 o'clock this afternoon because she__will_be_teaching__(teach) a class at that time. 解析：根据题干时间状语3 o'clock this afternoon的提示可知，动作发生时间为将来；而句尾的at that time为一个特定的时间点，因此，该题强调在将来的大时间背景下的某一个特定时间点发生的事，故用将来进行时。 时态语态 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 5．Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement__has_been_reached__(reach) so far by the two sides. 解析：本句中的时间状语so far表示“到目前为止”，为现在完成时的标志词。reach no agreement短语中no agreement作主语，reach要用被动，故结合时态可知填has been reached。 6．Marty __has_been_working__(work) really hard on his book and he thinks he'll have finished it by Friday. 解析：由后文提示he'll have finished it by Friday可知，work动作发生在过去，延续到现在，现在还在进行，故要用现在完成进行时态。句意：马蒂一直在非常认真地写书，他认为他在周五前将会完成。 7．Just as I got to the school gate，I realized I __had_left__(leave) my book in the cafe. 解析：“我把书忘在了咖啡馆”发生在“我意识到这件事”之前，而“我意识到”是发生在过去的一个动作，故“忘记”应用过去完成时。 8．It is reported that a space station __will_be_built__(build) on the moon in years to come. 解析：时间状语in years to come(在将来的几年里)，故主语从句的时态用一般将来时；太空站是被建造，用被动语态。 9．Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child，few people guessed that he __would_be__(be) a famous scientist whose theories would change the world. 解析：主句时态是过去时，从句动作在过去的时间上看是将来的事情，故用过去将来时。 10．As you go through this book, you __will_find__(find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience. 解析：一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况。在一般将来时的句子中，有时会出现表示将来时的时间状语，若不出现时间状语，要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况。句意：当你通读这本书的时候，你将会发现数百万的经历过二战的每个人都有不同的经历。 11．He must have sensed that I __was_looking__(look)at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly，“Why are you staring at me like that？” 解析：题干中没有出现具体的时间状语，可以从意义上去把握。此句在意义上应该用进行时，又根据此句中的must have sensed和glanced at可知是过去进行时。句意：他一定感觉到我在看着他。他突然看向我然后轻声问道：“你为什么一直那样盯着我看？” 12．I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy，but__was_held__(hold)back thankfully by the shop window. 解析：被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。hold back阻隔，隐瞒。句意：我非常想进去玩玩具，但是我幸好被橱窗阻隔了。根据句意，此句含有被动语态在里面，hold back要用被动语态。 13．More expressways__will_be_built__(build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy. 解析：根据题干中的时间状语soon可知，用将来时。expressways与build为被动关系，用被动语态。句意：四川不久将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地经济的发展。 14．—Is Peter coming? —No，he __changed__(change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute. 解析：句意：——Peter来吗？——没有，刚才接到一个电话后改变主意了。根据at the last minute发生在过去，故用一般过去时。 15．In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat __has_been__(be) cut. 解析：表示动作已经发生或完成用现在完成时。句意：在我的家乡，收麦过后农民会举行一个丰收晚宴。 16．To my delight，I __was_chosen__(choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony. 解析：主语I与choose之间为动宾关系；再由语境可知，choose的动作已经完成，故要用一般过去时态的被动语态。句意：令我高兴的是，我被从数百名参与者中选中参加开幕式。 17．—Where is Peter？I can't find him anywhere. —He went to the library after breakfast and __has_been_writing__(write) his essay there ever since. 解析：由句子中的时间状语ever since可知，本句要用现在完成时态或者现在完成进行时态。由语境可知，write动作现在还在进行，要用现在完成进行时态。句意：——皮特呢？我到处找不到他。——他早饭后去图书馆了。自那之后就一直在那儿写文章。 18．The real reason why prices__were__(be), and still are，too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem. 解析：根据语境，prices...still are，too high，推出前一空是想说明prices过去也高。故用过去式。该题中still是关键。句意：价格过去高，现在仍旧太高的原因很复杂，短暂的讨论是不能令人满意地解释这个问题的。 19．The young firefighter insisted that he __was__(be) well－prepared and __(should)_be_sent__(send) there to put out the fire. 解析：句意为：那位年轻的消防员坚持说他准备好了，并且坚持要去那里救火。当insist意为“坚持说；坚持认为”时用陈述语气，故第一空填was；当insist意为“坚持”时，从句谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”，又因为firefighter与send之间为被动关系，故填(should) be sent。 20．Many parents don't want to face it, but the world today is a lot different than it __was__(be) in their school days. 解析：句意为：(尽管)许多父母不愿意去面对，但今天的世界与他们在学校的岁月已大不相同。根据语境及时间状语in their school days可知用一般过去时。 Dad quit drinking exactly one year before I was born. He joined a group of other people. He said they __1. had_stopped__ (stop) drinking, too. I loved my dad __2. but__ I hated the way his weekly meetings took him away from me. It seemed that they were more important to him than I was. But with my birthday coming up I thought Dad __3. would_make__ (make) an exception. I begged him not to miss it but __4. was_refused__ (refuse). He said, “I am chairing the meeting this Saturday. We __5. will_have__ (have) your party on Sunday. Why not come with me together tonight? It's an open meeting. All __6. are__ (be) welcome.” I agreed. Maybe I needed to see why something Dad did every week mattered so much. After we arrived, Dad announced __7. the__ theme of the meeting was going to be gratitude. He told his story about giving up smoking. __8. Later__ (late), a man called Dave also told his story. Only then did I know it was Dad that saved his life __9. from__ drinking. Showing up week after week and meeting with people, Dad __10. was_changing__ (change) lives. Shame washed over me. 解析： 1．stop发生在过去动作said之前，故此处填had stopped。 2．由loved与hated之间的对比判断本空填转折连词but。 3．根据前面的coming up判断，make是在过去看来将来要发生的动作，故填would make。 4．句子的主语是I，与refuse之间是被动关系，故填was refused，构成一般过去时的被动语态。 5．该句是直接引用的，根据this Saturday判断，have是将来的动作，故填will have。 6．句子是一般现在时，all指代人，故填are。 7．特指本次会议的主题，故theme前用定冠词。 8．此处表示“稍后”意义，作状语，故填副词Later。 9．save...from...“从……拯救……”，是固定搭配。 10．此处表示一个逐渐变化的过程，故用进行时，所以本空填was changing。 1．...took him to US, where he introduced to the Internet. 答案与解析：introduced前加was　he与introduce是被动关系，句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，故加上was。 2．Today is Sunday. At about 9：00 a．m., I go to the bookstore with my friends. 答案与解析：go→went　由前面提供的时间状语判断句子用一般过去时，故改为went。 3．Having been seen the film, everyone was deeply moved. 答案与解析：去掉been　句子的主语即为非谓语动词see的逻辑主语，二者之间是主动关系，故去掉been，成为现在分词的完成式。 4．Our city had changed a lot in the last 5 years. 答案与解析：had→has　由时间状语in the past 5 years可知句子应该用现在完成时。 5. Many overpasses have set up, so it has become very convenient for people to travel. 答案与解析：have后加been　overpasses与动词set up是被动关系，表示“被建立”意义，故句子用现在完成时的被动语态。 6．In the past, teachers always keep on explaining the points in class. 答案与解析：keep→kept　由时间状语in the past判断句子用一般过去时，故改为过去式kept。 7．The river was so polluted that it was actually caught fire and burned. 答案与解析：去掉第二个was　catch fire没有被动语态。 8．Nowadays there was a kind of language called Web language. 答案与解析：was→is　根据时间状语nowadays判断句子用一般现在时。 9. Last Friday our school was invited a foreign teacher in our city to give a class to the students of Senior Grade Two. 答案与解析：去掉was　此处表示“我们学校邀请了……”，our school与invite是主动关系，故去掉was，句子用一般过去时。 10．Sometimes he repeated what we don't understand. 答案与解析：don't→didn't　根据主句时态判断从句也用一般过去时。 11．Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking. 答案与解析：using→used　句意：每天他都确保用于烹饪的是新鲜的蔬菜和高质量的油。此处表示被动含义，be used for“被用来做”。 12．It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. 答案与解析：had→have　句意：……有些人甚至要在外面等。此处是在介绍现在的情况，故用一般现在时。 13．Some classmates suggest we go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. 答案与解析：thought→think　句意：……我认为这是一个好主意。根据前句中的suggest可知，本句应用一般现在时。 14．Both Dad and I planned to do something on Mother's Day. We get up early in the morning. 答案与解析：get→got　句意：……我们那天早上起得早。根据上句中的planned可知，事情发生在过去，故应用一般过去时。 15．Today I've got wonderful news to tell you. I had been offered a job at a company in England for my good performance. 答案与解析：had→have　句意：我今天有好消息要告诉你，我以良好的表现在英国一家公司得到了一份工作。根据句意可知，指目前的结果用现在完成时。 1．__Ignoring__(ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. 2．The manager was satisfied to see many new products__developed__(develop) after great effort. 非谓语动词 解析：设空处位于句首，考虑句中可能缺少主语或状语，再分析句子成分，句中已有谓语动词will be，句中缺少的是主语，再根据句意可知应用动名词形式。句意为：忽视这两种研究结果的差异将是你所犯的最严重错误之一。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语部分是will be，one of the worst mistakes是表语，you make是省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰mistakes。很显然，________the difference between the two research findings是主语部分，结合语境可知设空处用动名词作主语。答案为Ignoring。 解析：提示词为动词，且句中已有谓语was satisfied to see，便会考虑此处为“动词(see/hear/feel/watch/notice等)＋名词或代词＋宾补”结构；再根据所给的动词和其逻辑主语的关系确定答案。句意为：经过一番努力之后，看到许多新产品被开发出来，经理感到很满意。此处为see sth. done结构，动词develop与宾语many new products之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补表示被动、已完成，故答案为developed。 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 3．We got a little __sunburned或sunburnt__(sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind. 4．Anxiously，she took the dress out of the package and tried it on，only__to_find__(find) it didn't fit. 5．Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people __living__(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 6．__To_catch__(catch) the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. 7．The park was full of people，__enjoying__(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine. 解析：给出的提示词为动词，并且句中也有了谓语动词got，考虑设空处应用非谓语动词形式；再分析sunburn与其逻辑主语we的关系可判断应用过去分词形式。本题考查“get＋过去分词”表示状态。got在该题中为连系动词，且sunburn与we之间为动宾关系，故应用过去分词作表语。因此，答案为sunburned或sunburnt。 解析：给出的提示词为动词，句中已有谓语动词took和tried，故此处考虑用非谓语动词作状语；再根据空前的only及句意可判断此处为“only＋不定式”结构。句意为：她急切地从包裹里拿出裙子穿上，结果发现它不合身。only to do表示出乎意料的结果。故填to find。 解析：分析句子结构快速找到谓语动词arranges，从而判断此处应填非谓语动词；再根据句意可知，逻辑主语people与live之间为主动关系，最后确定填现在分词形式。句意为：香港的一家旅游公司Abercrombie & Kent说，他们经常在这儿为上海人和香港人安排方便的度假。 解析：To catch在此作目的状语。句意：为了赶上早航班，我们提前订了出租车并且起得很早。 解析：enjoying为现在分词作伴随状语，与people形成逻辑上的主谓关系。句意：公园里人山人海，他们在沐浴着阳光愉快地玩耍。 8．__Absorbed__(absorb) in painting，John didn't notice evening approaching. 9．__Having_worked__(work) for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. 10．After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on __to_thank__(thank) all the people who had helped in her career. 11．Back from his two－year medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother __taken__(take) good care of at home. 12．Listening to music at home is one thing；going to hear it __being_performed__(perform) live is quite another. 解析：动词absorb有“使专心”之意，常见短语be absorbed in，所以用过去分词作原因状语。 解析：该题逻辑主语是Steve，与动词work是主谓关系，已知谓语动词为managed to finish，“成功完成”，比较动作work和已知谓语可知，先工作两天，才成功完成，因此用可表示发生在已知谓语动词之前的having worked。 解析：go on后接to do或doing作宾语均可以，但是go on doing表示“继续干同一件事”，而go on to do则表示“继续干另一件事”。由语境可知，Anne Benedict在接受奖项后又继续干另一件事，即：感谢帮助过她的人，故要用动词不定式作宾语。句意：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角奖项之后，Anne Benedict继续感谢所有曾经在她的职业生涯中帮助过她的人。 解析：分析结构可知，此处是“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语可以是do，doing或者done。若宾语与补语之间为主谓关系，且强调动作的全过程，用省略to的动词不定式，即do；若宾语与补语之间为主谓关系，且强调动作正在进行，用doing；若宾语与补语之间为动宾关系，用过去分词作宾补。此处his mother与take good care of之间为动宾关系，要用taken作宾补。句意：在非洲医疗服务两年后回来，李博士看到他的母亲在家里被照顾得很好，他很高兴。 解析：由live(现场直播)可知“听到音乐正在被演奏”，故填being performed。 13．When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground，__wondering__(wonder) whether to stay or leave. 14．Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students __to_talk__(talk) over what is bothering them. 15．Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way __using__(use) the sun and the stars. 16．__To_learn__(learn) more about Chinese culture，Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course. 17．In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared，__combining__(combine) the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”． 解析：句意：当店员看到一张慈祥的脸上挤出一副抱歉的笑容时，她愣愣地站在了那里，不知是去还是留。此句的谓语动词是stood，所以wonder在此用－ing形式作伴随状语。 解析：talk over讨论。分析句子结构可知act as a listening ear for fellow students to do sth.中的to do sth.是作students的宾语补足语。句意：有时我充当一个倾听者来倾听我的同学们讨论他们的烦心事。 解析：using the sun and the stars在句中作状语，与逻辑主语birds构成主动关系，故用现在分词。句意：像古代水手那样，鸟可以利用太阳和恒星来找到路。 解析：由语境可知，此处是动词不定式作目的状语。句意：为了更多地了解中国文化，杰克决定把中国民间音乐作为选修课。 解析：由语境可知，infosphere与combine之间为主谓关系，故要用doing作状语。句意：近几年，一个英语单词infosphere出现了，它把“信息”与“气氛”的含义结合在一起。 18．Much time__spent__(spend) sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems. 19．When there was no place in the whole field __left__(leave) to dig, the rabbit dug a tunnel right to where the dog had been lying all the time. 20．Henry can't attend the party __being_held__(hold) at Tom's house at present because he is preparing the speech at the party __to_be_held__(hold) at Marie's house tomorrow. 解析：本句为独立主格结构。逗号后为主句，逗号前为独立主格作原因状语。time与spend是被动关系，故填spent。句意：因为花费很多时间坐在桌子旁，办公室职员一般都受健康问题的困扰。 解析：句意：当整块儿地都没有什么可挖的地方时，兔子挖了一个隧道，直通到狗一直躺着的地方。这里的提示词leave和前面的place是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用left。 解析：考查非谓语动词作定语。第一空，根据at present可知，hold这个动作正在进行，且hold与party之间是动宾关系，故用being held；第二空，根据tomorrow可知，hold这个动作尚未发生，且hold与party之间是动宾关系，故用to be held。 In the past, if I had to look away from my phone, I felt like I was going to die. When I had lunch with my family or dated with my friends, I couldn't resist __1. replying__(reply) to a text message or checking my Facebook, We Chat on __2. the__ mobile phone. Before long, it was easy for me __3. to_get__(get) tired. The more I texted during the day, the __4. poorer__(poor) my sleep was. I couldn't even focus on my study. My friend told me that people __5. who/that__ can't help checking their phones all day are known as phubbers(低头族). Phubbing trends not only involve the young people, but __6. the__ elderly. Soon, I found a slogan on a website as follows: stop twittering, stop posting photos... __7. Thankfully__(thankful), I realized there was actually an outside world. My __8. divided__ (divide) attention could keep me from what is truly important. Now, I can use the phone without __9. feeling__(feel) like a drug addict. I have more time __10. to_enjoy__(enjoy) real－life activities. Use your cell phone and don't let it use you. 解析： 1．resist后用动名词作宾语。 2．on the phone“在手机上”，是固定短语。 3．it是形式主语，本空所填的动词不定式是真正主语。 4．由前面的the more判断填poorer，本句为“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”句式。 5．本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词people，并在从句中作主语，故用who或that。 6．形容词前用定冠词，表示一类人，the elderly“老年人”。 7．作句子状语，意为“幸亏，幸好”，所以本空填副词Thankfully。 8．作attention的定语，与attention之间是被动关系，故填divided，表示“被分散了的精力”。 9．位于介词后用动名词形式。 10．have more time to do sth.“有更多的时间去做某事”，动词不定式作定语。 1．Even when it comes to shake hands, ladies come first. 答案与解析：shake→shaking　在when it comes to...句型中，to为介词，所以要用动名词作to的宾语。 2．The express company will get all these goods received delivering to the customers today. 答案与解析：delivering→delivered　句意为：快递公司今天将会把所有这些收到的货物派送给顾客们。deliver与其逻辑主语these goods之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，即these goods为deliver动作的承受者，所以应用过去分词作宾语补足语，此处为“get＋宾语＋宾补”结构。 3．It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute she's outside. 答案与解析：understanding→understand　It's difficult to do sth.意为“做某事是困难的”，其中to为动词不定式符号，其后要跟动词原形。故将understanding改为understand。 4．I, together with my two friends, was eating dinner at a Chinese restaurant, locating in the center of New York. 答案与解析：locating→located　句意为：我和我的两个朋友一起，正在位于纽约市中心的一家中餐馆里用餐。(be) located in...为固定用法，意为“坐落于……”。故将locating改为located。 5．We all enjoyed the precious day greatly, remember the time we spent together. 答案与解析：remember→remembering　句意为：我们所有人都很享受这宝贵的一天，记着我们一起度过的时光。句中已有谓语动词enjoyed，因此remember应用非谓语动词形式；remember与主语we之间构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式。 6．But now we often discuss and try to solve the problems raising by the teachers or ourselves. 答案与解析：raising→raised　句意：但现在我们经常讨论并尽力解决老师或我们自己提出来的问题。根据by可知，“问题”是“被老师或我们自己提出”，故应用过去分词作定语。 7．The ability express one's idea somehow decides how far one can get along in one's college. 答案与解析：express前加to　句意为：一个人表达思想的能力在一定程度上决定了他在大学里的发展。抽象名词ability等词后通常用不定式作定语。 8．The office of the Students' Union will contact the choosing candidates for an interview in a few days. 答案与解析：choosing→chosen　句意为：几天后，学生会办公室将联系已被选出的候选人来面试。这里指的是“已被选出的候选人”，表示被动和完成，所以用过去分词作定语。 9．Travel to a place I have never been to certainly can broaden my mind. 答案与解析：Travel→Travelling　 作句子的主语，表示事实，用动名词。动词原形不能作句子的主语。 10．They couldn't help say that their son had grown up. 答案与解析：say→saying　can't help doing“禁不住做某事”，是固定短语。 11．We can choose between staying at home and take a trip. 答案与解析：take→taking　句意：我们可以选择待在家里或是去旅行。and连接两个并列成分。本句中动名词短语staying at home与taking a trip构成并列关系，都作介词between的宾语。 12．I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. 答案与解析：wear→wearing　句意：我通过穿一些奇怪的衣服向他们展示我的独立。by是介词，后接动名词短语作宾语。 13．Having a pleasant trip and see you Friday. 答案与解析：Having→Have　句意：旅途愉快，星期五见。由于此为祝福用语，须用祈使句表示祝愿，动词用原形。 14．To achieve determination，we need the followed strategies. 答案与解析：followed→following　句意：为了实现决心，我们需要以下策略。动词follow的非谓语动词作定语意为“以下的”时，须用following。 15．She can't imagine so young a girl live alone. 答案与解析：live→living或live→lives　句意：她不能想像这样年轻的女孩一个人生活。根据动词imagine的句型用法：imagine sb. doing...；imagine that...可知，后面要么用非谓语动词形式，要么为宾语从句。 1．The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere __where__his employees enjoy their work. 解析：本句中定语从句“his employees enjoy their work”不缺主宾表，先行词为atmosphere，表示“气氛，氛围”。将“in＋先行词atmosphere”还原回从句中成立，因此答案为where。 2．As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the time __when__he should be able to be independent. 解析：分析结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词为time。定语从句为空格后句子，缺少时间状语，用when引导。句意：作为家里最小的孩子，亚历克斯总是渴望他应该能独立的时候。 3. Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon __which__ school education depends. 解析：本句为定语从句。引导词在定语从句中位于介词upon的后面作宾语，故用关系代词且指代先行词the fundamental skill，因此用which。 定语从句 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 4．It is a truly delightful place, __which__ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages. 解析：此句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是place，定语从句中缺主语，故用关系代词which。句意：这真是一个宜人的地方，这里蜿蜒的小路和美丽的小村庄一定和100年前看起来是一模一样的。 5．The books on the desk，__whose__covers are shiny，are prizes for us. 解析：此句是非限制性定语从句，先行词为the books，________和covers之间存在所有关系，意为“书的封面”。句意：桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪发光。根据语境填whose。 6．He wrote many children's books，nearly half of __which__ were published in the 1990s. 解析：此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是children's books，定语从句中of缺少宾语，故填which。句意：他写了许多儿童书籍，差不多一半左右是在20世纪90年代出版的。 7．Nowadays，school violence is a hot issue. I think this is a phenomenon，__which__calls for our great concern. 解析：句意：目前，学校暴力是个热点问题。我认为这是一个需要我们极大的关注的现象。从句子结构分析可以看出，空白后面句子是一个非限制性定语从句，对前面句子进行补充说明。 8．The number of smokers，__as__is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 解析：此句为as引导的非限制性定语从句。as意为“正如，正像”，在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或表语；as在这里代替整个主句的内容；“as is reported”意为“正如被报道的那样”。句意：正如被报道的那样，烟民的数量在仅仅一年的时间就下降了17%。 9．Some passers－by witnessed the car accident __where__ five passengers were killed, a baby included. 解析：句意为：一些路人目睹了这场事故，其中有五位乘客丧生包括一个婴儿。设空处引导定语从句，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。 10．“Spit－take” refers to an act __where__ someone spits liquid out of his or her mouth when he or she hears something funny or surprising. 解析：句意为：“笑喷”是指一种行为：某人在听到有趣的或吃惊的事情后从嘴中喷出液体。设空处引导定语从句修饰act，引导词在从句中作地点状语，因此用where引导。 11．Cultural shock is a feeling __which/that__most travelers experience in a foreign country __where__ they find the culture is quite different from that of their own. 解析：句意为：文化冲击是一种大多数游客在外国会经历的感觉，在那里他们会感觉外国的文化和自己的(文化)有很大的不同。分析句子成分可知，两空均引导定语从句，第一空的先行词为a feeling，且在从句中作experience的宾语，因此用which/that引导；第二空的先行词为a foreign country，在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。 12．Tibet is such a place __as__ all the people across the world are dreaming of visiting. 解析：句意为：西藏是一个全世界所有的人都梦想游览的地方。定语从句的先行词为a place，其前有such修饰，引导词应用关系代词as。 13．Dad decided to build a small tool room with a lock, __where__ he would keep his best tools so my brother couldn't reach them. 解析：句意为：父亲决定建一个带锁的小工具室，把他最好的工具放到里面，这样我弟弟就不会拿到它们了。设空处引导定语从句；修饰先行词a small tool room，并在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导该定语从句。 14．In 2014, such important reform policies associated with the interests of the general public were introduced in China __as__ almost each person could benefit from in life. 解析：句意为：在2014年，关系到公众利益的重要的改革政策被引进到中国，几乎每一个人都能从中受益。先行词policies前有such修饰，且引导词作介词from的宾语，因此用as引导。 15．We expect you to become someone of __whom__ we'll feel very proud in the future. 解析：句意为：我们希望你将来能成为我们会为之骄傲的人。feel proud of意为“为……感到自豪”，引导词置于介词of后作宾语，且先行词为someone，指人，故填whom。 16．The movie Pompeii came out this February, __which__ many people think brings a touching love story to the audience. 解析：句意为：电影《庞贝末日》在今年二月上映，许多人认为它为观众带来了一个令人感动的爱情故事。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the movie Pompeii，many people think为插入语，引导词在从句中作主语，故填which。 17．Anyone __who__ upgrades their professional knowledge to a new level can apply for these courses. 解析：句意为：任何将专业知识更新到一个新水平的人都可以申请这些课程。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词anyone，且在定语从句中作主语，一般不用that，故用who引导。 18．Then he waved his hand in the direction from __which__ the woman had called. 解析：句意为：接着他向传来喊叫声的那位女士的方向挥手。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词direction，且在从句中作介词from的宾语，故填which。 19．Will you think of those individuals__who/that__ have helped you get through difficulty when you are leading a comfortable life? 解析：句意为：在你生活舒适时你会想起那些帮你度过艰难时光的人吗？该定语从句缺少主语，先行词为指人的individuals，故填who或that。 20．On an autumn afternoon, we were sent to a farm __where__ we learnt to plant potatoes. 解析：句意为：在一个秋天的下午，我们被送到一个农场，在那里我们学习了种植土豆。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a farm，且在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。 There was a time __1. when__ I was tired of learning English and disliked to speak English. And this is the reason __2. why__ my father forced me to join in a 30－day training in an English club before I went to senior high school. When I first came to the club, __3. where__ I met many strangers, I missed my parents very much. So I packed up my things and wanted to go home. Fortunately, my guide __4. whose__ teacher was Li Yang, communicated with me face to face, from __5. whom__ I gained some useful instructions. He also showed me a good partner, and we got along well with each other. Gradually I adapted to the life there. Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities __6. that/which__ we did. My father and the guide __7. who/that__ encouraged me to fall in love with English should be appreciated. Now I feel it interesting to learn English, into __8. which__ I put my entire energy. Every day I will read my words and passages aloud. In class I will join in English discussions. Before I go to sleep, I will recall my passages, through __9. which__ I can memorize a large number of new words. __10. As__ our English teacher says, “As long as we form the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance, we will conquer English sooner or later.” 1．Jim passed the driving test, it surprised everybody in the office. 答案与解析：it→which　。 2．It is such a big stone that nobody can lift. 答案与解析：that→as或在lift后加it　。 3．Which is mentioned above, our school still calls for many good teachers. 答案与解析：Which→As　 4．Have you noticed that small house, its roof is red? 答案与解析：its→whose　 5．Tomb－Sweeping Day is one of China's traditional festivals, in which people hold memorial activities in memory of the dead. 答案与解析：in→on　“介词＋关系代词”的定语从句中的介词由先行词决定。on Tomb－Sweeping Day在清明节。 6．Believe it or not, I don't like the way which he spoke to me. 答案与解析：which→that/删去which/which前加in　先行词是way，定语从句中缺状语时，定语从句引导词可以是that/in which或者不加关系词。 把该句看成so...that...结构，可以在lift后加it，把that引导的结果状语从句补充完整。该句也可以看成一个定语从句，此时，先行词stone前有such，所以定语从句的引导词用as，as在从句中充当lift的宾语。故也可以把that改为as as和which引导非限制性定语从句且指代整句话时的区别。as和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，都可以指代整个一句话。 as从句位置比较灵活，置前、置中或置后都可以，而which只能放在主句后面。其次，如果从句意思是“正如……，正像……”时，就用as。如果从句意思是“这一点，这”时，就用which。总之，位置记住，意思分清。 7．Henry Royce did not like his car, that ran badly and often broke down. 答案与解析：that→which　逗号后是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代先行词car，故用which。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。 8．Are you facing a situation where looks impossible to fix? 答案与解析：where→which/that　situation后是一个定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，故用which/that。 9．She is a very nice girl whom has a dream of becoming an actress. 答案与解析：whom→who/that　girl后是定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，故应该用who/that。whom是宾格，只能作宾语。 10．The dishes what I cooked were Mom's favorite. 答案与解析：what→which/that或删去what　dishes后是定语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，故用which/that或删去what。what不引导定语从句。 1．I truly believe__that__beauty comes from within. 解析：考查名词性从句引导词。从句部分不缺少任何成分也不缺意思。因此用只起连接作用的that。 2．Reading her biography，I was lost in admiration for __what__Doris Lessing had achieved in literature. 解析：考查宾语从句中引导词的选择。分析语境可知，此处是介词for后接了宾语从句。从句中缺少achieved的宾语，故要用what来引导。句意：读她的传记，我对多丽丝·莱辛在文学上所取得的成就钦佩不已。 3．A ship in harbor is safe，but that's not __what__ ships are built for. 解析：what引导表语从句，在从句中作介词for的宾语。句意：船停泊在港口里是安全的，但那可不是造船的目的。 4．If you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate __what__ is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water. 解析：investigate后面是宾语从句，从句中缺主语，故用what。句意：如果你在河里或湖里游泳，一定要调查一下水面下的东西。经常会有石头或树枝藏在水中。 名词性从句 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 5．The family was rather poor but the honest man decided to give the bag to its owner. He gave it back to Sam and asked him to check__whether/if__the bag had 50 gold coins. 解析：句意：……他把包还给了Sam，请他检查包内是否有50个金币。 6．He has heart disease. That is__because__he has been smoking too much. 解析：句意：他有心脏病，这是由于他一直吸烟造成的。 7．People who visited me used to ask me__how__I could sleep.“Doesn't the sound of the traffic bother you？How can you get used to so much noise？” 解析：句意：来看我的人过去常常问我怎么能睡得着……。 8．We know from the survey on cigarettes __that__ warning messages on product containers and in ads can affect consumption of potentially dangerous products. 解析：句意为：我们从关于香烟的调查了解到，在产品包装盒上和广告中的警告信息能够影响潜在的危险产品的消费。know后的宾语从句结构完整，因此用从属连词that引导。 9．Following the decline in house prices in many small and medium－sized cities, there are now signs __that__ house prices in major cities may also be set for a slide. 解析：句意为：随着中小型城市房价的下跌，现在有迹象表明在大城市房价也可能有下滑的趋势。signs后是同位语从句，从句结构和意义完整，用从属连词that引导。 10．Tens of thousands of people marched to the Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial, celebrating the 50th anniversary of King's famous speech, through which we know __what__ he said meant to the black. 解析：句意为：数以万计的人奔向马丁·路德·金纪念碑，庆祝他的那次著名的演讲发表50周年。通过这个演讲，我们知道他所说的对于黑人的意义。设空处引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语，指“他所说的话”，故填what。 11．New plans for the college entrance examination in Zhejiang are __that__ students have to be tested on Chinese, math, English and another three subjects as they prefer. 解析：句意为：浙江的高考新计划是考生必须参加语文、数学、英语和他们喜欢的其他三科的考试。设空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺成分和意义，故用that引导。 12．There is a strong possibility __that__ man will mainly depend on solar energy in the future. 解析：句意为：人类在将来主要依靠太阳能是非常有可能的。设空后的从句句子结构完整，不缺少成分，且是对possibility的进一步解释、说明，故设空处引导同位语从句，故填that。 13．As John Lennon once said, life is __what__ happens to you while you are busy making other plans. 解析：句意为：正如约翰·列侬曾经所说，生活就是在你忙于制订其他计划的时候发生在你身上的事情。设空处引导表语从句并在从句中充当主语，故填what。 14．__When__ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. 解析：句意为：延误的航班将何时起飞主要取决于天气。分析句子结构可知，depends much on是句子的谓语，________ the delayed flight will take off是句子的主语，设空处引导主语从句。根据句意，设空处在主语从句中作时间状语，故填when。 15．__That__mathematics is one of the most useful sections in human knowledge is widely accepted. 解析：句意为：人们普遍认为数学是人类知识中最有用的部分之一。设空处引导主语从句且从句中不缺任何成分，故用that引导。 16．The bride and groom gave __whoever__ attended their wedding some gifts to share their happiness. 解析：句意为：新娘和新郎给每个参加他们婚礼的人都送了礼物，来分享他们的幸福。设空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，意思是“凡是……的人”，相当于anyone who，故用whoever。 17．I couldn't imagine __how__difficult it was for these badly injured victims to make it to the hospital. 解析：句意为：我无法想像这些严重受伤的受害者能成功到达医院该有多么困难。设空处引导宾语从句，空后是形容词difficult，应该用how修饰，how difficult it was意为“这是多么困难”。 18．Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That's __where__ I was born.” 解析：句意为：“那就是我出生的地方，”奶奶指着那家医院对我说。前面提到了医院，所以设空处应该是表地点，故用where引导该表语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。 19．Some people believe__whatever__has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. 解析：句意为：一些人认为，无论是曾经发生过的事情还是现在正在发生的事情，都会在将来重演。从句中缺少主语，且表示“无论……的事情”，故填whatever。 20．—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday? —Yeah, but I have no idea__why__he did it; that's one of his favorite universities. 解析：句意为：——迈克昨天真的拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取吗？——是的，可我不知道他为什么那么做；那是他最喜欢的大学之一。设空处引导同位语从句，用于解释说明idea的内容；从句中缺少状语，根据句意此处表示原因，故用why引导。 I like reading very much. My classmates' question is __1. when__ I began to love reading. Actually, I love reading as a child. I grew up in a college town and I spent all my summer vacations in this university. What I meant was __2. that__ I was surrounded by libraries and the people who loved to read. __3. That__ I went to the library to read every day was one of my favorite hobbies. My love of reading was credited with the fact __4. that__ my parents only let me watch an hour of TV a day. I learned to entertain myself through my mind and imagination. It's not really surprising __5. that__ literature became my vocation. Recently I have been reading a lot of multicultural women's legends. Jane Goodall went to Africa and studied chimps instead of going to university. __6. Whether__ there are some connections between chimps and human beings puzzles me a lot. Thanks to Jane Goodall, her research showed me the answer. She argued __7. that__ wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment. After finishing her story, I still have some doubts __8. how__ she could achieve great success on her own in the forest. Lin Qiaozhi, a doctor, became a specialist in women's illnesses. She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. __9. What__ made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients. __10. Why__ she didn't choose to have a family of her own is clear to me now. 1．I didn't know what one to buy because these books were all useful to me. 答案与解析：what→which　此处表示“不知道该买哪一个”意义，故“疑问词＋不定式”结构中的疑问词应用which。 2．You want to know that everthing is going in our school. 答案与解析：that→how　宾语从句的引导词在从句中作状语，表示go的程度，表示“我们学校的情况如何”，故用how。 3．The problem is what the “Play” doesn't work at all. 答案与解析：what→that　表语从句的引导词在从句中不作成分，而且不表示意义，故用that。what在名词性从句中需要作主语、宾语等。 4．There is no doubt whether I will achieve great progress in English learning with your assistance. 答案与解析：whether→that　否定句或疑问句中doubt后的从句用that引导，肯定句doubt后的从句用whether/if引导。There is no doubt that...“毫无疑问……”。 5．At that time, I just wondered that my mother was so delighted. 答案与解析：that→why　根据wonder判断，引导词表示“为什么”意义，故用why。句子表示“我不明白为什么妈妈那么高兴”。 6．Which is worse, they spat and even threw rubbish into the lake. 答案与解析：Which→What　What is worse是固定用法，意为“更糟糕的是”。 7．I went up and asked what I could help them. 答案与解析：what→if/whether　 宾语从句的引导词不需要在从句中作成分，再根据ask判断句子的引导词表示疑问意义，故应为if/whether。 8．As is known to all that millions of graduates crowded into the job market each year. 答案与解析：As→It　本句是一个it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正主语的句子，故改为it。如果用as，则为As is known to all, millions of graduates...。 9．That you should learn is how to write down the most important words, not the whole sentence. 答案与解析：That→What　主语从句的引导词需要在从句中作learn的宾语，故用what。 10．The main reason for this was because my mother didn't know how to cook anything when she got married. 答案与解析：because→that　was后是表语从句且从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导。 1．Lessons can be learned to face the future __though/although__history cannot be changed. 解析：对比分析两个句子的意思可知从句表达的意思是“虽然；尽管”。句意为：虽然历史不能被改变，但是可以学习经验来面对未来。设空处引导让步状语从句，故填though/although。 2．You will never gain success __unless__you are fully devoted to your work. 解析：根据句意可知主从句间是条件关系，且对比分析两句话间“主将从现”的时态及主句中的否定词never可知用表条件的unless(if...not)。句意为：除非你完全投入到你的工作中，否则你永远无法取得成功。 3．He is a shy man，__but__he is not afraid of anything or anyone. 解析：but用来连接并列但语义对比的两个句子。句意：他是个腼腆的人，但他并不怕任何事或任何人。 4．__Once__the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover. 解析：once一旦。句意：一旦造成损害，土地要好多年才能恢复。 并列句和状语从句 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 5．We need to get to the root of the problem__before__we can solve it. 解析：本题考查状语从句的连词。before表示“主句发生在从句之前”。句意：在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。 6．__Although/Though__the job takes a significant amount of time，most students agree that the experience is worth it. 解析：although/though虽然(表示“虽然”时，不在后面使用连词but，不过有时它可与yet，still，nevertheless等副词连用)。句意：虽然那个工作要花大量的时间，但是大多数学生都觉得这次经历是值得的。 7．That's why I help brighten people's days.If you__don't__，who's to say that another person will? 解析：考查if引导的条件状语从句。在if引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态。此句中的who's to say that another person will用的是将来时，故if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时。句意：这就是为什么我要使人们的日子变得鲜活起来。如果你不这样做，你说谁会这样做？ 8．There is only one more day to go__before__your favorite music group play live. 解析：before意为“在……之前”。句意：离你最喜欢的乐队的现场演奏只剩下一天了。 9．If you miss this chance，it may be years __before__ you get another one. 解析：It be＋时间段＋before...“要过……才会……”。句意：如果你错过这次机会，可能要等很多年才会再有另一个机会。 10．It is so cold that you can't go outside__unless__fully covered in thick clothes. 解析：本题考查状语从句引导词及状语从句的省略。句意：天如此冷以至于你除非完全包裹着厚衣服，否则不能外出。unless除非。unless从句中省略主语you及系动词are。 11. It's a motto that we should never remember the benefit we have offered __nor__ forget the favor received. 解析：句意为：我们应当永远不要记挂我们所给予的好处也不要忘记我们所受的恩惠。这是一则座右铭。nor为表示否定含义的并列词，never...nor...表示“既不……也不……”。 12．Ask any Chinese which city in China is famous for ice and snow, __and__ the answer is sure to be Harbin. 解析：句意为：(如果)你问任何一个中国人中国的哪座城市因冰雪而出名，答案一定是哈尔滨。此处为“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”的结构，两个分句之间为顺承关系，故填and。 13．Stick to what you think is right, __and__ you will gain a surprising happy ending. 解析：句意为：坚持你认为正确的，你会拥有一个幸福的结局。此处为“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”的结构，两个分句之间为顺承关系，故填and。 14．—Can I lie about seeing a text message because I was too busy or lazy to respond to it? —Receiving a text message does not necessarily mean you have to respond. Why waste a perfectly good lie __when__ the truth will serve? 解析：句意为：——当我很累或懒得去答复时，我可以撒谎说没看过短信吗？——收到短信并不一定意味着必须回复。为什么非得滥用一个精心编造的谎言而不去说实话呢？对比分析主从句谓语的动作可知是同时发生，因此用时间状语连词when表示“当……时候”。 15．Though it has been one year __since__ he came to the city, he knows every street here like the back of his hand. 解析：句意为：尽管他来这座城市仅仅一年，但是他对这儿的每条街道了如指掌。本题考查固定句型“it has been＋时间段＋since...”，表示“自从……已经多久了”。 16．—What did he think of the trip to Beijing last month? —He had such a good time __when__ he visited the Great Wall. 解析：句意为：——他认为上个月的北京之行怎么样？——当他去参观长城时玩得很开心。设空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，故填when。本题容易误用成“such...that...”结构。 17．Little __as/though__ he knew about classical music, he pretended to be an expert on it. 解析：句意为：尽管他对古典音乐了解很少，但他假装对此是名专家。分析句意及句子结构可知，设空处所在分句为让步状语从句，且否定词little位于句首，应用倒装结构，故填as或though。although也表“尽管”，但其引导的从句要用正常语序，故不填。 18．People in Dali are very friendly and honest to you __whether__ you are a foreigner or just a local. 解析：句意为：大理的人对你很诚实而友好，无论你是外地人还是当地居民。whether...or...表示“无论是……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。 19．You can smoke here __if__ you leave a window open to let the smoke out. 解析：句意为：如果你留一扇窗户使烟散发出去，你就可以在这里吸烟。根据句意可知，此处为条件状语从句，表示“如果”，故填if。 20．Just__as__ a single word can change the meaning of a sentence，a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph. 解析：句意为：正如单独一个词能改变一个句子的含义一样，一个独立的句子也能改变一个段落的含义。just as意为“正如，正像”，符合句意。 My classmate Michael studied very hard __1. after__ he went to senior school. Every day he worked __2. until__ every one left the classroom. He said he wouldn't stop trying __3. unless__ he got satisfying scores in his studies. Hard __4. as/though__ he tried, he made little progress, but he didn't lose heart at all __5. because__ he believed as long as he persisted he would succeed one day. __6. As__ time went by, he made improvements in his studies and he was admitted to a university in Guangzhou at last. We had a get－together party __7. before__ we started our new life in university. __8. Since__ everyone had got offers from universities, we had a very good time. When we stood __9. where__ we used to play and study, we couldn't help thinking of our happy old days. We believed we would never forget each other, __10. wherever__ we would go or whatever we would do. Before we departed, __11. although/though__we seemed a little sadder __12. than__before, we still fought back the tears. 1．But no sooner had I left when the bus arrived. 答案与解析：when→than　no sooner...than...“刚……就……”，是固定用法。 2．The people's life here has become rich or colorful. 答案与解析：or→and　此处表示“生活丰富多彩”，rich与colorful是并列关系，且本句是肯定句，故连词用and。 3．I called my parents, so I did not tell them what had happened. 答案与解析：so→but　由called与did not tell...的对比判断连词用but。表示“我给父母打电话了，但是没有告诉他们发生了什么”。 4．It isn't very cold, but you needn't bring many clothes with you. 答案与解析：but→so　天不太冷“所以”没有必要带很多衣服，连词用so，表示结果。 5．It may be popular, and you may also get others confused. 答案与解析：and→but　由“get others confused”判断连词用but，表示“可能会受欢迎，但是也会让别人很困惑”。 6．(2015·四川)In fact, I don't like to go anymore, so I'm afraid I'll lose their friendship. 答案与解析：so→but　作者不喜欢再去那里，“但是”又害怕失去他们的友谊，此处表示转折，因此要用but。 7．I'm sure that until we keep on practising, it will be easy for us to learn spoken English well. 答案与解析：until→if　此处表示“如果我们不断地练习，学好英语口语对我们来说就会很容易”，所以用连词if引导一个条件状语从句。 8. One day, I was cooking in the kitchen as the telephone rang. 答案与解析：as→when　be doing...when...“正在做某事，这时……”，是固定句式。 9．Charles Rolls, a car maker, was very interested in Royce's car, but soon Rolls and Royce went into business together. 答案与解析：but→and　“很快他们就合作了”是顺承前一句所说的事情发生的，故连词用and。 10．Work hard, you will make much progress and realize your dream. 答案与解析：you前加and　本句是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句式，表示“做……，那么你就会……”。 11．Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. 答案与解析：去掉but　句意：餐馆虽然不大，却在我们这个区域很受欢迎。though不和but连用，因though位于句首，故去掉but。 12．(2016·新课标Ⅰ)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking. 答案与解析：or→and　句意：每天他都确保用于烹饪的是新鲜的蔬菜和高质量的油。从句意判断前后是并列关系，故把or改为and。 13．If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. 答案与解析：but→and　句意：如果我们待在家里，会很舒服而且也没有必要花钱。上下句之间是并列关系，而非转折关系。 14．Mom has a full－time job, so she has to do most of the housework. 答案与解析：so→but　句意：妈妈做全职工作，但是她得干大部分家务活。前后句之间为转折关系，故应用but连接。 15．Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother's Day. 答案与解析：or→and　句意：爸爸和“我”都打算在母亲节这一天做一些事。both...and...“两者都……”，是固定结构，符合语境。 Ⅰ. 把下列句子变成倒装句 1．We don't know its value until we lose health. __Not__ __until__ __we__ __lose__ __health__ __do__ we know its value. 2．I will never forget you as long as I live. __Never__ __will__ I forget you as long as I live. 3．I had no sooner gone out than it began to rain. __No__ __sooner__ __had__ __I__ __gone__ __out__ than it began to rain. 4．We can improve our English only in this way. __Only__ __in__ __this__ __way__ __can__ __we__ improve our English. 5．We have so much homework to do that we have no time to take a rest. __So__ __much__ __homework__ __do__ we have to do that we have no time to take a rest. 特殊句式 6．If it had not been for your help, I would have been late for school. __Had__ __it__ __not__ __been__ for your help, I would have been late for school. Ⅱ. 用括号中所给词的正确形式填空 1．Either you or the headmaster __is__ (be) to hand out the prizes to those gifted students at the meeting. 2．The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, __was_visiting__ (visit) a museum when the earthquake struck. 3．Two fifths of the land in that district __is__ (be) covered with trees and grass. 4．Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, __work__(work) in the clothing industry. 5．With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth __are_being_washed__ (wash) away each year. 6．He is the only one of the students who __has_been__ (be) the winner of scholarship for three years. 7．Every possible means __has_been_used__ (use)to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. 8．When and where to go for the on－salary holiday__has_not_been_decided__(not, decide) yet. 9．She has set a new record, that is, the sales of her latest book __have_reached__ (reach) 50 million. 10．Professor Smith, along with his assistants，__is_working__(work) on the project day and night to meet the deadline. Ⅲ. 根据句意与特殊句式，填入适当的词，使句意完整。 1．__Only__by working hard can you catch up with the other students in your class. 答案与解析：句意：只有通过努力学习，你才能赶上班里其他的同学。“only＋状语”置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。 2．Not until he went through real hardship __did__ he realize the love we have for our families is important. 答案与解析：句意：直到经历了真正的困难，他才意识到我们热爱家人的重要性。not until ...置于句首，主句需要部分倒装，用did。 3．At no time __did__ they actually break the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them. 答案与解析：句意：实际上他们从来不违反比赛规定，惩罚他们不公平。题干中表示否定意义的at no time置于句首，句子应该部分倒装。 4．“Never for a second，” the boy says，“__did__ I doubt that my father would come to my rescue.” 答案与解析：句意：那个男孩说：“我一秒钟都没有怀疑过我父亲会来救我。”表示否定意义的词(主语除外)位于句首时句子要用部分倒装，根据句意可知说的是过去的事情，故用did。 5．Not once __did__ it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class. 答案与解析：句意：迈克尔不止一次想过有朝一日他会成为班里的优等生。表否定的not once置于句首，后面的句子需采用部分倒装形式。 6．__Only__when he apologizes for his rudeness will I speak to him again. 答案与解析：句意：只有在他为自己的无礼道歉时我才会再理他。“only＋状语从句”置于句首时，主句部分倒装。 7．It was only after he had read the papers __that__ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete. 答案与解析：句意：直到阅读了这些文件之后，格罗斯先生才意识到摆在他面前的任务是极难完成的。It is/was ... that ...是强调句型。还原为普通句式为：Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete only after he had read the papers. 8．It was not until near the end of the letter __that__ she mentioned her own plan. 答案与解析：句意：直到在书信快结束的时候她才提到她自己的计划。本题考查not ... until ...的强调句形式，即It is/was not until ... that ...。 9．It was with the help of the local guide __that__ the mountain climber was rescued. 答案与解析：句意：正是在当地导游的帮助下这个登山者才被营救了。被强调部分为with the help of the local guide，将本句还原为普通句式为With the help of the local guide, the mountain climber was rescued.判断强调句型的方法：把It is/was和that去掉后剩余的部分仍是一个完整的句子。 10．It was not until I came here __that__ I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather. 答案与解析：句意：直到来到这里我才意识到这里之所以出名不仅是因为它的美丽还因为它的天气。强调句结构为it was not until ... that ... “直到……才……”。 11．Little __does__ she care what she looks like; all she cares about is her job performance. 答案与解析：句意：她不在乎外表，她在乎的是自己的工作表现。表否定意义的little位于句首，句子要用部分倒装。 12．Only after Mary read her composition the second time __did__ she notice the spelling mistake. 答案与解析：句意：直到第二次读了她的作文之后玛丽才注意到那个拼写错误。“only＋状语从句”置于句首时，主句要部分倒装，即助动词置于主语前。其次，根据after引导的从句的时态可知，该句要用一般过去时。 13．Only when he reached the teahouse __did__ he realize it was the same place he'd been in last year. 答案与解析：句意：直到他到了茶馆的时候，他才意识到这就是他去年来的地方。only修饰状语(从句)置于句首时，句子(主句)需部分倒装。 14．Find ways to praise your children often，__and__ you'll find they will open their hearts to you. 答案与解析：句意：设法常常表扬你的孩子，这样你就会发现他们会向你敞开心扉。根据句意可知，前句后表顺承关系，故填and。 15．Was it on a lonely island __that__ he was saved one month after the boat went down? 答案与解析：句意：他是不是在船沉了一个月之后在一个孤岛上被人救出来的？结合句意可知，这里用It was ... that强调句结构，被强调的是地点状语on a lonely island。 Ⅳ. 语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。A There __1. was__ (be) a girl named Cinderella whose stepmother had two ugly and lazy daughters. Not only __2. did__ they get good cares, but also they needed to do nothing. However, __3. only__ by doing dirty housework could Cinderella get access to food; and seldom could she __4. gain__ (gain) some rest. Not __5. until__ midnight was she allowed to go to bed. Poor __6. as/though__ she was, she was very beautiful. One day, from the palace came __7. an__ invitation, saying that the prince would choose his wife. Away went her stepmother and her stepsisters to the palace. Never had Cinderella __8. been__ (be) permitted to go with them.“__9. Were__(be) I a princess, I would live a whole new life！” sighed Cinderella. No sooner had she sat down __10. than__ a goddess appeared and gave her a smart dress, a cargo as well as horses. But she warned Cinderella that everything would disappear at 12 o'clock. When Cinderella arrived at the party, __11. so__ attractive was Cinderella that the prince only danced with her. Hardly had the clock stricken twelve __12. when__ Cinderella began to run, and she left a crystal slipper on the stair. The prince's servant came to Cinderella's to find out the owner of the slipper. Cinderella's elder sister couldn't wear it. __13. Neither/Nor__ could another sister. Not a word could anybody say when Cinderella wore the slipper perfectly. From then on she lived happily ever after with her prince. 文章大意：灰姑娘每天都要做很多家务，而继母和她的女儿则整日欺负灰姑娘。王子举行选妃舞会，灰姑娘在仙女的帮助下，漂漂亮亮地参加了舞会，并最终成为了王妃。 解析： 1．因There be句型为完全倒装，主语为a girl，故谓语动词是was。 2．因not only，..but(also)．..连接两个并列分句，not only放在句首，其后分句需要部分倒装：从前后语境看，get该用一般过去时，而get是原形，故前面应加助动词did。 3．从could Cinderella get这一部分倒装可以推断，前面是“only＋状语(介词短语)”。 4．seldom否定词放在句首时，句子需要部分倒装，又情态动词could提到主语前面了，因此gain用动词原形。 5．Not until...引导状语从句。 6．as/though引导让步状语从句，其表语poor提前了。 7．作地点状语的介词短语from the palace提前，句子用完全倒装，invitation(请柬)作主语，前面用不定冠词。 8．因否定词never放在句首时，句子需要部分倒装；这是过去完成时的被动语态．故填been。 9．此处的Were I．..(＝If I were...)表示与现在事实相反的假设。 10．no sooner...than...是固定搭配，意为“一……就”。 11．so...that...是固定搭配，意为“如此……以至于……”。 12．hardly...when...是固定搭配，意为“一……就……”。 13．灰姑娘的一个姐姐不适合，另一个姐姐也不适合。用neither/nor表示前面所述情况也不适合另一个人或物。 Our school library, along with many other buildings, is very different from other schools'. There __1. are__ (be) two computer rooms, three art rooms, a meeting room and a reading room in the library building. The number of the books __2. is__ (be) large, and maybe there are 100,000 books in it. It is said that all the books cost our school 200,000 dollars. Maybe 200,000 dollars __3. is__ (be) large to every student. In the era of knowledge explosion, the number of the students who __4. have__ (have) a thirst for knowledge is increasing day by day. Nowadays, our library has been developed into a multifunctional building. There are 50 computers in it. Many a student __5. likes__ (like) to surf the Internet at weekends here and now you can see that my classmates, Mike and John __6. are_playing__ (play) computer games there. When you turn to another room, you will find that a professor and writer __7. is_delivering__ (deliver) a speech. Each boy and each girl __8. is_focusing__(focus)on his interesting speech. Every time there is a wonderful speech, the audience always __9. cheer/cheers__(cheer) up. You are entering our art exhibition. A teacher with his students is at the room. On the wall __10. are__(be) 100 pictures, which attract many students. An expert and teacher is explaining something important to us. 解析： 1．因there be句型中be动词常与离其最近的主语保持一致。 2．主语是the number of＋名词的复数时，谓语动词用单数形式。 3．时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数当一个整体来作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 4．关系代词who，that，which等在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数保持一致。 5．many a＋名词作主语时，尽管意义上是复数，但因中心词是单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式。 6．两个名词由and连接作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。 7．当and连接的两个名词是指同一人时，谓语动词应该用单数形式。a professor and writer意思是“一名教授兼作家”。 8．由and连接的单数主语，前面有each，every，no等修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 9．集体名词group，class，family，army，audience等作主语时，如果强调集体，谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调个体，谓语动词用复数形式。 10．在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语保持一致。 Ⅰ. 根据语境，用所给词的适当形式填空 1．It is __illegal__(legal) to drive after drinking alcohol in most countries. 解析：句意：大多数国家，酒后开车违法。 2．__Misleading__ (lead) advertisements are not allowed by law. 解析：句意：法律不允许误导的广告。 3．It is __unreasonable__(reasonable)to stick to this absurd proposal. 解析：句意：坚持这种荒谬的建议是不合理的。 4．You must be __illiterate__(literate) if you have not heard of Shakespeare. 解析：句意：如果你没听说过莎士比亚，那你一定很无知。 5．There exists the __imbalance__(balance) between the rich and poor countries. 解析：句意：富国与穷国之间存在着不平衡。 6．Her illness had made her completely __immobile__(mobile)． 解析：句意：她的病使得她完全不能活动了。 7．His identity is __unknown__(know) to us so we have to confirm. 解析：句意：他的身份为我们所不知，所以我们得证实。 语法查漏 --- 构词法 8．He seems to be __unaware__(aware)of the trouble he is making. 解析：句意：他似乎不知道他正造成的麻烦。 9．Jim is __impatient__(patient)with his little sister who is so noisy. 解析：句意：吉姆对他吵闹的小妹妹不耐烦。 10．The __unexpected__(expect)death of her son made her sad. 解析：句意：她儿子意外死亡让她很悲伤。 11．Running a business without a budget(预算) is __impractical__(practical)． 解析：句意：经营生意而没有预算是不实际的。 12．The government __disclosed__(close) that another ambassador had been arrested for spying. 解析：句意：政府公开另一个外交大使因间谍罪被逮捕。 13．The bright dress is __improper__(proper)for a funeral. 解析：句意：鲜艳的衣服不合适参加葬礼。 14．This delay was __unavoidable__(avoidable)so we had to be patient. 解析：句意：延迟不可避免，所以我们得耐心。 15．His income is __inadequate__(adequate) to meet his basic needs and he has to find another job. 解析：句意：他的收入不足以满足基本要求，他得再找份工作。 16．Students get a __discount__(count)of 25% on plane tickets. 解析：句意：学生享有25%的机票折扣。 17．The water is __unfit__(fit)for drinking and you have to go without water. 解析：句意：这水不适宜饮用，你只能不喝水了。 18．It's __dishonest__(honesty)to lie about one's age. 解析：句意：谎报自己的年龄是不诚实的。 19．The injured man was __incapable__(capable)of walking, so he had to be carried. 解析：句意：那个受伤的人不能走路，所以他得被人背着。 20．He was __unable__(ability)to sleep at night because of his anxiety. 解析：句意：由于焦虑，晚上他不能入睡。 Ⅱ. 用所给词的正确形式填空 1．The Chinese people are very __friendly__(friend) to foreigners. 解析：空处应填friend的形容词形式。 2．I think it'll be __sunny__(sun)this afternoon. 解析：空处应填形容词作表语。 3．David moved __cautiously__(caution) forward. 解析：句意：大卫小心翼翼地往前挪。 4．Without reform, social and economic problems can only be __worse__(bad)． 解析：句意：没有改革，社会和经济问题只会每况愈下。 5．The teacher gave them __instructions__(instruct)to arrive early tomorrow morning. 解析：句意：老师命令他们明天早晨要早到。 6．Excessive dosage(剂量)of this drug can result in __injury__(injure)to the liver. 解析：名词injury表示“伤害”。 7．“Thank you.” is a polite __expression__(express) which is widely used in English. 解析：a polite expression表示“一种礼貌的表达”。 8．He __bravely__(brave)went into the burning house to rescue the baby. Everybody present praised him for his __bravery__(brave)． 解析：第一空用副词修饰动词；第二空前有物主代词his，后面用名词。 9．Most Chinese like drinking tea, while __Americans__(America) like coffee. 解析：Americans与前一句中Chinese相呼应。 10．More and more people go in for sports in modern __times__(time)． 解析：in modern/ancient times“在现代/古代”，为固定搭配。 11．Nice to meet you, Tom. Did you have a good __flight__(fly)? 解析：形容词后接名词。 12．Too much hunting __endangered__(danger) many species in the past. 解析：动词作谓语，根据in the past可知用一般过去时。 13．Harry Potter is a boy who is full of __imagination__(imagine)． 解析：名词imagination表示“想象力”。 14．After __graduation/graduating__(graduate), he left China for America for further study. 解析：介词后接名词或动名词。 15．If you want to go __traveling__(travel), you'd better get everything ready in advance. 解析：go traveling/swimming/fishing/camping/shopping等为固定结构。 16．Which means of __transportation__(transport) will you use if you travel to Beijing? 解析：means of transportation“交通方式”。 17．You should assume that the __winners__(win) would receive big money but they only got a certificate. 解析：从后面的they可以看出，此处指“获胜者”，并且要用复数。 18．__Surprisingly__(surprise), he should lose his temper in public. 解析：副词surprisingly表示“令人吃惊地”，修饰整个句子。 19．__Unexpectedly__(expect), the injured athlete came first in the 100－meter dash. 解析：副词unexpectedly表示“出人意料地”，修饰整个句子。 20．The fish is a bit __smelly__(smell). We can't eat it. 解析：be动词后用形容词。smelly“臭的”。 21．Look up the __meaning__(mean)of the word in the dictionary. 解析：名词meaning表示“意思”。 22．New __scientific__(science) discoveries are being made at an increasing speed. 解析：形容词scientific表示“科学的”。 23．The mother __undressed__(dress) her baby and gave it a bath. 解析：动词undress表示“脱衣”，与gave一致，用过去时。 24．The scenery of Zhangjiajie is so __attractive__(attract) that many tourists go there every year. 解析：形容词attractive表示“迷人的”。 25．The farmer was bitten to death by__poisonous__(poison) snakes. 解析：形容词poisonous表示“有毒的”。