中考英语总复习提分特训语法专项训练六简单句和主谓一致

中考英语总复习提分特训语法专项训练六简单句和主谓一致

语法专项训练六　简单句和主谓一致 简单句 一、单项填空 ‎1.Across from my home,　　　 a shop which sells things from foreign countries. ‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　‎ A.it is B.it has　‎ C.there is D.that is 答案:C 解析:there be结构表示某地有某物。‎ ‎2.—　　　 brave Zhang Hua is! ‎ ‎—Yes.He helped his neighbor Mrs. Sun out of the fire.‎ A.What a B.How ‎ C.How a D.What 答案:B 解析:由brave是形容词,因此用how引导感叹句。‎ ‎3.—You come from England,don’t you?‎ ‎—　　　.How do you know that? ‎ A.No,I do B.No,I don’t C.Yes,I am D.Yes,I do 答案:D 解析:由“How do you know that?”判断用肯定回答。‎ ‎4.Jim never goes to the movies on Saturdays,　　　? ‎ A.does Jim B.doesn’t Jim C.doesn’t he D.does he 答案:D 解析:反意疑问句的主语不用人名,而要用相应的人称代词;由never表示否定可知此处用肯定形式。故选D项。‎ ‎5.—Sorry I’m late.‎ ‎—　　　 tell me the bus broke down again! ‎ A.Never to B.Not ‎ C.Don’t D.No 答案:C 解析:祈使句的否定形式为Don’t+动词原形。‎ ‎6.—　　　interesting speech Mr.Zhang has given us! ‎ ‎—Yes.His pronunciation is good,too.‎ A.How B.What C.What an D.How an 答案:C 解析:本句是感叹句,中心词是speech,且interesting以元音音素开头,前用冠词an。故用What an。‎ ‎7.—　　　 any students in the classroom when the earthquake happened? ‎ ‎—Yes,but they have been saved.‎ A.There were B.Was there ‎ C.There are D.Were there 答案:D 解析:由主语是复数名词student可知be动词用复数形式,再由问句是一般疑问句可知选D项。‎ ‎8.There is little milk in the glass,　　　? ‎ A.is there B.isn’t there C.isn’t it D.does it 答案:A 解析:there be句型的反意疑问句主语用there;little表示否定,问句用肯定形式。‎ ‎9.They came here to have a meeting on time,　　　? ‎ A.didn’t they B.did they C.don’t they D.do they 答案:A 解析:反意疑问句前肯定后否定;由动词came可知为一般过去时。故选A项。‎ ‎10.　　　 here and don’t go around,or your parents can’t find you. ‎ A.To stay B.Stayed C.Stay D.Staying 答案:C 解析:本句是祈使句,句首的动词用原形。 ‎ ‎11.　　　 play with fire.　　　 with fire is dangerous. ‎ A.Don’t;Playing B.Not;Playing C.Don’t;Play D.Not to;To play 答案:A 解析:祈使句的否定形式为Don’t+动词原形;第二个空用动词-ing形式做主语。故选A项。‎ ‎12.Few of the students passed the math exam on Tuesday,　　　? ‎ A.did they B.don’t they C.didn’t they D.do they 答案:A 解析:few表示否定,所以反意疑问句用肯定形式;动词passed是过去式,助动词需用did。故选A项。‎ ‎13.—　　　can we board our plane? ‎ ‎—In twenty minutes.‎ A.How soon B.How long C.How often D.How far 答案:A 解析:对“in+时间段”提问用how soon,意为“多久以后”。故选A项。‎ ‎14.—Must I wash my clothes now,Dad?‎ ‎—No,you　　　.You can do it after the talk show. ‎ A.mustn’t B.shouldn’t C.wouldn’t D.needn’t 答案:D 解析:由下文句意“你可以在脱口秀之后做”可推测现在不必洗衣服。故选D项。‎ ‎15.—She doesn’t like geography, does she?‎ ‎—　　　.She became interested in it when she was a young child. ‎ A.Yes, she does B.Yes, she doesn’t C.No, she does D.No, she doesn’t 答案:A 解析:反意疑问句的回答不能用“Yes,she doesn’t”或“No,she does”的形式;由“她很小就对它感兴趣”判断选肯定回答。‎ ‎16.I’d like to have some more soup.　　　 delicious it is! ‎ A.What B.What a　‎ C.How D.How a 答案:C 解析:delicious是形容词,因此用how进行感叹。‎ ‎17.　　　 weather it is today!Let’s go out for a walk. ‎ A.How fine B.What fine C.What a fine D.How a fine 答案:B 解析:本句是感叹句,中心词是不可数名词weather,其前不能用不定冠词a/an修饰。修饰词用what不能用how。故选B项。‎ ‎18.—Who’s that girl?‎ ‎—　　　? ‎ ‎—The one behind the tree.‎ A.Whose one B.Who’s that one C.Which one D.Where’s the one 答案:C 解析:由答语“树后面的那个”判断用which提问“哪一个”。‎ ‎19.—　　　will it take you to get to the post office? ‎ ‎—About half an hour.‎ A.How old B.How long C.How soon D.How often 答案:B 解析:由答语“大约半小时”可知用how long提问一段时间。‎ ‎20.—Don’t smoke here,please.‎ ‎—　　　. ‎ A.I don’t B.Sorry,I won’t ‎ C.No way D.I will 答案:B 解析:由“请别在这儿吸烟”可知应回答为“对不起,我不吸了”。‎ ‎21.　　　is the population of China? ‎ A.How much B.How many C.How long D.What 答案:D 解析:提问“人口”population应用what。‎ ‎22.—　　　 good advice! ‎ ‎—I agree with you.We are sure to learn something.‎ A.What B.How　　　‎ C.What a D.How a 答案:A 解析:good advice“好建议”是名词短语,且advice 是不可数名词。故选A项。‎ ‎23.—Put some chicken on a slice of bread and add a teaspoon of butter.What else?‎ ‎—Next 　　　some tomatoes. ‎ A.cut up B.cuts up ‎ C.to cut up D.cutting up 答案:A 解析:祈使句以动词原形开头。故选A项。‎ ‎24.—They haven’t paid for their tickets,have they?‎ ‎—　　　.They didn’t pay any money. ‎ A.Yes,they have B.No,they haven’t C.Yes,they haven’t D.No,they have 答案:B 解析:反意疑问句的回答不能用“Yes+否定”或“No+肯定”的形式,所以排除C、D两项;由“他们一点钱也没付”判断选否定回答。故选B项。‎ ‎25.We’d better stay at home on such a rainy day,　　　? ‎ A.do we B.don’t we C.had we D.hadn’t we 答案:D 解析:当陈述部分含有had better时,反意疑问句部分用“hadn’t+主语”。‎ ‎26.—Sorry for being late again.‎ ‎—　　　here on time next time,or you’ll be punished. ‎ A.Be B.Being C.To be D.Been 答案:A 解析:本句是祈使句,句首动词用原形。‎ ‎27.I don’t think he’s fit for this job,　　　? ‎ A.is he B.isn’t he C.do I D.don’t I 答案:A 解析:当陈述部分的主句是“I think”等结构时,反意疑问句部分通常由从句中的主语和谓语动词决定,并且要注意“否定前移”。故选A项。‎ ‎28.Nothing is wrong with your bike,　　　? ‎ A.isn’t it B.is it C.is nothing D.isn’t anything 答案:B 解析:当陈述部分的主语是指物的不定代词(something/anything/nothing/everything)时,问句部分的主语用it;nothing表示否定,所以反意疑问句部分用肯定形式。‎ ‎29.—Alice,do you like my kite?‎ ‎—　　　!It’s the nicest one I’ve ever seen! ‎ A.What wonderful B.How wonderful kite C.How wonderful D.What wonderful kite 答案:C 解析:wonderful是形容词,因此用how修饰。故选C项。‎ ‎30.—Are you going to borrow a pen or a pencil?‎ ‎—　　　. ‎ A.A pen B.Yes,a pen C.No,pencil D.Yes,both 答案:A 解析:选择疑问句的答语应根据具体情况进行回答。故选A项。‎ ‎31.Tom can speak French.　　　. ‎ A.So Jack can B.Jack so can C.So can Jack D.Can Jack so 答案:C 解析:So+情态动词/助动词/系动词+主语,表示前者的情况也适合于后者,且前句必须为肯定句。‎ ‎32.If you don’t go,　　　. ‎ A.I will neither B.neither will I C.I neither D.neither do I 答案:B 解析:如果前句为否定句,后句可用“Neither +情态动词/助动词/系动词+主语”表示前者情况也适合于后者。‎ ‎33.—His sister likes going hiking.‎ ‎—　　　. ‎ A.So is his mother B.So his mother is C.So does his mother D.So his mother does 答案:C 解析:So+助动词/情态动词/系动词+另一个主语,表示“另一个主语也……”。句意:——他的姐姐喜欢去远行。——他的妈妈也如此。故选C项。‎ ‎34.—Would your younger sister go for a picnic this Saturday?‎ ‎—If I don’t go,　　　. ‎ A.so does she　　 B.so will she C.neither does she　　 D.neither will she 答案:D 解析:If引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来,主句用一般将来时,排除A项和C项;此处表示“如果我不去,她也不去”,为将来的做法,使用neither引导的倒装句,故选D项。‎ ‎35.Never 　　　to Beijing before. ‎ A.I have been B.have been I C.have I been D.I been have 答案:C 解析:Never放在句首,常构成倒装结构。句意:以前我从未去过北京。‎ ‎36.Not only 　　　a first-class brain but he is also very hard-working. ‎ A.he has B.does he have C.he had D.had he 答案:B 解析:not only...but also...意为“不仅……而且……”,连接两个并列句时,第一个句子用倒装。句意:他不仅有着聪明的头脑,而且工作很能吃苦。‎ 二、句型转换 ‎1.Alice has a tennis racket.(改为一般疑问句)‎ ‎　　　 Alice 　　　　　a tennis racket? ‎ 答案:Does;have 解析:动词has在变一般疑问句时需加助动词does,然后把has改为原形have。‎ ‎2.We are going to study in the new school in two months.(对画线部分提问) ‎ ‎　　　 　　　　　are you going to study in the new school? ‎ 答案:How soon 解析:in two months“两个月后”用how soon“多久以后”提问。‎ ‎3.English is very useful.(改为感叹句)‎ ‎　　　 　　　　　English is! ‎ 答案:How useful 解析:useful是形容词,用how引导感叹句。‎ ‎4.My mother does the housework every day.(改为否定句)‎ My mother 　　　　　　　　　　the housework every day. ‎ 答案:doesn’t do 解析:does是实义动词,否定时需加助动词does,再加not,然后把其改为原形do。‎ ‎5.Let’s go and help the old man to cross the road.(改为反意疑问句)‎ Let’s go and help the old man to cross the road,　　　　　 　　　　　? ‎ 答案:shall we 解析:let’s开头的祈使句变反意疑问句时用shall we。‎ ‎6.My pen pal is from America.(用Japan改为选择疑问句)‎ Is your pen pal from America 　　　　　　　　　　? ‎ 答案:or Japan 解析:选择疑问句用or连接选择的部分。‎ ‎7.He did some work this morning.(改为否定句)‎ He 　　　　　do 　　　　　work this morning. ‎ 答案:didn’t;any 解析:变否定句时要把some变为any;实义动词did变否定形式时要加助动词did,再加not,然后把其改为原形do。‎ ‎8.The boy next to Li Lei is my friend.(对画线部分提问) ‎ ‎　　　 　　　　　is your friend? ‎ 答案:Which boy 解析:next to Li Lei是介词短语做定语修饰名词boy,用which提问。‎ ‎9.You shouldn’t listen to music in class.(改为祈使句)‎ ‎　　　 　　　　　to music in class! ‎ 答案:Don’t listen 解析:祈使句的否定形式由“Don’t+动词原形”构成。‎ ‎10.Kevin will take a holiday to France next week.(用two weeks ago改写句子)‎ Kevin 　　　　　a holiday to France two weeks ago. ‎ 答案:took 解析:two weeks ago“两年前”,是一般过去时的时间状语标志,故答案是took。‎ 主谓一致 一、单项填空 ‎1.Look!Jack and his monkey 　　　flying disk together in the garden now. ‎ A.is playing　　　　　　　B.was playing C.are playing D.were playing 答案:C 解析:主语Jack and his monkey是复数,动词用are或were;由Look!和now判断用现在进行时。故选C项。‎ ‎2.The news 　　　very interesting!Tell me more! ‎ A.is B.are C.were D.being 答案:A 解析:主语news是不可数名词,系动词应用单数形式。‎ ‎3.There 　　　some milk and two eggs on the table. ‎ A.is B.are　‎ C.has D.have ‎ 答案:A 解析:there be结构中谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致,milk是不可数名词,因此be动词用is。故选A项。‎ ‎4.This pair of pants 　　　mine.Yours may 　　　on the bed. ‎ A.is;be B.are;be　‎ C.are;are D.is;is 答案:A 解析:this pair of...做主语时谓语动词与pair保持一致;may情态动词后跟动词原形。故选A项。‎ ‎5.Every man and every woman 　　　at work. ‎ A.be B.are C.is D.am 答案:C 解析:由each,each...and each...,every...and every...做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。‎ ‎6.The summer holidays are coming,so the twins as well as Jack 　　　to Hong Kong for vacation. ‎ A.is going B.are going C.goes D.go 答案:B 解析:as well as连接并列主语时,谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致,再由前一句可知时态为一般将来时。故选B项。‎ ‎7.There 　　　three bottles of wine on the table. ‎ A.is B.are C.has D.have 答案:B 解析:主语为bottles,因此谓语动词用复数形式,本句是there be结构,故选B项。‎ ‎8.—I called you at 5:00 yesterday afternoon,but no one answered.‎ ‎—Sorry,I with my parents 　　　at that time. ‎ A.was shopping B.were shopping　‎ C.are shopping D.went shopping 答案:A 解析:with连接并列主语时谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致,再由at that time可知时态为过去进行时。故选A项。‎ ‎9.Everyone except Tom and John 　　　seen the film. ‎ A.is B.has C.are D.have 答案:B 解析:过去分词seen前应填have/has构成现在完成时;主语后跟except短语时,谓语动词应与主语即except前面的词保持一致,所以选B项。‎ ‎10.Both Jim and Kate 　　　in Beijing now.They both 　　　from America. ‎ A.is;come B.are;come C.is;comes D.are;comes 答案:B 解析:both...and...连接并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;they both“他们两个都”后动词也用复数形式。‎ ‎11.Either Sam or Jane 　　　TV now. ‎ A.were watching B.are watching C.is watching D.was watching 答案:C 解析:‎ either...or...连接并列主语时,谓语动词与邻近的主语一致;由now判断用现在进行时。故选C项。‎ ‎12.—How many girls are there in your class?‎ ‎—　　　 them 　　　over twenty. ‎ A.A number of;are B.The number of;are　‎ C.A number of;is D.The number of;is 答案:D 解析:the number of...“……的数量”,做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数。‎ ‎13.—How much 　　　the pair of shoes? ‎ ‎—Twenty dollars 　　　enough. ‎ A.is;is B.is;are C.are;is D.are;are 答案:A 解析:第一句主语是pair,故用is;第二句twenty dollars看作一个整体,也用is。‎ ‎14.—Which would you like,tea or coffee?‎ ‎—Either 　　　OK,but I prefer coffee 　　　milk. ‎ A.is;has B.are;with ‎ C.is;with D.are;has ‎ 答案:C 解析:不定代词either做主语时,谓语动词用单数;with“带着;具有”。‎ ‎15.One or two friends 　　　coming to visit me tonight. ‎ A.is B.are C.was D.were 答案:B 解析:主语中含单数和复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。本句是一般现在时。故选B项。‎ ‎16.We know that doing exercise 　　　good for our health. ‎ A.be B.am C.is D.are 答案:C 解析:动词-ing形式做主语,谓语动词用单数形式,故选C项。‎ ‎17.Not only my friends but also I 　　　interested in football and Messi is our favorite star. ‎ A.be B.am C.is D.are 答案:B 解析:not only...but also...连接主语,谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则,最近的主语是I,故选B项。‎ ‎18.What I want to say 　　　that we should concentrate on our study. ‎ A.be B.is C.are D.am 答案:B 解析:what从句做主语时,如果表示的是单数意义,则谓语动词用单数形式。由句意“我想说的是我们应该把精力集中在学习上”可知应选B项。‎ ‎19.One of the women 　　　from America. ‎ A.is B.are C.has D.being 答案:A 解析:be from意为“来自”,可排除C、D选项;“one ‎ of+复数名词”做主语,谓语动词用单数形式,故选A项。‎ ‎20.—What do you think of the talent show of last weekend?‎ ‎—Wonderful!There 　　　a large number of people there. ‎ A.is B.are C.was D.were 答案:D 解析:people是集合名词,做主语时,谓语动词应用复数形式,可排除A、C选项;由关键词“last weekend”可知谓语动词应用一般过去时,故选D项。‎ ‎21.Tom with other boys 　　　to go and 　　　a game. ‎ A.want;watch B.wants;watches C.wants;watch D.want;to watch 答案:C 解析:主语后面跟with短语时,谓语动词的数与主语保持一致,可排除A、D选项;and连接并列成分,故选C项。‎ ‎22.Nobody except Tom and Mary 　　　in the classroom.The other students are watching the basketball game on the playground now. ‎ A.am B.is C.are D.be 答案:B 解析:主语(nobody)后面跟except时,谓语动词的数与主语保持一致,故选B项。‎ ‎23.Neither Alan nor I 　　　interested in the project. ‎ A.is B.am C.are D.be 答案:B 解析:neither...nor...引导两个主语时,谓语动词应根据就近原则,靠近主语I,用am。故选B项。‎ ‎24.The shoes 　　　mine.This pair of shoes 　　　my brother’s. ‎ A.are;is B.is;are C.are;are D.are;am 答案:A 解析:第一个句子主语是shoes,谓语动词应用复数形式,可排除B项;第二个空主语是pair,谓语动词应用单数形式,故选A项。‎ ‎25.—Two months 　　　quite a long time. ‎ ‎—Yes.I’m afraid that Tony will miss a lot of lessons.‎ A.is B.has been C.was D.were 答案:A 解析:时间做主语,谓语动词用单数形式。‎ ‎26.One of my friends 　　　moved to America.I miss her so much. ‎ A.has B.have C.is D.are 答案:A 解析:句意:我的一个朋友搬到美国了,我很想念她。后一句是前一句的影响和后果,因此用现在完成时;主语是one,谓语动词用单数形式。‎ ‎27.Look!The police 　　　the food onto the bank of the river. ‎ A.am carrying B.is carrying C.are carrying D.are carried 答案:C 解析:由Look可知,本句用现在进行时。句意:警察正在往河岸上搬运食品。police表复数含义,做主语时,谓语动词应用复数形式。故选C项。‎ ‎28.Either she or her parents　　　going to the party next week. ‎ A.is B.are C.be D.were 答案:B 解析:either...or...引导并列主语时,谓语动词的数应根据就近原则,空格前的主语是parents,故选B项。‎ 二、词汇考查 ‎1.Eating junk food too much 　　　　　(be) bad for your health. ‎ 答案:is 解析:动词-ing形式做主语,谓语动词用单数。‎ ‎2.None of the work 　　　　　(have) been finished. ‎ 答案:has 解析:work是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。‎ ‎3.A number of trees 　　　　　　　　　　　　(plant) yesterday. ‎ 答案:were planted 解析:a number of加名词复数做主语时谓语动词用复数,且根据时间状语yesterday可知用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎4.The old 　　　　　　　　　　(take) good care of in China. ‎ 答案:are taken 解析:“the+形容词”指一类人,做主语时谓语动词用复数形式,且与谓语take good care of是被动关系。‎ ‎5.Either Jim or Maria 　　　　　(be) going to help us this afternoon. ‎ 答案:is 解析:“either...or...”连接并列主语时,谓语动词要依据“就近原则”而定。‎ ‎6.Ten minutes 　　　　　(be) enough for us to clean the classroom. ‎ 答案:is 解析:表时间的复数名词做主语,谓语动词用单数形式。‎ ‎7.The family 　　　　　　　　　　(watch) TV when I came in. ‎ 答案:were watching 解析:the family指“一家人”。‎ ‎8.Not only my parents but also my brother 　　　　　(know) him very well. ‎ 答案:knows 解析:not only...but also...连接并列主语时谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。‎ ‎9.Three fifths of the population 　　　　　(be) farmers in China. ‎ 答案:are 解析:population前加分数或百分数做主语时,谓语动词用复数。‎ ‎10.Each student 　　　　　(wear) a uniform. ‎ 答案:wears 解析:each加单数名词做主语,谓语动词用单数形式。‎