2019届一轮复习译林版必修三Unit3Backtothepast单元学案设计（41页）

2019届一轮复习译林版必修三Unit3Backtothepast单元学案设计（41页）

‎2019届一轮复习译林版必修三Unit 3Back to the past单元学案设计 一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇 Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．civilization n．　　　　　 文明 ‎2．BC abbr. 公元前 ‎3．volcano n. 火山 ‎4．AD abbr. 公元 ‎5．erupt vi. (火山等)爆发 ‎6．commercial adj. 商业的，贸易的 ‎7．sandstorm n. 沙尘暴，风沙 ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎8．institute n．　　　　 　 (教育或其他专业)机构，研究所 ‎9．aircraft n. 飞机 ‎10．carrier n. 航空母舰，运输设备；运输公司 ‎11．statue n. 雕塑，雕像 ‎12．corrupt vt. 使腐化，使堕落 adj. 贪污的，腐败的 ‎13．*complain vi. 抱怨 ‎14．*Roman n. 罗马人 adj. 罗马的，罗马人的　‎ ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎15．*lava n．　　　　 　 熔岩，火山岩 ‎16．*workshop n. 作坊，车间 ‎17．*historical adj. 历史的；与历史研究相关的 ‎18．*solution n. 解决办法，解答 ‎19．*pearl n. 珍珠 ‎20．*philosophy n. 哲学 Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第四屏听写]‎ ‎1．lecture n．　　　 　 　 讲座 ‎2．found vt. 兴建，创建 ‎3．ash n. 灰，灰烬 ‎4．pour vi. 涌流，倾泻 vt. 倒出(液体)‎ ‎5．unfortunate adj. 不幸的，遗憾的 ‎6．mud n. 泥浆，烂泥 ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎7．decorate vt.　　 　 　 装饰，装潢 ‎8．flee vt. & vi. 逃避，逃跑；迅速离开 ‎9．researcher n. 研究者，调查者 ‎10．truetolife adj. 逼真的 ‎ ‎11．disaster n. 灾难 ‎12．destroy vt. 毁坏，摧毁 ‎13．wealthy adj. 富有的，富裕的 ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎14．gradually adv.　　　 渐渐地，逐渐地 ‎15．scholar n. 学者 ‎16．cultural adj. 文化的 ‎17．ruin n. 废墟；毁坏 ‎ vt. 破坏，毁灭 ‎18．remains n. 遗物，遗迹，遗骸 ‎19．beneath prep. 在……之下　‎ ‎[第七屏听写]‎ ‎20．pot n．　　　　　 　　　 罐，壶 ‎21．material n. 材料；物质 adj. 物质的 ‎22．document n. 文献，文件 ‎23．explode vi. 爆炸 ‎24．nearby adv. & adj. 在附近(的)‎ ‎25．extreme adj. 极度的；极端的　‎ ‎[第八屏听写]‎ ‎26．bone n．　 　 　 　　　　 骨骼，骨头 ‎27．wooden adj. 木制的 ‎28．leather n. 皮革 ‎29．expression n. 表达；表情，神色 ‎30．audience n. 观众，听众 ‎31．cave n. 洞穴 ‎32．ceremony n. 仪式，典礼 ‎[第九屏听写]‎ ‎33．republic n．　　　　 　　 共和国；共和政体 ‎34．chairman n. 主席 ‎35．harbor n. 港口 ‎36．navy n. 海军 ‎37．powerful adj. 强有力的 ‎38．airfield n. (军用)机场 ‎39．bomb vt. 轰炸 n. 炸弹　‎ ‎[第十屏听写]‎ ‎40．sailor n．　　　　 　　　 水手，海员 ‎41．fortunate adj. 幸运的 ‎42．declare vt. 宣布，宣称 ‎43．memorial n. 纪念馆，纪念碑 adj. 纪念的 ‎44．educate vt. 教育 ‎45．troop n. 士兵；军队，部队 ‎[第十一屏听写]‎ ‎46．march vi. & n．　　　　 前进，进发；游行 ‎47．glory n. 辉煌；荣耀，光荣 ‎48．ahead adv. (时间、空间)在前面；提前，预先；领先 ‎49．vast adj. 辽阔的；巨大的；大量的 ‎50．salary n. 薪金，薪水 ‎51．aware adj. 意识到的，知道的；察觉到的 ‎52．basis n. 基础；基准；原因 ‎[第十二屏听写]‎ ‎53．court n．　　　　　 　 　 法院，法庭；球场；宫廷 ‎54．god n. 神，神灵 ‎55．trial n. 审讯，审理；试验；考验 ‎56．judge v. 判断；审判 n. 法官，审判员；裁判员 ‎57．poison n. 毒药(物)‎ vt. 毒害，下毒　‎ ‎[第十三屏听写]‎ ‎58．take_over　　　　　 　 　 夺取；接管 ‎59．in_memory_of 纪念 ‎60．no_doubt 无疑，确实 ‎61．rise_up_against 起义，反抗 ‎62．stand_in_one's_path 阻碍(某人)‎ ‎63．come_down_with 患(病)‎ 二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾 ‎ (一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高 识记单词写对 Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)‎ ‎1．civilization n. 　　文明 ‎2．volcano n. 火山 ‎3．erupt vi. (火山等)爆发 ‎4．commercial adj. 商业的，贸易的 ‎5．sandstorm n. 沙尘暴，风沙 ‎6．corrupt vt. 使腐化，使堕落 adj. 贪污的，腐败的 Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)‎ ‎1．lecture n．　　　　　讲座 ‎2．scholar n. 学者 ‎3．audience n. 观众，听众 ‎4．pour vi. 涌流，倾泻 vt. 倒出 ‎5．found vt. 兴建，创建 ‎6．researcher n. 研究者，调查者 ‎7.destroy vt.　　毁坏，摧毁 ‎8．material n. 材料；物质 adj. 物质的 ‎9．document n. 文献，文件 ‎10．nearby adv. & adj.　在附近(的)‎ ‎11．extreme adj. 极度的；极端的 ‎12．vast adj. 辽阔的；大量的 ‎13．salary n．薪金，薪水　　‎ ‎14．court n．法院；球场；宫廷 核 心 单 词 练 通 ‎1.It will take a few more years to judge (判断) the impact of these ideas.‎ ‎2．As we all know, France is the first country to declare (宣布) war on Libya.‎ ‎3．The enemy soldiers were fleeing (逃跑) in all directions when they were attacked. ‎ ‎4．Along the way, at Kurla, you can visit the ruins (遗迹) of the Iron Fortress. ‎ ‎5．In May, the biochemistry PhD delivered a speech representing the university's 13 graduates at the graduation ceremony (典礼)．‎ ‎6．The flood last year in the south was a real disaster (灾难), leaving some people missing.‎ ‎7．Their system is so far ahead (领先) because of a culture of looking after the ‎ environment.‎ ‎8．The act itself of unwrapping and finally seeing what was beneath (在……之下) the newspaper was exciting and memorable.‎ ‎9．All these cultural (文化的) aspects are important to language learners if they want to get a better understanding of the language itself.‎ ‎10．We should strictly and voluntarily obey traffic rules, stopping at the red light rather than complaining (抱怨) about traffic jams.‎ 拓展单词用活 ‎[记全记牢]‎ ‎1．unfortunate adj.不幸的，遗憾的→unfortunately_adv.不幸地，倒霉地；令人遗憾地→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地 ‎2．decorate vt.装饰，装潢→decoration n．装饰，装饰品 ‎3．wealthy adj.富有的，富裕的→wealth n．财富，财产 ‎4．gradually adv.渐渐地，逐渐地→gradual adj.渐渐的，逐渐的 ‎5．remains n．遗物，遗迹，遗骸→remain v．遗留，剩余；继续存在→remaining adj.剩余的 ‎6．explode vi.爆炸→explosion n．爆炸，爆发 ‎7．wooden adj.木制的→wood n．木料；树木 ‎8．expression n．表达；表情，神色→express vt.表达，表示 ‎9．powerful adj.强有力的→power n．动力，权力 ‎10．memorial n．纪念馆，纪念碑adj.‎ ‎[用准用活]‎ ‎1．In order to gain much wealth and fame, the singer left his hometown as a poor boy and finally returned as an extremely wealthy man.(wealth) ‎ ‎2．She devoted her remaining years to the cause of studying the remains of the Forbidden City.(remain)‎ ‎3．Someone made him aware of the effects of his actions.If so, he could gradually raise public moral awareness.(aware)‎ ‎4．After he came to power,_everyone said he was a powerful leader, but now he feels so powerless that he even can't save his daughter.(power)‎ ‎5．Though the trip to the memorial was over, it left a permanent memory on me. I will memorize the deeds done by heroes.(memory)‎ 纪念的→memory n．记忆(力)；回忆→memorize vt.记忆；背诵 ‎11．educate vt.教育→education n．教育，培养→educator n．教育者，教育家 ‎12．aware adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的→awareness n．认识，意识 ‎13．basis n．基础；基准；原因→basic adj.基础的→base n．基地；根基；基础v.以……为基础 ‎6．As is known to all, education is a gradual process, and people are gradually aware of its importance.(gradual)‎ ‎7．The puzzled expression on her face suggested that she didn't know how she could express her feelings properly.(express)‎ ‎8．A bomb exploded in the market.The explosion was heard a mile away.(explode)‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.“走”遍天下 ‎①wander vi.　 　漫步；闲逛 ‎②pace v. 踱步；缓慢而行 ‎③crawl v. 爬行；匍匐行进 ‎④march v. 行军，进军 ‎⑤rush v. 冲；奔；闯 ‎⑥walk v. 散步；步行 ‎2．“演讲，报告”一起听 ‎①speech 报告；演讲 ‎②report 报告 ‎③lecture 演讲，讲座 ‎④address 演讲，致辞 ‎3.“n.＋n.”合成词一览 ‎①steamboat　　　汽船 ‎②armchair 扶手椅 ‎③sandstorm 沙尘暴 ‎④teamwork 协作 ‎⑤airfield (军用)机场 ‎4．词根“rupt”“破”法多 ‎①erupt 火山“爆发”向外破 ‎②interrupt “打搅”是在中间破 ‎③corrupt “腐败”是共同破 ‎④abrupt “唐突”把气氛打破 ‎⑤bankrupt 银行打破是 ‎5.“仪式”面面观 ‎①opening ceremony　开幕式 ‎②closing ceremony 闭幕式 ‎③wedding ceremony 结婚典礼 ‎④funeral (ceremony) 葬礼 ‎⑤celebration 庆典 ‎⑥feast/banquet 宴会 ‎6．“纪念；记忆”相关词 ‎①memory n．　记忆；记忆力 ‎②memorize v. 记忆，记住 ‎“破产”‎ ‎③memorial n. 纪念碑 ‎④monument n. 纪念碑 ‎(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高 先 写 对 再 用 准 第一组 ‎1.rise_up_against　起义，反抗 ‎2.in_memory_of 纪念 ‎3.stand_in_one's_path 阻碍(某人)‎ ‎4.come_down_with 患(病)‎ ‎5.be_buried_alive 被活埋 ‎6.less_than 少于 ‎　　In my hometown, there was a statue set up ①in_memory_of a brave officer calling on the villagers to ②rise_up_against the enemies during World War Ⅱ. Even though he ③came_down_with a serious illness, he never let it ④stand_in_his_path. He was a hero in the heart of the villagers.‎ 第二组 ‎1.take_over　　　　　夺取；接管 ‎2.no_doubt 无疑，确实 ‎3.pour_out 涌出 ‎4.carry_out 实施；执行 ‎5.make_sb._aware_of 让某人意识到 ‎6.take_part_in 参加 ‎　　There was ①no_doubt David ②took_over the company when his father retired. All the board members ③took_part_in the meeting yesterday, and David delivered the keynote address. He ④made_them_aware_of the determination that he would ⑤carry_out his duty faithfully.‎ 第三组 ‎1.focus_on　　 集中(精力)于 ‎2.turn_out 结果是，证明是 ‎3.break_down 毁掉；身体垮掉 ‎4.have_enough_of 对……感到厌烦 ‎5.together_with 与……一起 ‎6.on_board 在船上(飞机上或火车上)‎ ‎　　There will be times when you meet with disappointment and ①have_enough_of your present life. Life won't always ②turn_out the way you want. This is just another thing you'll have to learn to deal with. But instead of letting you ③break_down,_push on. Accept disappointment and ④focus_on pursuing your dreams.‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.“under＋n.”短语荟萃 ‎①under protection　　受保护 ‎②under consideration 在考虑中 ‎③under construction 在建造中 ‎④under control 在控制中 ‎⑤under discussion 在讨论中 ‎⑥under guarantee 在保修期内 ‎2.“on＋n.”短语集锦 ‎①on sale　　　　 出售 ‎②on fire 着火 ‎③on trial 在试用 ‎④on strike 在罢工 ‎⑤on business 出差 ‎⑥on display/show 在展出 ‎3.“no＋n.”短语小结 ‎①no doubt　　无疑，确实 ‎②no wonder 难怪 ‎③no way 没门，不行 ‎④no hurry 不急，勿慌 ‎⑤no problem 没问题 ‎⑥no surprise 毫无意外 ‎4.“对……感到厌烦”表达种种 ‎①be/grow tired of ‎②be fed up with ‎③be bored with ‎④be sick of ‎⑤have enough of ‎(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高 背 原 句 明 句 式 学 仿 写 ‎1.Near the city was a volcano.‎ 离该城不远处有一座火山。‎ 表示地点或处所的介词短语置于句首时，句子使用全部倒装。‎ 一个美丽的现代都市——泰安坐落于泰山脚下。(2017·北京高考满分作文) ‎ At_the_foot_of_Mount_Tai_sits a beautiful modern city — Tai'an.‎ ‎2.The desert was once a green land with huge trees, but they were cut down and that resulted in the city being buried by sand — what a pity! ‎ 动名词的复合结构(名词＋v.ing形式)作主语、宾语等。‎ ‎《海国图志》把现代技术和理念引到中国， 让我们开阔眼界，了解世界。(2016·北京高考满分作文) ‎ Haiguo_Tuzhi's_introducing 这片沙漠曾是一块长着参天大树的绿洲，但是大树被砍倒了，这导致了这座城市被风沙覆盖——多么遗憾啊！‎ ‎_modern technologies and ideas to China opened our eyes to the world.‎ ‎3.In less than 9 minutes, the ship sank with 1,177 men on board. ‎ 在不到9分钟的时间里，船连同船上的1 177人都沉了下去。‎ ‎“with＋宾语＋介词短语”复合结构，在句中可作状语或定语。‎ 春天到了，树变绿了。‎ With_spring_coming_on,_trees turn green.‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　According to the news from BBC, an explosion ruined a gas station in Syria. Hundreds of residents nearby fled in all directions. Later on, the police took over the gas station, looked into the case and cleared up the remains of the explosion. ❶So far there has been no people or group that declared to be responsible for it. I ❷wish there wouldn't be violence and terror in the world and everyone could live in peace.‎ ‎1.①处时间状语so far意为到目前为止，所在句子使用现在完成时态。‎ ‎2.②处wish后的宾语从句中用的虚拟语气，谓语动词形式为：would/could/should/might＋do，表示将来不大可能实现的愿望。‎ ‎1．ruin n．[C](pl.)废墟，遗迹；[U]毁坏，毁灭，崩溃vt.破坏；毁灭；使破产 ‎(1)lie/be in ruins　　 成为废墟 fall into ruin 毁灭；毁坏 bring ... to ruin 使……毁灭；使……没落；使……破产 ‎(2)ruin sth./sb. 毁坏某物/某人 ruin one's health/fame/future ‎ 毁掉某人的健康/名誉/前途 ‎[多角练透]‎ 介词填空 ‎①A large number of churches fell into ruin after the big flood. ‎ ‎②The big earthquake brought the city to ruin.‎ 完成句子 ‎③That city lay/was_in_ruins after the hurricane.‎ 飓风过后，那座城市成了一片废墟。‎ ‎④Drunk driving not only ruined_himself but also killed several passersby.‎ 醉驾不仅毁掉了他自己还导致几名过路人死亡。‎ ‎2．flee vt.& vi.逃避，逃跑；迅速离开 flee someplace　　　　　　　　　 逃离某地 flee to someplace 逃到某地 flee from ＝escape from 从……逃离 ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①When the war broke out, he fled_to Yunnan of China with his wife.‎ 战争爆发后，他携妻子逃到了中国云南。‎ ‎②People got into a panic and fled_from_the_fire.‎ 人们惊恐万状地逃离了火灾现场。‎ ‎③He was caught when trying to flee_the_country.‎ 他试图逃离该国时被抓住了。‎ ‎3．remains n．遗物，遗迹，遗骸；剩余物 ‎(1)the remains of ...　　　　 ……的遗迹 ‎(2)remain＋ ‎(3)remaining adj. 剩余的 ‎[多角练透]　‎ 单项填空 ‎①John was caught ________ his neighbour's money the other day. According to the ‎ police, the details of the case still remained ________.‎ A．to steal; investigated B．stealing; to be investigated C．stealing; investigating D．stolen; being investigated 解析：选B　句意：几天前约翰被当场抓住偷邻居的钱。据警方透露，案件的细节有待调查。根据语境可知，steal这个动作被当场发现，故第一空用现在分词形式；sth.remain to be done 为固定结构，意为“某事有待被做”，故选B。‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎②The poor man ate the remains (remain) of the dishes hungrily.‎ ‎③The remaining (remain) twenty patients were transferred to another hospital.‎ ‎④It remains to_be_seen (see) whether the news that a new library will be built in our school is true.‎ ‎⑤Although the wind has died down, the rain remains steady(steadily), so you still need a raincoat.‎ ‎⑥The guests came in, but she remained seated (seat) at the desk reading.‎ ‎[名师指津]　当表示“剩余的，剩下的”时，常把remaining放在被修饰词之前作前置定语，而left常放在被修饰词之后作后置定语。‎ ‎4．declare vt.宣布，宣称；宣告；声明 declare sb./sth. to be　　　　　 宣布某人或某事是……‎ declare for/against 表示赞成/反对……‎ declare war (on/against) (向……)宣战 declare that 宣布……‎ ‎[多角练透]‎ 完成句子 ‎①What is known to us is that the Chinese government has_declared_against terrorism openly.‎ 众所周知，中国政府公开反对恐怖主义。‎ ‎②The court declared_the_accused_to_be innocent.‎ 法庭宣布被告无罪。‎ ‎③In September 1939, Britain declared_war_on Germany after Germany invaded Poland.‎ ‎1939年9月，在德国入侵波兰后，英国向德国宣战。‎ 同义句改写 ‎④He declared that the girl was head of our department.(改为简单句)‎ ‎→He_declared_the_girl_to_be_head_of_our_department.‎ ‎5．take over夺取，占据；接替；接管 ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎❶take away　　　　　 拿走；夺走 ‎❷take down 写下，记下；拆卸 ‎❸take in 吸收；理解；欺骗；收容 ‎❹take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功 ‎❺take on 接纳；雇佣；呈现；承担 ‎❻take up 拿起；接受；占据；开始从事；继续 ‎[应用领悟]‎ ‎①His widow has taken over the running of his empire, including six London theatres. ‎ 他的遗孀已接手管理他创下的帝国，其中包括 6 家伦敦剧院。‎ ‎②No other organisation was able or willing to take on the job.‎ 没有任何别的组织有能力或愿意承担此项工作。‎ ‎③I know how busy you must be and naturally I won't want to take up too much of your time.‎ 我知道您肯定特别忙，我当然不想占用您太多的时间。‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　With the development of urban industrialization, more and more farmers pour into large cities, ❶leaving their kids and old parents alone in the countryside. Many kids complain that they can't feel the love and warmth from their parents. ‎ ‎1.①处现在分词短语leaving their kids and old parents alone in the countryside在句中作结果状语，常表示意料、情理之中的自然而然的结果。alone在短语中作宾语补足语。‎ ‎2.②处introduced可替换成单词 The government has been aware of the problem and ❷introduced policies ❸to allow kids to receive education in the city.‎ presented。‎ ‎3.③处动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰说明policies。‎ ‎6．complain vi.抱怨 ‎(1)complain (to sb.) about/of sth./that ...‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　 (向某人)抱怨……‎ complain of sth. 诉说(病痛等)‎ ‎(2)complaint n. 抱怨；投诉 make a complaint against/about ... 对……进行投诉 ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①I am now writing to make_a_complaint_against/about the service of your hotel.‎ 我写此信意在投诉贵宾馆的服务。‎ ‎②Some parents complain_that their children are burdened with heavy homework.‎ 有些家长抱怨他们孩子的家庭作业繁重。‎ ‎③Dan's been complaining_of severe headache.‎ 丹总是说头疼得厉害。‎ ‎7．aware adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的 ‎(1)be aware that ...　　　　　　 知道，体会到……‎ be/become aware of 知道/意识到 make sb. aware of/that ... 使某人意识到 ‎(2)awareness n. 认识，意识 raise awareness about/of 提高对……的认识 ‎[多角练透]‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空/句型转换 ‎①The aim of the festival is to increase awareness (aware) of Hindu culture and traditions.‎ ‎②To his relief, his parents are aware of his innocence.‎ ‎→To his relief, his parents are aware that he is innocent.‎ 翻译句子 ‎③这项运动旨在使人们意识到被动吸烟的危害。(awareness, passive smoking)‎ The_campaign_aims_to_raise_awareness_of_the_dangers_of_passive_smoking.‎ ‎④一些科技公司意识到了这一问题并尝试解决。(aware)‎ Some_technology_companies_were_aware_of_the_problem_and_tried_to_solve_it.‎ ‎8．with复合结构 ‎[教材原句]　In less than 9 minutes, the ship sank with_1,177_men_on_board.‎ 在不到9分钟的时间里，船连同船上的1 177人都沉了下去。‎ ‎“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”构成的复合结构作状语时，表原因、条件、方式等。主要结构如下：‎ ‎①With_her_eyes_fixed_on the work attentively, she didn't know what was happening outside. ‎ 因为她的注意力都集中在工作上，她不知道外面发生的事情。‎ ‎②I can't go to the cinema with you with so_much_homework_to_do.‎ 有这么多作业要完成，我不能和你一起去看电影。‎ ‎③He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring__at_him.‎ 全班同学都盯着他看，他感到更不自然了。‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　Today is our parents' 20th wedding anniversary. In memory of this meaningful day, our family holds a party. ❶My sister insists on everyone giving their own performances. We have made every arrangement ❷ahead of time, so there is no doubt that everything is going well. Judging from their looks, I know that my parents are happy and proud of my sister and me.‎ ‎1.①处可转化为复合句：My sister insists that everyone_should_give_their_own_performances。‎ ‎2.②处短语ahead of time可替换为ahead_of_schedule或in_advance。‎ ‎9．judge n．法官；审判员；裁判员 vt.判断；审判；裁判 ‎[练牢基点]　写出下列句中judge的含义 ‎①He stood emotionless as he heard the judge pass sentence. 法官 ‎②A judge decides who will be the winner of a competition. 裁判员 ‎③Judging from what he has just said, the company will reduce the staff. 判断 ‎[系统考点]‎ ‎(1)judge ...from/by ...　　　　　 从……来判断 judge between right and wrong 判断是非 as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为 ‎(2)judging by/from　　　　 从……上看；根据……判断 ‎(3)judgment n. 判断 ‎[练通重点]‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎④Judging (judge) things from as many sides as possible is a skill that needs improving all the way.‎ ‎⑤All under 30 years old, the candidates were examined by a group of judges (judge) in their fields. ‎ 用judge的适当形式完成语段 ‎⑥Judging from what he said, he must be an honest man.On the contrary, he often robs and steals, so the judge pointed out that a man should not be_judged only by his looks. In my judgment,_what he said is reasonable.‎ ‎[名师指津]　judging from/by用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语而不用过去分词的形式。‎ ‎10．in memory of纪念 ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎❶in terms of　　　　　　　 就……而言 ‎❷in need/want of 需要 ‎❸in favor of 赞同；支持 ‎❹in praise of 赞扬 ‎❺in honour of 为了向……表示敬意 ‎❻in view of 鉴于，考虑到，由于 ‎❼in search of 寻找 ‎[应用领悟]‎ ‎①Most people are a mixture of optimism and pessimism, but are in favor of one direction or the other.‎ 大多数人都是乐观主义和悲观主义的混合体，但会倾向于一个方向或另一个方向。‎ ‎②Deeds are better than words when people are in need/want of help.‎ 当有人需要帮助的时候，行动胜于言语。‎ ‎11．no doubt无疑，确实 ‎(1)There is no doubt that ...　　 毫无疑问……‎ There is some doubt whether ... 怀疑是否……‎ without doubt 毫无疑问 ‎(2)don't doubt that ... 不怀疑……‎ doubt whether/if ... 怀疑/不相信是否……‎ ‎[多角练透]‎ 对比填空：that/whether/if ‎①There is no doubt that they will help you when you are in trouble.‎ ‎②There is some doubt whether this is the best way to do it.‎ ‎③You can complain, but I doubt if/whether it will make any difference.‎ 一句多译 我怀疑我的表妹是否会接受他的邀请。‎ ‎④I _doubt_whether/if my cousin will accept his invitation.‎ ‎(doubt v．)‎ ‎⑤I have_some_doubt_whether_my cousin will accept his invitation.(doubt n．)‎ 毫无疑问，我会提前完成任务。‎ ‎⑥There_is_no_doubt_that_I_can_fulfil_the_task_ahead_of_schedule.(there is no doubt that)‎ ‎⑦I_can_fulfil_the_task_ahead_of_schedule_without_doubt.(without doubt)‎ ‎12．动名词的复合结构 ‎[教材原句]　The desert was once a green land with huge trees, but they were cut down and that resulted in the_city_being_buried_by_sand — what a pity!‎ 这片沙漠曾是一块长着参天大树的绿洲，但是大树被砍倒了，这导致了这座城市被风沙覆盖——多么遗憾啊！‎ 动名词的复合结构主要有两种情况：‎ ‎(1)名词所有格/名词的普通格＋doing ‎(2)形容词性物主代词/人称代词的宾格＋doing ‎①I can't imagine Mary's/Mary_marrying such a young man.‎ 我无法想象玛丽嫁给一个这样的年轻人。‎ ‎②I knew nothing about the_window_being_open.‎ 我一点也不知道窗户敞开着。‎ ‎[名师指津]　如果动名词的复合结构作主语，其逻辑主语用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。‎ ‎③Nixon's visiting China marked a new era between U．S. and China diplomatic relations.‎ 尼克松访问中国标志着中美外交关系进入一个新的时代。‎ ‎[单元语基落实]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．They feel the viewers are like judges (裁判) in an iceskating competition.‎ ‎2．Along the way, at Kurla, you can visit the ruins (废墟) of the Iron Fortress.‎ ‎3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ阅读)Despite the celebrations, though, in the U．S. the jazz audience (听众) continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.‎ ‎4．I will make a speech on behalf of all the graduates at the graduation ceremony (典礼)．‎ ‎5．The flood in the south was a real disaster (灾难), leaving 19 people dead and 78 missing.‎ ‎6．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ阅读)One of the most famous theatres in Georgia, the Marjanishvili, founded (兴建) in 1928, appears regularly at theatre festivals all over the world.‎ ‎7．Then, in the depth of winter, when temperatures reached around －‎4 ℃‎， buckets of water were poured (倒出) on to the dirt track, transforming it into an ice road.‎ ‎8．Accustomed to being poor, he found it hard to adapt to a wealthy (富有的) life in a short period of time.‎ ‎9．The whole system was corrupt (腐败的) — every official she approached wanted money before helping her.‎ ‎10．The army was now on the march (前进) to Shanghai.‎ Ⅱ.单项填空 ‎1．When you write your goals in a particular way, you are able to make yourself continuously ________ situations that will bring you nearer to your goals.‎ A．aware of　　　　　　　　 B．worried about C．familiar with D．accustomed to 解析：选A　句意：当你用一种特定的方式写下你的目标时，你就会让你自己不断地意识到能把你推向目标的情形。be aware of“意识到”；be worried about“担心”；be familiar with“熟悉”；be accustomed to“习惯于”。故选A项。‎ ‎2．My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was ________ it.‎ A．in favour of B．in memory of C．in honour of D．in search of 解析：选A　句意：我姐姐反对我的建议，但我弟弟却支持。in favour of“支持，赞同”； in memory of“为纪念……”； in honour of“向……表示敬意”； in search of “寻找”。根据题意可知选A项。‎ ‎3．It's said that he will ________ his uncle's business when he is mature enough to deal with public relations.‎ A．take over B．think over C．hand over D．go over 解析：选A　句意：据说当他足够成熟地处理公共事务时，他会接管他叔叔的企业。take over“接管”； think over“反复考虑”； hand over“移交”； go over“复习，温习”。根据语境可知应选A项。‎ ‎4．(2018·徐州高三考前信息卷)With all the books he was interested in________， Tom left the bookshop with great satisfaction.‎ A．buying B．to be bought ‎ C．bought D．to buy ‎ 解析：选C　句意：买完所有他感兴趣的书，汤姆十分满意地离开了书店。buy和books之间是逻辑上的被动关系；根据语境可知，buy这个动作已经完成，故用过去分词形式。‎ ‎5．(2018·南京高三模拟)That car accident ________ all his life. After that he was limited to a wheelchair.‎ A．damaged B．destroyed C．harmed D．ruined 解析：选D　句意：那起车祸毁了他的一生。在那之后，他只能坐在轮椅上了。ruin可以指毁坏较为抽象的事物，如生活、爱情等，符合句意。damage指事物被破坏后，仍可以修复；destroy指完全摧毁，一般不可修复，多指破坏具体的事物，如森林、房屋等；harm多指伤害某人的感情或心灵。‎ ‎6．At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ________ could be heard outside the classroom.‎ A．opened and closed ‎ B．to be opened and closed C．being opened and closed ‎ D．to open and close 解析：选C　句意：刚上课时，开关课桌的声音在教室外都能听见。desks being opened and closed为动名词的复合结构，在句中作介词of的宾语。‎ ‎7．Ladies and gentlemen，please remain ________ until the plane has come to a complete stop.‎ A．seated B．seating ‎ C．to seat D．seat 解析：选A　 在作remain的表语时，要用动词ed形式表示状态。‎ ‎8．—Do you doubt ________ he has passed the examination?‎ ‎—I don't doubt at all ________ he has passed all the examinations.‎ A．that; whether B．that; that C．whether; that D．whether; whether 解析：选B　第一句为疑问句式，后用that引导宾语从句；第二句为否定句，后也用that引导宾语从句。‎ ‎9．(2018·扬州高三模拟)________ as a responsible person, Tony was appointed the head of the department.‎ A．Judging B．Judged C．Having judged D．To be judged 解析：选B　句意：托尼被认为是一个负责的人，所以他被任命为部门主管。分析句子结构可知，Tony与judge之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处用动词的过去分词形式作原因状语。‎ ‎10．(2018·无锡高三模拟)At the conference the Chinese foreign minister ________ that China was strongly against the terrorism.‎ A．declared B．announced C．reminded D．showed 解析：选A　句意：在会议上中国外交部长宣布中国强烈反对恐怖主义。declare的意思是“正式宣布”，一般指官方的正式宣布；announce也有“宣布”的意思，它一般指宣布或预告大家关心的问题。‎ Ⅲ.完成句子 ‎1．他起床晚了，匆忙去了办公室，留下早餐没有动。‎ He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving_the_breakfast_untouched.‎ ‎2．汤姆拒绝接受邀请让我很生气。‎ Tom's_refusing_to_accept_the_invitation upset me very much.‎ ‎3．她眼含泪水向她的父母说了声再见。‎ She said goodbye to her parents with_tears_in_her_eyes.‎ ‎4．我肯定你会成功，我一点也不怀疑。‎ I am sure you will succeed and I have_no_doubt_about_it.‎ ‎5．从扬声器里传来了医生的声音。‎ From_the_speaker_comes the doctor's voice.‎ Ⅳ.课文段落大意概括 阅读本单元Project部分，试着以约30个词概括第一篇课文“Ancient Greek statue found in Xinjiang”第三段(P58，L10－18)的段落大意。‎ In 334 BC, Alexander the Great conquered the Middle East and Egypt, then India. He founded a vast kingdom on his occupied land. However, after his death, his kingdom was divided by his generals.‎ ‎[高考提能训练] ‎ 检测评价A卷 Ⅰ.单项填空 ‎1．—I'm surprised to discover that so many idioms come from the Bible.‎ ‎—So am I and I really like the story about “________”，which is a good example to show the hidden weaknesses in the people we admire.‎ A．killing the fatted calf B．the apple of somebody's eye C．feet of clay D．seeing the handwriting on the wall 解析：选C　句意：“发现如此多的习语来自《圣经》我感到很惊讶。”“我也很惊讶，我真的喜欢“feet of clay”这个故事，它是一个说明我们所钦佩的人身上隐藏着致命弱点的很好的例子。”kill the fatted calf“热情款待，设宴欢迎”；the apple of somebody's eye“某人的喜爱之物或人”；feet of clay “致命的弱点”；see the handwriting on the wall“审判即将来临或觉察到……即将灭亡”。‎ ‎2．(2018·扬州模拟)—Would you mind going to the movies by yourself tonight?‎ ‎—I am afraid I will feel lonely in the theatre, with no one________ me.‎ A．being accompanied　　　　 B．accompanied C．to accompany D．having accompanied 解析：选C　句意：“你介意今天晚上自己去看电影吗？”“没有人陪我，我担心在剧院里我会感到孤单的。”宾语no one与动词accompany 之间为主动关系，且动作未发生，故用to do 作宾补。‎ ‎3．Giving is a universal opportunity ________ regardless of your age, profession, religion and background, you have the capacity to create change.‎ A．when B．that C．where D．which 解析：选C　句意：给予是一种普遍的机会，不管你的年龄、职业、宗教和背景，在这样的机遇中你都有创造改变的能力。opportunity为先行词，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。‎ ‎4．A survey of China's netizens found that some smokers are unwilling to kick the habit because they aren't fully ________ of the harm it does to health.‎ A．fond B．curious C．afraid D．aware 解析：选D　句意：一项中国网民的调查表明，一些吸烟者不愿意戒烟，因为他们没有充分意识到吸烟对健康的危害。be fully aware of“充分意识到”，符合句意。 ‎ ‎5．Local citizens placed flowers at the corner of one street in Hamilton, Canada, ________ the Canadian soldier, who was killed by a gunman.‎ A．in favor of B．in memory of C．in terms of D．in spite of 解析：选B　句意：当地的一些市民在加拿大汉密尔顿市一条街的角落摆放了一些鲜花，为纪念那位被枪手杀害的加拿大士兵。in favor of“赞成，有利于”；in memory of “纪念，缅怀”；in terms of “在……方面”；in spite of“尽管”。根据句意可知选B。‎ ‎6．As a common sense, children's involvement in social activities, athletics and hobbies ________ just as important as academic achievement.‎ A．is B．are C．was D．were 解析：选A　句意：按常识来说，孩子参与社会活动、体育运动以及培养业余爱好跟他们的学业成绩一样重要。本句主语为involvement，故谓语动词用单数形式。“按常识来说”具有客观性，故用一般现在时态表示客观存在的事实。‎ ‎7．(2018·苏州模拟)It is almost always the case that the police conduct an investigation and look at the evidence that may suggest who ________ the offence.‎ A．commits B．commit C．committed D．will commit 解析：选C　句意：通常情况是：警察进行调查并关注那些有可能表明犯罪分子身份的证据。根据句意，commit为发生在过去的动作，故用一般过去时。‎ ‎8．Some researchers believe that there is no doubt ________ the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) will not be accepted as a nuclear power.‎ A．which B．what C．that D．whether 解析：选C　句型 there is no doubt后接that; I doubt后接if 或whether。‎ ‎9．—I don't know ________ you got to know my telephone number.‎ ‎—Through a friend of mine.‎ A．how was it B．how was it that C．it was how that D．how it was that 解析：选D　句意：“我不知道你是怎么知道我的电话号码的。”“通过我的一个朋友知道的。”how it was that是强调句的陈述句形式。‎ ‎10．(2018·江苏常熟高三质检)—Did he decide to take part in the competition? ‎ ‎—Yes, of course. He ________ to.‎ A．has been encouraging B．had been encouraged C．has been encouraged D．was to be encouraged 解析：选B　句意：“他决定参加比赛吗？”“是的，当然。他已经被鼓励参加比赛。”根据he 和动词encourage 之间是逻辑上的被动关系可知，此处应该使用被动形式，故先排除A 项。再和第一句话的一般过去时态结合起来分析， 此处应该使用过去完成时态的被动语态。故选B。‎ ‎11．(2018·江苏常熟高三质检)I ________ that the experience I was heading for was anything but boring, had I read the brochure carefully. ‎ A．realized B．had realized C．would realize D．would have realized 解析：选D ‎　句意：如果我仔细阅读了小册子，我就会意识到我的经历毫无意义。这是对过事情的虚拟，主句的谓语构成是：would/could/might/should have done，从句谓语构成是had done ，从句中省略了if，将had提前，而本句要填的是主句部分，故选D。‎ ‎12．While working in Kunming, he checked the weather each morning for months ________ he realized it would be the same every day.‎ A．when B．after C．before D．since 解析：选C　句意：在昆明工作期间，他每天早晨查看天气状况，这样持续几个月才意识到每天都是一样的。before“过了多久才”。‎ ‎13．(2018·宿迁高三模拟) I was listening to Shirley speak but I could not ________ everything she said. She was using too many idioms.‎ A．take in B．take up C．take on D．take over 解析：选A　句意：我当时正在听雪莉讲话，但我并不能理解她说的每句话。她使用了太多的习语。take in “领会，理解”，符合题意。take up“占据，从事”；take on“雇佣，呈现”；take over“接管”。‎ ‎14．________ we were worried about was ________ they could manage to control the pollution.‎ A．That; how B．That; whether C．What; that D．What; whether 解析：选D　主语从句缺宾语，用what; 根据worried about说明后面的内容为疑问语气，所以第二个空应用whether。‎ ‎15．—I've studied watching birds as one of my interests. Could I make some suggestions?‎ ‎—________.‎ A．You will make it B．It doesn't matter C．Go right ahead D．Take it easy 解析：选C　句意：“我把研究观察鸟类作为我的兴趣。我能给出一些建议吗？”“你说吧。”You will make it“你会成功的”；It doesn't matter“没关系”；Go right ahead“请说吧”；Take it easy“别紧张”。根据句意可知选C项。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 Author James Michener learned about the importance of greatness on a stormy night in the South Pacific. His plane was __1__ to land on the Tontouta airstrip (小机场) but could not do so. After several __2__ in the dark night, he was filled with __3__. When it finally landed safely, Michener went out, looking at the dim (昏暗的) outlines of the mountains it had so __4__ missed. Then he wrote this：‎ ‎“As I stood there in the __5__， I thought of the __6__ years of my life and I made a promise when peace came, if I __7__， I would live the rest of my years as if I were a great man. I did not mean that I would be a great man. I have __8__ thought of those words, but I could __9__ myself as if I were. I would follow my basic __10__. I would be a better man. I would __11__ others. And I would try my best to make the world a better place. In the dark, I thought peacefully and was full of __12__， for I was sure that I could __13__ achieve each of those goals, and I would never look back.”‎ Do you believe you should be great? It is a good question for us to think, with so many answers __14__ our mind. However, as is mentioned, a great person is willing to help anyone that needs it, always helping and never hurting. He, on the other hand, is respectful of others' feelings and needs. __15__， he will allow nothing to stand __16__ to do something right. If greatness is a life that __17__ to basic principles, a life of service to others and a life __18__ to the improvement of all, then the answer is not too far to seek.‎ We can be great individuals and, in fact, should __19__ to be. For greatness comes from a devotion to help, not from more success.‎ Do you believe you should be great? What __20__ will you take today? It is a question worth thinking.‎ 语篇解读：在南太平洋一个风雨交加的夜晚，詹姆斯·米切纳终于将飞机安全降落。在这次可怕的经历中，他认识到“伟大”的价值。‎ ‎1．A.smoothly　　　　　　　　　 B．cheerfully C．easily D．desperately 解析：选D　在南太平洋一个风雨交加的夜晚，詹姆斯·米切纳学会了伟大的重要性。他拼命地要把飞机降落在努美阿机场跑道，但总是做不到。smoothly意为 ‎“平滑的”；cheerfully意为“高兴地”；easily意为“容易地”；desperately意为“拼命地”。‎ ‎2．A.checks B．attempts C．tests D．experiments 解析：选B　在漆黑的夜晚里，经过多次尝试，他充满了恐惧。check意为“检查”；attempt意为“尝试”；test意为“试验”；experiment意为“试验”。‎ ‎3．A.cold B．anger C．fear D．joy 解析：选C　在漆黑的夜晚里，经过多次尝试，他充满了恐惧。cold意为“寒冷”；anger意为“愤怒”；fear“意为“恐惧”；joy意为“高兴”。‎ ‎4．A.fearfully B．completely C．courageously D．narrowly 解析：选D　当飞机终于安全降落后，米切纳走了出去，看着他差一点儿撞上的夜色朦胧的山。fearfully意为“恐惧地”；completely意为“完全地”；courageously意为“有勇气地”；narrowly意为“狭窄地；勉强地”。‎ ‎5．A.dark B．sunlight C．shade D．shadow 解析：选A　当我站在“黑暗(dark)”中，我想到我的人生“剩下的(remaining)”岁月。sunlight意为“阳光”；shade意为“阴凉处”；shadow意为“影子”。‎ ‎6．A.remaining B．cosy C．damp D．clumsy 解析：选A　参见上题解析。cosy意为“舒服的”；damp意为“潮湿的”；clumsy意为“笨拙的”。‎ ‎7．A.existed B．lived C．survived D．succeeded 解析：选C　我发誓当和平来了，如果我还“活着(survived)”，我会像个伟人一样地活着。exist意为“存在”；live意为“活的”；succeed意为“成功”。‎ ‎8．A.never B．ever C．always D．already 解析：选A　我的意思不是我能成为一位伟人。我“从未(never)”想过成为伟人。‎ ever意为“曾经”；always意为“总是”；already意为“已经”。‎ ‎9．A.learn B．teach C．enjoy D．behave 解析：选D　我从未想过成为伟人，但我可以“表现(behave)”得像一位伟人。‎ ‎10．A.experiences B．principles C．theories D．standards 解析：选B　我会按照我的基本“原则(principle)”来生活，成为一个更好的人。experience意为“经验”；theory意为“原理”；standard意为“标准”。‎ ‎11．A.discourage B．help C．arrange D．appoint 解析：选B　我会去“帮助(help)”别人，我会尽我所能，让世界变得更美好。discourage意为“使某人失去信心”；arrange意为“安排”；appoint意为“指定”。‎ ‎12．A.silence B．amusement C．confidence D．sadness 解析：选C　根据后文“for I was sure ...”可知为“有信心”。在黑暗中，我平心静气地想着这些问题，充满了“信心(confidence)”。silence意为“沉默”；amusement意为“娱乐”；sadness意为“悲伤”。‎ ‎13．A.actually B．generally C．obviously D．fairly 解析：选A　我很肯定，我确定可以实现每个目标，我永远不会回头。actually意为“事实地；实际上”；generally意为“一般地”；obviously意为“明显地”；fairly意为“公平地”。‎ ‎14．A.living through B．seeing through C．looking through D．going through 解析：选D　你相信你应该要伟大吗？这是我们应该思考的一个很好的问题，对于这个问题，有很多答案，这些答案在我们的脑海中“萦绕(go through)”。live through意为“穿越，活过”；see through意为“看穿”；look through意为“浏览”。‎ ‎15．A.Above all B．As a result C．At all through D．In consequence 解析：选A　然而，正如所提到的，一个伟人乐意帮助任何有需要的人，总是帮助，从不伤害。另一方面，他尊重他人的感受和需要。最重要的是，他将排除一切困难去做正确的事情。above all意为“首先；最重要的是”；as a result意为“结果是”；at all意为“根本是”；in consequence意为“结果是”。‎ ‎16．A.in the way B．on the way C．by the way D．across the way 解析：选A　最重要的是，他将排除一切困难做正确的事情。in the way意为“挡道；碍事”；on the way意为“在去……的路上”；by the way意为“顺便提一下”；across the way意为“跨过”。‎ ‎17．A.refers B．sticks C．leads D．listens 解析：选B　如果伟大的生活方式是“坚持(sticks to)”基本原则，为他人服务，将生命“致力于(devote to)”改善人类生活，那么答案也就不难寻求了。refer to意为“参考，指的是，涉及到”；lead to意为“导致”；listen to意为“倾听”。‎ ‎18．A.equipped B．equalled C．lost D．devoted 解析：选D　equip意为“给……装备”；equal意为“与……平等”；lost意为“迷失的”；devote意为“献身于”。‎ ‎19．A.ask B．struggle C．support D．add 解析：选B　我们每个人都可以是伟大的，事实上，我们都应该奋斗成为伟大的人，因为伟大来自帮助他人，而不是更多的成功。ask意为“询问”；struggle意为“奋斗”；support意为“支持”；add意为“加上”。‎ ‎20．A.advice B．order C．step D．price 解析：选C　你相信你应该是伟大的吗？你今天行动了吗？这是一个值得我们思考的问题。take a step意为“采取行动”。‎ Ⅲ.任务型阅读 ‎(2018·南京模拟)Of the hundreds of selfchange techniques that have been suggested over the centuries, perhaps only a dozen are totally different. Researchers have tried ‎ to see which ones work best.‎ Three techniques deserve special mention: they're powerful, simple and easy to learn. What's more, individuals who have made successful changes in their lives — changes in eating habits, career paths, coping strategies, and so on — often rely on one or more of the three techniques.‎ To get yourself started in a new direction, try the Three M's：‎ Modify (改变) your environment The power of modifying one's space has been well displayed in studies since it was reported in the 1960s for the first time. Psychologist Richard Stuart showed in the 1960s that overweight women could lose pounds by modifying both their eating behavior and “stimulus environment” — for example, eating from smaller plates and confining all food to the kitchen.‎ People who have never tried this are astonished by the enormous effect it often has. I've known several people who have overcome nailbiting simply by buying 50 nail files and distributing them everywhere: in their pockets, their desks and their bedrooms. With a nail file always within reach, they tended to groom rather than bite. To change yourself, change your world.‎ Monitor your behavior I've been reading research studies on selfmonitoring for 20 years, and I've conducted some myself. The fact is, if you monitor what you do, you'll probably do better.‎ Weigh yourself regularly and you may well start to lose weight. Keep a record of what you eat and you'll probably start eating more wisely.‎ A study by Canadian researchers showed that teenagers arrived more promptly at a swim practice when they were given an attendance sheet to record their arrival times. Sonya Carr and Rebecca Punzo reported that selfmonitoring improves academic performance of emotionally disturbed children in reading, mathematics and spelling. Dozens of studies have similar results, all inspired by heightening our awareness of our behavior.‎ Make commitments When you commit yourself to another person, you establish a possibility of reinforcement (后效强化); you've automatically arranged for a reward if you stick to ‎ it and a punishment if you don't. It puts some pressure on you, and that's often just what you need.‎ For instance, if you want to exercise more, arrange to do it with a friend. If you don't show up, your friend will get angry, and that may be just the ticket to keeping you punctual (准时的). In 1994 Dana Putnam and other researchers showed that patients who made written commitments were far more likely to take prescribed medicine than patients who hadn't.‎ There's good news here for all of us. We can meet many of the demands and overcome many of the challenges of life with simple skills that anyone can master and that don't require willpower — in other words, with skill, not will.‎ Title: Change Your Bad Habits to Good Paragraph outline Supporting details Introduction Most of the selfchange techniques that have been suggested before are (1)________．‎ People who are (2)________ in making changes in their lives often rely on one or more of the Three M's.‎ Modify your ‎(3)________‎ Those who have never tried this method can (4)________ enormously from it.‎ Several people have overcome nailbiting with a nail file always (5)________ reach.‎ ‎(6)________‎ your behavior If you monitor what you do, you are very (7)________ to do better.‎ The more you become (8)________ of what you're doing, the better you will perform.‎ Make ‎ commitments Committing yourself to someone else will pressure you to carry it out, which helps reward yourself.‎ The patients who made written commitments probably (9)________ medicine as instructed by doctors.‎ Conclusion Anyone can satisfy most of his demands and overcome most of the challenges with simple skills (10)________ than great willpower.‎ 答案：1.similar　2.successful　3.environment/space ‎4．benefit　5.within　6.Monitor　7.likely ‎8．aware/conscious　9.took　10.rather 检测评价B卷 阅读理解 A ‎5 Secrets of Web Travel Sites Booking a trip on an online travel site is convenient, but comes with its own set of problems.‎ ‎1．They know who's on Mac and who's on a PC and who's going to spend more.‎ Last year, US travel research company Orbitz tracked people's online activities to test out whether Mac users spend more on travel than PC users. On average, Mac users lay out US ＄20－30 more per night on hotels and go for more stars, according to the Wall Street Journal. As a result, online travel sites show these users more expensive travel options first. To avoid inadvertently paying more, sort results by price.‎ ‎2．Their software doesn't always hook up to the hotel's system.‎ ‎ A guaranteed reservation is almost impossible to come by anywhere — but the risk of your flight or hotel being overbooked increases with thirdparty provider. The middleman's software isn't immune to system errors, so always call the hotel or airline to make sure your booking was processed.‎ ‎3．Don't be fooled by packages: Often, they're lowend items grouped together.‎ Ever notice how travel sites recommend a hotel, a rental car, and tour package all in one click? These deals usually feature travel that no one wants, like flights with multiple layovers. Check the fine print.‎ ‎4．You could miss out on loyalty points.‎ Thirdparty providers can get between you and frequent flyer miles or points. Many hotel loyalty programmes don't recognise external sites, others award only minimum points and exclude special offers, like double points on hotel stays.‎ ‎5．Once your trip is purchased, you're on your own.‎ An online travel agency can't provide assistance the same way an agent can if a flight is cancelled or a room is substandard. Basically, when you arrive at the airport or hotel, you're just another client who booked at the lowest rate.‎ 语篇解读：在旅游网站上预订旅行是方便的，但随之而来的却是一系列的问题。本文将网上预订与线下预订进行对比，列出了一些网上预订的弊端以及人们需要特别注意的地方。‎ ‎1．Which of the following is TRUE?‎ A．Thirdparty providers can ensure your reservation.‎ B．Mac users are likely to spend more money than PC users.‎ C．An online travel agency functions the same as an agent.‎ D．Packages usually provide travelers with satisfactory programmes.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“On average, Mac users lay out US ＄20－30 more per night on hotels and go for more stars, according to the Wall Street Journal.”可知，Mac用户平均每晚在宾馆上多花费20美元到30美元，而且更多的是去星级酒店。显然，Mac用户可能比PC用户花费更多的钱。故选项B正确。‎ ‎2．What's the purpose of the passage?‎ A．To encourage readers to book a trip on an online travel site.‎ B．To make an advertisement about several travel sites online.‎ C．To convince readers not to book a trip on an online travel site.‎ D．To warn readers of some problems with booking trips online.‎ 解析：选D　写作意图题。根据全文并结合第一段“Booking a trip on an online travel site is convenient, but comes with its own set of problems.”可知，本文将网上预订与线下预订进行对比，列出了一些网上预订的弊端以及人们需要特别注意的地方。由此可见，本文的写作目的是告诫读者注意网上预订旅行的一些问题。故选项D符合题意。‎ B ‎(2018·淮安质检)Diggings on the storied Judean cliffside revealed a new Dead Sea Scrolls (死海经卷) cave, full of scroll storage jars and other antiques, the first such discovery in over 60 years. The discovery overturns a decadesold theory in the archaeological community that Dead Sea Scrolls were only found in certain caves at the Qumran cliffs, which are managed by Israel in the West Bank. Until now, it was accepted that Dead Sea Scrolls were found only in 11 caves at Qumran, but the ‎ teams believed there was no doubt this was the 12th cave.‎ Pottery fragments, broken scroll storage jars and their lids — even neolithic flint (新石器时代燧石) tools and arrowheads — littered the cave's entrance and farther in, there appeared to be a cavein (塌陷). After a bit of work of digging, the team made a monumental find: an unbroken storage jar with a scroll. It was rushed to Hebrew University's conservation lab, where it was unfolded in a protected environment. It had no writing; it was placed in the jar to prepare it for writing.‎ But the effort was not in vain. Scientists soon discovered the cavein was intentional and it hid a tunnel about 16－20 feet in length. At some point hidden in the tunnel, the team found a few broken storage jars with the lid. They also found the cloth coverings and the leather strap that bound the scrolls the jars once held. The team thought robbers came into the tunnel, took the scrolls, or even opened the scrolls and left everything around, the textiles, the pottery.‎ Over the last few years, researchers have believed Dead Sea Scroll fragments made their way onto the antique black market, leading authorities and researchers to start the task of surveying all the caves at Qumran in the Judean desert.‎ This was likely just the first in a series of Dead Sea Scroll discoveries and therefore the team have hundreds of caves and many years to go, making a big project, a huge operation but they are very upbeat because after 60 years people still find new caves with materials that cast new light on the scrolls.‎ According to a news release from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, the diggings are part of “Operation Scroll”， a joint effort by the university, the Israel Antiquities Authority, the Israel Nature and Parks Authority and the Civil Administration of Judea and Samaria.‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍有关耶路撒冷希伯来大学挖掘队发现第12个死海古卷洞穴的情况，这是60年来首次发现类似洞穴。‎ ‎3．From the passage, this new Dead Sea Scrolls cave is so significant because ________.‎ A．it can possibly be the evidence of the first discovery in over 60 years B．its discovery turns upside down a decadesold archaeological theory C．it was the twelfth Dead Sea Scrolls cave found at the Qumran cliffs D．it is extremely monumental to find the unbroken storage jar 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段中第二句话可知，这个新发现的死海古卷洞穴之所以如此重要，是因为它推翻了考古界数十年的理论，故选B项。‎ ‎4．The underlined word in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to “________”．‎ A．impressive　　　　　　　 B．optimistic C．crucial D．effective 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据第五段可知，还有很多洞穴要挖掘，还要历时很久，工程浩大，但是考古队仍然很有信心。因为时隔60年后人们仍然发现了新的洞穴，这使他们对找到洞穴有了新的认识。画线单词后半句话中的原因状语从句的内容是对答案的提示。‎ ‎5．The passage mainly talks about ________.‎ A．the efforts to discover an intentional cavein B．the reappearance of Dead Sea Scroll fragments C．an operation on materials casting light on scrolls D．the digging of a potential Dead Sea Scrolls cave 解析：选D　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段第一句话可得到答案，本文主要讲述的是有关挖掘队发现死海古卷洞穴的事情。‎ C When you're a parent to a young child, you spend a lot of time talking about feelings: about having to share, about being disappointed because you may not have a cookie instead of broccoli (绿花椰菜), about the great injustice of a parent pressing the elevator button before the child has a chance to.‎ And in a parenting culture that's increasingly concerned with centering children's needs above all else, mothers and fathers have become skillful at talking about their kids' feelings while masking their own. But new research suggests that parents who hide their negative emotions are doing their children, and themselves harm.‎ A study published this month says that when parents put on a fauxhappy (假开心) face for their kids, they do damage to their own sense of wellbeing and authenticity.‎ ‎“For the average parent the findings suggest when they attempt to hide their negative emotion expression and overexpress their positive emotions with their children, it actually comes at a cost: doing so may lead parents to feel worse themselves，” researcher Dr. Emily Impett, says.‎ It makes sense that parents often fall back on amping up (扩大) the positivity for the sake of their children — there are a lot of things in the world we want to protect our kids from. But children are often smarter than we expect and are quite in tune with what the people closest to them — their parents — are feeling.‎ There was a time about a year or so ago, for example, when I received some bad news over the phone; I was home with my fouryearold and so I did my best to put on a brave face. She knew immediately something was wrong though, and was confused.‎ When I finally let a few tears out and explained that Mom heard something sad about a friend, she was, of course, just fine. My daughter patted my shoulder, gave me a hug, and went back to playing. She felt better that she was able to help me, and the moment made a lot more sense to her emotionally than a smiling mom holding back sobs. I was glad that I could feel sad momentarily and not have to work hard to hide that.‎ Relaying positive feelings to your children when you don't feel them is a move the researchers called high cost — that it may seem like the most beneficial to your child at the time but that parents should find other ways of communicating emotions that “allow them to feel true to themselves”．‎ But this is also about children seeing the world in a more honest way. While we will want to protect our children from things that aren't ageappropriate or harmful, it's better to raise a generation of kids who understand that moms and dads are people too.‎ 语篇解读：父母们为了保护孩子不受伤害常常掩藏自己真实的情感，尤其是消极的感受。但研究表明，父母们这样做的代价是他们的感受会更糟糕。‎ ‎6．What is the typical behavior of parents when they bring up their children?‎ A．Allowing their children chances to do things themselves.‎ B．Expressing their dissatisfaction with their children.‎ C．Hiding their true emotions from their children.‎ D．Sharing their favorite food with their children.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，父母们在养育孩子时的典型行为是：向孩子掩藏了自己的真实的感情。故选项C正确。‎ ‎7．If parents put on a fauxhappy face, ________.‎ A．their children will be protected B．their children will be taken in C．they will feel happy as a result D．they will undergo worse feelings 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，如果父母们假装开心，他们自己的感觉会更糟糕。故选项D正确。‎ ‎8．The author mentioned the example of her daughter to illustrate ________.‎ A．children are not so clever as parents think B．children can often understand parents' true feelings C．it's meaningful for parents to always look positive D．it's necessary to expose children to harmful things 解析：选B　推理判断题。通读第六段和第七段的内容可知，作者提到她女儿的例子是为了说明，孩子们常常能够明白父母们真实的感受，并能够合理地面对这些感受。故选项B正确。‎ ‎9．We can conclude from the passage that ________.‎ A．protecting children from ageinappropriate things is important B．it makes sense for children to know their parents' negative feelings C．children will admire their parents more because of being protected D．separation from negative feelings helps children see the world honestly 解析：选B　写作意图题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，虽然我们想要保护孩子以免他们受到伤害，但是我们更需要培养一代理解父母真实情感的孩子，使他们能够明白父母们真实的感受。显然，让孩子们理解父母们消极的感情是有意义的。故选项B正确。‎ D August 1990, Boston Dear Maya Shaoming，‎ To me, June 6, 1990 is a special day. My longawaited dream came true the minute your father cried, “A girl！” You are more than just a second child, more than just a girl to match our boy. You, little daughter, are the link to our female line, the legacy of another woman's pain and sacrifice 31 years ago.‎ Let me tell you about your Chinese grandmother. Somewhere in Hong Kong, in the ‎ late fifties, a young waitress found herself pregnant (怀孕) by a cook, probably a coworker at her restaurant. She carried the baby to term, suffered to give it birth, and kept the little girl for the first three months of her life. I like to think that my mother — your grandmother — loved me and fought to raise me on her own, but that the daily struggle was too hard. Worn down by the demands of the new baby and perhaps the constant threat of starvation, she made the painful decision to give away her girl so that both of us might have a chance for a better life.‎ More likely, I was dropped at the orphanage (孤儿院) steps or somewhere else. I will probably never know the truth. Having a baby in her unmarried state would have brought shame on the family in China, so she probably kept my existence a secret. Once I was out of her life, it was as if I had never been born. And so you and your brother and I are the missing leaves on a family tree.‎ Do they ever wonder if we exist?‎ Before I was two, I was adopted by an Anglo couple. Fed three square meals a day, I grew like a wild weed and grasped all the opportunities they had to offer — books, music, education, church life and community activities. In a family of blueeyed blonds, though, I_stood_out_like_a_sore_thumb. Whether from jealousy or fear of someone who looked so different, my older brothers sometimes teased me about my unpleasing skin, or made fun of my clumsy walk. Moody and impatient, burdened by fears that none of us realized resulted from my early years of need, I was not an easy child to love. My mother and I conflicted countless times over the years, but gradually came to see one another as real human beings with faults and talents, and as women of strength in our own right. Lacking a mirror image in the mother who raised me, I had to seek my identity as a woman on my own. The Asian American community has helped me regain my double identity.‎ But part of me will always be missing: my beginnings, my personal history, all the delicate details that give a person her origin. Nevertheless, someone gave me a lucky name “Siu Wai.” “Siu” means “little，” and “Wai” means “clever.” Therefore, my baby name was “Clever little one.” Who chose those words? Who cared enough to note my arrival in the world?‎ I lost my Chinese name for 18 years. It was Americanized for convenience to “Sue.” But like an illfitting coat, it made me uncomfortable. I hated the name. But even more, I hated being Chinese. It took many years to become proud of my Asian origin ‎ and work up the courage to take back my birthname. That, plus a little knowledge of classroom Cantonese, is all the Chinese culture I have to offer you. Not white, certainly, but not really Asian, I try to pave the way between the two worlds and bridge the gap for you. Your name, “Shaoming，” is very much like mine — “Shao” means “little.” And “ming” is “bright，” as in a shining sun or moon. Whose lives will you brighten, little Maya? Your_past_is_more_complete_than_mine,_and each day I cradle you in your babyhood, generously giving you the loving care I lacked for my first two years. When I pat you, I comfort the lost baby inside me who still cries for her mother.‎ Sweet Maya, it doesn't matter what you “become” later on. You have already fulfilled my wildest dreams.‎ I love you，‎ Mommy 语篇解读：本文是作者写给女儿的一封信。作者因为从小和生母分离，从而对自己的出身不了解，但女儿比我幸运，因为她有作者给她的爱。‎ ‎10．Why is June 6, ‎1990 a special day for Mommy?‎ A．Her dream of being a mother came true.‎ B．She found her origin from her Chinese mother.‎ C．She wrote the letter to her daughter.‎ D．Her female line was well linked.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据信的第一段最后一句可知D项正确。根据第一段You are more than just a second child可知A项错，早在有第一个小孩的时候她的做妈妈的愿望就实现了。根据信的日期“August 1990”可知C项错。而全文并未提及妈妈认祖归宗的时间，故不选B。‎ ‎11．How does Mommy feel about her being given away?‎ A．It is bitter and disappointing.‎ B．It is painful but understandable.‎ C．She feels sorry but sympathetic.‎ D．She feels hurt and angry.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，妈妈被送走虽然是痛苦的决定，但也是为了彼此好。‎ ‎12．What does “I stood out like a sore thumb” in Paragraph 5 mean?‎ A．I walked clumsily out of pains.‎ B．I was not easy to love due to jealousy.‎ C．I was impatient out of fear.‎ D．I looked different from others.‎ 解析：选D　句意理解题。根据画线句子后面的“who looked so different”可以推知，此处是指我与其他人不一样。stand out意为“突出”。故选D项。‎ ‎13．What can be inferred from Mommy's Anglo family life?‎ A．She used to experience an identity crisis.‎ B．She fought against her American identity.‎ C．She forgot the pains of her early years.‎ D．She kept her love for Asia from childhood.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第五段最后两句可知，养母的身上没有跟我类似的地方，我只能自己寻找我的身份，故选A项。‎ ‎14．Why did Mommy name her daughter “Shaoming？”‎ A．To match her own birthname.‎ B．To brighten the lives of the family.‎ C．To identify her with Chinese origin.‎ D．To justify her pride in Chinese culture.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第七段中的“proud of my Asian origin”和“is all the Chinese culture I have to offer you”可知，我以我是中国人为荣，并希望女儿也能认可她自己身上有中国人的血脉。‎ ‎15．By “Your past is more complete than mine，” Mommy means ________.‎ A．her past was completed earlier than Shaoming's B．Shaoming has got motherly care and a sense of roots C．her mother didn't comfort her the way she did Shaoming D．her past was spent brokenly, first in Asia, then in the US 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第五段最后两句和第六段第一句可知，虽然历经千辛万苦，最终我找到了自己的身份，但那不是完整的我，所有关于我的童年、我的成长和我的出身的记忆都缺失了。根据画线句子后面的“generously giving you ‎ the loving care I lacked for my first two years”可知，女儿的童年比我完整，因为她有我给她的爱，而且她知道自己的根——有中国人的血脉。‎