2020届一轮复习人教版必修1Unit4Earthquakes单元学案(17页word版)

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2020届一轮复习人教版必修1Unit4Earthquakes单元学案(17页word版)

‎(一)课前自主学习 Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意 ‎1.earthquake n.[纵联1]     地震 ‎2.crack n. 裂缝;噼啪声 vt.&vi. (使)开裂;破裂 ‎3.smelly adj. 发臭的;有臭味的 ‎4.farmyard n. 农场;农家 ‎5.cyclist n. 骑自行车的人 ‎6.canal n.[纵联2] 运河;水道 ‎7.steam n. 蒸汽;水汽 ‎8.dirt n. 污垢;泥土 ‎9.extreme adj. 极度的 ‎10.survivor n. 幸存者;生还者;残存物 ‎11.track n. 轨道;足迹;痕迹 ‎12.shelter n. 掩蔽;掩蔽处;避身处 ‎13.reporter n. 记者 ‎14.outline n. 要点;大纲;轮廓 ‎15.headline n. 报刊的大字标题 Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形 ‎1.burst vi. 爆裂;爆发 n. 突然破裂;爆发 ‎2.event n. 事件;大事 ‎3.ruin n. 废墟;毁灭 vt. 毁灭; 使破产 ‎4.suffering n. 苦难;痛苦 ‎5.destroy vt. 破坏;毁坏;消灭 ‎6.useless adj. 无用的;无效的;无益的 ‎7.rescue n.&vt. 援救;营救 ‎8.trap vt. 使陷入困境 n. 陷阱;困境 ‎9.electricity n.[纵联3] 电;电流;电学 ‎10.disaster n. 灾难;灾祸 ‎11.bury vt. 埋葬;掩埋;隐藏 ‎12.title n. 标题;头衔;资格 ‎13.damage n.&vt. 损失;损害 ‎14.judge n. 裁判员;法官 vt. 断定;判断;判决 Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变 ‎1.nation n.民族;国家;国民→national adj.民族的;国家的;国民的→nationality n.国籍 ‎2.shock vt.& vi.(使)震惊;震动 n.休克;打击;震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的[纵联4]‎ ‎3.injure vt.损害;伤害→injury n.伤害;损害→injured adj.受伤的 ‎4.express vt.表示;表达 n.快车;速递→expression n.表达;表情 ‎5.frighten vt.使惊吓;吓唬→frightened adj.受惊的;受恐吓的→frightening adj.令人恐惧的 ‎6.congratulation n.祝贺;(复数)贺词→congratulate vt.祝贺 ‎7.sincerely adv.真诚地;真挚地→sincere adj.真诚的;真挚的[纵联5]‎ 纵联1.盘点合成名词(n.+n.)‎ ‎①earthquake地震 ②bookmark书签 ‎③basketball篮球 ④website网站 ‎⑤homework家庭作业 ⑥teamwork合作 纵联2.由canal带你去畅游 ‎①strait n.海峡 ②reservoir n.水库 ‎③pool n.池塘 ④ocean n.海洋 ‎⑤stream n.小溪 ⑥channel n.海峡 纵联3.“adj.+ity→n.”荟萃 ‎①electric→electricity 电;电流;电学 ‎ ‎②popular→popularity 受欢迎;流行 ‎③real→reality 现实 ‎④similar→similarity 相似点 ‎⑤secure→security 安全 ‎⑥equal→equality 平等 ‎⑦major→majority 大多数 纵联4.“ing/ed”结尾的形容词聚焦 ‎① ‎② ‎③ ‎④ ‎⑤ 纵联5.让人佩服的“真诚;诚实”品质 ‎①sincere adj. 真诚的 sincerely adv. 真诚地 ‎②genuine adj. 真诚的;真心的 genuinely adv. 真诚地;诚实地 ‎③hearty adj. 亲切的;热诚的 heartfelt adj. 真诚的;衷心的 ‎④honest adj. 诚实的;正直的 honesty n. 诚实;正直;坦诚 单元话题——自然灾害 子话题1 各种自然灾害 ‎①flood n.洪水 ②hurricane n.飓风 ‎③sandstorm n.沙尘暴 ④typhoon n.台风 ‎⑤volcano n.火山 ⑥snowstorm n.暴风雪 ‎⑦tornado n.龙卷风 ⑧tsunami n.海啸 ‎⑨landslide n.山体滑坡 ⑩drought n.旱灾;干旱 子话题2 造成的危害 ‎①terrify vt.使恐惧;使惊吓 ②ash n.灰;灰末 ‎③victim n. 受害者 ④catastrophe n. 灾难;灾祸 ‎⑤radioactive adj. 放射性的 ⑥panic n.&vi.惊慌;恐慌 ‎⑦muddy adj. 泥泞的 ⑧lava n.熔岩;岩浆 ‎⑨melt vi.融化 ⑩tidal adj.潮汐的;有涨落的 ‎⑪worsen vi.(使)恶化 ⑫fierce adj.狂暴的;恶劣的 ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一) 阅读中的词汇应用 ‎1.(2016·北京高考阅读B)When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in __❶__ (ruin). Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes and were living far away.All around her, people were suffering❷, especially the elderly. Natalie’s school was so damaged❸ that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.‎ ‎①用ruin的适当形式填空:ruins ‎②写出suffer在本单元中的同根名词:suffering_‎ ‎③写出damage在本单元的近义词:_destroy;_damage的复数形式damages意为赔偿金 ‎2.(2012·陕西高考完形填空)When she opened her eyes and saw her dog standing beside her, the girl said, “you __❶__ (rescue) me, Laddy,” and she kissed him several times. Seeing their daughter and dog coming back, the parents burst __❷__ tears of relief❸. That night Laddy had a hero’s supper: a huge meal of steak.‎ ‎①用rescue的正确形式填空:rescued ‎②在空白处填入适当的介词:into ‎③写出relief在本单元的反义词:_shock_‎ ‎3.(2010·江西高考完形填空)When Alice started to cycle❶ home from Jenny’s house, she wasn’t nervous. She was certainly not afraid❷ of the dark. Besides, it was only a 15minute ride home. But halfway there, she began to wish that she hadn’t been so brave.‎ ‎①写出cycle在本单元中的同根名词:cyclist;_cycle作为动词意为“骑车;循环”,recycle意为循环利用 ‎②写出afraid在本单元的同义词:_frightened_‎ 高考采撷(二) 写作中的词汇应用 ‎(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)‎ ‎1.(2014·北京高考书面表达)但现在,由于我的左脚在足球比赛中受伤了,所以我不能按计划和你一起去。我写信真诚地向你表达我的歉意。(injure, express, sincerely)‎ But_now,_because_my_left_foot_was_injured_in_the_football_game,_I_cannot_go_with_you_as_planned._I’m_writing_to_sincerely_express_my_apology_to_you.‎ ‎2.(2014·湖南高考写作)当一个心怀恶意的人攻击我们的时候,我们不会感到害怕,因为我们可以电击他,从而逃离危险。(frightened, shock)‎ When_a_man_with_an_evil_intention_attacks_us,_we_won’t_feel_frightened_because_we_can_give_him_an_electric_shock_and_escape_from_danger.‎ ‎ (二)课堂重点释疑 ‎1.burst vi.(burst, burst)爆裂;爆发n.突然破裂;爆发 ‎[记牢]‎ burst in/into       闯入;突然破门而入 突然哭起来/笑起来 burst with anger 勃然大怒 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He burst in without knocking at the door, which made me very angry.‎ ‎②He burst into the room without knocking at the door,which made me very angry.‎ 一句多译 看到她的同学因为她的愚蠢错误哄堂大笑,她突然哭了起来。‎ ‎③Seeing her classmates burst_out_laughing because of her foolish mistakes, she burst_out_crying. (burst out)‎ ‎④Seeing her classmates burst_into_laughter because of her foolish mistakes, she burst_into_tears. (burst into)‎ ‎[用准] 短语burst in中的in是副词,后面不接宾语;而burst into中的into是介词,后面应接宾语。‎ ‎[写美] 翻译句子 ‎⑤听到这,全班哄堂大笑,我同桌的脸变红了。‎ Hearing_this,_the_whole_class_burst_into_laughter/burst_out_laughing_and_my_deskmate’s_face_turned_red. ‎ ‎2.ruin n.[U]毁灭;毁坏;崩溃;[常用复数]废墟;遗迹vt.毁灭;使破产;成为废墟 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)lie/be in ruins     成为废墟 be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟 ‎(2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己;自取灭亡 ruin one’s health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①With time going on, the castle which once was very beautiful is now completely in ruins.‎ ‎②Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being_reduced (reduce) to ruins, the city took on a new look.‎ 一句多译 他犯了个错误,这让他失去了出国的机会。‎ ‎③ He made a mistake, which_ruined_his_chance_of_going_abroad.(定语从句)‎ ‎④He made a mistake, ruining_his_chance_of_going_abroad.(分词作状语)‎ ‎[写美] 补全句子 ‎⑤无论一个牌子多有名气,一旦辜负了消费者的信任它就有可能会毁灭。‎ No matter how famous a brand is, it can_be_in_ruins_once it betrays the trust of consumers.‎ ‎3.bury vt.埋葬;掩埋;使沉浸;隐藏;使专心 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)        埋头于;专心于 ‎(2)bury one’s face in one’s hands 双手掩面 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Buried (bury) in his study, he wasn’t aware that all the others had left.‎ ‎②Burying (bury) his face in his hands, he tried to control his weeping.‎ 句式升级 He sat at a wooden table and was buried in reading.‎ ‎→③He_sat_at_a_wooden_table,_buried_in_reading.(过去分词短语作状语)‎ ‎→④He_sat_at_a_wooden_table,_burying_himself_in_reading. (现在分词短语作状语)‎ ‎[写美] 补全句子 ‎⑤(2017·天津高考书面表达)虽然这些天我埋头读书,但我还是加入了几个学生俱乐部以提高自己。‎ Though_buried_in_books_these_days,_I have still joined several student clubs in order to improve myself.‎ ‎[联想] 表示“专心于;致力于”的短语还有:‎ ‎①be absorbed/engaged in    ②be devoted to ‎③be lost in ④focus on ‎⑤fix/concentrate one’s attention on ‎4.judge n.裁判员;法官 vt.断定;判断;判决 ‎ ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)judge ...from/by ...  从……来判断……‎ as far as I can judge 据我判断;我认为 ‎(2)judging by/from 从……来看;根据……来判断 ‎[练通] 单句语法填空 ‎①As the old saying goes, “You can’t judge a book by/from its cover.”‎ ‎②Judging (judge) from the number of cars, he thought there were not many people in the club yet.‎ ‎[用准] judging from/by表示“从……来看;根据……来判断”,用在句首时为一个独立成分,不受句子主语和时态的影响。‎ ‎[写美] 补全句子 ‎③(2017·江苏高考书面表达)我认为,电影市场在不久的将来会低迷。‎ As_far_as_I_can_judge,_the film market may witness a slowdown in the near future.‎ ‎[词汇过关综合训练]  ‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1.His house was destroyed (破坏) in the earthquake last year and he had to build a new one.‎ ‎2.After learning that the boys had been lost for almost 20 hours, the police sent out a rescue (营救) team to look for them.‎ ‎3.With so many miners buried (掩埋) under the mine, none of the rescue workers would stop to have a rest.‎ ‎4.A water pipe burst (爆裂) and the entire apartment was flooded.‎ ‎5.Too much drinking will do damage (损害) to your health; you should take the doctor’s advice. ‎ ‎6.It is useless (无用的) discussing the matter with him. He won’t change his mind.‎ ‎7.The first thing he did was to find shelter (掩蔽处) from the freezing wind and snow.‎ ‎8.It was the second air disaster (灾难) in the region in less than two months.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1.Her family was extremely (extreme) poor and all she had was one pair of shoes.‎ ‎2.Her astonished expression(express) suggested that she hadn’t expected that result.‎ ‎3.Don’t forget to praise them sincerely (sincere) when someone does something good.‎ ‎4.On arriving there, we expressed our congratulations (congratulate) to him on his success.‎ ‎5.Trapped (trap) in the ruins, the girl still wore a smile, waiting to be rescued.‎ ‎6.Seeing the frightening (frighten) scene, the boy began to cry.‎ ‎7.What the newspaper reported did a great injury to her fame.‎ ‎8.A large number of soldiers were sent there to_rescue (rescue) those trapped in the buildings.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1.Judged from her last letter, they are having a wonderful time.Judged→Judging ‎2.The little girl was so frightening that she burst out crying.frightening→frightened ‎3.The earthquake did damage for the area where many houses fell down and many people were trapped in ruins.for→to ‎4.To our relief, up to now the injured in the crash has been carried to the nearby hospital.has→have ‎5.They were extreme sad at the thought of their missing son.extreme→extremely Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子/句型转换 ‎1.他看了一眼映照在镜子里的自己的脸,突然大笑起来。(burst out)‎ He looked at his face reflected in the mirror, bursting_out_laughing.‎ ‎2.从观众的反应看来,这次演出相当成功。(judge)‎ Judging_from_the_response_of_the_audience,_the performance was quite a success.‎ ‎3.三天后火被扑灭了,大约500个街区夷为平地。(ruin)‎ Three days later, the fire was put out and some 500 blocks_lay/were_in_ruins.‎ ‎4.Because he was buried in his books, he didn’t know it was raining outside. ‎ ‎①Burying_himself_in_his_books,_he didn’t know it was raining outside.(现在分词短语作状语)‎ ‎②Buried_in_his_books,_he didn’t know it was raining outside.(过去分词短语作状语)‎ ‎(一)课前自主学习 ‎1.right_away     [串记1] 立刻;马上 ‎2.think_little/nothing_of [串记2] 认为……没什么 ‎3.at_an_end_ 结束;终结 ‎4.in_ruins 严重受损;破败不堪 ‎5.dig_out 掘出;发现 ‎6.a_(great)_number_of 许多;大量的 ‎7.be_proud_of 以……而自豪 ‎8.tens_of_thousands_of 数以万计的 ‎9.too_..._to_... 太……而不能……‎ ‎10.lose_one’s_life 失去生命 ‎[同根短语串记]‎ 串记1.“立刻;马上”来集合 ‎①right away ②right now ‎③at once ④in no time ‎⑤immediately ⑥in an instant 串记2.“think+adv.+of”短语扫描 ‎①think little of 认为……没什么 ‎②think highly of 重视;看得起 ‎③think well of 重视 ‎ ‎④think poorly of 轻视 ‎⑤think badly of 认为……不好 ‎1.look for places to_hide 找地方藏身 ‎2.jump_out of 从……往外跳 ‎3._later_that afternoon 在那天下午晚些时候 ‎4.cut across 穿过;贯穿;抄近路 ‎5.on that special day 在那个特殊的日子 ‎6.wake up 叫醒 ‎1.It_seemed_as_if_the world was at an end!‎ 仿佛到了世界末日!‎ ‎2.Thousands of families were killed and many children_were_left_without_parents.‎ 成千上万个家庭遇难,许多孩子变成了孤儿。‎ ‎3.Everywhere_they_looked nearly everything was destroyed.人们无论朝哪里看,哪里的一切都几乎被毁了。‎ ‎4.All hope was not lost.并非所有的希望都破灭了。‎ ‎5.The man was_sleeping_downstairs_when the earthquake happened.那个人正在楼下睡觉,突然发生了地震。‎ ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一) 完形中的短语(补全句子)‎ ‎1.(2018·浙江高考完形填空)By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it right_away (马上). ‎ ‎2.(2011·广东高考完形填空)I observed a_number_of (许多) intelligent children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a regular class.‎ 高考采撷(二) 写作中的短语和句式(补全句子)‎ ‎1.(2016·北京高考书面表达)我们为自己感到骄傲,相信我们可以为更美好的世界做更多的事。(proud)‎ We_are_proud_of_ourselves and believe we can do more for a better world.‎ ‎2.(2014·福建高考书面表达)这辆自行车似乎太重了,很难控制。更糟糕的是,我从自行车上摔下来很多次。(too ...to ...)‎ The bike seemed too_heavy_and_difficult_to_control. Worse still, I took many falls off the bike. ‎ ‎3.(2014·山东高考写作)这句谚语提醒了我,通往成功的道路并不总是一帆风顺。 (部分否定)‎ The proverb reminded me that the path to success was_not_always_smooth.‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎[短语集释]‎ ‎1.at an end结束;终结 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)at the end of      在……尽头;在……末端 by the end of 到……结束时;到……时候为 ‎ 止(常与完成时态连用)‎ in the end 最后;终于 使……结束 come to an end 完成;结束 ‎[练通]‎ 句型转换 The meeting was at an end and he set down many key points.‎ ‎→①The_meeting_came_to_an_end and he set down many key points.(come)‎ ‎→②We_brought_the_meeting_to_an_end and he set down many key points.(bring)‎ ‎→③We_put_an_end_to_the_meeting/We_put_the_meeting_to_an_end and he set down many key points.(put)‎ 单句改错 ‎④You should add your name in the end of the report.in→at ‎[写美] 升级句中加彩词汇 ‎⑤(2015·广东高考写作)The less the teacher does, the more the students do and the more they will learn.Finally they will become active learners rather than passive ones. In_the_end ‎2.a (great) number of许多;大量的 ‎[记牢]‎ +可数名词复数+复数谓语 ‎(2)the number of+可数名词复数+单数谓语 +不可数名词 + ‎[练通]‎ 对比填空(a number of, the number of)‎ ‎①In China, _the_number_of cities is increasing whose development is recognized across the world.‎ ‎②As China develops fast and steadily, a_number_of foreigners are learning Chinese as a second language.‎ 单句语法填空 ‎③Large amounts of money are_spent (spend) on advertisements every year.‎ ‎④With more and more forests cut down, large quantities of soil are_being_washed_(wash) away.‎ ‎[用准] “large quantities/amounts of+n.”作主语时谓语动词用复数,而“a large quantity/amount of+n.”作主语时谓语动词用单数。‎ ‎[写美] 补全句子 ‎⑤我听说我们学校的图书馆正计划购置一批新书,所以我写信推荐一些书。‎ I’ve heard that our school library is_planning_to_buy_a_number_of_new_books,_so I am writing to recommend some books.‎ ‎[句式集释]‎ ‎1.as if (=as though)引导状语从句或表语从句 ‎[教材原句] It seemed as_if the world was at an end!‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)Hurry up! It looks as if the train is_going_to_move.‎ 快点!看起来火车要开了。‎ ‎(2)The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were (be) their own mother.‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)如果as if所引导的从句表示的是真实的或极有可能发生的情况时,句子要用陈述语气。‎ ‎(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少发生或存在的情况时,从句用虚拟语气:‎ ‎①从句用一般过去时(与现在的事实相反) ‎ ‎②从句用过去完成时(与过去的事实相反) ‎ ‎③从句用would/could/might do形式(与将来的事实相反)‎ 注意事项 as though/if引导的从句中的主语和主句主语一致,且含有be动词时,从句中的主语和be动词常常可以省略。例如:Tom raised his right hand as if (Tom was) to say something.汤姆举起右手好像要说些什么。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)Everything in my childhood crowded upon my mind as if they had just happened.(要点句)‎ ‎(2)It’s very warm today. It seems as if it were spring already.(要点句)‎ ‎2.部分否定 ‎[教材原句] All hope was not lost. ‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)It’s impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs, because all of them aren’t fit for the jobs.‎ ‎=It’s impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs, because not_all_of_them_are fit for the jobs.‎ ‎(2)Nothing in the world is difficult if one sets his mind to it.‎ ‎[谚]世上无难事,只怕有心人。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)英语中的all, both, every, everybody, everything, completely, always, whole, entirely 等与否定词not连用,无论not位置如何,均构成部分否定,表示“并非……都”的意思。‎ ‎(2)英语中的no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。‎ 注意事项 在英语中常可见到一些形式上否定而意义上则表肯定的句子。如:cannot ...too ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)A recent survey shows that not all the students in our school take physical exercise in their spare time.(开头句)‎ ‎(2)(2018·浙江高考写作)Dad proposed that we should walk along the river which may lead us to the farm house and nothing seemed better than that.(要点句)‎ ‎[词块、句式过关综合训练]  ‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 lose one’s life, in ruins, a number of, right away, dig out, think little of, at an end, be proud of ‎1.Having consulted a_number_of_books about the subject in the library, he went into the room, ready to give the audience a wonderful speech.‎ ‎2.You don’t look well. You’d better go and see a doctor right_away.‎ ‎3.As the farmer ploughed the field, he dug_out a pot of jewelry.‎ ‎4.My holiday is at_an_end and I must go back to work tomorrow.‎ ‎5.You have every reason to be_proud_of your country and nation.‎ ‎6.We went to see the woman whose husband lost_his_life in the earthquake.‎ ‎7.The guy is always making phone calls to her, but she_thinks_little_of_him.‎ ‎8.The strong earthquake left the city in_ruins merely in several seconds.‎ Ⅱ.句型转换 ‎1.All body language doesn’t mean the same thing in different countries, such as nodding. (变为同义句)‎ ‎→Not_all_body_language_means_the_same_thing_in_different_countries,_such as nodding.‎ ‎2.Not all of them were allowed to go there. (变为全部否定)‎ ‎→None_of_them were allowed to go there.‎ ‎3.The old man was lying on the ground as if he was badly hurt.(状语从句的省略)‎ ‎→The old man was lying on the ground as if badly_hurt.‎ Ⅲ.分步写作 假定你是李华,你从电视新闻上得知你的美国朋友汤姆所在的城市发生了地震。请你给汤姆写一封信,内容包括:‎ ‎1.对朋友汤姆及其家人表示关切;‎ ‎2.得知该地震造成的后果感到很难过;‎ ‎3.询问汤姆及其家人是否安好;‎ ‎4.愿意尽最大努力提供帮助。‎ 注意:1.词数100左右;‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。‎ 第一步:准确审题,理行文脉络,拟写作要点 ‎1.审题:①文体:普通信件 ②人称:主要是第一、二人称 ‎③时态:主要是一般现在时和一般过去时 ‎2.拟点:通过研读题目,根据写作背景介绍和内容要求可以从以下三个方面来写作。‎ ‎①开头:得知地震消息并表达对朋友的关切之情。‎ ‎②主体:得知该地震造成的后果的心情;询问汤姆及其家人是否安好。‎ ‎③结尾:安慰朋友并表示愿意尽最大努力提供帮助。‎ 要点1:我得知你们城市发生了一场可怕的地震。我真的很担心你和你的家人。‎ I_learned_that_a_terrible_earthquake_happened_in_your_city.I_am_really_concerned_about_you_and_your_family.‎ 要点2-①:我听到这场灾难感到很难过。‎ I’m_so_sorry_to_hear_about_the_disaster.‎ 要点2-②:请告诉我你现在的生活是什么样的。‎ Please_tell_me_what_your_life_is_like_now.‎ 要点2-③:我希望你的家人都没有受伤。‎ I_hope_that_none_of_your_family_members_were_injured.‎ 要点3-①:请不要担心,一切都会好的。‎ Please_don’t_be_worried.Everything_will_be_fine.‎ 要点3-②:如果你需要帮助,请让我知道。‎ If_you_need_any_help,_please_let_me_know.‎ 要点3-③:我会尽我所能帮助你。‎ I_will_do_what_I_can_to_help_you.‎ 第二步:添加细节,文意更丰满,表达更亮眼 为了使行文连贯、满足词数要求,使句子更丰满,我们需要添加细节或使用一些高级表达以增加亮点。例如:‎ ‎1.在要点1中添加时间状语“当我观看电视新闻时”;‎ ‎2.对于要点2-①,可增加地震导致的具体后果(伤亡人数、受损程度);‎ ‎3.在要点3-③中增加介词短语“作为你最好的朋友之一”,使朋友感受到你的真诚和温暖。‎ 拓展要点1:当我观看电视新闻时得知你们城市发生了一场可怕的地震。我真的很担心你和你的家人。 (时间状语从句)‎ When_I_watched_the_news_on_TV,_I_learned_that_a_terrible_earthquake_happened_in_your_city.I_am_really_concerned_about_you_and_your_family.‎ 拓展要点2-①:我听到这场灾难感到很难过,它造成6人死亡,500多人受伤,29人失踪,200多所房屋倒塌。 (定语从句,并列句, fall down)‎ I’m_so_sorry_to_hear_about_the_disaster,_which_caused_six_deaths_and_left_more_than_five_hundred_persons_injured.29_persons_were_missing_and_over_200_houses_fell_‎ down.‎ 拓展要点3-③:作为你最好的朋友之一,我会尽我所能帮助你。(介词短语)‎ As_one_of_your_best_friends,_I_will_do_what_I_can_to_help_you.‎ 第三步:连句成文,排语句顺序,重衔接过渡 本写作采用三段式结构组织全文。可用“How are you doing?”开头,用what’s more作好文章的衔接过渡,最后用Best wishes!表达美好祝愿。‎ Dear_Tom,‎ How_are_you_doing?_When_I_watched_the_news_on_TV,_I_learned_that_a_terrible_earthquake_happened_in_your_city.I_am_really_concerned_about_you_and_your_family.‎ I’m_so_sorry_to_hear_about_the_disaster,_which_caused_six_deaths_and_left_more_than_five_hundred_persons_injured.What’s_more,_29_persons_were_missing_and_over_200_houses_fell_down.Please_tell_me_what_your_life_is_like_now.I_hope_that_none_of_your_family_members_were_injured.‎ Please_don’t_be_worried.Everything_will_be_fine.If_you_need_any_help,_please_let_me_know.As_one_of_your_best_friends,_I_will_do_what_I_can_to_help_you.‎ Best_wishes!‎ Yours_sincerely,‎ Li_Hua 理清文体结构之(四) 应用文之通知通告——抓标题及四大要素,比对定答案 通知通告类应用文结构比较单一,但是信息含量丰富。通知常含有一个主标题,点明通知类型等相关信息,正文常常涵盖通知内容、时间、地点及人物四大要素,文章结尾常常带有一些特别提示。解答此类应用文的关键在于抓住命题敏感点即标题及文中四要素,然后迅速浏览题干,找出题眼,再到文章中寻找与之相关的要素,进而比对信息得出答案。‎ ‎[抓标题及四大要素]‎ ‎[高考典例] 2015·全国卷Ⅰ·A篇 ‎[读文解题技法]‎ 主标题表明通知类型及地点 ‎  ◄‎ 副标题:时间1‎ ‎    内容1 ◄‎ ‎   副标题:时间2‎ ‎    内容2 ◄‎ ‎   Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum Our monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don’t need to book. They end around 21:00.‎ November 7th The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in ‎1.看主标题知通知类型 由主标题得知英国的London Canal Museum要举行monthly talks。‎ ‎2.读首段关注特别点 副标题:时间3‎ ‎    内容3 ◄‎ ‎   副标题:时间4‎ ‎    内容4 ◄‎ ‎   ‎  具体联系方式◄‎ ‎ training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”.‎ December 5th Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering. Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London’s ice trade grew.‎ February 6th An Update on the Cotswold Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.‎ March 6th Eyots and Aits — Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames has many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest.‎ Online bookings: www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book More info: www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatson London Canal Museum ‎1213 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT www.canalmuseum.org.uk www.canalmuseum.mobi Tel: 020 7713 0836‎ 阅读首段了解到monthly talks的起始时间及收费情况。‎ ‎3.览副标题明层次结构 ‎4个副标题为4次monthly talks的举行时间。‎ ‎4.分段速读标要素 每个副标题下涵盖开讲时间、人物和内容,标出这些要素,为后面解题做好铺垫。‎ ‎5.标出题眼找对应点 在题干中找到题眼,并在文中找到对应点,然后与标出的“要素”进行比对,便可得出答案。‎ ‎[据题眼比对定答案]‎ ‎21. is the talk on ?‎ A.February 6th.       B.March 6th.‎ C.November 7th. D.December 5th.‎ ‎22. is the topic of the talk in ?‎ A.The Canal Pioneers.‎ B.Ice for the Metropolis.‎ C.Eyots and Aits — Thames Islands.‎ D.An Update on the Cotswold Canals.‎ ‎23. will give the talk on ?‎ A.Miranda Vickers. B.Malcolm Tucker.‎ C.Chris Lewis. D.Liz Payne.‎ ‎[答案] 21.C 22.D 23.A ‎21.题眼人物1副标题:时间1,直接得出答案 ‎22.题眼时间3内容3,直接得出答案 ‎23.题眼内容4人物4,直接得出答案 ‎
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