安徽省安庆市桐城市某中学2019-2020学年高二第十八次周考英语试卷

安徽省安庆市桐城市某中学2019-2020学年高二第十八次周考英语试卷

英语试卷 一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）‎ A Nowadays science has made great progress in every aspect and more and more really good inventions have changed our daily lives． However， the U．S． Patent Office has issued over 7.5million patents （专利）， and not all of them are quite so celebrated． Some good， some bad， and some crazy! The following lists some of the most unusual ideas that have come along． Snake Leash （皮带） In 2002， a patent was issued for a snake-walking leash． There are at least two major problems with this idea． 1）Dog leashes fit securely between the head and shoulders． A snake does not have shoulders； so it might slither （蜿蜒滑行） away． 2）Dogs are OK for public places because they are social animals， and people like them． Snakes are not OK for public places because they are not social， and some people are terrified of them． Stadium Helmet Americans are known for their love of sports． Unfortunately， good tickets to games are expensive， so some fans have to sit in the backward sections． This invention， patented in 2000， is designed for these fans． Featuring a built-in radio， binoculars （望远镜）， a cooling fan， and a helmet for falling litter， this design transforms the stadium experience． Bacon Alarm Clock When you think about it， waking to the dreadful， blaring noise of an alarm clock is a terrible way to start the day． However， this clock could change that． You simply put a piece of frozen bacon in the alarm clock， set the alarm， and go to sleep． The clock gently wakes you up with the mouth watering smell of bacon the next morning， just like waking up on a Sunday morning to the smell of mom cooking breakfast． Who said there's no time to eat breakfast？ Toilet Lock In 1969， a patent was issued for a really bad idea the toilet seat lock． First of all， fishing for your keys when you have to go seems very unpleasant． Then there is the possibility of losing the key altogether． What about guests？ Just think that you would have to ask permission for the bathroom． Of course， there is the ultimate question： Why would you lock it in the first place？‎ 1. Snake Leash was designed to ______ ．‎ A. take a snake for a walk B. keep off a snake C. catch a snake D. keep dogs and snakes together 2. What can be inferred about the backward sections？ ______ ‎ A. They are close to the center of a stadium． B. They are for fans who have poor eyesight． C. They are for fans who can't afford to buy good tickets． D. They are in the center of a stadium．‎ 3. Which of the following inventions can help to save your time？ ______ ‎ A. Toilet Lock． B. Bacon Alarm Clock． C. Snake Leash． D. Stadium Helmet．‎ B I like writing； I like meeting people； I like discovering new things， then telling everyone about them； and I couldn't keep a secret if you paid me． So I became a journalist． I wrote for my school magazine， did unpaid work on my local paper， took a master's degree， got a part-time job， and then became a full-time journalist． Or at least that is what my resume would say； but the life of a journalist is more exciting than that-even if that excitement can come with a side of pain and frustration． I have lost count of the numbers of e-mails I have ignored． I have spent hours at meetings listening as hard as I could for a story-only to go home empty-handed． Once I ran around knocking on doors in a dark， dangerous-looking street in the snow to find a woman who （my editor had told me） "woke at night to find water pouring on her head"． Somehow I found her． I took photos． I interviewed her， the building owner and the fireman． I wrote the story…then I opened the paper to find it at the back， which no name on it， only 100 words long． Strangely， though， that challenge made me want to keep going． If you do succeed， the rewards of journalism are truly great． I once wrote about an old people's home where residents， including a 90-year-old blind man， were living in rooms that were full of fleas（跳蚤）， and being told to do their own repairs． A week after the story was published， the residents phoned me， overjoyed． The managers had apologized and promised to change their ways． Journalism can be dangerous and dull， and the pay （at least in the UK） is usually terrible． But it's also one of the most thrilling， rewarding jobs around． For me， there is no better career than making a difference and telling the world about it．‎ 1. What is the article mainly about？ ______ ‎ A. Getting started in a career in journalism B. Why life is easier for male journalist． C. How you can be a good journalist． D. The author's colorful experiences as a journalist．‎ 2. According to the author， her frustration in her job often comes from ______ ．‎ A. fruitless efforts B. unfair treatment C. misunderstanding D. danger and risks 3. What deeply attracts the author as a journalist is that ______ ．‎ A. she gets to see her name printed B. she can help others and bring about changes in people's lives C. she can meet different people and hear their stories D. she earns a lot through writing fun stories 4. From the article we can conclude that the author ______ ．‎ A. is not good at keeping secrets． B. is not appreciated by her editor． C. does not mind the challenges in her career． D. is interested in exciting and dangerous work．‎ C New Yorkers and visitors to the Big Apple will get to ring in the Lunar New Year， also known as Chinese New Year in the U．S．， in style with a fireworks display on the Hudson River set to ‎ music written by Academy Award-winning composer Tan Dun． The display is part of the fourth annual "Happy Chinese New Year： Fantastic Art China" festival held in New York on February 15-20， 2018． The China Central Academy of Fine Arts （CAFA）， the U．S．-China Cultural Institute and the Cultural Associate of the Committee of 100 announced this year's events on November 18 at a press conference at the Lincoln Center． The "Fantastic Art China" festival will feature a larger and more diverse series of artistic and cultural events across New York's top cultural venues （地点） and landmarks， including the Lincoln Center， Empire State Building and Jacob K． Javits Convention Center． This year's theme focuses on exploring the complicated relationship between sound and image， said Professor Yu Ding from CAFA， who is also president of Fantastic Art China and in charge of the festival's design． Lunar New Year， which celebrates the "Year of the Dog" in 2018， is an opportunity to bring China's modern art to mainstream America， and the festival serves as an innovative approach to establishing cultural exchange between China and New York City， Yu said． UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador Tan Dun's music is a new edition that will be featured at several venues， including a major art exhibition at the Javits Center， events at the Lincoln Center and the fireworks display on the Hudson， which will take place on the evening of February 6． Five barges （游艇） on the river will launch the fireworks designed by CAFA that will tell a story about celebration and conservation． "We Chinese are fond of nature， so the best way to celebrate the Lunar New Year is to salute with the sounds of nature， such as sounds of water， stone and bamboo，" said Tan Dun at the press conference， "And it will be fun to use the music of water during the firework display．" In addition to the fireworks， a special lighting show at the Empire State Building will illuminate New York City during the holiday． Chinese New Year is being recognized as a public school holiday for the first time in New York． Children from the National Dance Institute， which represents 75 schools， will perform traditional Chinese dances at the Lincoln Center and the Javits Center． And， in celebration of the "Year of the Dog" events will feature a conservation message about the endangered golden Dog in China．‎ 1. The theme of this year's celebration is centered on ______ ．‎ A. diversity of Chinese traditional festivals B. relationship between sound and image of nature C. endangered species and environment protection D. cultural exchange between China and ‎America 2. The coming "Year of the Dog" is to be celebrated in New York by ______ ．‎ A. sailing on the Hudson River along with a new-year speech B. holding a special concert at the Empire‎ State ‎Building C. asking a week off and organizing Chinese dance contests D. setting off fireworks and holding a special lighting show 3. What does the underlined word "illuminate" （in Para． 7）most probably mean？ ______ ‎ A. Surround． B. Lighten． C. Decorate． D. Broaden．‎ 4. This passage is written mainly in order to ______ ．‎ A. report celebration activities for the "Year of the Dog" in New York B. attract visitors to America for the coming new-year celebration ‎ C. strengthen the cultural co-operation between China and America D. compare some traditional festivals in China and ‎America D Have you ever run into a careless cell phone user on the street？ Perhaps they were busy talking， testing or checking updates on WeChat without looking at what was going on around them． As the number of this new "species" of human has kept rising， they have been given a new name - phubbers （低头族）． Recently， a cartoon created by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight． In the short film， phubbers with various social identities bury themselves in their phones． A doctor plays with his cell phone while letting his patient die， a pretty woman takes selfie in front of a car accident site and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone． A chain of similar events eventually leads to the destruction of the world． Although the ending sounds overstated， the damage phubbing can bring is real． Your health is the first to bear the effect and result of it． "Constantly bending your head to check your cell phone could damage your neck，" Guangming Daily quoted doctors as saying． "The neck is like a rope that breaks after long-term stretching．" Also， staring at cell phones for long periods of time will damage your eyesight gradually， according to the report． But that's not all． Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family． At reunions with family or friends， many people tend to stick to their cell phones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere， Qilu Evening News reported． It can also cost you your life． There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death， suffered accidents， and were robbed of their cell phones in broad daylight．‎ 1. For what purpose does the author give the example of a cartoon in Paragraph 2？ ______ ‎ A. To indicate the world will finally be destroyed by phubbers． B. To advertise the cartoon made by students． C. To inform people of the bad effects of phubbing． D. To warn doctors against using cell phones while treating patients．‎ 2. Which of the following is NOT a risk a phubber may have？ ______ ‎ A. His social skills could be affected． B. His neck and eyesight will be gradually harmed． C. He will cause the destruction of the world． D. He might get separated from his friends and family．‎ 3. Which of the following may be the author's attitude towards phubbing？ ______ ‎ A. Supportive． B. Objective． C. Optimistic． D. Opposed．‎ 4. What may the passage talk about next？ ______ ‎ A. Advice on how to use a cell phone． B. People addicted to phubbing． C. Measures to reduce the risks of phubbing． D. Consequences of phubbing．‎ 二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）‎ Weight loss is a hard topic． Lots of people aren't satisfied with their present weight， but most people aren't sure how to change it． You may want to look like the models or actors in magazines or on TV， but those goals might not be healthy or realistic for you． (1) ． So what should you do about your weight control？ (2) The best way to find out if you are at a healthy weight or if you need to lose or gain weight is to talk to a doctor or dietitian （营养师）． (3) If it turns out that you can benefit from weight loss then you can follow a few of the simple suggestions listed below to get started． (4) People who lose weight quickly by crash dieting or other extreme measure usually gain back all of the pounds they lost， because they haven't permanently （永久的） changed their habits． Therefore， the best weight management ways are those that you can maintain for a lifetime． Small changes are a lot easier to stick with than large ones． Try reducing the size of what you eat． (5) Once you have that done， start gradually introducing healthier foods and exercise into your life． It's a good idea to maintain a healthy weight because it's just that healthy． A．Try giving up regular soda for a week． B．You should drink nonfat or low-fat milk． C．Weight management is about long-term success． D．Try to pay attention as you eat and stop when you're full． E．Besides， no magical diet will make you look like someone else． F．Being healthy is really about being at a weight that is right for you． G．They will compare your weight with healthy standards and help you set goals．‎ 1. ‎ A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 2. ‎ A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 3. ‎ A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 4. ‎ A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 5. ‎ A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）‎ Over the last 15 years， as a doctor， I have had heart-to-heart conversations with countless patients near the end of their lives． The most common emotion they express is (21)． And that's (22)I came up with a project to encourage people to write a(23)to their loved ones． It's a lesson I learned years ago from a memorable(24) patient． He was a retired(25)with a cancer． Every day， his (26)spent many hours watching him watch television． She explained to me he had never been much of a(27)in their 50-plus years of marriage． But he seemed quite(28)to share his ideas with me，(29) when it became clear his days were (30)． He spoke of his deep regret for not having spent enough time with his wife， and of his great(31) in his son， who had joined the Navy in his father's footsteps． One afternoon， when I mentioned these(32)to his wife and son， they looked disbelievingly at each other． They thanked me for being so kind but (33)my patient was unlikely to express such feelings． To make sure his family could hear his(34)， I took my video camera with me the next morning and with the patients' (35)， recorded an open letter from him to his family． When I gave them the (36)letter， both his wife and son were moved to tears． The experience(37)my letter project， which can help people complete their life review tasks： remembering to those we may have hurt；(38) those who have hurt us and saying "I love you"． It ‎ may take much courage to write a life review letter． For some people， it (39) deep and troubling emotions．(40) it may be the most important letter you will ever write．‎ 1. ‎ A. gratitude B. regret C. apology D. affection 2. ‎ A. because B. when C. why D. how 3. ‎ A. note B. bill C. letter D. sentence 4. ‎ A. dying B. weak C. unconscious D. silent 5. ‎ A. merchant B. worker C. official D. soldier 6. ‎ A. family B. daughter C. son D. wife 7. ‎ A. husband B. lover C. talker D. companion 8. ‎ A. willing B. disturbing C. embarrassed D. delighted 9. ‎ A. specially B. especially C. exactly D. gradually 10. ‎ A. numbered B. died C. paused D. completed 11. ‎ A. satisfaction B. pride C. concern D. complaint 12. ‎ A. comments B. decisions C. explanations D. promises 13. ‎ A. denied B. disobeyed C. insisted D. refused 14. ‎ A. sorrow B. anxiety C. happiness D. love 15. ‎ A. desire B. permission C. request D. requirement 16. ‎ A. taped B. typed C. written D. scanned 17. ‎ A. raised B. inspired C. proved D. welcomed 18. ‎ A. acknowledging B. forgetting C. hurting D. forgiving 19. ‎ A. calls for B. calls off C. calls in D. calls up 20. ‎ A. So B. For C. Yet D. Otherwise 四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）‎ 21. ‎①Roy Trenton used to drive a taxi． A short while ago， however， he became a bus-driver and he has not (1) it． He is finding his new work (2) more exciting． When he was driving along Catford Street recently， he saw two (3) rush out of a shop and run towards a waiting car． ②…… Debbie's father will set (4) with her in a small boat． Mr． Hart has trained his daughter for years． Tomorrow he will be watching her (5) as she swims the long distance to England． Debbie (6) to take short rests every two hours． She will have something to drink but she will not eat any solid food． Most of Debbie's school friends will be waiting for her on the English coast． Among them will be Debbie's mother， (7) swam the Channel (8) when she was a girl． ③ The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years' time． (9) a great many people will be visiting the country， the government will be building new hotels， (10) immense stadium， and a fine new swimming pool．‎ 五、选词填空-句子（本大题共10小题，共15.0分）‎ 22. Doing eye exercises is b______ to eyes．‎ 23. Many people have a great t______ for music， but they don't notice it．‎ 24. Do you think it is possible for a robot to have its own needs and d______？‎ 25. The policeman is asking one of the w______ at the scene of the accident．‎ 26. The sea was so rough that the whaler was s______ to death．‎ 1. The music show______（指挥）by James has attracted fans from all over the world．‎ 2. If Clancy______（辞职） next month， who will take his place？‎ 3. Please put your books on the table______（整齐地）．‎ 4. The young man refused to be______（陪伴） by his parents to the new firm．‎ 5. The little child was afraid of being______（抛弃） and couldn't help crying sadly．‎ 六、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）‎ 6. 短文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误．每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改． 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词． 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉． 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词的下面写出修改后的词． 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分． While take a walk with my pet dog this morning， I met a middle-aged man who was shouting on his phone． Obviously， he bound to have a bad day． Before he left， I noticed his keys were on the ground． So I immediately picked it up and walked around to look for the man． Several minute later， it was near a mailbox in the park where I found the man． He was still shouting on his phone． I drag my dog and walked to him． He turned around and was annoying about my interruption． I showed him the keys and explained to the whole thing． Then he became aware of what had happened and said he was awful sorry．‎ 七、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）‎ 7. 假定你是李华，昨天你有一次不愉快的就餐经历，对餐厅的服务员态度非常不满意，于是你给该餐厅老板写一封投诉信．要点如下： 1、问题：牛肉面（beef noodles）里有苍蝇（fly），服务员态度粗鲁． 2、要求：餐厅赔礼道歉． 请你根据以上内容，写一封100词左右的投诉信给该餐厅经理，希望能改进服务． 注意：1．词数： 100左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯． Dear Sir / Madam， ____________ Yours， Li Hua 答案和解析 ‎1.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】A ‎【小题2】C ‎【小题3】B ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】1．A．细节理解题．根据第一部分Snake Leash中的．In 2002， a patent was issued for a snake-walking leash．可知，这是牵蛇散步的皮带．分析选项可知A正确． 2．C．推理判断题．根据Stadium Helmet部分中的Americans are known for their love of sports． Unfortunately， good tickets to games are expensive， so some fans have to sit in the backward sections． 美国人以热爱运动而闻名．不幸的是，好的门票是昂贵的，所以一些球迷必须坐在较后的部分．由此可推断出一些买不起好座位票的球迷坐的部分．分析选项可知C项符合题意． 3．B．推理判断题．根据Bacon Alarm Clock部分的内容可知，在闹钟里放一块冰冻的腊肉，然后睡觉，第二醒来，香喷喷的腊肉就可以吃了．由此可知，早晨起来不用现做腊肉了，这样就节约了时间，分析选项可知B项正确． 本文为应用说明文．主要介绍了三种专利． 推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题．这种题型包括判断题和推理题．这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理．推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义．推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理．也就是说，要做到判断有据， 推论有理， 忠实原文．切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论．如本大题的第2和3小题，就是依据文章的内容，从而判断出正确的选项． 4.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】D ‎【小题2】A ‎【小题3】B ‎【小题4】C ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】DABC 1． D．主旨大意题．根据第一段的内容可知作者喜欢与人交往，喜欢发现新事物并把它分享给别人，这就是他作为记者的原因．通过下文的描述可知作为记者的他生活丰富多彩，分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D． 2． A．推理判断题．根据第三段"Ihavelostcountofthenumbersofe-mailsIhavehadignored            ．IhavespenthoursatmeetinglisteningashardasIcouldforastory----onlytogohomeempty-handed                  ．"从中可以判断出自己被忽略的电子邮件的数量，所写的东西不被认可，只是空手回家．这是她在工作中所受的挫折．故选A． 3． B细节理解题．根据最后一段的最后一句"Forme  ，thereisnobettercareerthanmakingadifferenceandtellingtheworldaboutit              ．"对我来说，没有比对别人的生活有影响和把它分享给世人更好的事业了．由此可知这是最吸引她的地方了．分析选项可知B项（她能帮助别人给别人的生活带来改变），故选B项． 4． C推理判断题．根据第五段"Strangely，though，thatchallengemademewanttokeepgoing       ．"奇怪的是，那个挑战让我想继续前进．分析可知，挑战只能让她继续前进，由此可知她并不介意挑战，分析选项可知，C项（不在意工作中的挑战）符合题意，故选C ‎． 本文属于故事类文章．文章主要讲述作者喜欢记者这个职业，是因为她喜欢与人交往，喜欢发现新事物并分享给他人，喜欢帮助别人去改变人们的生活，虽然有挑战但她却不在意． 阅读理解，首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，仅仅抓住上下文所提供的信息，熟悉题干和选项，然后根据语境逐一选出答案，最后再通读检查一遍，看所选答案是否和原文意思一致． 8.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】B ‎【小题2】D ‎【小题3】B ‎【小题4】A ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】1-4  BDBA 1．B．细节理解题．根据第四段第一句 This year's theme focuses on exploring the complicated relationship between sound and image…可知，今年的活动主题是探索声音与图象之间的复杂关系．故选B项． 2．D．细节理解题．根据倒数第二段 In addition to the fireworks，a special lighting show…during the holiday．可知，将会通过放烟花和一场特别的灯光秀来庆祝猴年．故选D． 3．B． 词义猜测题．根据语境可知，帝国大厦的这场灯光秀将会"闪耀"整个纽约．故选B项． 4．A．  主旨大意题．通读全文可知，整篇文章都围绕着美国纽约市庆祝中国新年的一些活动展开，故选A项． 本文是一篇历史文化类的记载文章，主要讲述了美国纽约市庆祝中国猴年的一些活动． 阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点． 12.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】C ‎【小题2】C ‎【小题3】D ‎【小题4】C ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】1．C．推理判断题．根据第二段中的"a doctor plays with his cell phone while letting his patient die， a pretty woman takes selfe in front of a car accident site， and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone， a chain of similar events eventually leads to a series of destruction．"可知，作者举这个例子就是为了证明低头族带来的种种危害，故C项正确． 2．C．细节题．根据文章内容the neck is like a rope that breaks after long-term stretching．"Also，staring at cell phones for long periods of time will damage your eyesight gradually脖子就像一根绳子，长时间拉伸后会断开，"而且，长时间盯着手机会逐渐损害你的视力．"可知A为正确选项； damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family该句说明B和D为正确选项；而C选项在文中没有提及，因此选C． 3．D．观点态度题．根据文章内容，特别是最后一段中的"It can also cost you your life． There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death， suffered accidents， and were robbed of their cell phones in broad daylight．这也会让你付出生命的代价，有很多关于普培人在光天化日之下摔死、遭遇意外、手机被抢的报道．"可知，很多低头族付出了生命的代价，由此可知作者对低头族持反对态度，故D项正确． 4．C．推理判断题．根据最后一段"It can also cost you your life…它也会让你失去生命"‎ 可知，很多低头族付出了生命的代价，带来了很多社会问题，因此接下来作者会介绍如何减少低头族风险的措施，故C项正确． 本文是一篇人生感悟类阅读，作者通过描述低头族过度使用手机所带来的危害，提醒我们恰当使用手机． 本文是一篇人生感悟类阅读，题目涉及多道主旨大意题，细节理解题，推理判断题．做题时学生应仔细阅读原文，把握文章主要内容，联系文章上下文内容并结合所给选项含义，从中选出正确答案，一定要做到有理有据，切忌胡乱猜测，如本文的第一题，学生需要找出作者对人们使用手机的具体描述进行作答． 16.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】E ‎【小题2】F ‎【小题3】G ‎【小题4】C ‎【小题5】A ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】1-5 EFGCA 1．E．细节理解题．根据下文" So what should you do about your weight control？那么你应该怎么控制体重呢？"．可知此处应填"此外，没有神奇的饮食会让你看起来像别人"．故选E． 2．F．细节理解题．根据下文"The best way to find out if you are at a healthy weight or if you need to lose or gain weight is to talk to a doctor or dietitian 要想知道你的体重是否处于健康水平，或者你是否需要减肥或增肥，最好的方法就是咨询医生或营养师"．可知此处应填"健康就是要有一个适合你的体重"．故选F． 3．G．细节理解题．根据前文"The best way to find out if you are at a healthy weight or if you need to lose or gain weight is to talk to a doctor or dietitian 要想知道你的体重是否处于健康水平，或者你是否需要减肥或增肥，最好的方法就是咨询医生或营养师"．可知此处应填"他们会将你的体重与健康标准进行比较，帮助你设定目标"．故选G． 4．C．推理判断题．根据下文"People who lose weight quickly by crash dieting or other extreme measure usually gain back all of the pounds they lost， because they haven't permanently changed their habits通过速成节食或其他极端方法快速减肥的人通常会把减掉的体重全部反弹回来，因为他们没有永久性地改变自己的习惯"．可知此处应填"体重管理关乎长期的成功"．故选C． 5．A．推理判断题．根据下文"Once you have that done， start gradually introducing healthier foods and exercise into your life．一旦你做到了这一点，就开始逐渐地把更健康的食物和锻炼引入你的生活．"．可知此处应填"试着一周不喝苏打水"．故选A． 本文是一篇选句填空，文章主要介绍了减肥是一个很难的话题．很多人对自己目前的体重不满意，但大多数人不知道如何改变．你可能想要看起来像杂志或电视上的模特或演员，但这些目标对你来说可能是不健康或不现实的． 做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据． 21.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】B ‎【小题2】C ‎【小题3】C ‎【小题4】A ‎【小题5】D ‎【小题6】D ‎【小题7】C ‎【小题8】A ‎【小题9】B ‎【小题10】A ‎【小题11】B ‎【小题12】A ‎【小题13】C ‎【小题14】D ‎【小题15】B ‎【小题16】A ‎【小题17】B ‎【小题18】D ‎【小题19】D ‎【小题20】C ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】1-5 BCCAD     6-10 DCABA    11-15 BACDB    16-20 ABDDC 1．B  名词辨析．A． gratitude感激； B． regret后悔； C． apology道歉； D． affection喜爱；根据下文"He spoke of his deep regret for not having spent enough time with his wife，"可知，他们表达的最常见的情感就是遗憾．regret遗憾．故选B． 2．C  连词辨析．A． because因为； B． when什么时候；C． why为什么； D． how怎么；句意：这就是我为什么想出一个计划鼓励人们给爱的人写临终信．why为什么．故选C． 3．C  名词辨析．A． note注释； B． bill支票；C． letter信； D． sentence句子；根据上文near the end of their lives．可知，作者让病人给爱的人写临终信．故选C． 4．A  形容词辨析．A． dying死亡； B． weak虚弱的； C． unconscious无意识的； D． silent沉默的；根据下文"especially when it became clear his days were．"可知，这个病人快要死了．dying快要死了．故选A． 5．D  名词辨析．A． merchant商人； B． worker工人； C． official官员； D． soldier士兵；根据下文"joined the Navy"可知，这个病人是一个退休的士兵．Soldier士兵．故选D． 6．D  名词辨析．A． family家庭； B． daughter女儿； C． son儿子； D． wife妻子；根据下文"his wife and son，"可知，他的妻子花很多时间在他床边看他看电视．wife妻子．故选D． 7．C  名词辨析．A． husband丈夫； B． lover爱人； C． talker说话者；D． companion伴侣；根据上文"studied silence all his life．"可知，在50几年的婚姻中不怎么说话．talker讲话者．故选C． 8．A  形容词辨析．A． willing乐意的； B． disturbing打扰的； C． embarrassed尴尬的； D． delighted高兴的；句意：但是他似乎很愿意和我分享他的想法．willing愿意的．故选A． 9．B  副词辨析．A． specially专门； B． especially尤其；C． exactly确切地； D． gradually逐渐地；但他似乎很愿意和我分享他的想法，特别是当他日子不多的时候．故选 B． 10． A 动词辨析．A． numbered总计；B． died死亡； C． paused停顿； D． completed完成；但他似乎很愿意和我分享他的想法，特别是当他日子不多的时候．根据上文 "near the end of their lives．"可知，他的日子屈指可数了．number总计；把…算作．故选A． 11．B 动词辨析．  A． satisfaction满意； B． pride骄傲； C． concern关心； D． complaint抱怨；根据下文"who had joined the Navy in his father's footsteps．"可知，他对儿子是引以为荣的．pride骄傲．故选B． 12．A  名词辨析．A． comments评论； B． decisions决定； C． explanations解释； D． promises承诺；根据上文"He spoke of his deep regret"可知，作者向他妻子和儿子谈及他的这番话．comments评论，话．故选A． 13．C 动词辨析．  A． denied拒绝；B． disobeyed违背； C． insisted坚持； D． refused拒绝；句意：他们感谢我的好意，但是坚持说我的病人不可能说这样的话．insisted坚持．故选C． 14．D  形容词辨析．A． sorrow痛苦； B． anxiety焦虑； C． happiness幸福； D． love爱；根据上文"whom he loved very much，"可知，为了让家人听到他的爱（love）．故选D． 15．B  名词辨析．A． desire渴望； B． permission允许； C． request要求； D． requirement要求；根据下文"recorded an open letter from him to his family．"可知，作者得到病人的允许，为他录制了给家人的公开信．permission允许．故选B． 16．A 动词辨析． A． taped录音； B． typed打印；C． written写； D． scanned 浏览；根据上文 "recorded an open letter from him to his family．"可知，我将这封录音的信给了他们．tape录音．故选A． 17．B 动词辨析． A． raised提高； B． inspired激励； C． proved证明； D． welcomed欢迎； 句意：这个经历激发起the Stanford Friends and Family Letter Project 的想法．inspired激励．故选B． 18．D  动词辨析．  A． acknowledging承认； B． forgetting忘记； C． hurting伤害； D． forgiving原谅；根据"those who have hurt us"可知，应该原谅伤害我们的人．forgiving原谅．故选D． 19．D 动词辨析．A． calls for号召； B． calls off 取消；C． calls in叫进来； D． calls up唤起；  根据上文"It may take tremendous courage to write a life review letter．"可知，对很多人来说，这唤起深深的困扰的情感．call up唤起．故选D． 20．C  副词辨析．A． So那么； B． For为了； C． Yet然而； D． Otherwise否则；然而，这是你写的最重要的信．Yet然而．故选C． 本文是一篇记叙文，作者当医生的时候，和一些临终的病人有过心与心的交流，很多病人流露出遗憾，激发了作者让病人写临终信的想法．一个病人平时不和家人交流，临终时表示对家人的遗憾，作者给他录制一封公开信，表达对家人的爱． 近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高．做完型填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容．千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致．选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确． 41.【答案】【小题1】regretted ‎【小题2】far ‎【小题3】thieves ‎【小题4】out ‎【小题5】anxiously ‎【小题6】intends ‎【小题7】who ‎【小题8】herself ‎【小题9】As ‎【小题10】an ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】1．regretted．考查时态．此处表示"他成了公共汽车司机，他并不后悔"，根据前面的has not可知这里要填过去分词regretted． 2．far．考查副词．句意：他发现他的新工作更令人兴奋，此处用far修饰比较级more exciting． 3．thieves．考查名词单复数．此处表示"他看见两个小偷从商店里冲出来，朝一辆等候的汽车跑去"，根据前面的two可知这里要用thief的复数． 4．out．考查副词．句意： 黛比的父亲将和她一起乘小船出发，set out意为"出发"． 5．anxiously．考查副词．句意：明天他将焦急地注视着她游到英国的长途旅行，此处用副词修饰动词will be watching． 6． intends．考查主谓一致．句意：黛比打算每两小时休息一会儿， 主语是Debbie，且表示一般情况，因此谓语动词要用单数． ‎ ‎7． who．考查定语从句引导词．这里是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Debbie's mother，且从句缺少主语，因此要用who来引导． 8．herself．考查代词．此处表示"其中包括黛比的母亲，她小时候曾独自游过英吉利海峡．"， 结合语境可知此处表示"独自"，因此填herself． 9．As．考查连词．句意：由于许多人将访问这个国家，政府将建造新的旅馆、一个巨大的体育场和一个漂亮的新游泳池，结合语境可知此处表示明显的因果关系，因此用as． 10．an．考查冠词．句意：由于许多人将访问这个国家，政府将建造新的旅馆、一个巨大的体育场和一个漂亮的新游泳池，结合语境可知此处表示泛指"一个"，且immense的发音是以元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an． ①Roy Trenton以前开过出租车．但不久前，他成了一名公共汽车司机，他并不后悔．他发现他的新工作更令人兴奋．最近他在凯特福德大街上开车时，看见两个小偷从商店里冲出来，向一辆等候的汽车跑去． ②……戴比的父亲将乘小船和她一起出发．哈特先生已经训练了他的女儿很多年．明天他将急切地看着她游到遥远的英国．戴比打算每两小时休息一次．她会喝点东西，但她不会吃任何固体食物．戴比的大部分．学校的朋友们将在英国海岸等她，其中包括黛比的母亲，她小时候曾独自游过英吉利海峡． ③奥运会将在四年后在我国举行，由于许多人将访问我国，政府将建造新的旅馆、动物体育场和一个新的游泳池． 考查语法填空．语法填空主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识．本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等．因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识． 42.【答案】eneficial ‎ ‎【解析】答案：beneficial 本题考查形容词用法．根据空前be动词"is"可知，此空为形容词．根据句意"做眼保健操对眼睛_____．"以及所给首字母"b"可知，此空意思应为"有益的"，英语中以字母"b"开头的形容词"有益的"为"beneficial"，"be beneficial to sth．"意为"对…有益"，此句意为"做眼保健操对眼睛有益．"，故填beneficial． 做眼保健操对眼睛有益． 本题考查形容词用法．学生需要根据句子结构判断出所填词汇词性，根据句意以及首字母判断选词． 43.【答案】alent ‎ ‎【解析】答案：talent 本题考查名词用法．根据空前形容词"great（巨大的）"可知，此空为名词．根据句意"很多人对音乐有巨大的_______，但他们没有注意到．"以及所给首字母"t"可知，此空意思应为"天赋"．英语中以字母"t"开头的名词"天赋"为"talent"，"talent"表示具体某方面天资时是可数名词．根据空前不定冠词"a"可知，此空为名词单数，此句意为"很多人对音乐很有天赋，但他们没有注意到．"，故填talent． 很多人对音乐很有天赋，但他们没有注意到． 本题考查名词用法．学生根据首字母以及句意，判断所用词汇，根据句子结构，判断所填词词性，对词汇进行适当变形，从而得出正确答案． ‎ ‎44.【答案】esires ‎ ‎【解析】答案：desires 本题考查名词用法．根据空前并列连词"and"以及"and"前名词"needs"可知，此空为名词．根据句意"你认为机器人有可能有自己的需求和____吗？"以及所给首字母"d"可知，此空意思应为"欲望"，英语中以字母"d"开头的名词"欲望"为"desire"，"desire"意为"欲望"时可用作可数名词，根据空前"needs"可知，此空为名词复数，故填desires． 你认为机器人有可能有自己的需求和欲望吗？ 本题考查名词用法．学生根据首字母以及句意，判断所用词汇，根据句子结构，判断所填词词性，对词汇进行适当变形，从而得出正确答案． 45.【答案】itnesses ‎ ‎【解析】答案：witnesses 本题考查名词用法．根据空前定冠词"the"以及句子结构可知，此空为名词．根据句意"警察正在询问事故现场的其中一位_____．"以及所给首字母"w"可知，此空意思应为"目击者"，英语中以字母"w"开头的名词"目击者"为"witness"，为可数名词．根据空前"one of"可知，此空为名词复数，故填witnesses． 警察正在询问事故现场的其中一位目击者． 本题考查名词用法．学生根据首字母以及句意，判断所用词汇，根据句子结构，判断所填词词性，对词汇进行适当变形，从而得出正确答案． 46.【答案】cared ‎ ‎【解析】答案：scared 本题考查形容词用法．根据空前be动词"was"可知，此空为形容词．根据句意"大海太汹涌，捕鲸者____要死．"以及所给首字母"s"可知，此空意思应为"害怕的；受惊吓的"，英语中以字母"s"开头的形容词"害怕的；受惊吓的"为"scared"，"be scared to death"意为"吓得要死；极害怕的"，此句意为"大海太汹涌，捕鲸者吓得要死．"，故填scared． 大海太汹涌，捕鲸者吓得要死． 本题考查形容词用法．学生需要根据句子结构判断出所填词汇词性，根据句意以及首字母判断选词． 47.【答案】conducted ‎ ‎【解析】答案：conducted，考查翻译填空，要翻译的部分为"指挥"，用动词conduct，和它所修饰的的之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填conducted． 詹姆斯主持的音乐节目吸引了世界各地的歌迷． 翻译填空，先确定要填的词词性，如果是名词，要考虑名词的数，不可数名词没有复数，可数名词要考虑单复数的问题；如果是动词，要考虑时态，主谓一致；如果是修饰名词，应该用形容词，如果修饰动词，应该用副词． 48.【答案】resigns ‎ ‎【解析】答案：resigns，考查翻译填空，要翻译的部分为"辞职"，所以用动词resign，主句用一般将来时态，所以if条件句用一般现在时态，主语为单数名词，所以用第三人称单数谓语，故填resigns ‎． 如果克兰西下个月辞职，谁来接替他？ 翻译填空，先确定要填的词词性，如果是名词，要考虑名词的数，不可数名词没有复数，可数名词要考虑单复数的问题；如果是动词，要考虑时态，主谓一致；如果是修饰名词，应该用形容词，如果修饰动词，应该用副词． 49.【答案】neatly ‎ ‎【解析】答案：neatly，考查翻译填空，要翻译的部分为"整齐地"，修饰动词，所以用副词，故填neatly． 请把你的书整齐地放在桌子上． 翻译填空，先确定要填的词词性，如果是名词，要考虑名词的数，不可数名词没有复数，可数名词要考虑单复数的问题；如果是动词，要考虑时态，主谓一致；如果是修饰名词，应该用形容词，如果修饰动词，应该用副词． 50.【答案】accompanied ‎ ‎【解析】答案：accompanied，考查翻译填空，要翻译的部分为"陪伴"，表示"被陪伴"，所以用过去分词和be构成不定式的被动，故填accompanied． 这个年轻人拒绝由父母陪同去新公司． 翻译填空，先确定要填的词词性，如果是名词，要考虑名词的数，不可数名词没有复数，可数名词要考虑单复数的问题；如果是动词，要考虑时态，主谓一致；如果是修饰名词，应该用形容词，如果修饰动词，应该用副词． 51.【答案】abandoned ‎ ‎【解析】答案：abandoned．本题考查翻译填空．根据句意和所给汉语提示可知这里使用动词abandon意为"放弃．抛弃"，child和abandon是被动关系，用过去分词． 这个小孩害怕被遗弃，忍不住哭了起来． 本题考查翻译填空，根据句意和给出的汉语提示判断需要的单词和形式． 52.【答案】While  take a walk with my pet dog this morning， I met a middle-aged man who was shouting on his phone． Obviously， he∧ bound to have a bad day．  Before he left， I noticed his keys were on the ground． So I immediately picked  it up and walked around to look for the man． Several  minute later， it was near a mailbox in the park  where I found the man． He was still shouting on his phone． I  drag my dog and walked to him． He turned around and was  annoying about my interruption． I showed him the keys and explained to the whole thing． Then he became aware of what had happened and said he was  awful sorry． 1． take改为taking  2． bound前加was  3． Before改为After  4． it改为them  5．minute改为 minutes  6．where改为that  7． drag 改为dragged  8．annoying改为annoyed  9．explain后的to删除 ‎  10．awful改为awfully ‎ ‎【解析】1． take改为taking，考查现在分词．I与take之间是主谓关系，用现在分词，此处是while+动词现在分词作状语． 2． bound前加was，考查固定搭配，be  bound to  do一定做某事，描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，主语为he，所以用was． 3． Before改为After，考查连词．根据句意：在他离开后．用连词after． 4． it改为them，考查人称代词，指代前面的keys，所以用them做宾语． 5．minute改为 minutes ，考查名词的数，前面有several，minute为可数名词，所以用复数名词． 6．where改为that，考查强调句，强调句型为it is+被强调部分+that，此处强调地点状语． 7． drag 改为dragged，考查时态，描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态． 8．annoying改为annoyed，考查词义辨析，指人"生气的"，所以用annoyed，annoying指"令人生气的"． 9．explain后的to删除，考查动词，explain为及物动词，后跟解释的内容，不需要介词． 10．awful改为awfully，考查副词，修饰形容词，所以用副词． 53.【答案】Dear Sir/ Madam， I am Li Hua， a frequent customer in your restaurant． I have been pleased with your excellent service for years but now I'm writing to express my dissatisfaction about the poor service of your waiters．（点明书信目的） Yesterday， I went to your restaurant to have lunch but I had an awful experience． When having beef noodles， I suddenly found there were two flies in them， which disgusted me a lot．【高分句型一】 So I asked the waiter to change another dish． Out of my expectation， he didn't change it but said in a rude manner that he was too busy to solve the problem． Needless to say， the way of treating customers was really bad． It's my sincere hope that you can investigate the matter seriously and make a formal apology to me．【高分句型二】（说明自己碰到的问题以及要求） I look forward to a better service next time．（期盼提高服务质量） Yours Li Hua ‎ ‎【解析】高分句型 1．When having beef noodles， I suddenly found there were two flies in them， which disgusted me a lot． 句子里，When having beef noodles是省略句，省略了I was；代指主句 I suddenly found there were two flies in them， 关系词which引导非限制性定语从句 disgusted me a lot． 吃牛肉面的时候，突然发现里面有两只苍蝇，让我很反感． 2．It's my sincere hope that you can investigate the matter seriously and make a formal apology to me． 句子里，It做形式主语，代指that 引导的主语从句you can investigate the matter seriously and make a formal apology to me． ‎ 我真诚地希望你能认真调查此事并向我正式道歉． 本文属于提纲作文，动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题．平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果． ‎