【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修六Unit4Globalwarming单元学案设计（25页word版）

【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修六Unit4Globalwarming单元学案设计（25页word版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修六Unit 4Global warming单元学案设计 话题词汇 ‎1．environmentally friendly环保的 ‎2．pollutant n．污染物 ‎3．recycle v．回收 ‎4．nonrenewable adj.不可再生的 ‎5．disastrous adj.灾难性的 ‎6．alternative energy替代能源 ‎7．endangered species濒危物种 ‎8．limited natural resources有限的自然资源 ‎9．global warming全球变暖 ‎10．arouse people’s awareness of environmental protection提高公众的环保意识 话题佳作 假设你所在的学校英语角要举行一次以低碳环保生活为主题的活动，请你根据下面要点，用英语写一篇演讲稿，建议那些坐私家车上学的同学采取更加环保的交通方式上学。‎ ‎1．私家车排放废气是空气污染的一个主要原因。‎ ‎2．建议大家骑自行车、乘坐公交车等公共交通工具上学。‎ ‎3．如果每个人都这样做，将是对环保极大的贡献。‎ 佳作欣赏 Boys and girls，the topic of my lecture is to go to ‎ school in an environmentally friendly way.As we all know，automobile exhaust gases are ‎ considered one of the major sources which are poisoning the air badly.Then can we do something to make a difference？Of course we can.At least we can choose an environmentally friendly way to go to school every day.That is to say we should avoid taking a private car.Instead we should choose public transport as much as we can.If possible，we can ride a bike or take a bus to school.Not only can we save some money，but also build up our body by riding a bike every day.If every one of us follows the suggestion above，we are going to contribute a lot to the environment protection.‎ 名师点睛 本文是一篇演讲稿，在描述现象时使用第三人称，表明观点时使用第一人称，时态以一般现在时为主。本文结构分为三部分：(1)问候并交代演讲主题——用环保的交通方式上学。(2)围绕主题进行阐述：汽车尾气污染环境；可以使用绿色方式上学来减少这种污染；可以乘坐公共交通工具或骑自行车上学。(3)总结：号召大家绿色出行。本文中出现的复杂句式有：定语从句、倒装句、状语从句、省略句等。作者还注重运用了一些恰当的关联词语如that is to say，instead，then，not only...but also等，使文章过渡自然，衔接紧密。‎ Ⅰ.写作必记单词 ‎1．tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾；vt.照顾；护理 ‎2．oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量 opposed adj.反对的；对立的 ‎3．consequence n．结果；后果；影响 ‎4．state vt.陈述；说明 ‎5．steady adj.平稳的；持续的；稳固的 ‎6．tendency n．倾向；趋势 tend v．趋向；易于；照顾 ‎7．average adj.平均的 ‎8．pollution n．污染；弄脏 pollute vt.污染 ‎9．circumstance n．环境；情况 ‎10．contribution n．贡献 contribute v．贡献 Ⅱ.阅读识记单词 ‎11．consume vt.消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完 consumer n．消费者；用户；消耗者 consumption n．消耗(量)‎ ‎12．random adj.胡乱的；任意的 ‎13．phenomenon n．现象 ‎14．subscribe vi.同意；捐赠；订阅；vt.签署(文件)；捐助 ‎15．quantity n．量；数量 ‎16．data n．资料；数据 ‎17．range n．种类；范围 ‎18．glance vi.看一下；扫视；n.一瞥 ‎19．widespread adj.分布广的；普遍的 ‎20．existence n．生存；存在 ‎21．advocate vt.拥护；提倡；主张 ‎22．commitment n．承诺；交托；信奉 ‎23．growth n．增长；生长 ‎24．electrical adj.电的；与电有关的 electric adj.电的，用电操作的 electronic adj.电子的 electricity n．电 ‎25．casual adj.随便的；漫不经心的；偶然的 ‎26．refresh vt.使恢复；使振作 ‎27．educator n．教育工作者；教育家 educate vt.教育 education n．教育 ‎28．disagreement n．分歧；不一致 语境活用　[用所给词的正确形式填空]‎ ‎1．Some think that a woman’s body cells have a tendency(tend) to age more slowly than a man’s.(2016·四川)‎ ‎2．She encouraged a sense of community(社区) by creating shelters and promoting education(educate) and services for people in need.(2016·全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎3．Who made a great contribution(contribute) to the civilrights movement in the U．S.？(2016·全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎ 4.The exhibition tells us why we should do something to stop air pollution(pollute)．(2015·四川)‎ ‎5．In this article，you need to back up general statements(state) with specific examples.(2016·浙江)‎ ‎6．The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth(grow) in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity.(2016·北京)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1．come about发生；造成 ‎2．subscribe to同意；赞成；订购 ‎3．quantities of大量的 ‎4．go up上升；增长；升起 ‎5．result in导致 ‎6．be opposed to反对……‎ ‎7．keep on继续 ‎8．on the whole大体上；基本上 ‎9．on behalf of代表……一方；作为……的代言人 ‎10．put up with忍受；容忍 ‎11．and so on等等 语境活用　[运用上述短语完成片段]‎ As we can see，many people 1.keep on(继续) throwing rubbish.I wonder how this sort of bad habit 2.comes about(发生).3.On the whole(总之)，I am strongly 4.opposed to(反对) the behavior of this kind and can’t 5.put up with(忍受) it.6.On behalf of(代表) those who take good care of the environment，I would like to say as long as we can behave ourselves and start from ourselves to protect the earth，we can create a beautiful environment.‎ ‎1．There is no doubt that...‎ There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.‎ 毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和，并且全球变暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。‎ 仿写　毫无疑问，那里的孩子们急需关心和帮助。‎ There is no doubt that children there are badly in need of care and help.‎ ‎2．even if引导让步状语从句 Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the ‎ climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.‎ 即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在(未来)几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。‎ 仿写　由上层人士做最终决定，即使其他人不同意。(2014·浙江)‎ Higherups make the final decisions，even if others might disagree.‎ ‎3．so/as long as 引导条件状语从句 It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if not，turn it off!‎ 只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！‎ 仿写　只要有爱心和美德，世界将更美好。(2014·广东)‎ As long as there is kindness and virtue，the world will become more beautiful. ‎ ‎ quantity n. 数量；量 ‎(1)Your work has improved in quantity and quality this term.本学期你的作业在数量上和质量上都有所提高。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)My brother bought a large quantity of books.‎ 我弟弟买了大量的书。‎ in quantity大量 quantities of＋名词＋复数谓语动词 许多……‎ a quantity of＋　大量 ‎……‎ ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)A large quantity of beer was sold(sell) yesterday.‎ ‎(2)Large quantities of food are wasted(waste) because of the way it looks.‎ ‎(3)A large quantity of air conditioners have been sold(sell) since the summer came.‎ ‎(4)The cards are cheaper if you buy them in quantity.‎ ‎ oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量 ‎(1)Congress is continuing to oppose the President’s healthcare budget.‎ 国会继续反对总统的卫生保健预算。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)The father is opposed to his son’s marriage.‎ 父亲反对儿子的婚事。‎ ‎(1)oppose (doing) sth.反对(做)某事 ‎(2)be opposed to反对 as opposed to而；相对于 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)His daughter is very athletic as opposed(oppose) to his son.‎ ‎(2)She is opposed to your marrying her.‎ ‎(3)He opposed building(build) a new hall.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(4)The government postponed the new proposal because a lot of people were opposed to ‎ it.(用with复合结构改写)‎ With a lot of people opposed to/opposing the new proposal，the government postponed it.‎ ‎ range n．种类；范围；v.排列；涉及 ‎(1)The drug is effective against a range of bacteria.‎ 这种药品对一类细菌有效。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)There are 120 students whose ages range from 10 to 18.有120名学生，年龄在10到18岁之间。‎ a range of一系列……‎ beyond/out of one’s range/the range of sb.超出某人的范围 in/within the range of在……范围之内 range from...to...从……到……之间变化 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The exchange program between the UK and China may affect various schools ranging(range) from kindergarten to high school.‎ ‎(2)We have a range of men’s shirts on special offer.‎ ‎(3)Topics range from beauty to the risks of drinking.‎ ‎ average adj.(无比较级)平均的；平常的 n．平均；平均数；一般水平；平均标准 ‎(1)She was just an average high school athlete.‎ 她仅仅是个普通中学运动员。(2016·江苏)‎ ‎(2)It’s said that the paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.‎ 据说这个报社平均每天要收到接近一百来篇稿件。‎ an average of平均有(后跟数词)……‎ the average of...……的平均数 on (an/the) average平均；一般地 above/below (the) average在平均水平以上/以下 ‎“an average of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数；“the average of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。‎ ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The average of these numbers is(be) 50.‎ ‎(2)An average of 10 students were(be) absent each day last term.‎ ‎(3)On average we receive ten letters each day.‎ ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(4)With the help of the teacher，Mary’s physics is now up to the average(现在已达到平均水平)．‎ ‎(5)Her brother is above average(在平均水平以上) in his reading ability.‎ ‎ circumstance n．环境；情况 ‎(1)Obviously we can’t deal with the problem until we know all the circumstances.‎ 显然，我们只有了解全部情况后才能处理这个问题。(剑桥词典)‎ ‎(2)I wish we could have met under happier circumstances.‎ 我真希望我们是在更愉快的情况下相识的。‎ in/under no circumstances决不(置于句首，句子要用倒装语序) in/under the circumstances在这种情况下；既然这样 in/under any circumstances在任何情况下 if circumstances allow/permit如果情况允许 ‎(1)抽象地点名词，如：point，stage，case，situation，condition，position，activity，scene，occasion，environment，circumstance等作先行词，并在从句中作状语时，用where或“介词＋which”引导定语从句。‎ ‎(2)在短语in/under the/no/any circumstances中circumstance总是用复数。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.‎ ‎(2)I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decisions of my own.‎ 写作能力提升——[完成句子]‎ ‎(3)Under no circumstances must you leave the house(你必须离开房子)．‎ ‎(4)You must not mention your colleagues under/in any circumstances(在任何情况下)．‎ ‎(5)Iran and Iraq also have the potential to export more，if circumstances allow/permit(如果情况允许)．‎ ‎ come about发生；造成 ‎(1)She has a mental toughness that did not come about by chance.‎ 她心理稳定，这不是偶然发生的。(2016·江苏)‎ ‎(2)How did it come about that he knew where we were?‎ 他是怎么知道我们在什么地方的呢？‎ It comes/came about that...……发生。‎ How does/did it come about that...？……是怎样发生的？‎ When it comes to...当谈到……‎ come about相当于happen或occur，均无被动形式；且常用it作形式主语。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)—What on earth are the police busy with?‎ ‎—They have been looking into how the plane crash came about.‎ ‎(2)How does it come about that you were caught by the police?‎ 写作能力提升——[翻译句子]‎ ‎(3)这么重要的会议你怎么没参加？‎ How did it come about that you missed the important meeting?‎ ‎(4)结果他被开除了。‎ It came about that he was fired.‎ ‎(5)一谈到交朋友，你再怎么小心也不为过。‎ When it comes to making friends，you cannot be too careful.‎ ‎ subscribe to同意；赞成；捐助；订阅(杂志或报纸 ‎[写出下列句子中subscribe to的汉语意思]‎ ‎(1)I subscribed to the magazine for only 32 a year.订阅 ‎(2)How much did you subscribe to the disaster fund？捐助 ‎(3)Do you subscribe to her pessimistic view of the state of the economy？同意 ‎ on behalf of(＝on one’s behalf)代表……一方；作为……的代言人 ‎[选词填空]‎ on behalf of，stand for，represent ‎(1)What does WHO stand for?‎ ‎(2)I apologize to you on behalf of my family.‎ ‎(3)He represented our school to take part in the competition and all of us were proud of him.‎ ‎(1)on behalf of是介词短语。‎ ‎(2)stand for往往用来表示“(字母、数字、符号等)代表什么”。‎ ‎(3)represent用来表示“代表某人/某个团体(政府等)”“某种标志代表什么”“某物表现的是什么”和“把某人(物)描绘成什么”。‎ ‎ put up with忍受，容忍 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Far water doesn’t put out near fire.‎ ‎(2)Encourage children to put aside/away some of their pocket money to buy Christmas presents.‎ ‎(3)The association has put the event off until October.‎ ‎(4)Her bed was neatly made，her clothes put away.‎ ‎(5)Class Three has put forward a reasonable proposal.‎ ‎(6)We can’t put up with such terrible noises.‎ put up with忍受，容忍，相当于tolerate，stand，bear等。‎ ‎ It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if not，turn it off！‎ 只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着。如果不用就把它关掉！‎ 句型：so/as long as引导条件状语从句 ‎(1)You can go out to play so long as you stay in the back yard.只要不出后院，你可以出去玩。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)The desk is as long as five meters.‎ 这张桌子长达5米。‎ so/as long as只要，引导条件状语从句。‎ as long as还可译为“长达，和……一样长，和……一样长久”。‎ 基础知识训练——[写出下列句子中as long as的汉语意思]‎ ‎(1)As long as she did this，all would be well.只要 ‎(2)This ruler is as long as that one.和……一样长 写作能力提升——[完成句子]‎ ‎(3)—What are you going to do this afternoon?‎ ‎—I’ll probably go for a walk later on so/as long as it stays fine(只要天一直好的话)．‎ ‎(4)They believe I can succeed next time as long as I work harder(只要我更加努力学习). ‎ Ⅰ.教材与语法填空 There is no doubt 1.that the earth is becoming warmer but there is a fierce debate over whether it is human activity that has caused this global warming 2.or it is just a natural phenomenon.‎ Many scientists like Dr.Janice Foster believe that people have caused 3.the increase in the earth’s temperature by burning fossil fuels like coal，natural gas and oil to produce energy whose byproducts 4.are called(call) “greenhouse” gases，the most important one 5.being(be) carbon dioxide.These gases trap heat from the sun and therefore warm the earth，without 6.which the earth would be about thirtythree degrees Celsius cooler 7.than it is.But 8.increased(increase) amount of extra carbon dioxide means that more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.‎ ‎ 　　9.On the other hand，scientists like George Hambley believe that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences and more carbon dioxide is 10.actually(actual) a positive thing.‎ Ⅱ.教材与短文改错 I am doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming.Sometimes I felt that individuals can not have any effect at such huge environmental problems.Anyway，I’m not sure where to start it with my project.So I would love to get any suggestion.It is suggested that we took many measures.For example，we can buy things making from recycled materials.Planting trees is also good way.Important，we can ask your family and friends to work together with us.We can get our parents to buy products that are made to save energy.Remembering—our contribution counts.‎ 答案 I am doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming.Sometimes I that individuals can not have any effect such huge environmental problems.Anyway，I’m not sure where to start it with my project.So I would love to get any .It is suggested that we many measures.For example，we can buy things from recycled materials.Planting ‎ trees is also good way.，we can ask family and friends to work together with us.We can get our parents to buy products that are made to save energy.—our contribution counts.‎ Ⅲ.教材与微写作 写作素材(关于环保)‎ ‎1．不同的科学家对全球变暖有不同的看法。‎ ‎2．有些科学家同意全球变暖是个灾难。‎ ‎3．全球气温不断增长可能会导致洪水、干旱和饥荒。‎ ‎4．其他科学家反对这种观点，认为这种变暖会很温和。‎ ‎5．它不会在环境方面导致严重的后果。‎ 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用that引导的同位语从句，现在分词短语作状语。‎ 连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)‎ Different scientists have different opinions on global warming.Some scientists subscribe to the view that global warming will be a catastrophe.The global temperature goes up steadily，which results in floods，drought and famines.Others are opposed to this，saying the warming will be mild with no severe environmental consequences.‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Without gravity to help circulate air，the carbon dioxide you exhale(呼气) has a tendency to form an invisible(隐形的) cloud around your head.(2015·湖北)‎ ‎2．Instead，it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth(grow) and forgiveness.(2015·全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎3．On average，each of the two million big stones weighed about as much as a large pickup truck.(2015·四川)‎ ‎4．Literature，classic literature，is a beautiful，richly furnished room where you might find many an hour of rest and refreshment(refresh)．(2014·福建)‎ ‎5．They have recorded all lost objects ranging(range) from potatoes to golf gloves.(2014·广东)‎ ‎6．There is no doubt that you can get along well with them.(2014·天津)‎ ‎7．The interest is less in the phenomena(phenomenon) themselves，but in uncertainty.‎ ‎8．The development of industry has been a gradual process throughout human existence(exist)，from stone tools to modern technology.‎ ‎9．I have been consistently opposed to feeding(feed) a baby regularly.‎ ‎10．—Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree?‎ ‎—Of course，I have.It was in our village that it was made.‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 A ‎(2017·贵州铜仁一中月考)‎ Scientists around the world have been studying the warming of waters in the Pacific Ocean known as El Niño.The appearance of El Niño is known to affect the weather around the world.Scientists still do not completely understand it.Yet they now find they can use it to tell about the future in different areas of the world.‎ One example is the work of two scientists at Columbia University in New York，Mark Cane and Gordon Eshel.A scientist of Zimbabwe(津巴布韦)，Roger Buckland worked with them.They have found that when El Niño appears，Zimbabwe has little or no rain.This means corn crops in Zimbabwe are poor.The last El Niño was in 1991 to 1993.That was when southeastern Africa suffered a serious lack of rain.‎ The scientists wrote about their recent work in the publication Nature.Their computer program can tell when an El Niño will develop up to a year before it does.They suggest that this could provide an effective early warning system for southern Africa，and could prevent many people from starving.‎ 语篇解读　文章介绍了对厄尔尼诺现象的研究以及采取相应的措施来应对。科学家一直在研究厄尔尼诺现象。太平洋的部分水域变暖导致气候的变化。虽然不能完全理解，但是可以运用这方面的知识在该现象出现之前的一年预测该现象的出现，把这一现象引起的灾难减少到最小。‎ ‎11．El Niño is known as________.‎ A．the changing of the weather in southern Africa B．the weather which brings drought(旱灾)to Africa C．the warming of waters in the Pacific Ocean D．the weather phenomenon that brings heavy rains to Africa 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第一句话可知，厄尔尼诺现象是太平洋的水域变暖。所以选C。‎ ‎12．Scientists study El Niño in order that________.‎ A．they can put all this information into their computers.‎ B．they can tell why Zimbabwe has little or no rain C．they can do some research work in this field.‎ D．they can provide a kind of early warning to the place that will suffer from drought 答案　D 解析 ‎　细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话可知，研究的目的是提供有效的预警，避免饥荒的发生。故选D。‎ ‎13．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．Scientists come to understand how El Niño appears.‎ B．Three scientists from the USA work on this subject.‎ C．El Niño has something to do with Zimbabwe’s poor crops.‎ D．Southern Africa suffered a serious drought and many people died from hunger.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第三、四句“They have found that when El Niño appears，Zimbabwe has little or no rain.This means corn crops in Zimbabwe are poor.”可知，厄尔尼诺和津巴布韦的农业歉收有关系。‎ B ‎(2017·重庆南开中学月考)‎ ‎“Mommy! Call I go and play outside with Danny? Please? I promise I will only play in the shade！” Kelly said.‎ What hurt her mother was only being able to stand aside when her daughter needed her most.“Kelly...I’m really sorry.You can’t go.I’m too concerned about you.You might accidentally go in the sun，which means we have to get you to hospital again.” Kelly was allergic to the sun.The doctor said it was incurable.‎ Kelly looked outside where her brother Danny was playing.Why did she have to be allergic to the sun? Why?‎ Kelly’s mother closed her eyes and she pointed upstairs where Kelly’s bed was.“Go to bed.” she said.Kelly had tears in her eyes.She forced her legs up the stairs and buried her face in her pillow.She wanted Danny to come back，for he could tell her stories about birds and squirrels.She waited，and soon he did come and told her about a blue bird he had seen.Kelly often ‎ wondered what a bird looked like.She was really curious about the birds in the yard.Maybe she could find out herself someday.‎ The next day，Danny entered Kelly’s room again to tell her what he had seen.She wasn’t there.He called again and again but no one replied.He searched anxiously around and saw a body.His eyes widened.It couldn’t be.Was it what he thought it was? Was it...Kelly? With shaking hands，Danny turned over the body.He screamed.It was Kelly.Her skin was swollen and had ugly rashes(皮疹)all over.She was holding a pencil in her right hand.And in her left hand was an almost finished picture of a bird，below which he found some words which read：“I finally get to see you.I will always remember you and love your nature no matter what.”‎ 语篇解读　文章讲述了凯莉因为身体原因不能见阳光，哥哥给她讲述外面的世界很好玩，最终凯莉出去画了只小鸟。‎ ‎14．Why did Kelly want to go outside?‎ A．To take pictures.‎ B．To tell stories.‎ C．To look at animals.‎ D．To walk in sunshine.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“She wanted Danny to come back，for he could tell her stories about birds and squirrels.She waited，and soon he did come and told her about a blue bird he had seen.Kelly often wondered what a bird looked like.She was really curious about the birds in the yard.Maybe she could find out herself someday.”可知，她想出去看看动物。故选C。‎ ‎15．Where did Danny possibly find Kelly the next day?‎ A．In the yard.‎ B．In the kitchen.‎ C．In the basement.‎ D．In the living room.‎ 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Her skin was swollen and had ugly rashes(皮疹) all over.”可知凯莉去了阳光下，故选A。‎ ‎16．Kelly can be best described as________.‎ A．innocent and helpful B．delicate and cautious C．curious and determined D．sensitive and thoughtful 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据文章的描述，凯莉虽然不能去阳光下，但是因为心里对动物的向往，而出去画了一只小鸟。可知凯莉是好奇的，同时又是坚毅的。故选C。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2017·湖北孝感高级中学调研)‎ Swedish businessman Nile Bergqvist is delighted with his new hotel，the world’s first igloo(冰屋) hotel.‎ ‎17．________(build) in a small town，it has been attracting lots of visitors but soon the fun will be over.In two weeks’ time，Bergqvist’s ice creation 18.________(be) nothing more than a pool of water.“We don’t see it as a big problem，” he says.“We just look forward to 19.________(replace) it.”‎ Bergqvist built his first igloo in 1991 for an art exhibition.It was 20.________ successful that he designed the present one，21.________ measures roughly 200 square meters.Six workmen spent ‎ more than eight weeks 22.________(pile)1,000 tons of snow onto a wooden base；when the snow froze，the base 23.________(remove)．‎ After their stay，all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their success.24.________ no windows，nowhere to hang clothes and temperatures below 0°C，it may seem more like a survival test 25.________ a relaxing hotel break.“It’s great fun，” Bergqvist explains，“as well as a good start in survival training.”‎ The 26.________(popular)of the igloo is beyond doubt：it is now attracting tourists from all over the world.At least 800 people have stayed at the igloo this season even though there are only 10 rooms.‎ ‎17．答案　Built 解析　考查过去分词作状语。句意为：建立在一个小城镇，冰屋旅馆吸引了很多的游客，但这种乐趣不久就要结束了。这里从句主语和主句主语一致，it与动词build之间是被动关系，故用过去分词built。‎ ‎18．答案　will be 解析　考查时态。由时间状语“In two weeks’time”可知这里用一般将来时，故用will be。‎ ‎19．答案　replacing 解析　look forward to期待；to是介词，故这里用replacing。‎ ‎20．答案　so 解析　so...that...如此……以至于……。句意为：它如此成功以至于Bergqvist设计了现在的这个。故这里用so。‎ ‎21．答案　which 解析　这里是非限制性定语从句，用which指代先行词the present one(现在的冰屋)。‎ ‎22．答案　piling 解析　考查句型spend time (in) doing ‎ sth.花时间做某事。句意为：六个工人花了八个多星期堆1 000吨雪在木制的底座上面。故这里用piling。‎ ‎23．答案　was removed 解析　句意为：当雪结冰时，底座被移开。根据句意可知这里应该用被动语态，故填was removed。‎ ‎24．答案　With 解析　句意为：没有窗户，也没有地方挂衣服。‎ ‎25．答案　than 解析　考查固定结构more than。句意为：这似乎更像是生存测试而不是在令人放松的旅馆休息。‎ ‎26．答案　popularity 解析　句意为：冰屋的流行毫无疑问：它吸引着全世界的旅游者。这里应该用popular的名词形式，故填popularity。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 Exercise can have a surprised number of benefits.It is important way to keep fit.Not only can it help you achieve beneficial weight loss，and every time you exercise，it helps to reduce the risk of disease more efficiently.By exercising regular，you look better and feel more confident，which have a positive effect on both physical and mental wellbeing.While you exercise，especially in some challenging sports，you often work as a member of a team.In this way，it also teaches us how to work with others.‎ A healthy，fit brain means you can answer questions more quickly，think more clearly and developed a better memory.Have a healthy brain is useful for no matter what point you are at in your life.For these reasons，we students should take exercises.‎ 答案　‎ Exercise can have a number of benefits.It is important way to keep fit.Not ‎ only can it help you achieve beneficial weight loss， every time you exercise，it helps to reduce the risk of disease more efficiently.By exercising ，you look better and feel more confident，which a positive effect on both physical and mental wellbeing.While you exercise，especially in some challenging sports，you often work as a member of a team.In this way，it also teaches how to work with others.‎ A healthy，fit brain means you can answer questions more quickly，think more clearly and a better memory. a healthy brain is useful for no matter what point you are at in your life.For these reasons，we students should take .‎ ‎27．答案　surprised→surprising 解析　考查形容词。句意为：运动有着令人惊讶的益处，修饰物故surprised改为surprising。‎ ‎28．答案　important前加an 解析　考查冠词。an important way一个重要的方式，故important前加an。‎ ‎29．答案　and→but 解析　考查固定短语。此处为固定短语not only...but (also)．..，故and改为but。‎ ‎30．答案　regular→regularly 解析　考查副词。此处应用副词修饰现在分词exercising，故regular改为regularly。‎ ‎31．答案　have→has 解析　考查主谓一致。which引导的非限制性定语从句，当先行词为一个句子的时候，谓语动词用单数。故have改为has。‎ ‎32．答案　us→you 解析　考查代词。上文主要使用的是第二人称，故us改为you。‎ ‎33．答案　developed→develop 解析　考查一般现在时。本文主要使用了一般现在时，故developed改为develop。‎ ‎34．答案　Have→Having 解析　考查动名词。此处为动名词作主语。故Have改为Having。‎ ‎35．答案　删除for 解析　句意为：有一个健康的大脑很有用，此处for多余。故删除for。‎ ‎36．答案　exercises→exercise 解析　考查名词单复数。exercise指锻炼时，为不可数名词。故exercises改为exercise。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Without gravity to help circulate air，the carbon dioxide you exhale(呼气) has a tendency to form an invisible(隐形的) cloud around your head.(2015·湖北)‎ ‎2．Instead，it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth(grow) and forgiveness.(2015·全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎3．On average，each of the two million big stones weighed about as much as a large pickup truck.(2015·四川)‎ ‎4．Literature，classic literature，is a beautiful，richly furnished room where you might find many an hour of rest and refreshment(refresh)．(2014·福建)‎ ‎5．They have recorded all lost objects ranging(range) from potatoes to golf gloves.(2014·广东)‎ ‎6．There is no doubt that you can get along well with them.(2014·天津)‎ ‎7．The interest is less in the phenomena(phenomenon) themselves，but in uncertainty.‎ ‎8．The development of industry has been a gradual process throughout human existence ‎(exist)，from stone tools to modern technology.‎ ‎9．I have been consistently opposed to feeding(feed) a baby regularly.‎ ‎10．—Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree?‎ ‎—Of course，I have.It was in our village that it was made.‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 A ‎(2017·贵州铜仁一中月考)‎ Scientists around the world have been studying the warming of waters in the Pacific Ocean known as El Niño.The appearance of El Niño is known to affect the weather around the world.Scientists still do not completely understand it.Yet they now find they can use it to tell about the future in different areas of the world.‎ One example is the work of two scientists at Columbia University in New York，Mark Cane and Gordon Eshel.A scientist of Zimbabwe(津巴布韦)，Roger Buckland worked with them.They have found that when El Niño appears，Zimbabwe has little or no rain.This means corn crops in Zimbabwe are poor.The last El Niño was in 1991 to 1993.That was when southeastern Africa suffered a serious lack of rain.‎ The scientists wrote about their recent work in the publication Nature.Their computer program can tell when an El Niño will develop up to a year before it does.They suggest that this could provide an effective early warning system for southern Africa，and could prevent many people from starving.‎ 语篇解读　文章介绍了对厄尔尼诺现象的研究以及采取相应的措施来应对。科学家一直在研究厄尔尼诺现象。太平洋的部分水域变暖导致气候的变化。虽然不能完全理解，但是可以运用这方面的知识在该现象出现之前的一年预测该现象的出现，把这一现象引起的灾难减少到最小。‎ ‎11．El Niño is known as________.‎ A．the changing of the weather in southern Africa B．the weather which brings drought(旱灾)to Africa C．the warming of waters in the Pacific Ocean D．the weather phenomenon that brings heavy rains to Africa 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第一句话可知，厄尔尼诺现象是太平洋的水域变暖。所以选C。‎ ‎12．Scientists study El Niño in order that________.‎ A．they can put all this information into their computers.‎ B．they can tell why Zimbabwe has little or no rain C．they can do some research work in this field.‎ D．they can provide a kind of early warning to the place that will suffer from drought 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话可知，研究的目的是提供有效的预警，避免饥荒的发生。故选D。‎ ‎13．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．Scientists come to understand how El Niño appears.‎ B．Three scientists from the USA work on this subject.‎ C．El Niño has something to do with Zimbabwe’s poor crops.‎ D．Southern Africa suffered a serious drought and many people died from hunger.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第三、四句“They have found that when El Niño appears，Zimbabwe has little or no rain.This means corn crops in Zimbabwe are poor.”可知，厄尔尼诺和津巴布韦的农业歉收有关系。‎ B ‎(2017·重庆南开中学月考)‎ ‎“Mommy! Call I go and play outside with Danny? Please? I promise I will only play in the shade！” Kelly said.‎ What hurt her mother was only being able to stand aside when her daughter needed her most.“Kelly...I’m really sorry.You can’t go.I’m too concerned about you.You might accidentally go in the sun，which means we have to get you to hospital again.” Kelly was allergic to the sun.The doctor said it was incurable.‎ Kelly looked outside where her brother Danny was playing.Why did she have to be allergic to the sun? Why?‎ Kelly’s mother closed her eyes and she pointed upstairs where Kelly’s bed was.“Go to bed.” she said.Kelly had tears in her eyes.She forced her legs up the stairs and buried her face in her pillow.She wanted Danny to come back，for he could tell her stories about birds and squirrels.She waited，and soon he did come and told her about a blue bird he had seen.Kelly often wondered what a bird looked like.She was really curious about the birds in the yard.Maybe she could find out herself someday.‎ The next day，Danny entered Kelly’s room again to tell her what he had seen.She wasn’t there.He called again and again but no one replied.He searched anxiously around and saw a body.His eyes widened.It couldn’t be.Was it what he thought it was? Was it...Kelly? With shaking hands，Danny turned over the body.He screamed.It was Kelly.Her skin was swollen and had ugly rashes(皮疹)all over.She was holding a pencil in her right hand.And in her left hand was an almost finished picture of a bird，below which he found some words which read：“I finally get to see you.I will always remember you and love your nature no matter what.”‎ 语篇解读　文章讲述了凯莉因为身体原因不能见阳光，哥哥给她讲述外面的世界很好玩，最终凯莉出去画了只小鸟。‎ ‎14．Why did Kelly want to go outside?‎ A．To take pictures.‎ B．To tell stories.‎ C．To look at animals.‎ D．To walk in sunshine.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“She wanted Danny to come back，for he could tell her stories about birds and squirrels.She waited，and soon he did come and told her about a blue bird he had seen.Kelly often wondered what a bird looked like.She was really curious about the birds in the yard.Maybe she could find out herself someday.”可知，她想出去看看动物。故选C。‎ ‎15．Where did Danny possibly find Kelly the next day?‎ A．In the yard.‎ B．In the kitchen.‎ C．In the basement.‎ D．In the living room.‎ 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Her skin was swollen and had ugly rashes(皮疹) all over.”可知凯莉去了阳光下，故选A。‎ ‎16．Kelly can be best described as________.‎ A．innocent and helpful B．delicate and cautious C．curious and determined D．sensitive and thoughtful 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据文章的描述，凯莉虽然不能去阳光下，但是因为心里对动物的向往，而出去画了一只小鸟。可知凯莉是好奇的，同时又是坚毅的。故选C。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2017·湖北孝感高级中学调研)‎ Swedish businessman Nile Bergqvist is delighted with his new hotel，the world’s first igloo(冰屋) hotel.‎ ‎17．________(build) in a small town，it has been attracting lots of visitors but soon the fun will be over.In two weeks’ time，Bergqvist’s ice creation 18.________(be) nothing more than a pool of water.“We don’t see it as a big problem，” he says.“We just look forward to 19.________(replace) it.”‎ Bergqvist built his first igloo in 1991 for an art exhibition.It was 20.________ successful that he designed the present one，21.________ measures roughly 200 square meters.Six workmen spent more than eight weeks 22.________(pile)1,000 tons of snow onto a wooden base；when the snow froze，the base 23.________(remove)．‎ After their stay，all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their success.24.________ no windows，nowhere to hang clothes and temperatures below 0°C，it may seem more like a survival test 25.________ a relaxing hotel break.“It’s great fun，” Bergqvist explains，“as well as a good start in survival training.”‎ The 26.________(popular)of the igloo is beyond doubt：it is now attracting tourists from all over the world.At least 800 people have stayed at the igloo this season even though there are only 10 rooms.‎ ‎17．答案　Built 解析　考查过去分词作状语。句意为：建立在一个小城镇，冰屋旅馆吸引了很多的游客，但这种乐趣不久就要结束了。这里从句主语和主句主语一致，it与动词build之间是被动关系，故用过去分词built。‎ ‎18．答案　will be 解析　考查时态。由时间状语“In two weeks’time”可知这里用一般将来时，故用will be。‎ ‎19．答案　replacing 解析　look forward to期待；to是介词，故这里用replacing。‎ ‎20．答案　so 解析　so...that...如此……以至于……。句意为：它如此成功以至于Bergqvist设计了现在的这个。故这里用so。‎ ‎21．答案　which 解析　这里是非限制性定语从句，用which指代先行词the present one(现在的冰屋)。‎ ‎22．答案　piling 解析　考查句型spend time (in) doing sth.花时间做某事。句意为：六个工人花了八个多星期堆1 000吨雪在木制的底座上面。故这里用piling。‎ ‎23．答案　was removed 解析　句意为：当雪结冰时，底座被移开。根据句意可知这里应该用被动语态，故填was removed。‎ ‎24．答案　With 解析　句意为：没有窗户，也没有地方挂衣服。‎ ‎25．答案　than 解析　考查固定结构more than。句意为：这似乎更像是生存测试而不是在令人放松的旅馆休息。‎ ‎26．答案　popularity 解析　句意为：冰屋的流行毫无疑问：它吸引着全世界的旅游者。这里应该用popular的名词形式，故填popularity。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 Exercise can have a surprised number of benefits.It is important way to keep fit.Not only can it help you achieve beneficial weight loss，and every time you exercise，it helps to reduce the risk of disease more efficiently.By exercising regular，you look better and feel more confident，which have a positive effect on both physical and mental wellbeing.While you exercise，especially in some challenging sports，you often work as a member of a team.In this way，it also teaches us how to work with others.‎ A healthy，fit brain means you can answer questions more quickly，think more clearly and developed a better memory.Have a healthy brain is useful for no matter what point you are at in your life.For these reasons，we students should take exercises.‎ 答案　‎ Exercise can have a number of benefits.It is important way to keep fit.Not only can it help you achieve beneficial weight loss， every time you exercise，it helps to reduce the risk of disease more efficiently.By exercising ，you look better and feel more confident，which a positive effect on both physical and mental wellbeing.While you exercise，especially in some challenging sports，you often work as a member of a team.In this way，it also teaches how to work with others.‎ A healthy，fit brain means you can answer questions more quickly，think more clearly and a better memory. a healthy brain is useful for no matter what point you are at ‎ in your life.For these reasons，we students should take .‎ ‎27．答案　surprised→surprising 解析　考查形容词。句意为：运动有着令人惊讶的益处，修饰物故surprised改为surprising。‎ ‎28．答案　important前加an 解析　考查冠词。an important way一个重要的方式，故important前加an。‎ ‎29．答案　and→but 解析　考查固定短语。此处为固定短语not only...but (also)．..，故and改为but。‎ ‎30．答案　regular→regularly 解析　考查副词。此处应用副词修饰现在分词exercising，故regular改为regularly。‎ ‎31．答案　have→has 解析　考查主谓一致。which引导的非限制性定语从句，当先行词为一个句子的时候，谓语动词用单数。故have改为has。‎ ‎32．答案　us→you 解析　考查代词。上文主要使用的是第二人称，故us改为you。‎ ‎33．答案　developed→develop 解析　考查一般现在时。本文主要使用了一般现在时，故developed改为develop。‎ ‎34．答案　Have→Having 解析　考查动名词。此处为动名词作主语。故Have改为Having。‎ ‎35．答案　删除for 解析　句意为：有一个健康的大脑很有用，此处for多余。故删除for。‎ ‎36．答案　exercises→exercise 解析　考查名词单复数。exercise指锻炼时，为不可数名词。故exercises改为exercise。‎