2020届一轮复习人教版必修一unit2Englisharoundtheworld单元知识点学案

2020届一轮复习人教版必修一unit2Englisharoundtheworld单元知识点学案

基础知识默写(学生用书227～228页)‎ ‎1．official adj.官方的；正式的；公务的 ‎ ‎2．voyage n．航行；航海 ‎3．native adj.本国的；本地的n．本国人；本地人 ‎4．actually adv.事实上；实际上 ‎5．base vt.以……为根据n．基部；基础；基地 basic adj.基础的 basis n．基础；基部；基准 ‎6．gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的 ‎7．vocabulary n．词汇；词汇量；词表 ‎8．latter adj.较后的；(两者中)后者的；后半的n．后者 former adj.以前的n．前者 ‎9．command n．&vt.命令；指令；掌握 commanding adj.威严的；指挥的 ‎10．request n．&vt.请求；要求 ‎11．expression n．词语；表示；表达；表情 express vt.表示；表达n．快车；速递 ‎12．recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认 recognition n．识别；承认；赞誉 ‎13．accent n．口音；腔调；重音 ‎14．lightning n．闪电 ‎15．straight adv.直接；挺直adj.直的；笔直的；正直的 ‎16．elevator n．电梯；升降机 ‎17．petrol n．<英>汽油 ‎18．apartment n．<美>公寓住宅；单元住宅 ‎19．spelling n．拼写；拼法 ‎20．enrich vt.使富裕；充实；改善 ‎21．frequent adj.频繁的；常见的 ‎22．lorry n．<英>卡车 ‎23．block n．街区；块；木块；石块 ‎24．identity n．本身；本体；身份 identify v．确认；识别 ‎25．fluent adj.流利的；流畅的 fluency n．流利；流畅 ‎26．more than超过；非常；不只是；不仅是 ‎27．because of由于；因为 ‎28．come up走近；上来；被提出 ‎29．base...on/upon以……为基础/根据 ‎30．at present目前；现在 ‎31．make use of利用；使用 ‎32．such as例如……；像这种的 ‎33．leave for动身去 ‎34．believe it or not信不信由你 ‎35．play a part (in)扮演一个角色；参与 ‎36．Today，more people speak English as their first，second or a foreign language than ever before.‎ 如今说英语的人比以往更多了，他们有的是作为第一语言来说，有的是作为第二语言或外语。‎ ‎37．Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.‎ 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。‎ ‎38．It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。‎ ‎39．Believe it or not，there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。‎ ‎40．This is because in the early days of radio，those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. 这是因为在早期的收音机时代，对新闻播音员的要求是讲一口极好的英语。‎ 基础知识夯实 Ⅰ.语境填词 ‎1．I made friends with the natives(当地人)，and their reaction amazed me.(2016·浙江)‎ ‎2．One afternoon，I grew bored and actually(实际上) fell asleep for a few minutes.‎ ‎3．Last week some city officials(官员) suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theater into a museum and public meeting place.(2017·全国Ⅲ)‎ ‎4．The ship will start its maiden voyage(航行) next Monday.‎ ‎5．If you learn just one more new word each day，in the next year you will increase your vocabulary(词汇) by more than 300 words.‎ ‎6．The police asked him to show his identity(身份) card.‎ ‎7．As you know，bamboo always stands straight(挺直)，so it represents “noble” and “strongwilled”．‎ ‎8．I felt extremely excited on hearing that you had won the first prize in the Chinese character spelling (spell) contest held by CCTV1.‎ ‎9．Right now you’re in a more commanding (command) position than you have been for ages.‎ ‎10．If you read frequently (frequent)，you’ll likely have an easier time with remembering what you’re reading.‎ ‎11．Although there is still a long way to go，we believe that the doctorpatient relationship in China is gradually (gradual) improving.(2018·北京西城区模拟)‎ ‎12．For one thing，I have developed fluency(fluent) in spoken English.(2018·浙江)‎ ‎13．It is generally thought that traveling abroad can enrich (rich) one’s knowledge.‎ ‎14．“I don’t understand，”he said，with an expression (express) of complete surprise on his face.‎ ‎15．When he returned to his hometown after the war，he found it had changed beyond all recognition (recognize)．‎ Ⅱ.选词成篇 ‎1．At present，developing the ability of the students is an important task in our daily teaching activity. When we deal with the unit of a play，we always ask the students to 2.play a part in it. We instruct them to 3.make use of everything around them, 4.such as a stick，a curtain，and so on.‎ ‎5．Believe it or not, 6.because of my hard work and diligence，I am admitted into Beijing University this year. I am 7.more than happy hearing the exciting news. In three days，I will 8.leave for Beijing to start my college life on my own, 9.even if I have never lived alone. In the next four years many new problems will 10.come up unexpectedly but I think I can deal with them.‎ Ⅲ.完成句子 ‎1．I felt that it would be a victory for us even if we lost the game. (even if)(2018·天津)‎ 我觉得即使我们输掉了比赛，这对我们来说也是一场胜利。‎ ‎2．Everything comes with a price；there is no such thing as a free lunch in the world. (no such thing as...)‎ 任何事情都是要付出代价的，在这个世界上并没有免费的午餐。‎ ‎3．I made such great progress in English that my teacher praised me saying that I was more diligent than clever.(more...than)‎ 我的英语取得了很大进步，老师表扬了我，说与其说我聪明倒不如说我勤奋。‎ ‎4．He was sent to hospital. That was because he was ill.(That was because...)‎ 他被送到了医院，那是因为他生病了。‎ ‎1．en前后缀构成的动词 ‎(1)enrich v．使富裕；充实 ‎(2)enlarge v．扩大；使增大 ‎(3)encourage v．鼓励 ‎(4)sharpen v．削尖；使锐利 ‎(5)strengthen v．加强；使变强 ‎2．“旅行”家族 ‎(1)voyage航行；航海 ‎(2)tour (观光)旅行 ‎(3)travel旅行 ‎(4)trip (短途)旅行；外出 ‎(5)journey (长途) 旅行 ‎(6)outing远足 ‎3．“因为，由于”短语速递 ‎(1)because of因为；由于 ‎(2)due to由于 ‎(3)owing to由于 ‎(4)thanks to多亏；由于 ‎(5)as a result of因为 ‎(6)on account of因为 ‎4．“动词＋for”意为“动身去”的短语 ‎(1)leave for动身去 ‎(2)head for走向；朝……进发 ‎(3)make for前往；走向 ‎(4)start for动身去 ‎(5)set out/off for动身去 base vt.以……为据点(或总部等)；以……为根据 n．基部；基地；基础 ‎(1)base...on/upon...把……建立在……；以……为根据 be based on/upon以……为根据(基础)‎ ‎(2)basis n．原因，缘由；基准，准则；方式；基础 on the basis of在……的基础上 ‎(3)basic adj.基本的；基础的 ‎(1)Basing (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later.‎ ‎(2)Based(base) on the ratings，I bought my beloved backpack，saw interesting films and tasted delicious foods.(2018·江苏)‎ ‎(3)Don’t evaluate a person on the basis of appearance.(根据相貌；basis)‎ ‎[句式升级]‎ ‎(4)The restaurant is based on trust，and it is working all right.(用形容词短语作状语改写)‎ Based on trust，the restaurant is working all right.‎ separate v．把……分开；分隔 adj.分开的；单独的；独立的 ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎(1)separate A from B　把A和B分开 divide...into...把……分成……‎ ‎(2)separation n．分开；分离；分居 ‎(1)Last winter when I went there again，they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chickens.‎ ‎(2018·全国Ⅰ)‎ 去年冬天，当我再次去那里的时候，他们有一个很大的独立房屋来饲养许多鸡。‎ ‎(2)I separated the good apples from the bad ones and she divided the best into halves.‎ 我把好苹果和坏苹果分开，然后她把最好的分成了两半。‎ ‎[熟词生义]　选择句子中separate的汉语意思 ‎(3)Millie’s parents separated when she was five years old. C A．分类 B．区分 C．(夫妻或伴侣)分居 command v．命令；博得；拥有；指挥 n．命令；掌握；运用能力 ‎(1)command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事 command that...(should) do...命令……‎ ‎(2)at one’s command听某人支配 take command of指挥；控制 have a good command of掌握……；精通……‎ in command of掌管；掌握 ‎(3)commanding adj.指挥的；威严的 ‎(1)I am here at the president’s command.‎ ‎(2)The voice at the other end of the line was serious and commanding (command)．‎ ‎(3)Although he has a good command of English(精通英语)，he sometimes feels it hard to find an appropriate version for some Chinese idioms.‎ ‎[同义句改写]‎ ‎(4)He commanded that we (should) set (set) off at once.‎ ‎→He commanded us to set off at once.‎ ‎[熟词生义]　选择句子中command的汉语意思 A．俯瞰B．博得；得到C．命令 ‎(5)He commands the respect of everyone who works for him. B ‎(6)The hotel commands a fine view of the valley. A ‎(1)request sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事 It is requested that...(should) do...要求……‎ ‎(2)at one’s request(＝at the request of sb.)应某人的要求 ‎(3)by request应邀 ‎(1)The request is that manuscripts(手稿) (should) be written (write) on one side only.‎ ‎(2)He was transferred to another department at her request/at the request of her(应她的要求)．‎ ‎(3)[同义句改写]　All members are requested to be present at the party.‎ ‎→It is requested that all members (should) be present at the party.‎ 易错点拨 ‎(1)动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词为“(should＋)动词原形”。‎ ‎(2)request后不能直接跟不定式，即不能说request to do...。‎ recognize v．认识；辨认出；意识到；承认，认可；赏识，表彰；向……打招呼 ‎(1)recognize...as/to be...把……看作……‎ It is recognized that...人们公认……‎ ‎(2) recognition n．认出；认识 beyond recognition认不出来 ‎(1)For example，she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing (recognize) the efforts of young people to change the world.‎ ‎(2)I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed beyond recognition (recognize)．‎ ‎(3)[一句多译]　我们都认为屠呦呦是位伟大的科学家。‎ ‎①We all recognize Tu Youyou as/to be a great scientist.‎ ‎②It is recognized that TuYouyou is a great scientist.‎ come up with提出；想出 come across(偶然)遇见；发现；穿过 come about发生 come out出来；出版，发行 ‎[写出下列句子中come up的汉语意思]‎ ‎(1)The snow drops (雪花莲) are just beginning to come up.长出地面；发芽 ‎(2)We watched the sun come up.(太阳)升起 ‎(3)I’m afraid something urgent has come up；I won’t be able to see you tonight.发生；出现 ‎(4)The problem of getting new uniforms came up at the meeting.被提出；被讨论 ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(5)I came across this old photograph when looking for a book yesterday.‎ 我昨天找书的时候，偶然发现了这张早年的照片。‎ ‎(6)我们班提出了更好地利用旧材料的想法。(2016·北京)‎ Our class came up with the idea to make better use of used materials.‎ 易错点拨 come up被提出，不及物，主语常是计划、建议、问题等；come up with提出，及物，主语是人或团体组织。‎ ‎(1)make full/good use of充分/好好利用 make the best/most of充分利用 ‎(2)come into use开始使用 bring/put...to use加以使用……‎ be of use有用 It/There is no use doing...做……没用。‎ ‎(1)Your time should be made full use of to exercise(exercise)．你应该充分利用时间锻炼身体。‎ ‎(2)I think this is the best use that we can make of the money.我认为这是我们对这笔钱能做的最好的利用。‎ ‎(3)This old machine is useless(use)；we’ll try to get rid of it./This old machine is of no use；we’ll try to get rid of it.‎ 这部旧机器没用了，我们将想法把它处理掉。‎ ‎(4)My mother always told us it is no use crying (cry) over spilt milk.‎ 母亲总是告诉我们为打翻的牛奶哭泣是没有用的。‎ 易错点拨　在对make use of考查时，常把名词use提前使用被动语态；把名词提前用作先行词，其后接定语从句。‎ play a role in在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色 take part in参加 ‎(1)There are many reasons for animals dying out，but the most important one is the part that/which humans have played.动物绝种的原因很多，但是最重要的原因是人类所起的作用。‎ ‎(2)Some of us were confident and eager to take part in the class activity；others were nervous and anxious.(2018·全国Ⅲ)‎ 我们中的一些人充满信心，渴望参加这个课堂活动；另一些人则感到紧张焦虑。‎ Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。‎ even if/though即使，尽管，引导让步状语从句，在从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。在主从句主语相同或从句主语为it，且从句谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时也可采用省略句结构，即省略从句的主语和be动词。‎ ‎(1)My grandfather still plays tennis now and then，even if/though he’s in his nineties.(2016·北京)‎ 尽管我的祖父已经九十多岁了，但他仍不时打网球。‎ ‎[句式升级]‎ ‎(2)He won’t come to our party even if he is invited.(改为省略句)‎ He won’t come to our party even if invited.‎ It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。‎ more...than...与其说……，倒不如说……‎ more than多于(后跟数词)；不仅仅(后跟名词)；非常；岂止(后跟形容词、副词等) not more than不多于；不超过；至多 no more than仅仅；只不过 ‎(1)She was more worried than angry when her daughter didn’t go home.‎ 女儿没回家时，与其说她生气倒不如说她担心。‎ ‎[翻译句子]‎ ‎(2)Fishing is more than an sport；it’s an art.‎ 钓鱼不只是一项运动，它是一门艺术。‎ ‎(3)I’d be more than grateful if you could accept my invitation.‎ 如果你能接受我的邀请我会非常感激。‎ ‎[联想发散]　含than的短语还有：other than除了；rather than 而不是；less than不到；少于