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【英语】2019届二轮复习短文语法填空专题模拟试题10篇训练之二十四(11页word版)
2019届二轮复习短文语法填空专题模拟试题10篇训练之二十四 [一] A lot of the time when I reveal to my French friends that I am a vegetarian (素食者),a look of horror comes over their faces!1.____________ has been fascinating to experience the cultural 2.____________(important) of food in different countries. In the United Kingdom, vegetarianism is very popular. However,here in France, I often struggle 3.____________(find) a meatand fishfree option on a menu, 4.____________can make eating in restaurants a bit of a challenge. A common misconception about vegetarian food is that it is not as tasty, nutritious or filling 5.____________ a meal which involves meat or fish. However, although sometimes vegetarian food requires a little more creativity,it is very easy to enjoy a healthy and 6.________________ (balance)diet as a vegetarian, as meat substitutes are becoming so much more 7.____________ (easy) accessible. Meatfree Mondays is all about helping people to have one day a week free of meat. By the way the meatfree day does not necessarily have to be a Monday!The campaign 8.____________(aim) to lower the carbon footprint of the planet as well as to improve our health. This is a great challenge for anyone who would like to try out some vegetarian cooking and is a wonderful way to contribute to 9.____________(slow) down climate change.I hope you will enjoy trying out some 10.____________(amaze) vegetarian recipes! 1.It解析:考查it的用法。设空处作形式主语,真正的主语是不定式短语。故填It。 2.importance解析:考查名词。由其前的the cultural可知设空处应填名词,故填importance。 3.to find解析:考查不定式作状语的用法。struggle to do sth.意为“努力去做某事”。 4.which解析:考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句且指代整个主句,故填which。 5.as解析:考查固定结构。as...as...意为“像……一样……”。 6.balanced解析:考查形容词作定语的用法。balanced diet意为“均衡的饮食”。 7.easily解析:考查副词。设空处修饰形容词accessible,故填副词easily。 8.aims解析:考查一般现在时。由上下文可知此处描述的是现在的情况,故用一般现在时。 9.slowing解析:考查动词ing形式作宾语的用法。contribute to中的to是介词,故其后需填动词ing形式。 10.amazing解析:考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语,说明事物的特征,意为“令人吃惊的”,故填amazing。 [二] Beijing Opera roles require performers to paint 61.____________(they) faces in patterns and colors to represent different character types and 62.____________(quality). In Beijing Opera, facial painting can be quite complex. However, in the 63.______________ (begin),only three colors were used—red, white, and black. Now, many other colors, such 64.____________ yellow, purple, blue and green, are used for facial painting. Red is a color for brave and loyal characters. Guan Yu, a general from the Three Kingdoms Period (A.D.220-280), is a good example of this kind of character. He is famous 65.____________ being very loyal to his emperor, Liu Bei. White highlights all 66.____________ is bad in human nature. It 67.____________(suggest) dishonesty and betrayal(背叛). One of the typical whitefaced characters is Cao Cao, a 68.____________(power) and cruel prime minister from the Three Kingdoms Period. Black face paint is 69.____________(usual) used for someone who is fierce and violent. One typical example is General Zhang Fei from the classic novel, Romance of the Three Kingdoms. All these different colors are used in Beijing Opera facial painting 70.____________(provide) a clear picture of each character. 【解题导语】京剧的角色需要表演者画脸,而脸谱的颜色以红色、白色和黑色为主。本文介绍了京剧脸谱的主要颜色所代表的意义。 61.their解析:考查代词。句意:京剧的角色要求表演者用不同图案和颜色涂抹他们的脸,以此来表现不同的人物类型和品质。空后的faces为名词,其前应用形容词性物主代词修饰。故填their。 62.qualities解析:考查名词单复数。句意见上一题解析。quality指人的品质、性格时,为可数名词,根据and连接的并列成分types可知,此处应用复数形式。故填qualities。 63.beginning解析:考查词性转换。句意:然而,在最初的时候,只使用三种颜色——红色、白色和黑色。in the beginning为固定短语,意为“开始;起初”。 64.as解析:考查固定搭配。句意:现在,很多其他的颜色,如黄色、紫色、蓝色和绿色也被用于脸谱绘画。such as为固定短语,用于表示列举例子,意为“例如”。 65.for解析:考查固定搭配。句意:他因为非常忠于他的皇帝——刘备而出名。be famous for...意为“因为……出名”, 为固定搭配。故填for。 66.that解析:考查定语从句。句意:白色强调人性中坏的一面。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句,先行词为all,关系词只能用that。 67.suggests解析:考查动词的时态。句意:白色表示不忠和背叛。整篇文章的时态为一般现在时,故此处也应用一般现在时。故填suggests。 68.powerful解析:考查词性转换。句意:其中一个典型的白脸人物是曹操,他是三国时期一个权力强大、残暴的丞相。and连接两个并列的形容词,修饰名词prime minister。因此,此处应用形容词。故填powerful。 69.usually解析:考查词性转换。句意:黑色脸谱通常用于勇猛暴躁的人。本句中used为动词,所以用副词修饰。故填usually。 70.to provide解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:所有这些不同的颜色被用在京剧脸谱绘画中是为了给每个人物勾勒出鲜明的形象。根据句意可知,设空处在句中作目的状语,应用动词不定式。故填to provide。 [三] Being raised in a family of teachers, I 1.____________(get) plenty of chances to connect myself with literature since a young age. So I have many stories about me and reading. It was my father who took me on the road to reading and made me appreciate 2.____________(it) beauty. When I was a little girl, he bought me a book 3.____________(name) Romance of the Three Kingdoms.I was too young to read this difficult work, so my father explained it to me 4.____________(patient). From then on, I started to enjoy reading books. When I became a middle school student, I began to read some simplified English classics on my own. Sometimes, I would write down my thoughts and 5.____________(feel) and share them with my father. Among all the books that I read during my middle school years, Jane Eyre left the 6.____________(deep) impression on me. I was having some difficulties with my studies at that time, 7.____________ Jane Eyre’s persistence(坚持) and courage inspired me a lot. Thanks to my reading habit, I managed 8.____________(overcome) the difficulties of my studies. Now, I’m a senior high school student and very busy with my studies. But I still keep on reading in my spare time. My mother told me that I should be absorbed 9.____________my studies, but in my point of view, I regard reading as an oasis(绿洲) that can make me relax. Recently, I thought about the benefits 10.____________reading could bring us. Reading can clear our minds and motivate us. In addition, we may broaden our horizons and gain more knowledge through reading. I hope that my story can inspire you to start your own reading adventure. 【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者和阅读之间的故事,鼓励大家多读书。 1.have got/gotten解析:考查动词时态。since意为“自从”时,主句一般用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。 2.its解析:考查代词。修饰名词一般用形容词,故用形容词性物主代词its 修饰名词 beauty, 作定语。 3.named解析:考查非谓语动词。name 和句子谓语 bought 之间没有连词,故用非谓语动词,且和逻辑主语 a book 构成动宾关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。 4.patiently解析:考查副词。副词修饰形容词、副词、动词甚至整个句子,作状语。故用副词 patiently 修饰动词 explained。 5.feelings解析:考查词性转换。根据 and 可知,此处和thoughts 并列,故用feel的名词的复数形式feelings。 6.deepest解析:考查形容词的最高级。与 Among all the books 和定冠词 the 呼应,此处用形容词的最高级形式,修饰名词 impression。 7.but解析:考查连词。根据语境可知,上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系,故用连词 but。 8.to overcome解析:考查非谓语动词。固定搭配 manage to do sth. 意为“设法完成某事”,故用不定式作宾语。 9.in 解析:考查介词。固定搭配 be absorbed in sth. 意为“专注于某事”,故用介词in。 10.that/which 解析:考查定语从句。that/which 引导定语从句,在从句中作宾语,该从句修饰先行词 the benefits。 [四] One day in 1998,I went to visit my 90yearold grandma in a nursing home.She had lived there for 15 years.But it was becoming a little bit sad,partly because the place was full of people who ___61____(be) at the last stage of their life.What’s _____62___(bad),it was taking her longer and longer _____63____(recognize) me. She was really excited that day because they were having a dance party.I was not a big fan of dancing, _____64__I was a big fan of Grandma,so I accepted her _____65___(invite). During the party,an old lady _____66___(sit) next to me chatted with me,saying how much she loved music and dancing.Not knowing _____67___ to say,I stood up and invited her for a dance. I danced with all the ladies, ___68____(particular) with Grandma,which was awesome.However,I felt discomfort throughout ____69____party.I didn’t know the reason at that moment.But now,I realize it was my fear of watching Grandma grow older,my powerlessness to do anything about it and the thought of losing ___70___(she) that made me uncomfortable. 【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者去养老院看望90岁的奶奶。在那里的一次舞会中,作者与养老院所有的老奶奶都跳了舞。 61.were解析:考查动词时态。分析句子结构可知,此处为who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词people;结合句意可知,从句的时态应与主句的时态保持一致。所以填were。 62.worse解析:考查形容词比较级。What’s worse意思是“更糟糕的是”,相当于副词短语Even worse/Worse still。所以填worse。 63.to recognize解析:考查非谓语动词。句型It takes(took) sb.some time (money) to do sth.意为“做某事需要花费某人一定的时间或金钱”。所以填to recognize。 64.but/yet解析:考查连词。根据空处前后句子结构可知空处应该填一连词;结合空前的“not a big fan of dancing”和空后的“a big fan of Grandma”可知,空处前后有转折含义。所以填but/yet。 65.invitation解析:考查名词。根据空前的“accepted her”可知,空处应该是名词作宾语,意思是“接受她的邀请”。所以填invitation。 66.sitting解析:考查非谓语动词。从句子结构可知,空处是非谓语动词作后置定语,且主语an old lady与动词sit是逻辑上的主谓关系。所以填sitting。 67.what解析:考查疑问代词。根据“疑问代词+不定式”结构及空前的knowing可知,空处应该填疑问代词,意思为“不知道说什么”。所以填what。 68.particularly解析:考查副词。空后是介词短语with Grandma,介词短语只能用副词修饰。所以填particularly。 69.the解析:考查冠词。根据句意可知,此处的party特指上文中的“a dance party”。所以填the。 70.her解析:考查人称代词。根据空前的losing同时结合句意可知,空处应该填人称代词she的宾格her。 [五] There is a tradition in my school that when the College Entrance Examination is less than a month away, students in the __61__(low) grades, from Senior 1 to Senior 2, all gather together on the ground in front of the teaching building and cheer on the Senior 3 students who are standing upstairs. It wasn't until I __62__(person) took part in the activity that I understood the real __63__(mean) of it. I was in Senior 2 at the time. __64__that special night, all the Senior 3 students stood in the corridors (走廊) and looked down at the younger students below. __65__(vary) cheers started to resound throughout the school, wave after wave. “Believe in yourself! You deserve to win!” __66__(see) everyone's smiling faces around me, I thought of __67__famous quote from the American philosopher Henry David Thoreau: What you get by achieving your goals is not as important as what you become by achieving your goals. Soon it will be my turn to __68__(bless) in this way,__69__also means I will have to say goodbye to my school. Sad as it will be, being cheered on by so many students will still be one of the brightest __70__(time) of my life. 61. lower62.personally63.meaning64.On 65.Various66.Seeing 67.a68.be blessed 69.which70.times 篇章导读:本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己学校为即将参加高考的高三学生加油鼓励的独特传统。作者认为这种祝福方式让他倍受鼓舞,且当时的场景成为他记忆中最为闪亮的时刻之一。 61.lower考查形容词比较级。此处暗含了对比。对于高三的学生来说,高一和高二的学生就是较低年级的学生,所以要用比较级,故填lower。 62.personally考查词性转换。设空处修饰动词短语took part in,应用副词,故填personally。 63.meaning考查词性转换。设空处作understood的宾语,应用名词形式,故填meaning。 64.On考查介词。此处表述:在那个特殊的晚上。在具体的某一天晚上要用介词on,句首单词注意首字母大写,故填On。 65.Various考查词性转换。此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词cheers,故填Various “各种各样的”。 66.Seeing考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词,动词see和其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系,所以要用现在分词作状语,故填Seeing。 67.a考查冠词。quote是可数名词,意为“引语;引文”,而且此处表示泛指概念,故填不定冠词a。 68.be blessed考查非谓语动词。此处表述很快就轮到“我”收到这种方式的祝福。It is one's turn to do sth.为固定句型,意为“轮到某人去做某事”,根据句意可知,此句中“我”和bless之间是被动关系,应用不定式的被动形式,故填be blessed。 69.which考查定语从句的引导词。两个句子中没有连词,该空指代前面一句话的内容,而且在从句中作主语,所以此处应用which引导非限制性定语从句,故填which。 70.times考查名词的复数。当作“时光;岁月”讲时,time为可数名词;“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”意为“最……的……之一”。故填times。 [六] My interest in Chinese food started years ago, when I was a young reporter for the Washington Post. Our office wasn't far from Chinatown, __1__ I found some very good Chinese restaurants. That was the first time that I __2__ (notice) the fresh taste of the meat and vegetables of Chinese food. When I learned more about the food, I began to understand why __3__ has this special feature. Many years ago, China had __4__ energy crisis because it lost much of its wood due to overpopulation and poor management of its forests. This __5__ (lose) was very bad for the country, of course, but it turned out to be very good for the food. Wood became very expensive and hard to get, so the Chinese had to either find a substitute for their __6__ (value) wood, or learn how to use it better. There weren't any substitutes, so people found ways to economize. In order to economize in cooking, they had to use very little wood. So they started cutting their meat and vegetables __7__ small pieces before they put them in the hot oil. That way, the food cooked __8__ (fast) and they saved more fuel. The food __9__ (prepare) in this way kept its fresh flavor—and it's this flavor __10__ attracts people from other countries to the art of Chinese cooking. 篇章导读:本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了中国食物美味的原因。在很多年前,由于中国的木柴缺乏,人们为了节约木柴,就把食物切成小块烹饪,食物很快就熟了,而且保持了鲜美的味道。 1.where考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子成分可知,设空处所填词引导定语从句,补充说明先行词Chinatown,关系词在非限制性定语从句中作状语,表示地点,故填where。 2.had noticed考查动词的时态。在“It/This/That be the+序数词+time+that ...”句型中,若前面的be动词是一般过去时,that从句使用过去完成时,故填had noticed。 3.it考查代词。此处it代指前面的the food,故填it。 4.an考查冠词。表示“一”的概念时需用不定冠词,因为energy的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。句意:很多年前,中国有一次能源危机。 5.loss考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知,was是谓语部分,此处应用名词形式作主语,故填loss。 6.valuable考查词性转换。根据空后的名词wood可知,此处应用形容词修饰名词,故填valuable。 7.into考查介词。cut ... into ... 是固定搭配,意为“把……切成……”,故填into。 8.faster考查副词的比较级。根据后面的more可知,此处应用fast的比较级,故填faster。 9.prepared考查非谓语动词。此处是过去分词作后置定语,表被动,修饰名词food,故填prepared。 10.that考查强调句型。此句去掉it's和设空处后,仍是一个完整的句子,所以是强调句型,且被强调部分是this flavor,故填that。 [七] There's no such thing __1__ living alone. Never mind if you're the only person in your house and have no dog, no cat, or even no fish. You still have got several billion __2__ (roommate) and so do we all. Some of them are harmless, some are __3__ (actual) helpful and some could even kill you. They are, of course, bacteria, fungi (霉菌) and viruses, and whether you like it or not, they're on you, around you, and deeply within you. The fact __4__ bacteria are everywhere is not surprising. It's something you __5__ (learn) from your childhood when your mother told you not to drink water from someone else's glass. There are lots of bacteria __6__ are living in your tea kettle. There are bacteria __7__ (sleep) with you on your bed. Scientists are beginning __8__ (realize) the richness of the microbiome (微生物群系), which is as complex as the ones __9__ (find) in oceans, rainforests, deserts and woodlands. Your house has a microbiome and __10__ do you. 篇章导读:本文是一篇说明文。世上没有真正独自的生活,即使你单独在家,家里没有狗、猫或者鱼,你身边还是有成千上万的陪伴者——各种细菌、霉菌和病毒。 1.as考查固定结构。There is no such thing as ... “没有像……这样的事”。 2.roommates考查名词的复数。roommate为可数名词,由several billion可知,应用复数形式。 3.actually考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰形容词helpful。 4.that考查同位语从句的连接词。根据语境可知,本句中含有由that引导的同位语从句,解释说明The fact的具体内容。 5.learned/learnt考查动词的时态。根据下文中的told可知,应用一般过去时。 6.which/that考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词为bacteria,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,故用which或that。 7.sleeping考查非谓语动词。bacteria与sleep存在逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词作后置定语。 8.to realize考查非谓语动词。start和begin后跟表示心理状态或精神活动的动词时,如understand和realize等,常用不定式。 9.found考查非谓语动词。the ones与find是被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。 10.so考查特殊句型。“so+助动词+主语”表示“……也如此”。 [八] Over the years, I have met some interesting people. Two of __1__ most interesting people were two elderly sisters, Joan and Bernice, __2__ way of talking about people inspired me. It was always a __3__ (pleasant) to visit these two sisters. Just being greeted at the door was a joy. They couldn't be __4__ (happy) when seeing me. I always heard about the people who were there before me. Every person __5__ (talk) about in a positive way. The conversation would go something like this, “Oh, Kay, soandso was here yesterday, she __6__ (be) just ‘the salt of the earth’, isn't she? ” The other sister would reply, “Oh, yes! You just can't believe __7__ wonderful she is. ” I never heard they said a negative word about anyone. NEVER! I understood why these two had so much company when other people complained that no one cared about __8__ (they). It was their attitude __9__ people. There was no doubt that when the next person came to visit, he was going to hear how I was “the salt of the earth”. What a wonderful example these two elderly sisters were to me! I will always be __10__ (thank) that I had the opportunity to know them. 篇章导读:本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。全文主要介绍了作者所认识的一对很有趣且极具正能量的姐妹的故事。 1.the考查冠词。由空后的“most interesting”的提示可知,此处为形容词的最高级,应用定冠词修饰。 2.whose考查定语从句的引导词。whose 引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作定语,先行词为Joan and Bernice。 3.pleasure考查词性转换。结合语境和冠词a的提示可知,此处应用名词形式。 4.happier考查形容词的比较级。否定词与比较级连用表达最高级含义,与上文的joy呼应。 5.was talked考查动词的时态和语态。由语境可知,Every person和talk之间是被动关系;再由前一句的时态可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态。 6.is考查动词的时态。由附加问句“isn't she?”可知,此处应用is。 7.how考查宾语从句的连接词。how引导宾语从句且在从句中修饰形容词wonderful。 8.them考查代词。介词about后应跟代词的宾格形式且表示“他们”,故填them。 9.toward(s)/to考查介词。attitude toward(s)/to sb. 意为“对某人的态度”,符合语义。 10.thankful考查词性转换。be动词后一般跟形容词作表语,故此处用形容词形式。 [九] The wives who lived within the walls of the Weinsberg Castle in Germany were well aware of the riches it held: gold, silver, jewels, and wealth beyond belief. Then the day came in 1140 AD when all their __1__ (value) treasure was threatened. Welf, the Duke of Bavaria, sat __2__ (trap) inside his Weinsberg Castle. Outside the castle walls lay the army of Frederick, the Duke of Swabia, __3__ his brother, the Emperor Konrad, __4__ army had surrounded the castle and demanded the fortunes and the lives of the men within. Although the conquering commander had set a condition for the safe release of all the women and children, the wives in Weinsberg refused __5__ (leave) without having their own condition met. They demanded that they be allowed to fill their arms __6__ as many possessions as they could carry out. Thinking that the women couldn't __7__ (possible) take much, they met their request. When the castle gates opened, the army outside was brought to __8__ (tear): every woman was carrying her husband! Konrad assured the women of their husbands' complete __9__ (safe) and freedom. He invited them all to a banquet and __10__ (make) peace with the Duke of Bavaria on terms much more favorable than expected. Afterwards, the castle was known for women's loyalty. 篇章导读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了德国Weinsberg城堡,该城堡以妇女的忠诚闻名于世。 1.valuable/invaluable 考查词性转换。空处修饰名词treasure且表示“(极)宝贵的”,故用value的形容词形式valuable或invaluable。 2.trapped 考查非谓语动词。动词trap和主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,表示“(已经)被困城堡之内”,故用过去分词trapped作主语补足语,表明主语的状态。 3.and考查连词。根据语境可知,该句中的“Frederick, the Duke of Swabia”和“his brother, the Emperor Konrad”之间是并列关系,故用and。 4.whose考查定语从句的引导词。分析该句结构可知,该句为非限制性定语从句,army和先行词之间是所属关系,故用whose引导该定语从句。 5.to leave考查非谓语动词。refuse to do sth.为固定短语,表示“拒绝做某事”,此处表示,城堡里的妇女要求满足她们的条件,否则就拒绝离开。 6.with考查介词。fill (sth.) with sth. 为固定用法,意为“用……填满……”,故填with。 7.possibly考查词性转换。空处修饰动词take,故用副词形式。 8.tears考查名词的复数。tear为可数名词,此处构成固定搭配bring sb.to tears,意为“使某人流泪”,故用tear的复数形式tears。 9.safety考查词性转换。根据该句中的“complete ... and freedom”可知,形容词complete修饰空处所填词,空处与名词freedom为并列关系,故用名词形式safety。 10.made考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“He invited them”及全文时态可知,此处陈述的是过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时。 [十] Christmas is no fun when you're poor. Twenty years ago, I was a young,__61__(struggle) substitute teacher(代课教师)whose calls into work had been few. Money was tight, bills were due__62__my wife and I couldn't even afford to get Christmas gifts for each other. The only gifts we could get for our children were a few soft toys that I had found__63__(sell) at half price in the supermarket. I opened the door and brought in the gifts I__64__(hide) in our old car's trunk. Then I handed__65__to my son and daughter. I watched with a sad smile as they did their best to tear off the wrapping(包装)paper. As they pulled out their toys,though,I noticed their__66__lit up and they jumped up and down. My daughter__67__(happy) hugged her toy and then hugged her mom and me as well. I laughed as I watched my children play with their toys__68__hours, and I thanked God for the__69__(great) gift I had ever been given. Till today I still treasure__70__gift of pure love that my son and daughter gave me that day. 【文章大意】20年前,作者家里很穷,只能给孩子们买打折的玩具作为圣诞礼物,可孩子们却因为有礼物而高兴不已。 61.解析:考查非谓语动词。修饰名词teacher应用现在分词struggling,struggling表示“奋斗中的”。 答案:struggling 62.解析:考查连词。前后两句为顺承关系,也可为因果关系,故填so或者and。答案:so/and 63.解析:考查非谓语动词。在“find+宾语+宾补”结构中,宾语that(指代toys)与sell存在动宾关系,故应用sold作found的宾语补足语。答案:sold 64.解析:考查时态。hide的动作发生在opened和brought in之前,故应用过去完成时。答案:had hidden 65.解析:考查代词或名词。此处指的是那些礼物,故填them或the gifts。 答案:them/the gifts 66.解析:考查固定搭配。one's eyes/face light(s)up表示“眼中/脸上流露出喜悦之情”。答案:eyes/faces 67.解析:考查副词。修饰动词应用副词happily。答案:happily 68.解析:考查介词。此处用介词for表示一段时间。答案:for 69.解析:考查形容词的级。由“I had ever been given”可知,此处表示“最好的礼物”应用great的最高级。答案:greatest 70.解析:考查冠词。名词gift后有定语修饰,故其前应用定冠词the。 答案:the查看更多