2019届二轮复习阅读理解推理判断题方法技巧课件（21张）

2019届二轮复习阅读理解推理判断题方法技巧课件（21张）

一、以文章中的细节为依据进行判断 判断是指对已知的事实仔细评价之后做出的合理的决定。这里所说的 合理的决定,并非指唯一的决定。对同一事实所作的判断可能不止一 个。譬如,两个人都对某天早晨的阴天作了观察,一个人可能会做出天 要下雨的判断,出门时带了雨伞;而另一个判断天将放晴,因此出门时没 带雨伞。谁的判断是正确的,只有等未来的天气变化后才能得到验证。 人们不仅在生活中需要进行判断,在阅读中同样需要进行判断。 在阅读中判断,一定要以材料提供的事实为依据,做出的判断要合乎情 2019 届二轮复习阅读 理解 推理判断题 方法 技巧 理。阅读判断的方法和步骤如下: 1.通过辨认细节的技巧,了解并理解有关的事实或证据。 2.对这些事实或证据进行分析和评价。 3.在分析和评价的基础上作合理的决定。有时需要借助常识做决定。 如: 例 　The brown bear approached the family in order to 　　     . 　　A.catch shore birds　　B.start an attack C.protect the children　　D.set up a barrier for itself (原文) The Brown Bear My wife Laura and I were on the beach,with three of our children,taking pictures of shore birds near our home in Alaska when we spotted a bear. The bear was thin and small,moving aimlessly. Just a few minutes later,I heard my daughter shouting,“Dad!The bear is right behind us!”An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute.This one was silent and its ears pinned back—the sign(迹象)of an animal that is going in for the kill.And it was a cold April day.The bear behaved abnormally, probably because of hunger. I held my camera tripod(三脚架)in both hands to form a barrier as the bear rushed into me.Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders,and the tripod stuck across its mouth.It bit down and I found myself supporting its weight.I knew I would not be able to hold it for long. 分析 　根据文章第二段第二句和第三句 An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute. This one was silent and its ears pinned back— the sign of an ani- mal that is going in for the kill . 可以判断出这头熊接近这家人是要展开 攻击,故选择B项。 文中所描述的细节很清晰地阐述了熊的行为,但由于问题和选项的设 置,需要考生将细节进行处理做出简单判断才能获取正确答案。 二、紧扣文章主旨进行推理 推论不同于判断。尽管二者都以事实为依据 , 但推论超越了已知的事 实 , 是对未知所作的陈述。假如一个司机发现马路前方围着一大群人 , 他就会对此(已知的事实)做出发生了车祸的推论;如果他发现马路前方 有一个小孩在玩皮球,他必须立即做出紧急刹车或从侧面绕过去的判断。 在阅读中,读者要从文字的表面深入到字里行间,理解所读的内容,悟出 作者的言外之意。 只有对字面的含义有了深刻的理解,方可推断出作者未明确说出来的意 思、作者的态度及写作的意图等。下面举几个文学作品的例子,说明如 何在阅读中作推论。 (1)...The young man quickly answered,“Yes,sir.” 从“quickly”和“Yes,sir.”可以推论出,说话者似乎态度谦卑,甚至有 点诚惶诚恐。 (2)“...Lots of people think I