2020届二轮复习语法专题状语从句用法归纳II(共35张PPT)课件

2020届二轮复习语法专题状语从句用法归纳II(共35张PPT)课件

状语从句用法归纳 II 在主从复合句中，充当状语的句子叫状语从句。 状语就是对动词，副词，形容词以及整个句子修饰的成分，常表示动作发生的时间，地点，原因，条件，目的，结果，方式，伴随情况等。 判断下列句子是什么从句？ When they will come hasn’t been made published. The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing. When the news came, he decided to serve in the army. 定语从句 主语从句 状语从句 ————————————— ———————————————— ————————————— 翻译下列句子，指出画线部分状语从句的类别 1. Every time I see action movies acted by Jackie Chan , I would get excited. 每当我看成龙演的动作片时，我会很兴奋。划线部分作时间状语。 2. You should have put away the book where you look it . 3. The higher income tax is harmful because it may discourage people from trying to earn more . 你应该把书放回原处。 划线部分作地点状语 所得税高是有害的，因为它让人不想去赚更多的钱。 划线部分作原因状语。 4. The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them . 　 5. He got up so early that he caught the first bus . 老板要秘书赶快送交那些信件以便他能签发。 划线部分作目的状语。 他起得很早因此他赶上了第一班车。划线部分作结果状语。 只要你不断尝试，你当然会成功。划线部分作条件状语。 6. You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying . 7. Much as I respect him , I can't agree to his proposal. 虽然我非常尊敬他，但我不同意他的建议。划线部分作让步状语 8. He looks much younger than he is. 9. The employee behaved as if he were the boss . 他看上去比实际年龄小得多。划线部分作比较状语。 这个员工表现得像老板似的。划线部分作方式状语。 状语从句一般分为九大类别： 时间状语从句；地点状语从句；原因状语从句；目的状语从句；结果状语从句；条件状语从句；让步状语从句；比较状语从句和方式状语从句。 引导各类状语从句的从属连词分别为： 时间状 语从句 when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until, the minute, the moment, the second, every time ， each time, the first time ， the instant, immediately, directly ， instantly, no sooner … than … ， hardly … when … ， scarcely … when … 地点状 语从句 where ， wherever, anywhere, everywhere 原因状 语从句 because, since, as, now that , seeing that, in that, considering that, given that 条件状 语从句 if, unless, as/so long as , only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in case that, on condition that 结果状 语从句 so that ， so … that… ， such … that… ， to the degree that, to the extent that 目的状 语从句 so that, in order that , lest, in case, for fear that ， in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that 让步状 语从句 though, although, even if, even though, as ( 须倒装 ) ， while ( 放句首 ) ， no matter … ， whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever ， whether … or … 比较状 语从句 (as…)as, not as/so…as… ， than ， the more … the more … ， A is to B what /as X is to Y ； 方式状 语从句 as, as if ， as though 考点与难点归纳 1 、各种从属连词的含义及用法比较； 2 、 no matter wh- 与 wh-ever 引导的从句的区别； 3 、状语从句的时态问题； 4 、状语从句倒装及省略问题； 5 、状语从句与其它从句的区别。 考点 难点 注意：理解下面例句，比较 when, while, as Just as /Just when/ When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. He came home while I was preparing dinner. When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. As they pick tea, they sing songs. As the day went on, the weather got worse. 时间状语从句 When, while, as 引导的时 间状语的特殊点 表示 “当 …… 时候”时， when 可接短暂性或延续性动词，表示主从句两个动作既可以同时发生，也可以先后发生； while 只能接延续性动作，强调动作的延续性，主从句两个动作同时发生，表示“在此期间”； as 既可以接延续性动词也可以接短暂性动词，但强调两个动作同时发生，常译为“一边 …… 一边 ……” 或者“随着” Before I could say anything more, Holmes had rushed off towards the station. You have to pass the driving test before you can get a license. Put that money somewhere safe before it gets stolen. 时间状语从句 before 的活用 表达“ … 才 …” “ 还没（来得及） … 就 … ”“趁 …” 等意思的时候要用 before 引导的时间状语从句 。 before 引导时间状语从句用于以下句型 1. It +will be/was+ 时间段 +before… “ 过 … 时间才 …” 时间状语从句 before 的句型 It will be a while before we know the results. 2. It +won’t be/was not+ 时间段 +before… “ 不久 / 没过多久就 …” It wasn’t long before we found the lost kid. I waited until/till he came back. She didn’t arrive until the concert was over. 时间状语从句 until/till 即时演练： 等着我叫你 Wait until I call you. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。 Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 这两个连词意义基本相同。两个连词均可用于肯定形式，表示 “做某事直至某时”，此时动词是延续性的。在否定形式表达 “直至某时才做某事”时只能用 until ，此时动词为非延续性。另外注意表示“直到 …… 才”意义的倒装句型和强调句型。 Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 时间状语从句 not…until 的变化 Not until... 在句首，主句用部分倒装。 It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted. 用于强调句型，“ not until … ”一起放在强调位置 as soon as… hardly/scarcely…when/before… no sooner…than… 时间状语从句 表达“一 … 就 …” As soon as I got home, it began to rain. I had hardly/scarcely got home when /before it began to rain. I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. 注意：如果 hardly/scarcely 或 no sooner 置于句首，句子要用部分倒装 时间状语从句 表达“一 … 就 …” Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when /before it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 此外， immediately, directly, instantly, the moment 都可以表示“一 … 就 …” The moment I got home, it began to rain. the minute, the second, the year, the first time, every time, next time, by the time 等也可引导时间状语从句 时间状语从句 表达“一 … 就 …” I meet up with Julie every time I go to Washington . 1.( 全国卷） I had hardly got to the office_____ my wife phoned me to go back home at once. 即时演练： when 时间状语从句 2. ( 上海卷） you can’t borrow books from the school library _________ you get your student card. 3. ( 四川） because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch _____ she got to her office. unless/before when 地点状语从句 理解并分析句子，哪句是状语从句？ She was standing exactly where you are standing now. Stay where you are. This is the place where I hid the key. 定语 翻译：我住的地方有很多树。 There are plenty of trees at the place where I live. Where I live there are plenty of trees. where 地点状语从句 1.( 天津） Everything was placed exactly ___ he wanted it for the graduation ceremony. while B. when C. where D. though 2. （山东） A number of high buildings have arisen___ there was nothing a year ago but ruins. A. When B. where C. before D. until 即时检验： 根据句子意思选词 (as, since, because) 填空 ( 每空一词 ) 1. It is __________ he is ill that he isn't here celebrating your birthday. 2. __________ you have known the truth from head to toe, I won't give any explanation. 3. __________ the weather is not so helpful, we had better prepare two plans in advance. As Since because 原因状语从句 because, as 与 since/ now that because 语气最强，表示与结果直接相关的原因，可译为 “( 正 / 就是 ) 因为 ” ，所以常用于强调句型或回答 why 引导的问题。 since 表示顺承关系，表达说话者认为合乎情理的逻辑推断，可译为 “ 既然 ……( 就 ……)” ，此时用法上相当于 now that 。 as 语气比较弱，常译为 “ 由于 ”, 有时可与 because 通用。 He is absent today, because / for he is ill. He must be ill, for he is absent today. 原因状语从句 because / for 由 because 引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用 for 来代替， 但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用 for. 原因状语从句 1.( 重庆） —Coach, can I continue with the training? — Sorry, you can’t ___ you haven’t recovered from the knee injury. until B. before C. as D. unless 2. （山东） He found it increasingly difficult to read, ____ his eyesight was beginning to fail. A. though B. for C. but D. so 即时检验： If you are not too tired, let’s go out for a walk. Let’s go out for a walk unless you are too tired. 条件状语从句 if/unless Unless 意为“除非”，意义上可以转化为“ if…not..” as long as “ 只要” 条件状语从句 as/so long as… on condition that… You can go out to play as long as you stay in the back yard. on condition that… “ 如果；在 … 条件下” Tom lent me the money on condition that I paid it back within 3 weeks. 条件状语从句 ( 江苏卷） one’s life has value____ one brings value to the life of others. A. So that B. no matter how C. as long as D. except that 2. ( 福建） it is hard for Greek government to get over the present difficulties _____ it gets more financial support from the European Union A. if B. unless C. because D. since 即时检验： 条件状语从句 3. ( 陕西） All the photographs in this book, ____ stated otherwise, date from the 1950s A. unless B. until C. once D. if 即时检验： Thank you