—北京高考英语试题和答案附加部分解析

—北京高考英语试题和答案附加部分解析

‎2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 （北京卷）‎ 英语 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第一节（共5 小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ ‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. What did the man win in his dream?‎ A. A holiday.‎ B. A new car.‎ C. Some money.‎ ‎2. Will the woman come to the party?‎ ‎ A. Maybe.‎ ‎ B. No ‎ C. Certainly ‎3. How long has the woman been an author?‎ ‎ A. About 30 years.‎ ‎ B. About 40 years.‎ ‎ C. About 70 years.‎ ‎4. What does the woman want?‎ ‎ A. A radio.‎ ‎ B. Some pens.‎ ‎ C. Some batteries.‎ ‎5. What is the woman doing?‎ ‎ A. Asking for information.‎ ‎ B. Asking for an apology.‎ ‎ C. Asking for help.‎ 第二节（共15 小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ ‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前后，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。‎ ‎6. How many coats does the woman want?‎ ‎ A. 25. B. 30. C. 50.‎ ‎7. What is the order number for gloves?‎ ‎ A. P25G5. B. P26T5. C. P28D5.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8. Which city has the woman visited recently?‎ ‎ A. New York. B. London. C. Paris.‎ ‎9. What does the woman like about the city?‎ ‎ A. City life. B. Weather. C. Environment.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至11。‎ ‎10. When will it rain?‎ ‎ A. In the morning.‎ B. In the afternoon.‎ C. At night.‎ ‎11. What will cause delays for traffic coming into town?‎ ‎ A. Rain.‎ ‎ B. A fog.‎ ‎ C. Bridge repairs.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第12至14题。‎ ‎12. Why did the woman go to the bank?‎ ‎ A. To buy a new house.‎ ‎ B. To meet the manager.‎ ‎ C. To make an appointment.‎ ‎13. What happened in the parking lot?‎ ‎ A. The woman quarreled with a stranger.‎ ‎ B. The woman failed to get her car parked in time.‎ ‎ C. The woman backed her car into the wrong place.‎ ‎14. What did the woman think of the man when she first saw him?‎ ‎ A. Selfish.‎ ‎ B. Clever.‎ ‎ C. Respectful.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第15至17题。‎ ‎15. How does the woman think about her work?‎ ‎ A. It is very good.‎ ‎ B. It is hard to say now.‎ ‎ C. It keeps her very busy.‎ ‎16. Where does the woman live now?‎ ‎ A. In her workplace.‎ ‎ B. In the city center.‎ ‎ C. In a big apartment.‎ ‎17. What are the two speakers talking about?‎ ‎ A. The woman’s life in a new city.‎ ‎ B. The woman’s travel experience.‎ ‎ C. The woman’s co-workers.‎ 听第11段材料，回答第18至20题。‎ ‎18. What is the woman’s view on smell?‎ ‎ A. It is personal.‎ ‎ B. It is concrete.‎ ‎ C. It is strange.‎ ‎19. What is special about smells?‎ ‎ A. They are as pleasant as music.‎ ‎ B. They can last about thirty days.‎ ‎ C. They make things more memorable.‎ ‎20. What is the woman’s most favorite smell?‎ ‎ A. Smell of the sea. ‎ ‎ B. Smell of her garden.‎ ‎ C. Smell of aircraft fuel.‎ 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节：单项填空（共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎21. John promised his doctor he ________ not smoke, and he has smoked ever since.‎ ‎ A. might B. should C. could D. would.‎ ‎22. —Have you read book called Waiting for Anya?‎ ‎ —Who _______ it?‎ ‎ A. writes B. has written ‎ C. wrote D. had written ‎23. —Did you return Fred’s call?‎ ‎ —I didn’t need to ____ I’ll see him tomorrow.‎ ‎ A. though B. unless ‎ C. when D. because ‎24. ______ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed.‎ ‎ A. Seeing B. To see ‎ C. See D. Seen ‎25. It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _____ of the parents spoke the language.‎ ‎ A. none B. neither C. both D. each ‎26. After the long journey, the three of them went back home, ______.‎ ‎ A. hungry and tiredly B. hungry and tired ‎ C. hungrily and tiredly D. hungrily and tired ‎27. The hotel wasn’t particularly good. But I ____ in many worse hotels.‎ ‎ A .was staying B, stayed C. would stay D. had stayed ‎28. I’ll give you y friend’s home address, I can be reached most evenings.‎ ‎ A. which B. when ‎ C. whom D. where ‎29. No decision about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed.‎ ‎ A. will be made B. is made ‎ C. is being made D. has been made ‎30. The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.‎ ‎ A. which B. that C. what D. who ‎31. –Did the book give the information you needed?‎ ‎ –Yes. But _____ it, I had to read the entire book.‎ A. to find B. find C. to finding D. finding ‎32. I feel greatly honored ____ into their society.‎ A. to welcome B. welcoming C. to be welcomed D. welcomed ‎33. If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave ____ the back door.‎ A. for B. by C. across D. out ‎34. I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long, but it’ll still be some time ____ Brian get back.‎ A. before B. since C. till D. after ‎35. It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular, and ____ better ones of your own.‎ A. introduces B. to introduce C. introducing D. introduced 第二节 完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，共30分）‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship. Having been a Straight-A student, I believed I could __36__ tough subjects and really learn something. One such course was World Literature given by Professor Jayne. I was extremely interested in the ideas he 37 in class.‎ When I took the first exam, I was 38 to find a 77, C-plus, on my test paper, 39 English was my best subject. I went to Professor Jayne, who listened to my arguments but remained_ 40 .‎ I decided to try harder, although I didn’t know what that 41 because school had always been easy for me. I read the books more carefully, but got another 77. Again, I 42 with Professor Jayne. Again, he listened patiently but wouldn’t change his 43 .‎ One more test before the final exam. One more 44 to improve my grade. So I redoubled my efforts and, for the first time. 45 The meaning of the word “thorough”. But my 46__ did no good and everything 47 as before.‎ The last hurdle(障碍) was the final. No matter what 48 I got, it wouldn’t cancel three C-pluses. I might as well kiss the 49 goodbye.‎ I stopped working head. I felt I knew the course material as well as I ever would. The night before the final, I even 50 myself to a movie. The next day I decided for once I’d have 51__with a test.‎ A week later, I was surprised to find I got an A. I hurried into professor Jayne’s office. He 52__ to be expecting me. “If I gave you the As you 53 , you wouldn’t continue to work as hard.”‎ I stared at him. 54 That his analysis and strategy(策略) were correct. I had worked my head 55 , as I had never done before.‎ I was speechless when my course grade arrived: A-plus. It was the only A-plus given. The next year I received my scholarship. I’ve always remembered Professor Jayne’s lesson: you alone must set your own standard of excellence.‎ ‎36. A. take B. discuss C. cover D. get ‎37. A. sought B. presented C. exchanged D. obtained ‎38. A. shocked B. worried C. scared D. anxious ‎39. A. but B. so C. for D. or ‎40. A. unchanged B. unpleasant C. unfriendly D. unmoved ‎41. A. reflected B. meant C. improved D. affected ‎42. A. quarreled B. reasoned C. bargained D. chatted ‎43. A. attitude B. mind C. plan D. view ‎44. A. choice B. step C. chance D. measure ‎45. A. memorized B. considered C. accepted D. learned ‎46. A. ambition B. confidence C. effort D. method ‎47. A. stayed B. went C. worked D. changed ‎48. A. grade B. answer C. lesson D. comment ‎49. A. scholarship B. course C. degree D. subject ‎50. A. helped B. favored C. treated D. relaxed ‎51. A. fun B. luck C. problems D. tricks.‎ ‎52. A. happened B. proved C. pretended D. seemed ‎53. A. valued B. imagined C. expected D. welcomed ‎54. A. remembering B. guessing C. supposing D. realizing ‎55. A. out B. over C. on D. off 第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Twenty years ago, I drove a taxi for a living. One night I went to pick up a passenger at 2:30 AM. When I arrived to collect, I found the building was dark except for a single light in a ground floor window.‎ I walked to the door and knocked, “Just a minute,” answered a weak, elderly voice. ‎ After a long pause, the door opened. A small woman in her eighties stood before me. By her side was a small suitcase.‎ I took the suitcase to the car, and then returned to help the woman. She took my arm and we walked slowly toward the car.‎ She kept thanking me for my kindness. “It’s nothing,” I told her. “I just try to treat my passengers the way I would want my mother treated.”‎ ‎“Oh, you’re such a good man.” She said. When we got into the taxi, she gave me an address, and then asked, “Could you drive through downtown?”‎ ‎“It’s not the shortest way,” I answered quickly.‎ ‎“Oh, I’m in no hurry,” she said. “I’m on my way to a hospice(临终医院). I don’t have any family left. The doctor says I don’t have very long.”‎ I quietly reached over and shut off the meter(计价器).‎ For the next two hours, we drove through the city. She showed me the building where she had once worked, the neighborhood where she had lived, and the furniture shop that had once been a ballroom where she had gone dancing as a girl.‎ Sometimes she’d ask me to slow down in front of a particular building and would sit staring into the darkness, saying nothing.‎ At dawn, she suddenly said,” I’m tired. Let’s go now.”‎ We drove in silence to the address she had given me.‎ ‎“How much do I owe you?” she asked.‎ ‎“Nothing.” I said.‎ ‎“You have to make a living,” she answered. “Oh, there are other passengers,” I answered.‎ Almost without thinking, I bent and gave her a hug. She held onto e tightly. Our hug ended ‎ with her remark, “You gave an old woman a little moment of joy.”‎ ‎56. The old woman chose to ride through the city in order to ______.‎ A. show she was familiar with the city B. see some places for the last time C. let the driver earn more money D. reach the destination on time ‎57. The taxi driver did not charge the old woman because he ______.‎ A. wanted to do her a favor B. shut off the meter by mistake C. had received her payment in advance D. was in a hurry to take other passengers ‎58. What can we learn from the story?‎ A. Giving is always a pleasure.‎ B. People should respect each other.‎ C. An act of kindness can bring people great joy.‎ D. People should learn to appreciate others’ concern.‎ B Domestic (驯养的) horses now pull ploughs, race in the Kentucky Derby, and carry police. But early horses weren’t tame (驯服的) enough to perform these kinds of tasks. Scientists think the first interactions humans had with horses were far different from those today.‎ Thousands of years ago, people killed the wild horses that lived around them for food. Over time, people began to catch the animals and raise them. This was the first step in domestication.‎ As people began to tame and ride horses, they chose to keep those animals that had more desirable characteristics. For example, people may have chosen to keep horses that had a gentle personality so they could be ridden more easily. People who used horses to pull heavy loads would have chosen to keep stronger animals. Characteristics like strength are partly controlled by the animals’ genes. So as the domesticated horses reproduced, they passed the characteristics on to their young. Each new generation of houses would show more of these chosen characteristics.‎ Modern day horse breeds come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. This variety didn’t exist in the horse population before domestication. The Shetland horse is one of the smallest breeds—typically reaching only one meter tall. With short, strong legs, the animals were bred to pull coal out of mine shafts (矿井) with low ceilings. Huge horses like the Clydesdale came on the scene around 1700. People bred these heavy, tall horses to pull large vehicles used for carrying heavy loads.‎ The domestication of horses has had great effects on societies. For example, horse were important tools in the advancement of modern agriculture. Using them to pull ploughs and carry heavy loads allowed people to farm more efficiently. Before they were able to ride horses, humans had to cross land on foot. Riding horses allowed people to travel far greater distance in much less time. That encouraged populations living in different areas to interact with one another. The new from of rapid transportation helped cultures spread around the world.‎ ‎59. Before domestication horses were ______.‎ A. caught for sports ‎ B. hunted for food C. made to pull ploughs D. used to carry people ‎60. The author uses the Shetland horse as an example to show ______.‎ A. it is smaller than the Clydesdale horse B. horse used to have gentle personalities C. some horses have better shaped than others ‎ D. horses were of less variety before domestication ‎61. Horses contributed to the spread of culture by ______.‎ A. carrying heavy loads B. changing farming methods C. serving as a means of transport D. advancing agriculture in different areas ‎62. The passage is mainly about _______.‎ A. why humans domesticated horses B. how humans and horses needed each other C. why horses came in different shapes and sizes D. how human societies and horses influenced each other C Dear Hamilton,‎ ‎ We are fortunate that in such a large, high-pressure office we all get along so well. You are one of the people who keep the social temperature at such a comfortable setting. I don’t know anyone in the office who is better liked than you.‎ ‎ You can perhaps help with this. The collection of contributions towards gifts for employees’ personal-life events is becoming a little troubling. Certainly, the group sending of a gift is reasonable now and then. In the past month, however, there have been collections for two baby shower gifts, one wedding shower gift, two wedding gifts, one funeral（葬礼）remembrance, four birthday gifts, and three graduation gifts.‎ ‎ It’s not only the collected-from who are growing uncomfortable (and poor), but the collected-for feel uneasy receiving gifts from people who don’t know them outside the office, who wouldn’t even recognize their graduating children, their marrying daughters and sons, or their dead relatives.‎ ‎ This is basically a kind gesture (and one that people think well of you for), but the practice seems to have become too wide-ranging and feels improper in today’s office setting.‎ ‎ Thank you for understanding.‎ ‎63. The underlined word “contributions” probably means ________.‎ A. money B. suggestions C. reports D. understanding ‎64. Hamilton is expected to _______.‎ A. show more kindness.‎ B. discontinue the present practice C. quit being the organizer for gift giving D. know more about co-workers’ families ‎65. This is basically a letter of ________.‎ A. apology B. sympathy C. appreciation D. dissatisfaction D ‎ When it comes to friends, I desire those who will share my happiness, who possess wings of their own and who will fly with me. I seek friends whose qualities illuminate（照亮）me and train me up for love. It is for these people that I reserve the glowing hours, too good not to share.‎ ‎ When I was in the eighth grade, I had a friend. We were shy and “too serious” about our studies when it was becoming fashionable with our classmates to learn acceptable social behaviors. We said little at school, but she would come to my house and we would sit down with pencils and paper, and one of us would say:“Let’s start with a train whistle today.” We would sit quietly together and write separate poems or stories that grew out of a train whistle. Then we would read them aloud. At the end of that school year, we, too, were changing into social creatures and the stories and poems stopped.‎ ‎ When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend, He was in despair(失望)and I was in despair. But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at the time. We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things. We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted. We gave London to each other.‎ ‎ For almost four years I have had remarkable friend whose imagination illuminates mine. We write long letters in which we often discover our strangest selves. Each of us appears, sometimes in a funny way, in the other’s dreams. She and I agree that, at certain times, we seem to be parts of the same mind. In my most interesting moments, I often think:“Yes, I must tell….”We have never met.‎ ‎ It is such comforting companions I wish to keep. One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist（心理学家），who will only fill up the healing（愈合的）silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.‎ ‎66. In the eighth grade, what the author did before developing proper social behavior was to ______.‎ A. become serious about her study B. go to her friend’s house regularly C. learn from her classmates at school D. share poems and stories with her friend ‎67. In Paragraph 3, “We gave London to each other” probably means ______.‎ A. our exploration of London was a memorable gift to both of us B. we were unwilling to tear ourselves away from London C. our unpleasant feeling about London disappeared D. we parted with each other in London ‎68. According to Paragraph 4, the author and her friend _______.‎ A. call each other regularly B. have similar personalities C. enjoy writing to each other D. dream of meeting each other ‎69. In the darkest moments, the author would prefer to ______.‎ A. seek professional help B. be left alone C. stay with her best friend ‎ D. break the silence ‎70. What is the best title for the passage?‎ A. Unforgettable Experiences B. Remarkable Imagination C. Lifelong Friendship D. Noble Companions E The Diet Zone: A Dangerous Place ‎ Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet… We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically（身体上）.‎ ‎ Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale（秤）instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels.‎ ‎ On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don’t have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.‎ ‎ The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients(营养成分). Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.‎ ‎ Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.‎ ‎71. From Paragraph 1, we learn that ________.‎ A. diet products fail to bring out people’s potential B. people have difficulty in choosing diet products C. diet products are misleading people D. people are fed up with diet products ‎72. One psychological effect of diet products is that people tend to _____.‎ A. try out a variety of diet foods B. hesitate before they enjoy diet foods C. pay attention to their own eating habits D. watch their weight rather than their diet ‎73. In Paragraph 3, “gain comes without pain” probably means ______.‎ A. losing weight is effortless B. it costs a lot to lose weight C. diet products bring no pain D. diet products are free from calories ‎74. Diet products indirectly harm people physically because such products ______.‎ A. are over-consumed B. lack basic nutrients C. are short of chemicals D. provide too much energy ‎75. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?‎ 第II卷 （共35分）‎ 第四部分：书面表达 （共两节，35分）‎ 第一节 情景作文 （20分）‎ ‎ 假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华，为校刊英语园地写一篇题为“Our Spring Outing” 的英文稿件。 请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，叙述上周你们班从准备春游到春游结束的完整过程。‎ ‎ 注意： 词数不少于60.‎ ‎ 提示词： 游乐园 amusement park ‎ 垃圾箱 bin ‎ ‎(请务必将情景作文写在答题卡II第一页指定区域内)‎ 第二节 开放作文 （15分）‎ ‎ 请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。‎ ‎ In an English speech competition, you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to the judges how you understand it.‎ ‎(请务必将情景作文写在答题卡II第二页指定区域内)‎ ‎2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语 (北京卷) 参考答案 第一部分：听力理解 （共两节，30分）‎ 第一节 （共5小题： 每小题1.5分，共7.5分）‎ ‎1.A. 2.A. 3.B. 4.C. 5.C.‎ 第二节 （共15小题： 每小题1.5分，共22.5分）‎ ‎6. B 7. C 8. A 9. A 10. C ‎ ‎11. C 12. B 13. B 14. A 15.B ‎ ‎16. B 17. A 18. A 19. C 20. B 第二部分：知识运用 （共两节，45分）‎ 第一节 单项填空 （共15小题： 每小题1.分，共15分）‎ ‎21. D 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B ‎26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. C ‎31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35.C 第二节 完形填空 (共20小题： 每小题1.5分，共30分)‎ ‎36. A 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D ‎ ‎41. B 42. B 43. B 44. C 45. D ‎ ‎46. C 47. B 48. A 49. A 50. C ‎ ‎51. A 52. D 53. C 54. D 55. D 第三部分：阅读理解 （共20小题： 每小题2分，共40分）‎ ‎56. B 57. A 58. C 59. B 60. D ‎ ‎61. C 62. D 63. A 64. B 65. D ‎ ‎66. D 67. A 68. C 69. B 70. D ‎71. C 72. D 73. A 74. B 75. B 第四部分：书面表达 （共两节，35分）‎ 第一节 情景作文 （20分）‎ 一、 内容要点：‎ 1. 讨论 2. 爬山 3. 捡拾别人（或收拾自己）的垃圾 4. 投放垃圾 二、 说明：‎ 内容要点可用不同方式表达。‎ 三、 One possible version:‎ Last Thursday, we had a class meeting to discuss where to go for our spring outing. We came up with several choices such as going boating, climbing a mountain, and going to an amusement park. Finally, we decided to go mountain climbing.‎ The next day, we set off early in the morning. While climbing the mountain, we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view. However, when reached the top, we were shocked to see litter here and there, such as bottles and banana peels. Then we started to pick up the litter. Afterwards, we put the rubbish into the nearby recycling bin and non-recycling bin respectively.‎ We were tired but happy.‎ 第二节 开放作文 （15分）‎ One possible version:‎ ‎ From the picture I can see a pair of proud compasses and a hard-working pencil. The compasses are big, drawing a circle with ease, while the pencil is small, drawing a line with great effort. I think the compasses are reasonable to be proud because no one else can do the job better. At the same time, however, he should realize the pencil has his own advantages. The pencil can do other shapes better than the compasses, even pictures. So in my opinion, while we are confident in ourselves, we should recognize strengths in others and show due respect for them.‎ 一、真题讲解 第一节 单项填空 21. D 本题考查的情态动词的用法，特别是 could 和would 的意义区别。 Could, can 的过去式，主要表示“能够，可以，推测”等意义，而would 表示“将，愿意”，根据题干的意义（约翰向医生许诺将不吸烟，而且从那以后就没有再吸烟。），故选择D。 22. C 考查时态。题干中的答句问“谁写此书？”说明此书肯定是过去写的，所以用动词过去式。 23. D 考查连词用法。题干中答句意义是“我不需要回电话，因为我明天就会见到他”。 24. A 考查非谓语动词的用法。本句的主语是 I，I 与 See 的意义的逻辑关系是主动，也就是Seeing 才能表示主语与非谓语的“主动”的逻辑关系。 25. B 考查不定代词的用法。Neither 表示“两者都不”，句子的意义是“在父母都不懂英语的家庭里学习英语，对于他来讲是很困难的。” 26. B 考查形容词习惯用法。go hungry挨饿，不说go hungrily。 27. D 考查时态。前一个分句是过去时态，后一个分句说明的是“然而，已经住过很多条件不好的旅馆了。” ‎ ‎28. D 考查定语从句。Where 表示“在”，指“在我朋友家的地址”。 29. A 考查时态、语态。从句是现在完成时，主句应该用一般将来时。 30. C 考查宾语从句的关系词。What 表示“所创造的事物”。 31. A 考查非谓语动词。句子意义是“为了找到信息，我不得不阅读全书”。   32. C 考查非谓语动词。我是被欢迎的，所以用 to be welcomed。    33. B 考出介词by表示“通过”，for 表示“目的”，across 表示“横穿”，out 表示“在外面”。 34. A 考查连词。It is some time before 是一个句型，表示“在之前就有一段时间了”。     35. C 考查非谓语动词。introducing 和considering 是并列的，用在worth的后面，表示“值得做”。‎ ‎ 第二节 完形填空   36. A  考查词语搭配。take subjects的意义是“上某一学科的课”。 37. B  考查词语搭配。presented 意义是“传授”，ideas 是he presented 的定语从句，意思是“他所传授的理论”。‎ ‎38. A考查上下文的意义的联系。文中说他的学习成绩总是得A，然而这次考试，他得的是C-plus，所以他感到震惊，所以选择shocked。‎ ‎39. C  考查上下文的意义的联系。for表示原因。英语本来是他最好的科目，然而他的成绩是C-plus。‎ ‎ 40. D 考查上下文的意义的联系。他与教授辩论，但老师无动于衷。 41. B 考查上下文的意义的联系。我不知道这是怎么一回事儿。 42. B 考查上下文的意义的联系。我又与教授辩论，此处的意义与上文arguments的意义一致。 43. B 考查词的细微差别。mind指教授固有的思维方式。View 指对事物的意见。attitude 指对事物的态度。plan 意思是“计划”。 44. C 考查上下文的意义的联系。本段第一句话意思是“在期末考试前还有一次测验，所以他还有一次机会提高他的成绩。 45. D 考查上下文的意义的联系。他加倍努力学习，所以他第一次学习到了“thorough”这个词的意思。"thorough”意思是“完全的、深入的”。 46. C 考查上下文的意义的联系。上文提到他加倍努力，这里意思是“努力也没有用”。‎ ‎47. B 考查词的不同意义。一切的进展和以前一样，went 指“进展”。Stayed 指“停留”。‎ ‎48. A 考查上下文的意义的联系。到期末的时候，无论我获得什么高分数， 都不能去掉三个C-plus 的分数。 49. A 考查上下文的意义的联系。本文第一句话，就提到他希望得到奖学金，这里说的是他可能与奖学金擦肩而过。 50. C 考查上下文的意义的联系。他觉得此课程学得很好了，不用学了。在期末考试的前一天晚上，他看一部电影来款待自己。 51. A 考查上下文的意义的联系。他决定把第二天的考试当作一次娱乐活动。与上文意义逻辑一致。 52. D 考查上下文的意义的联系。一星期后，他惊讶地发现他获得了优秀成绩，立刻跑到教授的办公室。教授好像正盼望着他的到来。 53. C 考查上下文的意义的联系。教授说：“如果我以前给了你所期待的优秀成绩，你就不会像这样努力地学习了”。‎ ‎54. D 考查上下文的意义的联系。我盯着他，意识到他的分析和策略是正确的。‎ ‎55. D 考查不同词的意义差别。work my head off 指“全身心投入”。work out 意思是“做出，制定出”，work over 意思是“打击、伤害”，work on 意思是“继续工作”。‎ ‎ 第三部分：阅读理解 56. B 考查整体推断的能力。老人请求开车穿过市区(Could you drive through downtown?)，然后，她说她要去临终医院（I’m on my way to a hospital.）。在接下来的两个小时，她在车上最后观看了市区的景象，回忆了她年轻时的情景。最后她到达了临终医院。 57. A 考查简单推断的能力。出租车司机听老人说家里没有亲人了，就关掉了计价器。 58. C ‎ 考查推断理解能力。出租车司机没有收老人任何费用，很善良，使得老人感到很欣慰。同时老人也善良，主动要付给出租车司机费用，也使得出租车司机很感动。 59. B 从第二段第一句可以看出，几千年以前，人们捕杀野马作为食物。 60. D 考查对说明方法的理解能力。第四段第二句说明，在人们开始驯养马之前，马的种类并不多。本段第三句就以The Shetland horse 这种马为例来解释本段第二句的观点。‎ ‎61. C 考查细节理解的能力。从文中最后一句可以看出，使用马作为新型、快捷的交通工具，有助于世界文化的传播。‎ ‎62. D 考查细节理解的能力。前四段说明，人类驯养了野马，使得马的种类繁多，这是人类社会对马的影响；最后一段说明，马作为交通工具加速了人类文化传播的进程。 63. A 第二段说明，收取各种礼物的费用，所以contributions指money。 64. B 考查理解深层含义的能力。这封信对Hamilton说明了一些收取礼物费用的好处和带来的一些麻烦，请求他能够理解，所以推断他可能不进行这种习俗了。 65. D 考查理解深层含义的能力。这封信对Hamilton说明了一些收取礼物费用的好处和带来的一些麻烦，请求他能够理解，所以推断他可能不进行这种习俗了。文中最后还说明，这是一慈善的举动，想说服Hamilton 继续维持这种交钱买礼物的习俗。从写信人的语气中可以看出，这是一封表示不满情绪的信。 66. D 考查细节推断的能力。从第二段倒数的三行文字可以看出，他们同学在一起写诗和文章，然后诵读。在学期结束时，他们才形成适当的社交行为。与此同时，他们也停止了写诗和文章的活动了。‎ ‎67. A 考查推断和理解引申意义的能力。从第三段第二句可以看出，他们持有同样的看法。如果他们不走遍(explore)整个伦敦城，他们就不会高兴。从本段的最后一句看出，他们不停地在这座城市里散步，直到他们的失望感消失，才各自离开。 68. C 考查细节推断的能力。从第四段可以看出，他们经常相互写信，从来没有见过面。 69. B 考查细节推断的能力。从最后一段可看出，在作者情绪最低落的时候，作者自己是最好的朋友。(those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.) 70. D 考查概括的能力。整篇文章表达的是作者在不同时期的朋友伴随自己成长变化的过程。说明了朋友对自己的影响和崇高的友谊。 71. C 考查推断能力。从第一段可看出，人们很容易受到节食产品的吸引，就不去思考节食产品对人们身心健康的影响，于是花钱买那些产品。这些产品误导了人们。 72. D 考查推断能力。从第二段可看出，人们非常重视他们的体重，不加任何思考地去购买节食产品，只看是否有节食标签。这说明他们急于去尝试那些产品。‎ ‎73. A 考查细节理解的能力。从第三段可看出，每次我们喝下标明不含热量的饮料，就给我们一个暗示，我们不会增加体重，减肥是很容易的事(we don’t have to work to get results.)。另外，本段的最后半句(and that life can be without resistance and struggle.)也说明了划线部分的意义。 74. B 考查细节理解的能力。从第四段第二句可看出，吃所谓的健康食品，就是阻止人体吸收基本的营养成分。另外，从本段最后一句也可以看出，节食产品没有营养(Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.)‎ ‎ 75. B 考查学生对文章结构的分析能力。文章从两个要点来说明中心观点，这两个要点是1）节食产品对人们心理的伤害。2）节食产品对人们身体的伤害。为了说明第一个要点，文章中用了两个自然段，即第二自然段和第三自然段（分析理解是正确回答此题的关键）。所以，答案B是正确的。‎ ‎ ‎ 第四部分：书面表达 第一节 情景作文     考查学生综合运用语言的能力。本题相对比较容易，因为题目中提供了比较具体的情景，而且是学生常见的语言情景。但要注意表达要点要全面，写本文的要点基本包括以下要点：‎ ‎1. 讨论 2. 爬山 3. 捡拾别人（或收拾自己）的垃圾 4. 投放垃圾 ‎    还要注意表达内容要点时要使用丰富多样的表达方式。包括词汇多样、句法多样，段落结构多样。也要注意描述事实和议论的结合，不能只描述事实而忽视议论。以上是本题获得高分数的关键。请参考下列范文：     Last Thursday, we had a class meeting to discuss where to go for our spring outing. We came up with several choices such as going boating, climbing a mountain, and going to an amusement park. Finally, we decided to go mountain climbing.     The next day, we set off early in the morning. While climbing the mountain, we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view. However, when reached the top, we were shocked to see litter here and there, such as bottles and banana peels. Then we started to pick up the litter. Afterwards, we put the rubbish into the nearby recycling bin and non-recycling bin respectively.‎ ‎    We were tired but happy.‎ 第二节 开放作文 ‎    本题考查学生更加强大综合语言运用能力。题目中只提供了非常简短的提示，给学生留出了很大的发挥空间，这就要求学生的综合素质要强。答好这样的题目要注意以下的关键点： 1）学生要具有很高的英语语言能力。不仅要能够表达和描述事实，还要能够表达抽象的哲理。 2）学生的思维要有一定的深度。能够从平凡的事情中归纳出深刻的道理，并用语言表达出来。 3）学生的思维要有一定的广度。能够从简单的图画中想到很多方面的内容。‎ ‎ 4）学生思考的内容要具备很强的合理性，要符合一般的逻辑。 5）学生思考的内容应该是健康向上的内容，对读者具有激励的作用。‎ 请参考以下范文：‎ ‎    From the picture I can see a pair of proud compasses and a hard-working pencil. The compasses are big, drawing a circle with ease, while the pencil is small, drawing a line with great effort. I think the compasses are reasonable to be proud because no one else can do the job better. At the same time, however, he should realize the pencil has his own advantages. The pencil can do other shapes better than the compasses, even pictures. So in my opinion, while we are confident in ourselves, we should recognize strengths in others and show due respect for them.‎ ‎2009年普通高校招生统一考试北京卷（英语）‎ ‎(满分150分，时间120分钟)‎ 第I卷（选择题，共115分）‎ 第一部分 听力理解（共两节，30分）‎ 第一节 ‎（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）‎ 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一道小题。从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。‎ 例：What is the man going to read? ‎ A. A newspaper.‎ B. A magazine.‎ C. A book.‎ 答案是A。‎ ‎1. How fast can the woman type?‎ A. ‎15 words a minute. ‎ B. ‎45 words a minute.‎ C. ‎80 words a minute.‎ ‎2. Which program does the man like most?‎ A. Sports. ‎ B. History.‎ C. News.‎ ‎3. Which language does Mr. White speak well? ‎ ‎ A. French.‎ B. Spanish.‎ C, Japanese.‎ ‎4. What was in the woman’s missing bag?‎ ‎5. Where does the conversation probably take place?‎ A. In a classroom.‎ B. In a library.‎ C. In a bookstore.‎ 第二节 ‎（共15小题；每小题1.5分，共22.5分）‎ 听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。‎ ‎6. What’s wrong with the man?‎ A. He has headaches.‎ B. He has a runny nose.‎ C. He has a temperature.‎ ‎7. When did the problem begin?‎ ‎ A. Two weeks ago.‎ ‎ B. Two months ago.‎ ‎ C. Three months ago.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。‎ ‎8. Why did the woman make the phone call?‎ ‎ A. To change her appointment.‎ ‎ B. To discuss a business plan.‎ ‎ C. To arrange an exhibition.‎ ‎9. When are they going to meet?‎ A. Wednesday.‎ B. Thursday.‎ C. Friday.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至11题。‎ ‎10. What event will you take part in if you love to dance?‎ ‎ A. River Festival.‎ ‎ B. Youth Celebrations.‎ ‎ C. Songs of Summer.‎ ‎11. What is the purpose of the announcement?‎ ‎ A. To introduce performers.‎ B. To introduce a program.‎ C. To introduce various countries.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第12至14题。‎ ‎12. How much are the double rooms?‎ ‎ A. From $180 to $ 240.‎ B. From $ 180 to $270.‎ C. From $270 to $330.‎ ‎13. What is included in the price?‎ ‎ A. Service charge.‎ B. Breakfast.‎ C. Tax.‎ ‎14. Why did the man make the phone call?‎ ‎ A. To ask for an extra bed.‎ B. To check the room rates.‎ C. To change his reservation.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第15至17题。‎ ‎15. What are the speakers talking about?‎ ‎ A. Picture books.‎ B. Reference books.‎ C. Cookbooks.‎ ‎16. How much is Worldwide Fish?‎ ‎ A.￡12.‎ B.￡15‎ C.￡17‎ ‎17. Which books does the woman decide to buy?‎ ‎ A. Something Fishy.‎ B. Worldwide Fish.‎ C. Tasty Fish.‎ 听第11段材料，回答第18至20题。‎ ‎18. What did Maria do right after graduation?‎ ‎ A. She entered politics.‎ B. She worked as a teacher.‎ C. She worked for her father.‎ ‎19. Where did Maria set up her first coffee bar?‎ ‎ A. London.‎ B. Singapore.‎ C. New York.‎ ‎20. How many coffee bars does she have now?‎ ‎ A. 10.‎ B. 80.‎ C. 85.‎ 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）‎ 第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）‎ 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ 例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. ____, we last met more than thirty years ago.‎ ‎ A. What’s more B. That’s to say C. In other words D. Believe it or not ‎21. John plays basketball well, ___his favorite sport is badminton.‎ ‎ A. so B. or C. yet D. for ‎22. You may use the room as you like ___ you clean it up afterwards.‎ A. so far as B. so long as C. in case D. even if ‎23. Scientists have many theories about how the universe ___ into being.‎ A. came B. was coming C. had come D. would come ‎24. For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit ___ on his own farm.‎ A. grown B. being grown C. to be grown D. to grow ‎25. One of the few things you ___ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.‎ A. need B. must C. should D. can ‎26. –What do you think of teaching, Bob?‎ ‎ –I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ___ you are doing something serious but interesting.‎ A. where B. Which C. When D. that ‎27. The way the guests ___ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.‎ ‎ A. treated B. were treated C. would treat D. would be treated ‎ 28. All of them try to use the power of the workstation ___ information in a more effective way.‎ ‎ A. presenting B. presented C. being presented D. to present ‎ 29. The wine industry in the area has developed in a special way, ____ little foreign ownership.‎ ‎ A. by B. of C. with D. from ‎ 30. When I talked with my grandma on the phone, she sounded weak, but by the time we ___ up, her voice had been full of life.‎ ‎ A. were hanging ‎ B. had hung C. hung D. would hang ‎31. At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see ___ it got any better.‎ ‎ A. when ‎ B. how ‎ C. why D. if ‎ 32. John was given the same suitcase his father and grandfather ___ with them to school.‎ ‎ A. took B. had taken C. were taking D. would take ‎ 33. The biggest whale is ___ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of ___ 9-story building.‎ ‎ A. the; the B. a; a C. a; the D. the; a ‎ 34. ____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog.‎ ‎ A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten ‎ 35. Being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with ___ extra stress.‎ ‎ A. it B. them C. one D. him 第二节 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ James’s New Bicycle James shook his money box again. Nothing! He carefully __36__ the coins that lay on the bed. $24.52 was all that he had. The bicycle he wanted was at least $90! __37__ on earth was he going to get the __38__ of the money?‎ He knew that his friends all had bicycles. It was __39__ to hang around with people when you were the only one without wheels. He thought about what he could do. There was no __40__ asking his parents, for he knew they had no money to __41__.‎ There was only one way to get money, and that was to __42__ it. He would have to find a job. __43__ who would hire him and what could he do? He decided to ask Mr. Clay for advice, who usually had __44__ on most things.‎ ‎“Well, you can start right here,” said Mr. Clay. “My windows need cleaning and my car needs washing.”‎ ‎ That was the __45__ of James’s odd-job(零工) business. For three months he worked every day after finishing his homework. He was amazed by the __46__ of jobs that people found for him to do. He took dogs and babies for walks, cleared out cupboards, and mended books. He lost count of the __47__ of cars he washed and windows he cleaned, but the __48__ increased and he knew that he would soon have __49__ for the bicycle he longed for.‎ ‎ The day __50__ came when James counted his money and found $94.32. He __51__ no time and went down to the shop to pick up the bicycle he wanted. He rode __52__ home, looking forward to showing his new bicycle to his friends. It had been hard __53__ for the money, but James knew that he valued his bicycle far more __54__ he had bought it with his own money. He had __55__what he thought was impossible, and that was worth even more than the bicycle.‎ ‎36. A. cleaned B. covered C. counted D. checked ‎37. A. How B. Why C. Who D. What ‎38. A. amount B. part C. sum D. rest ‎39. A. brave B. hard C. smart D. unfair ‎40. A. point B. reason C. result D. right ‎41. A. split B. spend C. spare D. save ‎42. A. borrow B. earn C. raise D. collect ‎43. A. Or B. So C. For D. But ‎44. A. decisions B. experience C. opinions D. knowledge ‎45. A. beginning B. introduction C. requirement D. opening ‎46. A. similarity B. quality C. suitability D. variety ‎47. A. brand B. number C. size D. type ‎48. A. effort B. pressure C. money D. trouble ‎49. A. all B. enough C. much D. some ‎50. A. finally B. instantly C. normally D. regularly ‎51. A. gave B. left C. took D. wasted ‎52. A. patiently B. proudly C. silently D. tiredly ‎53. A. applying B. asking C. looking D. working ‎54. A. since B. if C. than D. though ‎55. A. deserved B. benefited C. achieved D. learned 第三部分：阅读理解（共20题，每小题2分，共40分）、‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A How I Turned to Be Optimistic I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunt's house, and my mother said that we might soon be leaving for America. We were on the bus then. I was crying, and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. I remember that I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children to which I listened every morning.‎ I do not remember myself crying for this reason again. In fact, I think I cried very little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives. When we were leaving I thought about all the places I was going to see-—the strange and magical places I had known only from books and pictures. The country I was leaving never to come back was hardly in my head then.‎ The four years that followed taught me the importance of optimism, but the idea did not come to me at once. For the first two years in New York I was really lost—having to study in three schools as a result of family moves. I did not quite know what I was or what I should be. Mother remarried, and things became even more complex for me. Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each other. I was often sad, and saw no end to "the hard times."‎ My responsibilities in the family increased a lot since I knew English better than everyone else at home. I wrote letters, filled out forms, translated at interviews with Immigration officers, took my grandparents to the doctor and translated there, and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives.‎ From my experiences I have learned one important rule: almost all common troubles eventually go away! Something good is certain to happen in the end when you do not give up, and just wait a little! I believe that my life will turn out all right, even though it will not be that easy.‎ 56. How did the author get to know America?‎ ‎ A. From her relatives. B. From her mother.‎ ‎ C. From books and pictures. D. From radio programs.‎ 57. Upon leaving for America the author felt_______.‎ ‎ A. confused B. excited ‎ C. worried D amazed 58. ‎ For the first two years in New York, the author _________.‎ ‎ A. often lost her way B. did not think about her future ‎ C. studied in three different schools D got on well with her stepfather 59. What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 4?‎ ‎ A. She worked as a translator. ‎ ‎ B. She attended a lot of job interviews. ‎ ‎ C. She paid telephone bills for her family. ‎ ‎ D She helped her family with her English.‎ 60. The author believes that______.‎ ‎ A. her future will be free from troubles ‎ ‎ B. it is difficult to learn to become patient ‎ ‎ C. there are more good things than bad things ‎ ‎ D. good things will happen if one keeps trying B Dear Friend,‎ The recent success of children's books has made the general public aware that there's a huge market out there.‎ And there's a growing need for new writers trained to create the $3 billion worth of children's books bought each year ... plus stories and articles needed by over 650 publishers of magazines for children and teenagers.‎ Who are these needed writers? They're ordinary folks like you and me.‎ But am I good enough?‎ I was once where you might be now. My thoughts of writing had been pushed down by self-doubt, and I ‎ didn't know where to turn for help.‎ Then, I accepted a free offer from the Institute to test my writing aptitude(潜能), and it turned out to be the inspiration I needed. ‎ The promise that paid off The Institute made the same promise to me that they will make to you, if you show basic writing ability:‎ You will complete at least one manuscript(手稿) suitable to hand in to a publisher by the time you finish our course.‎ I really didn't expect any publication before I finished the course, but that happened. I sold three stories. And I soon discovered that was not unusual at the Institute.‎ Since graduation, I have authored 34 nationally published children's books and over 300 stories and articles.‎ Free test and brochure We offer a free aptitude test and will send you a copy of our brochure describing our recognized home-study courses on the basis of one-on-one training.‎ Realize your writing dream today. There's nothing sadder than a dream delayed until it fades forever.‎ Sincerely,‎ Kristi Holl, Instructor Institute of Children's Literature 56. From the first three paragraphs, we learn that_____.‎ ‎ A. children's books are usually bestsellers ‎ ‎ B. publishers are making $3 billion each year ‎ ‎ C. magazines for teenagers have drawn public attention ‎ ‎ D. there is a growing need for writers of children's books ‎62. When finishing the course, you are promised to_____.‎ ‎ A. be a successful publisher ‎ ‎ B. become a confident editor ‎ C. finish one work for publication ‎ ‎ D. get one story or article published ‎63. Kristi Holl mentions her experience mainly to_____.‎ ‎ A. prove she is a good instructor ‎ ‎ B. promote the writing program ‎ ‎ C. give her advice on course preparation ‎ ‎ D. show she sold more stories than article C How Room Designs Affect Our Work and Feelings Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical(经验的，实证的) basis. They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused and lead to relaxation.‎ Researches show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2007, Joan Meyers-Levy at the University of Minnesota, reported that the height of a room's ceiling affects how people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook.‎ In additions to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence an occupant's ability to concentrate. Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention.‎ Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and it seems to, according to a study led by C. Kenneth Tanner, head of the School Design & Planning Laboratory at the University of Georgia. Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.‎ Recent study on room lighting design suggests than dim(暗淡的) light helps people to loosen up. If that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation. Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax.‎ So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. "We have a very limited number of studies, so we're almost looking at the problem through a straw(吸管)," architect David Allison says. "How do you take ‎ answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalized use of them? That's what we're all struggling with." ‎ 64. What does Joan Meyers-Levy focus on in her research?‎ ‎ A. Light. B. Ceilings. C. Windows. D. Furniture.‎ 65. The passage tells us that ______.‎ ‎ A. the shape of furniture may affect people's feelings ‎ ‎ B. lower ceilings may help improve students' creativity ‎ ‎ C. children in a dim classroom may improve their grades ‎ ‎ D. students in rooms with unblocked views may feel relaxed 66. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably means that ______.‎ ‎ A. the problem is not approached step by step ‎ ‎ B. the researches so far have faults in themselves ‎ ‎ C. the problem is too difficult for researchers to detect ‎ ‎ D. research in this area is not enough to make generalized patterns ‎67. Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?‎ CP: Central Point P: Point SP: Sub-point(次要点) C: Conclusion D When students and parents are asked to rate subjects according to their importance, the arts are unavoidably at the bottom of the list. Music is nice, people seem to say, but not important. Too often it is viewed as mere entertainment, but certainly not an education priority(优先). This view is shortsighted. In fact, music education is beneficial and important for all students.‎ Music tells us who we are. Because music is an expression of the beings who create it, it reflects their thinking and values, as well ad the social environment it came influence that George Gershwin and other musicians introduced into their music is obviously American because it came from American musical traditions. Music expresses our character and values. It gives us identity as a society. ‎ Music provides a kind of perception(感知)that cannot be acquired any other way. Science can explain how the sun rises and sets. The arts explore the emotive(情感的)meaning of the same phenomenon. We need every possible way to discover and respond to our world for one simple but powerful reason: No one way can get it all.‎ The arts are forms of thought as powerful in what they communicate as mathematical and scientific symbols. They are ways we human beings “talk” to each other. They are the language of civilization through which we express our fears, our curiosities, our hungers, our discoveries, our hopes. The arts are ways we give form to our ideas and imagination so that they can be shared with others. When we do not give children access to an important way of expressing themselves such as music, we take away from them the meanings that music expresses.‎ Science and technology do not tell us what it means to be human. The arts do. Music is an important way we express human suffering, celebration, the meaning and value of peace and love. ‎ So music education is far more necessary than people seem to realize.‎ ‎68. According to Paragraph 1, students ‎ A. regard music as a way of entertainment B. disagree with their parents on education C. view music as an overlooked subject D. prefer the arts to science ‎69. In Paragraph 2, the author uses jazz an example to ‎ A. compare it with rock music B. show music identifies a society C. introduce American musical traditions D. prove music influences people’s lifestyles ‎70. According to the passage, the arts and science .‎ A. approach the world from different angles B. explore different phenomena of the world C express people’s feelings in different ways D. explain what it means to be human differently ‎71. What is the main idea of the passage?‎ A. Music education deserves more attention.‎ B. Music should be of top education priority.‎ C. Music is an effective communication tool.‎ D. Music education makes students more imaginative.‎ E Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and ,at its best, it makes little environmental influence. But with increasing numbers of people wanting to escape into the wilderness, it is becoming more and more important to camp unobtrusively(不引人注目地)and leave no mark.‎ Wild camping is not permitted in many places, particularly in crowded lowland Britain. Wherever you are, find out about organizations responsible for managing wild spaces, and contact them to find out their policy on camping and shelter building. For example, it is fine to camp wild in remote parts of Scotland, but in England you must ask the landowner’s permission, except in national parks.‎ Camping is about having relaxation, sleeping outdoors, experiencing bad weather, and making do without modern conveniences. A busy, fully-equipped campsite(野营地)seems to go against this, so seek out smaller, more remote places with easy access to open spaces and perhaps beaches. Better still, find a campsite with no road access: walking in makes a real adventure.‎ Finding the right spot to camp is the first step to guaranteeing a good night’s sleep. Choose a campsite with privacy and minimum influence on others and the environment. Try to use an area where people have obviously camped before rather than creating a new spot. When camping in woodland, avoid standing dead trees, which may fall on a windy night. Avoid animal runs and caves, and possible homes of biting insects. Make sure you have most protection on the windward side. If you make a fire, do so downwind of your shelter. Always consider what influence you might have on the natural world. Avoid damaging plants. A good campsite is found, not made—changing it should be unnecessary.‎ ‎72. You needn’t ask for permission when camping in .‎ A. national parks in England B. most parts of Scotland C. crowded lowland Britain D. most parts of England ‎73.The author thinks that a good campsite is one .‎ A. with easy access B. used previously C with modern conveniences D far away from beaches ‎74. The last paragraph mainly deals with ‎ A. protecting animals B building a campfire C camping in woodland D finding a campsite with privacy ‎75 The passage is mainly about ‎ A the protection of campsites B the importance of wild camping C the human influence on campsites D the dos and don’ts of wild camping 第二卷 （共35分）‎ 第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）‎ 第一节， 情景作文（20分）‎ 假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华，为响应绿化祖国的号召，你班四月十二日去郊区植树，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍植树活动的全过程，给某英文杂志的“绿色行动”专栏写一篇以“Green Action in Our Class”为题的英文稿件。‎ 注意：词数不少于60‎ 提示词：郊区 suburbs 第二节 开放作文（15分）‎ 请根据下面提示，写一篇短文，词数不少于50‎ In your spoken English class, your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it.‎ ‎2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语（北京卷）参考答案 第一部分：听力理解（共两节，30分）‎ 第一节（共5小题，第小题1.5分 共7.5分）‎ ‎1.C 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，共22.5分）‎ ‎6.A 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.B 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.A 18.B 19A .20.C ‎ 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）‎ 第一节 单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）‎ ‎21.C 22.B 23.A 24.A 25.D 26.A 27.B 28.D 29.C 30.C 31.D 32.B 33.D 34.B 35.A 第一节 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分）‎ ‎36.C 37.A 38.D 39.B 40.A 41.C 42.B 43.D 44.C 45.A 46.D 47.B 48.C 49.B 50.A 51.D 52.B 53.D 54.A 55.C 第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，共40分）‎ ‎56.C 57.B 58.C 59.D 60.D 61.D 62.C 63.B 64.B 65.A 66.D 67.C 68.A 69.B 70.A 71.A 72.A 73.B 74.C 75.D 第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）‎ 第一节情景作文（20分）‎ 一、 内容要点：‎ 1、 骑车去植树 2、 植树 3、 安插提示牌 4、 照相 二、说明：‎ 内容要点可用不同方式表达 三、One possible version:‎ Green Action in Our Class April 12 is memorable because our class had a meaningful experience on that day. In the morning, we bicycled to the suburbs to plant trees, talking and laughing all the way. Upon arrival, we began to work immediately. Some were digging holes. Some were carrying and planting young trees. Others were watering them. After getting the work done, we put up a board reminding people to protect the trees. Before leaving we took some photos to record our green action. Seeing the lines of trees, we all had a sense of achievement. We feel it’s our duty to protect and beautify our environment.‎ 第二节 开放作文（15分）‎ One possible version:‎ What an interesting picture! A Western young man, sitting at a table, is ready to eat a bowl of noodles. He is holding two forks the same way as we Chinese hold chopsticks. He is trying so hard to pick up the noodles that he is sweating a lot. At first glance, I think it’s a bit funny, for we Chinese take for granted that chopsticks are the tools for eating noodles. The man in the picture is trying to copy us. Obviously he is doing it the hard way. Maybe using one fork will do a better job, In my opinion, we don’t need to copy others’ ways of thinking. Sometimes a simpler way of doing things may be a better way.‎ 答案：‎ ‎1-5 CABBC ‎6-10 ACACB 11-15 BCBBC 16-20AABAC ‎21-25 CBAAD 26-30ABDCC 31-35 DBDBA ‎36-40 CADBA 41-45 CBDCA 46-50 DBCBA 51-55 DBDAC ‎2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语(北京卷) ‎ 本试卷共15页，共150分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第一部分：听力理解(共三节，30分)‎ 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分)‎ ‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。‎ ‎1. What does the man want to be in the future? ‎ A. A soldier. B. A lawyer. C. A teacher.‎ ‎2. What does the girl want?‎ A. Sweets. B. Books. C. Pencils. ‎ ‎3. When did the two speakers plan to meet Jane?‎ A. At2:00. B. At2:15. C. At2:30.‎ ‎4. what will the woman do tonight?‎ ‎ A. Go to the park. B. Play basketball. C. Work at a bookstore.‎ ‎5. what is the woman doing?‎ A. Offering help.‎ B. Asking for information.‎ C. Making an introduction.‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) ‎ ‎ 听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。‎ ‎6. Where do the two speakers work?‎ A. At a store. B. At a hotel. C. At a school.‎ ‎7. Where does the woman come from? ‎ ‎ A. Brazil. B. Australia. C. Singapore.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。‎ ‎8. What is the weather like in the north tonight? ‎ ‎9. What is the high temperature in the south tomorrow?‎ ‎ A. 15°C. B. 20°C. C. 23°C.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第l0至12题。‎ ‎10. What motivates the man to employ local people?‎ A. To help the local business.‎ ‎ B o To increase the local employment rate.‎ ‎ C. To reduce the number of workers from other places.‎ ‎11. What will the man probably do in the future?‎ ‎ A. Set up a new company.‎ B. Run a training course.‎ C. Lead an easier life. ‎ ‎12. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?‎ ‎ A. Supplier and customer.‎ B. Manager and secretary.‎ C. Interviewer and interviewee. ‎ ‎13. What rule should you follow if you want to enter the sports complex?‎ ‎ A. Wear appropriate shoes.‎ ‎ B. Register on the notice board.‎ ‎ C. Make an appointment with a coach.‎ ‎14. How much is the buffet?‎ ‎ A. £4. B. £8. C. £10.‎ ‎15. What is the purpose of the announcement?‎ ‎ A. To introduce a playing field. ‎ B. To introduce a holiday camp.‎ C. To introduce a fruit market.‎ 第三节(共5小题；每小题l.5分，共7.5分)‎ ‎ 听下面一段对话，完成第l6至第20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听对话前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。‎ ‎ Customer Complaint Form(客户投诉表)‎ Customer ‎ Thompson Electronics ‎ Problem ‎ A 16 delivery：‎ ‎● Printers ordered：25 HW l7‎ ‎● Printers delivered：25 HW56‎ ‎ Cause A computer l8 problem ‎ Solution ‎(解决方案)‎ ‎●Post the correct order l9 delivery ‎·Put a$300 20 0n the customer’S account 第二部分：知识运用(共两节，45分) ‎ 第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题l分，共15分) ‎ ‎ 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎21. at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.‎ A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked ‎22. In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the "r" sounds at the end of the ‎ words .‎ ‎ A. are dropped B. drop ‎ C. are being dropped D. have dropped ‎ ‎23. ---Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel ‎ Department.‎ ‎ --Ah, good morning. You be Mrs. Peters.‎ ‎ A. might B. must C. would D. can ‎24. --I'm not finished with my dinner yet. ‎ ‎ --But our friends for us. ‎ ‎ A. will wait B. wait C. have waited D. are waiting ‎25. I'm calling to enquire about the position in yesterday's China Daily.‎ A. advertised B. to be advertised ‎ C. advertising D. having advertised ‎ ‎26. --I'm sorry, but I don't quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?‎ ‎ --Sorry, I myself clear. We want to return on October 20.‎ A. hadn't made B. wouldn't make ‎ C. don't make D. haven't made ‎27. Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.‎ ‎ A. what B. whose C. which D. that ‎ ‎28. It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they __ for me.‎ ‎ A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing ‎29. Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are everyone's enjoyment.‎ ‎ A. in B. at C. for D. to ‎ ‎30. they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission ‎ procedures.‎ ‎ A. As B. While C. Until D. Once ‎31. I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.‎ ‎ A. who B. where C. what D. how ‎32. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was ‎ __ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.‎ ‎ A. what B. that C. why D. whether ‎33. some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.‎ A. Whether B. What C. That D. How ‎ 34. --The weather has been very hot and dry.‎ ‎ --Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .‎ ‎ A. wouldn't die B. didn't die ‎ ‎ C. hadn't died D. wouldn't have died ‎ ‎ 35. First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get __ second chance to make __ ‎ first impression.‎ ‎ A. a; the B. the; the C. a; a D. the; a 第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题l.5分，共30分) ‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎ I met Mrs. Neidl in the ninth grade on a stage-design team for a play and she was one of the directors. Almost instantly I loved her. She had an Unpleasant voice and a direct way of speaking, 36 she was encouraging and inspiring. For some reason, she was impressed with my work and me.‎ ‎ Mrs. Neidl would ask me for my 37 . She wanted to know how I thought we should 38 things. At first I had no idea how to answer because I knew 39 about stage design! But I slowly began to respond to her 40 . It was cause and effect: She believed I had opinions, so I began to 41 them. She trusted me to complete things, so I completed them perfectly. She loved how 42 I was, so I began to show up to paint more and more. She believed in me, so I began to believe in myself.‎ ‎ Mrs. Neidl's 43 that year was, "Try it. We can always paint over it 44 !"I began to take 45 . I had been so afraid of failing but suddenly there was no failing--only things to be 46 upon. I learned to dip my brush into the paint and 47 create something.‎ ‎ The shy, quiet freshman achieved success that year. I was 48 in the program as "Student Art Assistant" because of the time and effort I'd put in. It was that year that I 49 I wanted to spend the rest of my life doing stage design. ‎ ‎ Being on that stage-design team 50 Mrs. Neidl changed me completely. Not only was I stronger and more competent than I had thought, but I also 51 a strong interest and a world I hadn't known existed. She taught me not to 52 what people think I should do: She taught me to take chances and not be 53 . Mrs. Neidl was my comforter when I was upset. Her 54 in me has inspired me to do things that I never imagined 55 . ‎ ‎36. A. and B. yet C. so D. for ‎37. A. opinion B. impression C. information D. intention ‎38. A. make B. keep C. handle D. change ‎ ‎39. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing ‎40. A. questions B. comments C. explanations D. remarks ‎41. A. hold B. follow C. evaluate D. form ‎42. A. happy B. lively C. reliable D. punctual ‎43. A. message B. motto C. saying D. suggestion ‎44. A. again B. more C. instead D. later ‎45. A. steps B. control C. charge D. risks ‎46. A. improved B. acted C. looked D. reflected ‎ ‎47. A. easily B. carefully C. confidently D. proudly ‎48. A. introduced B. recognized C. identified D. considered ‎49. A. confirmed B. decided C. realized D. acknowledged ‎50. A. with B. below C. of D. by ‎51. A. developed B. discovered C. took D. fostered ‎52. A. accept B. care C. judge D. wonder ‎53. A. bored B. lazy C. sad D. afraid ‎54. A. trust B. patience C. curiosity Do interest ‎55. A. accessible B. enjoyable C. possible D. favorable ‎ 第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，40分)‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，共30分)‎ ‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Goldie's Secret ‎ ‎ She turned up at the doorstep of my house in Cornwall. No way could I have sent her away. No way, not me anyway. Maybe someone had kicked her out of their car the night before. "We're moving house.'; "No space for her any more with the baby coming." "We never really wanted her, but what could we have done? She was a present." People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. And she was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen.‎ ‎ I called her Goldie. If I had known what was going to happen I would have given ‎ her a more creative name. She was so unsettled during those first few days. She hardly ate anything and had such an air of sadness about her. There was nothing I could do to make her happy, it seemed. Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owner's. But eventually at the end of the first week she calmed down. Always by my side, whether we were out on one of our long walks or sitting by the fire. ‎ ‎ That's why it was such a shock when she pulled away from me one day when we were out for a walk. We were a long way from home, when she started barking and getting very restless. Eventually I couldn't hold her any longer and she raced off down the road towards a farmhouse in the distance as fast as she could.‎ ‎ By the time I reached the farm I was very tired and upset with Goldie. But when I saw her licking (舔) the four puppies (幼犬) I started to feel sympathy towards them. "We didn't know what had happened to her," said the woman at the door. "I took her for a walk one day, soon after the puppies were born, and she just disappeared." "She must have tried to come back to them and got lost," added a boy from behind her. ' ‎ ‎ I must admit I do miss Goldie, but I've got Nugget now, and she looks just like her mother. And I've learnt a good lesson: not to judge people.‎ ‎56. How did the author feel about Goldie when Goldie came to the house?‎ ‎ A. Shocked. B. Sympathetic. C. Annoyed. D. Upset.‎ ‎57. In her first few days at the author's house, Goldie .‎ ‎ AI felt worried B. was angry ‎ ‎ C. ate a little D. sat by the fire ‎58. Goldie rushed off to a farmhouse one day because she .‎ ‎ A. saw her puppies B. heard familiar barkings ‎ C. wanted to leave the author D. found her way to her old home ‎59. The passage is organized in order of  .‎ ‎ A. time B. effectiveness C. importance D. complexity B ‎ Open Letter to an Editor ‎ I had an interesting conversation with a reporter recently---one who works for you. In fact, he's one of your best reporters. He wants to leave.‎ ‎ Your reporter gave me a copy of his resume (简历) and photocopies of six stories that he wrote for you. The headlines showed you played them proudly. With great enthusiasm, he talked about how he finds issues (问题), approaches them, and writes about them, which tells me he is one of your best. I'm sure you would hate to lose him. Surprisingly, your reporter is not unhappy. In fact, he told me he really likes his job. He has a great assignment (分工), and said you run a ‎ great paper. It would be easy for you to keep him, he said. He knows that the paper values him. He appreciates the responsibility you've given him, takes ownership of his profession, and enjoys his freedom.‎ ‎ So why is he looking for a way out? ‎ ‎ He talked to me because he wants his editors to demand so much more of him. He wants to be pushed, challenged, coached to new heights.‎ ‎ The reporter believes that good stories spring from good questions, but his editors usually ask how long the story will be, when it will be in, where it can play, and what the budget is.‎ ‎ He longs for conversations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into great ones. He wants someone to get excited about what he's doing and to help him turn his story idea upside down and inside out, exploring the best ways to report it. He wants to be more valuable for your paper. That's what you want for him, too, isn't it? ‎ ‎ So your reporter has set me thinking.‎ ‎ Our best hope in keeping our best reporters, copy editors, photographers, artists---everyone--is to work harder to make sure they get the help they are demanding to reach their potential. If we can't do it, they'll find someone who can.‎ ‎60. What does the writer think of the reporter? ‎ ‎ A. Optimistic. B. Imaginative. C. Ambitious. D. Proud.‎ ‎61. What does the reporter want most from his editors in their talks?‎ ‎ A. Finding the news value of his stories. B. Giving him financial support.‎ ‎ C. Helping him to find issues. D. Improving his good ideas.‎ ‎62. Who probably wrote the letter?‎ ‎ A. An editor. B. An artist. C. A reporter. D. A reader.‎ ‎63. The letter aims to remind editors that they should __ ‎ ‎ A. keep their best reporters at all costs B. give more freedom to their reporters ‎ C. be aware of their reporters' professional development ‎ D. appreciate their reporters' working styles and attitudes C ‎ Pacing and Pausing ‎ Sara tried to befriend her old friend Steve's new wife, but Betty never seemed to have anything to say. While Sara felt Betty didn't hold up her end of the conversation, Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk. The problem had to do with expectations about pacing and pausing. ‎ ‎ Conversation is a turn-taking game. When our habits are similar, there's no problem. But if our habits are different, you may start to talk before I'm finished or fail to take your turn when I'm finished. That's what was happening with Betty and Sara.‎ ‎ It may not be coincidental that Betty, who expected relatively longer pauses between turns, is British, and Sara, who expected relatively shorter pauses, is American. Betty often felt interrupted by Sara. But Betty herself became an interrupter and found herself doing most of the talking when she met a visitor from Finland. And Sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from Latin America or Israel. ‎ ‎ The general phenomenon, then, is that the small conversation techniques, like pacing and pausing, lead people to draw conclusions not about conversational style but about personality and abilities. These habitual differences are often the basis for dangerous stereotyping (思维定式). And these social phenomena can have very personal consequences. For example, a woman from the southwestern part of the US went to live in an eastern city to take up a job in personnel. When the Personnel Department got together for meetings, she kept searching for the right time to break in--and never found it. Although back home she was considered outgoing and confident, in Washington she was viewed as shy and retiring. When she was evaluated at the end of the year, she was told to take a training course because of her inability to speak up.‎ ‎ That's why slight differences in conversational style--tiny little things like microseconds of pause-can have a great effect on one's life. The result in this case was a judgment of psychological problems---even in the mind of the woman herself, who really wondered what was wrong with her and registered for assertiveness training.‎ ‎64. What did Sara think of Betty when talking with her? ‎ ‎ A. Betty was talkative.‎ ‎ B. Betty was an interrupter.‎ ‎ C. Betty did not take her turn. ‎ ‎ D. Betty paid no attention to Sara.‎ ‎65. According to the passage, who are likely to expect the shortest pauses between turns?‎ ‎ A. Americans. B. Israelis. C. The British. D. The Finns.‎ ‎66. We can learn from the passage that __‎ ‎ A. communication breakdown results from short pauses and fast pacing B. women are unfavorably stereotyped in eastern cities of the US ‎ C. one's inability to speak up is culturally determined sometimes D. one should receive training to build up one's confidence ‎67. The underlined word "assertiveness" in the last paragraph probably means __‎ ‎ A. being willing to speak one's mind B. being able to increase one's power C. being ready to make one's own judgment ‎ ‎ D. being quick to express one's ideas confidently D The Cost of Higher Education ‎ Individuals (个人) should pay for their higher education.‎ ‎ A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual. Graduates earn more than non-graduates. Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree. However, only some people have it. So the individual, not the taxpayers, should pay for it. There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of the government. Using taxpayers' money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them. ‎ ‎ Full government funding (资助) is not very good for universities. Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees. He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government. Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work; and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students were similarly lazy. ‎ ‎ If students have to pay for their education, they not only work harder, but also demand more from their teachers. And their teachers have to keep them satisfied. If that means taking teaching seriously, and giving less time to their own research interests, that is surely something to celebrate.‎ ‎ Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the ‎ economy (经济). Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs. If you believe that the government should pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest. Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, who should pay for their university education.‎ ‎68. The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 2 refers to ‎ A. taxpayers B. pressing calls ‎ ‎ C. college graduates D. government resources ‎ 69. The author thinks that with full government funding ‎ A. teachers are less satisfied ‎ B. students are more demanding ‎ C. students will become more competent ‎ D. teachers will spend less time on teaching ‎ 70. The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to ‎ A. argue against free university education ‎ B. call on them to finance students' studies C. encourage graduates to go into business ‎ D. show their contribution to higher education 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)‎ ‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Muzak ‎ ‎ The next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear? 71 It's similar to the music you listen to, but it's not exactly the same. That's because this music was especially designed to relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you don't even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway.‎ ‎ Quiet background music used to be called "elevator (电梯) music" because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new name "Muzak". About one-third of the people in America listen to "Muzak" everyday. The music plays for 15‎ ‎ minutes at a time, with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired. 72 ‎ ‎ If you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters don't want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? 73 ‎ ‎ Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak doeswhat it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. 74 Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.‎ ‎ 75 . They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak!‎ ‎ A. Some people don't like Muzak. ‎ B. The music gives them extra energy.‎ C. Music is playing in the background.‎ D. Factory workers produce 13 percent more.‎ ‎ E. Muzak tends to help people understand music better.‎ F. They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used.‎ G. Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.‎ 第四部分：书面表达(共两节，35分)第一节情景作文(20分) ‎ ‎ 假设你是红星中学高二(1)班的学生李华，利用上周末的时间帮助祖父母安排了去北戴河的旅行。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，叙述你从准备到送行的全过程。‎ ‎ 注意：1．周记的开头已为你写好。‎ ‎ 2．词数不少于60。‎ Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe. ‎ 第二节开放作文(15分)‎ ‎ 请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。‎ ‎ In your spoken English class, your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it.‎ ‎2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷)‎ ‎ 标准答案 ‎ 第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分）‎ 第一节 （共5小题：每小题1.5分，共7.5分）‎ ‎1—5：BAACB 第二节 （共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分）‎ ‎6—10：BAACB 11—15：CCABB ‎ 第三节 （共5小题：每小题1.5分，共7.5分）‎ 每小题1.5分。如出现拼写错误不计分；出现大小写、单复数错误扣0.5分；如每小题超过一个词不计分。‎ ‎16. wrong 17. 3C56/3c56 18. system 19. special 20. credit 第二部分：知识运用 （共两节，45分）‎ 第一节 单项填空 （工5小题：每小题1分，共15分）‎ ‎21—25：AABDA 26—30：DBACD 31—35：CBBDC ‎ 第二节 完形填空 （共20小题：每小题1.5分，共30分）‎ ‎36—40：BACDA 41—45：DCBDD 46—50：ACBCA 51—55：BBDAC 第三部分： 阅读理解 （共两节，40分）‎ 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）‎ ‎56—60：BADAC 61—65：DACCB 66—70：CDBDA 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）‎ ‎71—75：CBFDA ‎ 第四部分：书面表达 （共两节，35分）‎ 第一节 ‎（情景作文（20分）‎ ‎ One possible version:‎ ‎ Lst weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe. On Saturday morning, together with my grandparents, I seached the Internet for the train schedule, the weather in Beidaile, and some hotel information. In the afternoon, I went to the train station and managed to buy two tickets for my grandparents although there was a long queue. After dinner, I packed into the suitcase the things my grandparents reed, such as clothes, glasses, an unbrella, and a map. The next morning, I went to the station to see them off. Waving goodbye to them on the platform, I felt happy for them and wished them a safe jouney.‎ 第二节 开放作文 （15分）‎ One possible version:‎ In the picture, between two closely-lcated buildings grows a big tree. Unlike most trees, this one bends in the middle , struggling all the way up to get more sunshine. The picture reminds me of those who secceed in unfavorable conditions. Faced with difficulties, they never give up but try their best to find a way out. Life can be hard. But if we have the courage and determination, we will finally get the sunshine we want as the tree in the pictrue does.‎ ‎2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英 语（北京卷）‎ 本试卷共16页，共150分，考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分）‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话或独白后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话或独白你将听一遍。‎ 例：What is the man going to read?‎ A. A newspaper B. A magazine C. A book 答案是A。‎ 1. Who answered the phone？‎ A. Mike B. Henry C. Tom 2. What’s the woman’s favourite food?‎ A. Italian. B. Chinese. C. Indian 1. When does the first flight arrive in Detroit?‎ A. ‎5:18am. B.6:10am C.8:50am 2. What is the woman looking for?‎ A. Zoo B. Telephone C. Tennis court 3. What will the weather be like at the weekend?‎ A. Cloudy. B. Snowy. C. Sunny 第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）‎ ‎ 听下面4段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。‎ 4. Where are the two speakers?‎ A. In the hotel B In a shop C. In a restaurant 5. How much did the man pay in the end?‎ A. ‎$115. B. $130 C. $140‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。‎ 6. What did the man do last weekend?‎ A. Watched TV. B. Stayed at home. C. Visited a friend 7. What will the woman probably do this weekend?‎ A. Play tennis. B. Do some shopping C. Go to a dance 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ 8. Where are the new houses?‎ A. On the main road. B. Close to a bus station. C. Near the sports center.‎ 9. What does the woman like most about the new houses?‎ A. The garden. B. The space. C. The quietness 10. How does the man feel about the woman’s suggestion?‎ A. Delighted. B. Disappointed. C. Uninterested.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。‎ 11. What can’t the students do without a teacher?‎ A. Hold parties.‎ B. Complete the Safety Sheet.‎ C. Use any emergency equipment.‎ 12. Why are the students asked to tie back their loose hour in the lab?‎ A. It may catch fire B. It may cover their eyes.‎ C. It may pass chemicals to their faces.‎ 13. What is the speech mainly about?‎ A. Laboratory regulations.‎ A. Safety instructions.‎ B. After-class activities.‎ 第三节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，共7.5分）‎ ‎ 听下面的一段对话，完成第16至20五道小题，每小题近填写一个词，听对话前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间，这段对话你将听两遍。‎ Telephone Cancellation Request Form Account Name Edward 16 ‎ Telephone No.‎ ‎ 17 ‎ Home Phone Plan Nonrefundable(不退款) 18 pre-paid plan Reason for Cancellation ‎ 19 house Cancellation Date Required ‎ 20 9, by 5:00 pm 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）‎ 第一节 单项填空（共15小题：每小题1分，共15分）‎ 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ 例：It’s so nice to hear from her again ______, we last met more than thirty years ago.‎ A. What’s more B. That’s to say ‎ C. In other words D. Believe it or not 答案是D。‎ ‎21. —Look at those clouds!‎ ‎—Don’t worry. ______ it rains, we’ll still have a great time.‎ A. Even if B.As though C. In case D. If only ‎22. By the time you have finished this book, your meal ______ cold.‎ A. gets B. has got C. will get D.is getting ‎23. One learns a language by making mistakes and ______ them.‎ A. corrects B. correct C.to correct D. correcting ‎24. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ______ he could have expressed it differently.‎ A. why B. how C. that D. whether ‎25. George said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he ______.‎ A. wouldn’t B. didn’t C. hasn’t D. hadn’t ‎ ‎26. When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.‎ ‎ A. that B. which C. where D. when ‎ ‎27. _______ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.‎ A. Use B. Using C. Used D. To use ‎28. Many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs _____.‎ A. some B. less C. much D. more ‎29. —Have you heard about that fire in the market?‎ ‎— Yes, fortunately no one _____.‎ A. hurt B. was hurt C. has hurt D. had been hurt ‎30. Our friendship _____ quickly over the weeks that followed.‎ A. had developed B. was developing C. would develop D. developed ‎31. ______ at the door before you enter my room, please.‎ A. Knock B. Knocking C. Knocked D. To knock ‎33. We ______ the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me?‎ A. should face B. might face ‎ C. could have faced D. must have faced ‎34. Do you think this shirt is too tight ____ the shoulders?‎ A. at B. on C. to D. across ‎35. Don’t handle the vase as if it ____ made of steel.‎ A. is B. were C. has been D. had been 第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Inspiration ‎“Mama, when I grow up, I’m going to be one of those!” I said this after seeing the Capital Dancing Company perform when I was three. It was the first time that my __36__ took on a vivid form and acted as something important to start my training. As I grew older and was __37__ to more, my interests in the world of dance __38__ varied but that little girl’s dream of someday becoming a __39__ in the company never left me. In the summer of 2005 when I was 18, I received the phone call which made that dream a __40__; I became a member of the company __41__ back to 1925.‎ As I look back on that day now, it surely __42__ any sense of reality. I believe I stayed in a state of pleasant disbelief __43__ I was halfway through rehearsals (排练) on my first day. I never actually __44__ to get the job. After being offered the position, I was completely __45__. I remember shaking with excitement.‎ Though I was absolutely thrilled with the change, it did not come without its fair share of __46__. Through the strict rehearsal period of dancing six days a week, I found it vital to __47__ up the material fast with every last bit of concentration. It is that extreme __48__ to detail (细节) and stress on practice that set us __49__. To then follow those high-energy rehearsals __50__ a busy show schedule of up to five performances a day, I discovered a new __51__ of the words “hard work.” What I thought were my physical __52__ were pushed much further than I thought __53__. I learned to make each performance better than the last.‎ Today, when I look at the unbelievable company that I have the great __54__ of being a part of, not only as a member, but as a dance captain, I see a __55__ that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow-and inspires people every day to follow their dreams.‎ ‎36. A. hobby B. plan C. dream D. word ‎37. A connected B. expanded C. exposed D. extended ‎38. A. rarely B. certainly C. probably D. consistently ‎39. A. director B. trainer C. leader D. dancer ‎40. A. symbol B. memory C. truth D. reality ‎41. A. bouncing B. dating C. turning D. tracking ‎42. A. lacks B. adds C. makes D. brings ‎43. A. while B. since C. until D. when ‎44. A. Cared B. Expected C. Asked D. Decided ‎45. A. motivated B. relaxed C. convinced D. astonished ‎46. A. challenges B. profits C. advantages D. adventures ‎47. A. put B. mix C. build D. pick ‎ ‎48. A. Attention B. association C. attraction D. adaptation ‎49. A. apart B. aside C. off D. back ‎50. A. over B. by C. with D. beyond ‎51. A. function B. meaning C. expression D. usage ‎52. A. boundaries B. problems C. barriers D. efforts ‎53. A. necessary B. perfect C. proper D. possible ‎54. A. talent B. honor C. potential D. responsibility ‎55. A. victory B. trend C. tradition D. desire 第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）‎ ‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A The Basics of Math—Made Clear Basic Math introduces students to the basic concepts of mathematics, as well as the fundamentals of more tricky areas. These 30 fantastic lectures are designed to provide students with an understanding of arithmetic and to prepare them for Algebra(代数) and beyond.‎ The lessons in Basic Math cover every basic aspect of arithmetic. They also look into exponents(指数), the order of operations, and square roots. In addition to learning how to perform various mathematical operations, students discover why these operations work, how a particular mathematical topic relates to other branches of mathematics, and how these operations can be used practically.‎ Basic Math starts from the relatively easier concepts and gradually moves on to the more troublesome ones, so as to allow for steady and sure understanding of the material by students. The lectures offer students the chance to “make sense” of mathematical knowledge that may have seemed so frightening. They also help students prepare for college mathematics and overcome their anxiety about this amazing—and completely understandable—field of study.‎ By the conclusion of the course, students will have improved their understanding of basic math. They will be able to clear away the mystery(神秘性) of mathematics and face their studies with more confidence than they ever imagined. In addition, they will strengthen their ability to accept new and exciting mathematical challenges.‎ Professor H. Siegel, honored by Kentucky Educational Television as “the best math teacher in America,” is a devoted teacher and has a gift for explaining mathematical ‎ concepts in ways that make them seem clear and obvious. From the basic concrete ideas to the more abstract problems, he is master in making math lectures learner-friendlier and less scary.‎ With a PhD in Mathematics Education from Georgia State University, Dr. Siegel teaches mathematics at Central Arizona College. His courses include various make-up classes and a number of lectures for future primary school teachers.‎ If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. Or you can get your money back.‎ ‎56. What does the course Basic Math mainly cover?‎ ‎ A. Algebra. B. College Mathematics.‎ ‎ C. Arithmetic. D. Mathematics Education.‎ ‎57. What benefits can students expect from Basic Math?‎ ‎ A. Stronger imaginative ability.‎ ‎ B. Additional presentation skills.‎ ‎ C. More mathematical confidence.‎ ‎ D. Greater chances of becoming teachers.‎ ‎58. What can we learn about Professor H. Siegel?‎ ‎ A. He is a guest lecturer at Kentucky Educational Television.‎ ‎ B. He is to deliver 30 lectures in Basic Math.‎ ‎ C. He works in Georgia State University.‎ ‎ D. He specializes in training teachers.‎ ‎59. Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from?‎ ‎ A. A news report. B. A book review ‎ C. A lesson plan. D. An advertisement B Peanuts to This Proudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. Confused, I glanced toward my stone-faced teacher. Having no choice, I slowly raised the report I had slaved over, hoping to hide myself. “What could be causing everyone to act this way?”‎ Quickly, I flashed back to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was the first real talk I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name before. As I searched the name of this fellow, it became evident that there were two people bearing the same name who looked completely different! One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army across America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice; flip (掷) a coin. Heads—the commander, and tails—the peanuts guy. Ah! Tails, my report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter, George Washington Carver.‎ Weeks later, standing before this unfriendly mass, I was totally lost. Oh well, I ‎ lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear, “My report is on George Washington, the man who started the American Revolution.” The whole world became quite! How could I know that she meant that George Washington?‎ Obviously, my grade was awful. Heartbroken but fearless, I decided to turn this around. I talked to Miss Lancelot, but she insisted: No re-dos; no new grade. I felt that the punishment was not justified, and I believed I deserved a second chance. Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the headmaster’s office with my grandfather, now having an entirely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster informed me of my option to skip the sixth grade. Justice is sweet!‎ ‎60. What did the author’s classmates think about his report?‎ A. Controversial. B. Ridiculous.‎ C. Boring. D. Puzzling.‎ ‎61. Why was the author confused about the task?‎ A. He was unfamiliar with American history.‎ B. He followed the advice and flipped a coin.‎ C. He forgot his teacher’s instruction.‎ D. He was new at the school.‎ ‎62. The underlined word “burning” in Para. 3 probably means _______.‎ A. annoyed B. ashamed C. ready D. eager ‎63. In the end, the author turned things around _______.‎ A. by redoing his task B. through his own efforts ‎ C. with the help of his grandfather ‎ D. under the guidance of his headmaster C Decision-making under Stress A new review based on a research shows that acute stress affects the way the brain considers the advantages and disadvantages, causing it to focus on pleasure and ignore the possible negative (负面的) consequences of a decision.‎ The research suggests that stress may change the way people make choices in predictable ways.‎ ‎“Stress affects how people learn,” says Professor Mara Mather. “People learn better about positive than negative outcomes under stress.”‎ For example, two recent studies looked at how people learned to connect images(影像) with either rewards or punishments. In one experiment, some of the participants were first stressed by having to give a speech and do difficult math problems in front of an audience; in the other, some were stressed by having to keep their hands in ice water. In both cases, the stressed participants remembered the rewarded material more accurately ‎ and the punished material less accurately than those who hadn’t gone through the stress.‎ This phenomenon is likely not surprising to anyone who has tried to resist eating cookies or smoking a cigarette while under stress –at those moments, only the pleasure associated with such activities comes to mind. But the findings further suggest that stress may bring about a double effect. Not only are rewarding experiences remembered better, but negative consequences are also easily recalled.‎ The research also found that stress appears to affect decision-making differently in men and women. While both men and women tend to focus on rewards and less on consequences under stress, their responses to risk turn out to be different.‎ Men who had been stressed by the cold-water task tended to take more risks in the experiment while women responded in the opposite way. In stressful situations in which risk-taking can pay off big, men may tend to do better, when caution weighs more, however, women will win.‎ This tendency to slow down and become more cautious when decisions are risky might also help explain why women are less likely to become addicted than men: they may more often avoid making the risky choices that eventually harden into addiction.‎ ‎64. We can learn from the passage that people under pressure tend to ______.‎ ‎ A. keep rewards better in their memory ‎ B. recall consequences more effortlessly ‎ C. make risky decisions more frequently ‎ D. learn a subject more effectively ‎65. According to the research, stress affects people most probably in their ______.‎ ‎ A. ways of making choices B. preference for pleasure ‎ C. tolerance of punishments D. responses to suggestions ‎66. The research has proved that in a stressful situation, ______.‎ ‎ A. women find it easier to fall into certain habits ‎ B. men have a greater tendency to slow down ‎ C. women focus more on outcomes ‎ D. men are more likely to take risks D Wilderness ‎“In wilderness(荒野) is the preservation of the world.” This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved. ‎ As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation(开发) brings to such landscapes(景观) is real. Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans need—the rainforests, for example, store carbon in vast quantities. To Mr.Sauven, these ”ecosystem services” far outweigh the gains from exploitation.‎ Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the opposing view. He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human presence, or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for survival. While the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no further reason not to do so. Being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.‎ I look forwards to seeing these views taken further, and to their being challenged by the other participants. One challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly. And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.‎ This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason. What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.‎ ‎67. John Sauven holds that_____.‎ ‎ A. many people value nature too much ‎ B. exploitation of wildernesses is harmful ‎ C. wildernesses provide humans with necessities ‎ D. the urge to develop the ecosystem services is strong ‎68. What is the main idea of Para. 3?‎ ‎ A. The exploitation is necessary for the poor people.‎ ‎ B. Wildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials.‎ ‎ C. Useful services of wildernesses are not the reason for no exploitation.‎ ‎ D. All the characteristics concerning the exploitation should be treated equally.‎ ‎69. What is the author’s attitude towards this debate?‎ ‎ A. Objective. B. Disapproving.‎ ‎ C. Sceptical. D. Optimistic.‎ ‎70. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?‎ ‎ A. B. ‎ ‎ C. D. ‎ CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point(次要点) C: Conclusion 第二节（共5小题 ；每小题2分，共10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Empathy Last year, researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathy, the ability to understand other people, among college students had dropped sharply over the past 10 years. __71__ Today, people spend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs.‎ Jennifer Freed, a co-director of a teen program, has another explanation. Turn on the TV, and you’re showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting, competing, and generally treating one another with no respect. __72__‎ There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples. Humans are socially related by nature. __73__ Researchers have also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have high self-respect. Besides, empathy can be a cure for loneliness, sadness, anxiety, and fear.‎ Empathy is also an indication of a good leader. In fact, Freed says, many top companies report that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers. __74__ “Academics are important. But if you don’t have emotional (情感的) intelligence, you won’t be as successful in work or in your love life,” she says.‎ What’s the best way to up your EQ (情商）? For starters, let down your guard and really listen to others. __75__‎ To really develop empathy, you’d better volunteer at a nursing home or a hospital, join a club or a team that has a diverse membership, have a “sharing circle” with your family, or spend time caring for pets at an animal shelter.‎ A. Everyone is different, and levels of empathy differ from person to person.‎ B. That could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time, the researchers said.‎ C. ‎“One doesn’t develop empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking,” Freed says.‎ D. Humans learn by example—and most of the examples on it are anything but empathetic.‎ E. Empathy is a matter of learning how to understand someone else—both what they think and how they feel.‎ F. Good social skills—including empathy—are a kind of “emotional intelligence” that will help you succeed in many areas of life.‎ G. Having relationships with other people is an important part of being human—and having empathy is decisive to those relationships.‎ 第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）‎ 第一节 ‎ 情景作文（20分）‎ 假设你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华，校报英文版正在开展“续写雷锋日记”‎ 活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，将你所做的一件好事以日记形式记述下来，向校报投稿。‎ 注意：1.日记的开头已为你写好。‎ ‎ 2.词数不少于60。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Saturday，June2 Fine This morning ‎(请务必将情景作文写在答题卡指定区域内)‎ 第二节 开放作文（15分）‎ 请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。‎ You are discussing the following picture with your English friend Jim. Now you are telling him how you understand the picture and what makes you think so.‎ ‎(请务必将情景作文写在答题卡指定区域内)‎ ‎2012年高考北京英语试卷解析 ‎21. A。考查状语从句连接词。even if 即便，as though似乎，in case 以防，if only要是…多好。‎ ‎22. C。by the time 后接现在时，表示将来之前发生的动作，故用将来时。‎ ‎23. D。并列结构，making与correcting并列。‎ ‎24. C。从句考查，宾语从句不缺少成分用that引导。‎ ‎25. B。时态考点，前半句的would come是过去将来时，但是仍然发生在过去.‎ ‎26. B。非限制性定语从句，which作表语。‎ ‎27. C。非谓语动词考点。tin和use是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。‎ ‎28. D。形容词考点。比较级，根据句意即刻判断。‎ ‎29. B。被动语态。发生在过去的被动动作。‎ ‎30. D。描述在过去阶段发生的动作，强调状态，用一般过去式。‎ ‎31. A。祈使句考点，用动词原形。‎ ‎32. A。非谓语考点，目的状语用不定式。‎ ‎33. C。虚拟语气考点，对过去的虚拟，本能……。‎ ‎34. D。介词考点 ‎35. B。虚拟语气考点，对现在的虚拟用were。‎ ‎36. C。梦想，在第39题之前也有提到，前后呼应。‎ ‎37. C。固定搭配，expose to，引申为越来越多的接触到dancing。‎ ‎38. B。随着作者年龄的增长，接触的食物越来越多，兴趣发生了变化，用certainly。‎ ‎39. D。前后线索。‎ ‎40. D。梦想成为现实。‎ ‎41. B。固定搭配，date back to 追溯至。‎ ‎42. A。作者不相信自己已经被录取了，缺少现实感。‎ ‎43. C。直到自己身处培训之前，都不敢相信自己被录取了，用until ‎44. B。我从未期望得到这份工作，用expected。‎ ‎45. D。由shaking with excitement联系到此空为“吃惊”的含义。‎ ‎46. A。之后面临着许多挑战，用challenge。‎ ‎47. D。pick up 固定搭配，表示学习。‎ ‎48. A。concentration是关键词，前后线索，用attention。‎ ‎49. A。set apart使……与众不同，作者认为自己所在dancing team与其它不同的地方在于对细节的关注和精力的高度集中。‎ ‎50. C。介词考查，修饰rehearsal，有繁忙日程规划的预演。‎ ‎51. B。重新理解了hard work的含义，用meaning。‎ ‎52. A。有动词push为线索，推断出搭配的为界限。‎ ‎53. D。之前想过的可能的强度，用possible。‎ ‎54. B。能够成为公司的一员感到十分荣幸，用honored。‎ ‎55. C。注意后边的时态，has inspired，还有关键词generations of，所以为一个传统。‎ ‎56.C Basic Math包括哪些方面，第二段中The lessons in Basic Math cover every basic aspect of arithmetic.‎ ‎57.C. 第4段中，They will be able to clear away the mystery of mathematics and face their studies with more confidence than they ever imagined.‎ ‎58.B 第五段中，he is a devoted teacher and has a gift for explaining mathematical concepts in ways that make them seem clear and obvious.‎ ‎59.D 最后一段中，If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. Or you can get your money back.‎ ‎60.B B. ridiculous 可笑的。第一段中only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes.‎ ‎61.A 第二段中 Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name before.‎ ‎62.D I lowed down the paper and sat down at my desk,我不知道发生了什么，所以在我发言后，希望知道为什么大家如此反应的原因，即eager to find out what I had done wrong.‎ ‎63.B 第四段中Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year.‎ ‎64.A 第一段中，acute stress affects the way the brain considers the advantages and disadvantages, causing it to focus on pleasure and ignore the possible negative consequences of a decision,可知压力下的人们经常会keep rewards better in their memory.‎ ‎65.A 第二段中，The research suggests that stress may change the way people make choices in predictable ways.‎ ‎66.D 第七段中，Men who had been stressed by the cold-water task tended to take more risks in the experiment while women responded in the opposite way.可以看出是男性在压力下更容易冒险。‎ ‎67.B 第二段中， The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and ‎ the danger exploitation brings to such landscapes is real.‎ ‎68.C He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, but that is not a reason to avoid all human presence.‎ ‎69.A This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason……deserves much more serious thinking.‎ ‎70.D 总分总的结构类型 ‎71.B 后句中people spend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs,所以前句应为原因that could be because ‎ ‎72.D 前文中人们打开电视看到的是fighting, competing, and generally treating one another with no respect后句人们从中学到的是这样的例子，Humans learn by examples.下段中出现bad examples ‎73.G Humans are socially related by nature,人类是社会性的，having relationship with other people is an important part of being human.‎ ‎74.F Academics are important ,but if you don’t have emotional intelligence,于是前句是social skills ‎75.C 怎样提高EQ？let down your guard and really listen to others,one doesn’t develop empathy by having a lot of opinions .‎