【英语】云南省昆明市官渡区第一中学2019-2020学年高二上学期期末考试试卷（解析版）

【英语】云南省昆明市官渡区第一中学2019-2020学年高二上学期期末考试试卷（解析版）

云南省昆明市官渡区第一中学2019-2020学年高二上学期 期末考试英语试卷 第一部分 阅读理解 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Metro Pocket Guide Metrorail(地铁)‎ Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out. Up to two children under age five may travel free with a paying customer.‎ Farecard machines are in every station. Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the stations and farecard machines only provide up to $‎5 in change.‎ Get one day of unlimited Metrorail rides with a One Day Pass. Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro stations. Use it after 9：30 am until closing on weekdays, and all day on weekends and holidays.‎ Hours_of_service Open: 5 am Mon.—Fri. 　　 　7 am Sat.—Sun.‎ Close: midnight Sun.—Thur. 　 3 am Fri.—Sat. nights Last train times vary. To avoid missing the last train, please check the last train times posted in stations.‎ Metrobus When paying with exact change, the fare is $1.35. When paying with a SmarTrip® card, the fare is $1.25.‎ Fares_for_senior/disabled_customers Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. On Metrorail and Metrobus, use a senior/disabled farecard or SmarTrip® card. For more information about buying senior/disabled farecards, SmarTrip® cards and passes, please visit MetroOpensDoors.com or call 2026377000 and 2026378000.‎ Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorail services by calling 2029621100.‎ Travel_tips(提示)‎ ‎•Avoid riding during weekday rush periods—before 9：30 am and between 4 and 6 pm.‎ ‎•If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station please call Lost & Found at 2029621195.‎ ‎1. What should you know about farecard machines?‎ A. They start selling tickets at 9：30 am.‎ B. They are connected to change machines.‎ C. They offer special service to the elderly.‎ D. They make change for no more than $5.‎ ‎2. At what time does Metrorail stop service on Saturday?‎ A. At midnight. B. At 3 am.‎ C. At 5 am. D. At 7 pm.‎ ‎3. What is good about a SmarTrip® card?‎ A. It is convenient for old people.‎ B. It saves money for its users.‎ C. It can be bought at any time D. It is sold on the Internet.‎ ‎【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。在文中作者详细介绍了地铁站的一些信息。比如每位成年人持票可以携带两名五岁以下儿童乘坐地铁；Farecard的购买和使用情况；车票的价格；此处，作者还介绍了一些服务部门的电话号码以方便乘客的需要。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 考查细节理解。根据Metrorall (地铁)部分第二段内容“there are no change machines in the stations and farecard machines only provide up to $‎5 in change.”在车站没有零钱机自动售卡机只能提供5美元的零钱。可知自动售卡机只能最多找5美元的零钱，故答案选D。易错选项为A，文中的 Use it after 9:‎30 a,m. until closing on weekdays是使用farecard的时间，而不是farecard machines售票的时间。故选D。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ ‎.考查细节理解。根据Hours of service的介绍部分“ Close midnight Sun-Thurs.；‎ ‎3a‎.m. ”Sat-Sun可知在周末停运时间是凌晨3点，故选B。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 考查细节理解。根据第三部分对Metrobus的介绍“When paying with exact charge , the fare is $1.35.When paying with a SmarTripⓇcard , the fare is 1.25.”可知如果使用SmarTripⓇcard的话，乘客可以节省0.1美元， 故答案选B。‎ ‎【名师点睛】细节理解型：文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：(1)一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例极少。(2)语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上充分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。(3)语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题，分数比例很大。(4)是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”(三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。(5)事实排序型。这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生、发展的正确顺序。例如：本文中的第1小题：‎ ‎【解题剖析】此题属于细节理解中的（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”(三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。‎ ‎【答案定位】根据Metrorall (地铁)部分第二段内容“there are no change machines in the stations and farecard machines only provide up to $‎5 in change.”在车站没有零钱机自动售卡机只能提供5美元的零钱。可知自动售卡机只能最多找5美元的零钱，故答案选D。易错选项为A，文中的 Use it after 9:‎30 a,m. until closing on weekdays是使用farecard的时间，而不是farecard machines售票的时间。‎ B Derek Rabclo is not the only surfer to conquer Hawaii' s famous Pipeline big wave break, but while all others use their sight to do it, this young professional surfer must rely only on his other ‎ senses. That's because he is completely blind.‎ When Derek was born, over 24 years ago, he got his name from Derek Ho, the first Hawaiian surfing world champion. A surfing enthusiast himself, Emesto dreamed that his son would share the talent of his uncle, a professional surfer. Unfortunately, Derek was born completely blind, but this didn't slop his family from believing lhat he could do anything he wanted, even if that meant becoming a surfer.‎ At age 2, Derek received a bodyboard and the beaches of Guarapari, Brazil, became his backyard. He was always comfortable in the water and surfing was in his blood, but he didn’t actually try riding a wave until he turned 17, when his father bought him a surfboard. His father taught him the basics and encouraged him to keep practicing, but after successfully standing up on the surfboard, Derek knew he needed to become much better if he was going to achieve Emesto's dream and become a professional surfer. So he joined the Praia do Moroo surf  school, where he studied under coach Fabio Maru.‎ Standing up on a surfboard and conquering small waves is one thing, while gathering the courage to take on Hawaii's board-breaking Pipeline is another. But that’s exactly what Derek Rabelo set out to do just months after learning how to surf. Everyone told him it was too dangerous, but he felt he could do it. And he did, earning the praise of famous professional surfers like Kelly Slater and Mick Fanning. Now 24, Rabelo has been surfing the Pipeline every winter since.‎ ‎4. What does the first paragraph tell us?‎ A. Good eyesight is necessary for becoming good suffers.‎ B. Nobody has ever conquered Hawaii’s big wave break.‎ C. Derek Rabelo dreams to conquer Hawaii's big wave break.‎ D. Derek Rabelo is the only blind professional surfer to conquer Hawaii’s big wave break.‎ ‎5. How did Ernesto behave after Derek was born?‎ A. He named him after his uncle. B. He never lost confidence in him.‎ C. He sent him to a surfing champion. D. He started his own interest in surfing.‎ ‎6. After Derek was able to stand up on the surfboard, he_______________ .‎ A. began to try riding a wave ‎ B. was no longer afraid of water C. realized he still had a long way to go ‎ D. knew his father’s dream had come true ‎7. Which of the following words can best describe Derek according to the last paragraph?‎ A. Brave and confident. B. Skillful but proud.‎ C. Thoughtful and modest. D. Courageous but stubborn.‎ ‎【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文主要介绍了Derek Rabclo——唯一一位盲人职业冲浪者，他征服了夏威夷的巨浪。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ D 段落大意题。根据第一段主要进述了虽然Derek Rabclo不是唯一征服了夏威夷的巨浪职业冲浪者，但他是唯一一位盲人职业冲浪者，他征服了夏威夷的巨浪。故选D。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ B 细节理解题。根据第二段but this didn't stop his family from believing that he could do anything he wanted, even if that meant becoming a surfer.可知，Ernesto自从Derek出生就从没有对他失去过信心。故选B。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ C 细节理解题。根据第三段but after successfully standing up on the surfboard, Derek knew he needed to become much better if he was going to achieve Emesto's dream and become a professional surfer.可知，当Derek站到冲浪板上之后，他知道他还有很远的路要走。故选C。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ A 推理判断题。根据最后一段Everyone told him it was too dangerous, but he felt he could do it. And he did, earning the praise of famous professional surfers like Kelly Slater and Mick Fanning.可知，每个人都告诉他这太危险了，但他觉得自己能做到。他做到了，赢得了像凯利·斯莱特和米克·范宁这样的著名职业冲浪者的赞扬。所以可以推断出他是勇敢而且自信的。故选A。‎ C Many science fiction stories tell about explorers arriving in a new world. The explorers then use some kind of high-tech device to test for breathable air or signs of life. But here on Earth, science fiction is becoming reality through a new sampling technology called environmental DNA, or eDNA for short. Scientists can use it to identify rare species or estimate fish populations with just a little air or water.‎ Environmental DNA can be used in two ways. One is to identify the creatures that live in a certain place. The other is to confirm the presence or lack of a specific creature.‎ Caren Goldberg is one of the first biologists to take the technology from the testing stage to actually using it. She sees eDNA as a way to get answers more efficiently and with less destruction compared to traditional survey techniques. Until recently, scientists depended on snorkeling ( 潜水), netting or using an electric current to temporarily catch fish.‎ This newer way to identify what lives in the environment is becoming popular around the world. Animal experts in Vietnam are using the eDNA to find the last, wild Yangtze giant softshell turtles. One researcher on the Caribbean island of Trinidad is using the sampling technology to find endangered golden treefrogs. In Madagascar, it is being used to identify amphibian(两栖动物)diseases.‎ Ms Goldberg has used eDNA testing to confirm the local extinction (灭绝) of a leopard frog in the American state of Idaho. She has also been asked to document the spread of the New Zealand mudsnail in the state of Washington. The creature has been found in lakes and other waterways across the state.‎ Scientists working with the technology say they do not expect robots to replace field biologists anytime soon. But the old-fashioned field work could soon be more targeted.‎ ‎8. Compared to traditional survey techniques, eDNA is more______.‎ A. complex B. eco-friendly C. dangerous D. convincing ‎9. By using eDNA, Caren Goldberg has______.‎ A. succeeded in catching many fishes B. found the existence of golden treefrogs C. documented the spread of softshell turtles D. confirmed the disappearance of the leopard frog in Idaho ‎10. What can we infer from the last paragraph ?‎ A. Robots will replace scientists soon.‎ B. Some scientists are against using eDNA.‎ C. The old-fashioned field work may disappear.‎ D. Many biologists are unwilling to do the field work.‎ ‎11. What is the best title for the text?‎ A. Science Fiction Becomes Reality for Species Surveys B. Biologists Explore Space with the Help of eDNA C. Scientists Found Methods to Test for Signs of Life D. New Technologies Are Presented in Science Fictions ‎【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文，主要向读者介绍了科学界一项新的采样技术——环境DNA，利用一点空气或水识别罕见的外来入侵物种或研究生物的多样性。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中She sees eDNA as a way to get answers more efficiently and with less destruction compared to traditional survey techniques.可知，她认为，与传统的调查技术相比，eDNA是一种更有效、更少破坏的获取答案的方法。由此判断出与传统的调查技术相比，eDNA更加环保。故选B。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Ms Goldberg has used eDNA testing to confirm the local extinction (灭绝) of a leopard frog in the American state of Idaho.可知，通过使用eDNA，卡伦·戈德堡证实了爱达荷州豹蛙的消失。故选D。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段Scientists working with the technology say they do not expect robots to replace field biologists anytime soon. But the old-fashioned field work could soon be more targeted.可知，研究这项技术的科学家们表示，他们认为机器人近期内不会取代野外生物学家。 但是老式的田间作业很快就会受到影响。从最后一段我们可以推断出“老式的田间作业可能会消失。”故选C。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中But here on Earth, science fiction is becoming reality through a new sampling technology called environmental DNA, or eDNA for short. Scientists can use it to identify rare species or estimate fish populations with just a little air or water.“但在地球上，通过一种名为环境DNA (eDNA)的新采样技术，科幻小说正在变成现实。科学家可以用它来鉴定稀有物种，或者用少量的空气或水来估计鱼类的数量。”由此可知，本文最佳主题是“对物种调查来说，科幻小说变成了现实”。故选A。‎ D When you were at school, the last thing you probably wanted to do was spend your weekends going to work. There was homework to do, sport to play and fun to have. But our parents probably persuaded us to find a job to earn some money and get some life experience. When I was a teenager I had a paper round: delivering newspapers to people's homes. I then progressed to a Saturday job in a supermarket: stacking shelves and working at the checkout.‎ Today in the UK you are allowed to work from the age of 13, and many children do take up part-time jobs. It's one of those things that are seen almost as a rite of passage(成人仪式).It's a taste of independence and sometimes a useful thing to put on your CV(简历).Teenagers agree that it teaches valuable lessons about working with adults and also about managing their money.‎ Some research has shown that not taking up a Saturday or holiday job could be deleterious to a person later on. A 2015 study by the UK Commission on Employment and Skills found that not participating in part-time work at school age had been blamed by employer's organizations for young adults being ill-prepared for full-time employment, but despite this, recent statistics have shown that the number of schoolchildren in the UK with a part-time job has fallen by a fifth in the past five years.‎ So, does this mean that British teenagers are now afraid of hard work? Probably not. Some experts feel that young people feel going out to work will affect their performance at school, and they are under more pressure now to study hard and get good exam results-and a good job in the long term. However, Geoff Barton, general secretary of the Association of School and College Leaders, told BBC News that "Properly regulated（控制的）part-time work is a good way of helping young people learn skills that they will need in their working lives." In reality, it's all about getting the right balance between doing part-time work and having enough time to study and ‎ rest.‎ ‎12. How did the author feel about doing part-time jobs on weekends when he was a teenager?‎ A. Unwilling. B. Interested.‎ C. Delighted. D. Angry.‎ ‎13. Which of the following may NOT be the benefit of school children's doing part-time jobs?‎ A. Learning to be independent. B. Gaining some life experience.‎ C. Being prepared for future jobs. D. Spending what they earn as they like.‎ ‎14. What does the underlined word "deleterious" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A. valuable. B. harmful.‎ C. necessary. D. beneficial.‎ ‎15. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?‎ A. Students should spend all their time on studies.‎ B. Students should have as many part-time jobs as possible.‎ C. Doing part-time jobs must affect students' school results.‎ D. It's important for students to balance part-time jobs and studies.‎ ‎【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文为议论文。研究和调查表明，适当的兼职会让学生们学会独立、获取阅历、为将来工作做好准备，同时还要在做兼职和有足够的时间学习和休息之间取得平衡。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。依据第一段When you were at school, the last thing you probably wanted to do was spend your weekends going to work.可知作者认为当你在学校的时候，你可能最不想做的事情就是周末去上班。故作者的态度是不情愿的，选A。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。依据第二段It’s a taste of independence and sometimes a useful thing to put on your CV.…it teaches valuable lessons about working with adults and also about managing their money.第三段 not participating in part-time work...ill-prepared for full-time employment.可知兼职会让学生们学会独立、获取阅历、为将来工作做好准备。故选D。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。依据划线词后调研内容A 2015 study... found that ...可知，该研究表明，雇主们一直将年轻人对全职工作准备不足归咎于他们在上学时没有参加兼职工作。故学生不参加兼职工作可能对以后的生活有害，选B符合题意。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。依据最后一段In reality, it’s all about getting the right balance between doing part-time work and having enough time to study and rest.可知，在做兼职和有足够的时间学习和休息之间取得平衡是非常重要的。故选D。‎ 第二节 根据对话内容, 从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Are you truly happy? Do you ever know what it means to be happy and what it takes to achieve happiness？___16___ The following are a few tips that I follow to create happiness in my life.‎ ‎●Make a plan for attaining goals that you believe will make you happy.Your moods will very likely improve if you are going after something you value.‎ ‎●Surround yourself with happy people.It is easy to begin to think negatively when you are surrounded by people who think that way.___17___‎ ‎●When something goes wrong, try to figure out a solution instead of being absorbed in self－pity.Truly happy people don't allow setbacks to affect their mood because they know that with a little thought they can turn the circumstances back to their favour.‎ ‎●___18___These few minutes will give you the opportunity to focus on the positive things in your life and will lead you to continuous happiness.‎ ‎●___19___ Whether you treat yourself to lunch, take a long, relaxing bath or simply spend a few extra minutes on your appearance, you will be subconsciously (下意识地) putting yourself in a better mood.‎ ‎●Finding the humour in situations can also lead to happiness.‎ ‎●Keeping healthy is another way to achieve happiness.___20___‎ A. There are some tips in life that lead to happiness.‎ B. Spend a few minutes each day thinking about the things that make you happy.‎ C. It's also important to take some time each day to do something nice for yourself.‎ D. These are important questions for anyone who is seeking happiness to ask themselves.‎ E. Being overweight or not eating nutritious foods can have a negative effect on your mood.‎ F. What makes one person happy may be very different from what makes someone else happy.‎ G. On the contrary, if you are around people who are happy, their emotional state will be infectious.‎ ‎【答案】16. D 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. E ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了获得快乐的几种方法。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。前句提出了两个问题，而D选项又提到这些问题对于寻找幸福的人至关重要，故选D。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。前句提到一个人很容易受具有消极情绪的人的影响，而G选项又提到了与之相反的积极的一面，形成对比，故选G。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。后句提到这几分钟会给你面对生活中积极事物的机会，而B选项也有与之相关的意思，是对下一句的总结与概括，故选B。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。后句提到，无论你让自己吃饭、沐浴或只是在打扮上花几分钟，都会使你的心情变好，而C选项正提到每天要花一些时间到使自己心情变好的事情上，与后文呼应，故选C。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。前句提到保持健康是获得快乐的另一种方式，而E选项正是这句话的补充，故选E。 ‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用 第一节 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C, D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ As a teacher．I often make it a rule that when we are on a field trip，there will be no talking aswe enter a building．This rule___21___to entering any place，whether it is a cinema，‎ a church，a theatre, or any other place．‎ ‎ Once，in New York City，I took my class to see a(n)___22___ near Times Square．When we arrived at the theatre，there were about twenty other classes ___23___ outside waiting to get in．The students from the other schools were not___24___ and there was pandemonium(乌烟瘴气)．I told my students to stay in a line and keep___25___．I told them that we would not carry ourselves like those other ___26___． Soon we started to file into the theatre，and it was very disorganized．There was a lady ___27___the groups and get them to their seats，___28___students were everywhere and___29___really knew where to go．My class，observing our rule，walked in ____30____ in two single-file lines． We stood near the door behind everyone else，and we____31____．All of a sudden，the lady who was____32____ noticed us and she walked ____33____our direction． She asked the students____34____the teacher was for our group, and I raised my ____35____．She asked,“Very, very nice to meet you．Come this way．”We were led into the theatre，____36____，and we were given front-row seats．‎ Sometimes____37____for others may not seem like it is going to have an effect，especially when you ____38____no one around who is taking manners into____39____．However，that is usually the time when such____40____actions will be most appreciated and recognized．‎ ‎21. A. leads B. applies C. turns D. belongs ‎22. A. play B. lady C. teacher D. exhibition ‎23. A. sorted out B. settled down C. turned away D. lined up ‎24. A. behaving B. listening C. concentrating D. watching ‎25. A. order B. contact C. watch D. time ‎26. A. places B. seats C. classes D. teachers ‎27. A. scold B. dismiss C. attract D. organize ‎28. A. and B. but C. so D. while ‎29. A. anyone B. nobody C. everyone D. somebody ‎30. A. anxiously B. immediately C. quietly D. hurriedly ‎31. A. passed B. chatted C. rushed D. waited ‎32. A. in trouble B. on guard C. in charge D. on business ‎33. A. in B. to C. for D. under ‎34. A. how B. where C. what D. whether ‎35. A. voice B. arm C. head D. hand ‎36. A. finally B. somehow C. first D. instead ‎37. A. respect B. love C. concern D. support ‎38. A. receive B. visit C. recognize D. meet ‎39. A. practice B. effect C. account D. operation ‎40. A. urgent B. kind C. legal D. firm ‎【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是记叙文。作者一直让学生到一个地方要遵守秩序，在一次看戏的过程中，作者的这个规定展示他的学生的良好的素养，也得到认可，某种程度上给他们带来意料之外的好处。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：这个规定适用于任何地方，不管是电影院，教堂，戏院或其他任何地方。A．leads带领；B．applies利用，申请；C．turns转变；D．belongs属于。根据下文whether it is a cinema，a church，a theatre, or any other place．可知，规则使用于任何地方。故选B。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：曾经，在纽约，我带着我的班级去泰晤士广场看戏。A．play戏剧；B．lady女士；C．teacher老师；D．exhibition展览。从下文的：When we arrived at the theatre，可知是带学生去看戏。故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们到达剧院，有20个班级的学生在排队等候进入。A．sorted out挑选出；B．settled down定居下来，安定下来；C．turned away拒绝入内；D．lined up排队，进入剧院要排队。故选D。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：来自其他学校的学生行为举止不文明，弄得乌烟瘴气，A．behaving举止；B．listening听；C．concentrating集中；D．watching观看。根据下文there was pandemonium(乌烟瘴气)．可知，其它学校的学生举止不文明。故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：我让学生排队等侯，遵守秩序。A．order命令；B．contact联系；C．watch观看；D．time时间。学生排队等候，是遵守秩序。keep order维持秩序，故选A。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：我告诉他们不能像其他班级的学生。A．places地方；B．seats位置；C．classes班级；D．teachers老师。上文提到其它学校的学生不讲文明，我的学生遵守秩序排队等候，因此我的学生不像其它学生。故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：有一位女士组织队伍，让学生到他们的位置。A．scold责备；B．dismiss解雇；C．attract吸引；D．organize组织。根据下文get them to their seats可知，是在组织队伍。故选D。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查连词辨析。句意：是到处都是学生，没有人知道该去什么地方。A．and并且；B．but但是；C．so因此；D．while然而。根据句意前后文是转折关系，故选B。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查不定代词。句意同上。A.anyone任何人；B．nobody没有人；C．everyone每个人；D．somebody一些人。到处都是学生，因此说明没有人知道该去什么地方。故选B ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。句意：我的班级遵守秩序，排成两队安静的走进来。A．anxiously焦虑；B．immediately立刻；C．quietly安静地；D．hurriedly匆忙地。作者的学生遵守秩序，排队进入，因此是安静地进入，故选C。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：我们站在门口等待。A．passed通过；B．chatted聊天；C．rushed急冲；D．waited等待。根据上文We stood near the door behind everyone else可知，我们站在别人后面，因此在等待。故选D。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查介词短语。句意：突然，负责的女士注意到我们，朝我们的方向走过来。A．in trouble有困难；B．on guard守卫；C．in charge负责；D．on business出差。根据上文提到的a lady可知，此处指负责维持秩序的女士，故选C。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查介词辨析。句意同上。A．in在……里面，B．to给……，C．for为了，D．under 在……下面，朝着……方向，用in…direction，故选A。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查疑问词。句意：她问学生我们队的老师在什么地方。A．how怎样；B．where哪里；C．what什么；D．whether是否。根据下文我举起手可知，她问我的学生，老师在那里。故选B。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：我举起手。A．voice声音；B．arm膀子；C．head头；D．hand手。维持秩序的女士在找我，因此我举起手。故选D。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。句意：我们被首先带进了戏院而且坐了前排的位置。A．finally最后，B．somehow不知怎么，C．first首先，D．instead相反。根据下文we were given front-row seats可知，我们被首先领进剧院。故选C。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：有时尊敬别人似乎是没有影响的。A．respect尊敬；B．love爱；C．concern关心；D．support支持。上文说到我们遵守秩序，尊重别人。故选A。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：尤其当你周围没有遇到考虑礼貌的人。A．receive接受；B．visit参观；C．recognize意识到；D．meet遇到。此处与上文其它学校的学生不遵守秩序呼应。故选D。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意同上。A．practice练习；B．effect影响；C．account账户，描述；D．operation操作，手术。take …into account考虑，联系上文可知，我们班周围的人都不遵守秩序，没有人考虑礼貌。故选C。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：但是通常这种善意会被感激和认可A．urgent紧急的；B．kind好心的；C．legal合法的；D．firm坚定的。根据上文可知，我们班的学生遵守秩序，排队进入剧院，是友好善良的行为，被维持秩序的女士感激和认可。故选B。‎ 第二节 语法填空 阅读下面的文章,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。‎ The national college entrance exam in Russia, Unified State Exam, will include Chinese as ___41___ elective foreign language starting from 2019. Chinese will become the fifth elective test item for the Unified State Exam ___42___ (follow) English, German, French and Spanish.‎ The number of Chinese learners in Russia ___43___ (grow) quickly in the past decade, according to a survey___44___ (carry) out by a linguistic research center in Russia.‎ Approaches to learning Chinese vary from person to person, ___45___ more and more people choosing university courses in Russia. The three-hour-long Chinese test will quiz students on ___46___ (they) listening, reading, and writing abilities and a fourth section will examine students on grammar, vocabulary and Chinese___47___(character). Some parts in the exam are even a little bit difficult for native Chinese speakers.‎ The United Nations (UN) in 2010 suggested a Chinese Language Day ___48___ falls on April 20 each year___49___ (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote using all official languages___50___ (equal).‎ ‎【答案】41. an 42. following 43. has grown 44. carried 45. with 46. their 47. characters 48. which/that 49. to celebrate 50. equally ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。2019年俄罗斯高考中将新增加汉语作为外语考试科目之一，这充分体现了汉语在全球的地位不断上升。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查冠词。这里表示“一门或一种选修语言”，表泛指，由于elective以元音音素开头。故填an。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查现在分词。本句已经存在谓语动词will become且句中没有连词，故follow是非谓语动词与句子主语follow构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式following。故填following。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查时态及主谓一致。根据时间状语in the past decade可知，本句需要用现在完成时；由于本句主语为number，因此谓语动词用单数形式。故填入has grown。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。carry在本句中是非谓语动词与逻辑主语survey 构成被动，表示该调查“被进行”，因此填入过去分词carried，carried out…作后置定语修饰survey（调查）。故填carried。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：学习方法因人而异，有越来越多的人选择俄罗斯的大学课程。分析句子可知，本句为with的复合结构作状语，因此填入介词with。故填with。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查人称代词。形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词listening、reading、writing abilities作定语。故填their。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查名词的数。这里表示考查汉字（Chinese characters），character为可数名词，应该用复数形式表示多个汉字。故填characters。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。本空格前面的Chinese Language Day为先行词，后面是一个限制性定语从句，先行词在后面的限制性定语从句中作主语。故填which/that。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查动词不定式。此处as well as连接两个并列的成分，故填入动词不定式形式to celebrate，在句中作目的状语。故填to celebrate。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查副词。这里需要一个副词来修饰前面的动词use，意为“平等地使用所有官方语言”。故填equally。‎ ‎【点睛】抓住定语从句“三要素”是学好定语从句的关键。‎ ‎1何谓“三要素”?‎ 构成定语从句的三个要素是先行词、引导词及引导词在从句充当的成份。概括讲,“先行词+引导词+从句其它内容”就是定语从句的核心。‎ ‎（1）先行词。就是定语从句限制或修饰的中心语(一般为名词或不定代词),一般地英语中定语从句皆是后置的。“先行”之意主要体现在所处的位置上。‎ ‎（2）引导词。从句的标志,定语从句中引导词一方面起关联作用,另一方面还要代替先行词在从句中充当某一特定成份。‎ ‎（3）充当成份。必须明确这一点,引导词与先行词其意义是等价的,所指也是同一的。换句话说先行词和引导词是用不同形式表达同一种东西。要分析引导词在从句中的成份,‎ 就要把先行词回位到从句中,看其能充当何成份,得到的结论就是引导词所充当的成份。‎ ‎2如何分析“三要素”?‎ 例:①The boy who is wearing a hat is my son.(主语the boy后带有定语从句)②I don’t know the girl who is talking there.(宾语the girl后带有定语从句)③He is the man who you are looking for.(表语the man后带有定语从句)‎ 在具体分析时,有三个步骤:一找先行词,二判断先行词在从句中充当成份,三确定引导词。‎ 例如第8小题：The United Nations (UN) in 2010 suggested a Chinese Language Day ___8___ falls on April 20 each year...这句话中有一个定语从句，它是由关系代词which或that引导的定语从句，先行词是Chinese Language Day，它在从句中作主语，因此使用关系代词that/which。‎ 第三部分 写作 第一节 短文改错 ‎51. 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ About a mile from Mark’s building is many old houses. They are all empty and going to pulled down. His father says they are dangerous and tells him to keep away from it. However, he enjoys playing there very much. One Friday on his way home to school, Mark went into one of the empty old house. He saw a door lead down into a small dark room. He went into the room to see where he could find. Just then he heard a terrible crash. The roof of the old house fell down. Mark tried to open the door, but he couldn’t. So that he had to stay here. Mark was saved three days later by a police. They used dogs to find him.‎ ‎【答案】1.is→are ‎2.pulled前加be ‎ ‎3.it→them ‎4.to→from ‎5.house→houses ‎6.lead→leading ‎7.where→what ‎8.去掉that ‎9.here→there ‎10.a→the ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。离马克的家大约一英里的地方有许多老房子，父亲警告过马可不要去老房子里玩，它们随时可能倒塌，很是危险。有一天马可钻进了老房子，结果老房子的屋顶塌了，马可被困了三天，才被救援人员发现。‎ ‎【详解】第一处：考查主谓一致。本句的主语为many old houses，be动词为are。故将is改成are。‎ 第二处：考查动词不定式被动形式。主语They与pull down在逻辑上视为被动关系，所以pulled前加be。故pulled前加be 。‎ 第三处：考查代词。根据句意“他的父亲说他们是危险的，并告诉他远离它们”，所以from后接them作宾语，代指上文中的many old houses。故将it改成them。‎ 第四处：考查介词。根据句意“一个星期五，在他放学回家的路上”可知，介词为from故将to改成from。‎ 第五处：考查名词复数。one of后接名词复数houses。故将house改成houses。‎ 第六处：考查现在分词。a door 与lead down在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故将lead改成leading。‎ 第七处：考查连接词。see后接宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少宾语，且指物，连接词为what。故将where改成what。‎ 第八处：考查连词。根据句意“所以他不得不待在那里”可知，that多余。故去掉that。‎ 第九处：考查副词。根据句意“所以他不得不待在那里”可知，是待在那里。故将here改成there。‎ 第十处：考查冠词。本句特指警察，用定冠词the。故将a改成the。‎ 第二节 书面表达 ‎52. 假设你是李华,你的英国笔友Mary最近在学汉语。她给你发来一封电子邮件,告诉你她对学习汉语兴趣浓厚,并且提高很快,在前不久学校举行的汉语演讲比赛中她获得了一等奖。请你用英语给她写封回信祝贺她。内容包括:1.收到来信时的心情;2.祝贺笔友取得的成绩;3.鼓励她继续努力。‎ 注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;‎ ‎【答案】Dear Mary,‎ Congratulations! I am delighted to hear that you won first prize in the Chinese Speech ‎ Contest held in your school. This is the most exciting news I have received recently. ‎ I would like to express my heart-felt congratulations on your success in learning Chinese. With so much interest you have shown in learning Chinese and the great achievements you have made, I am sure you will certainly do better in Chinese and make greater progress in the future.‎ ‎ If you have any difficulty with Chinese, don’t hesitate to tell me. I will give you any help I can. And I am looking forward to hearing more from you.‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文，要求写一封信。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，假设你是李华,你的英国笔友Mary最近在学汉语。她给你发来一封电子邮件,告诉你她对学习汉语兴趣浓厚,并且提高很快,在前不久学校举行的汉语演讲比赛中她获得了一等奖。请你用英语给她写封回信祝贺她。内容包括：1.收到来信时的心情；2.祝贺笔友取得的成绩；3.鼓励她继续努力。‎ 第二，人称为第一人称。第三，时态为一般现在时、现在完成时和一般将来时。‎ 第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一段，收到来信时的心情。第二段，祝贺笔友取得的成绩; 鼓励她继续努力。第三段，表达期望。‎ 第三步：确定关键词汇和短语: express my heart-felt congratulations，make greater progress ，have any difficulty with Chinese.‎ 第四步：确定较为高级的句子: 省略that/which的定语从句和省略that的宾语从句With so much interest you have shown in learning Chinese and the great achievements you have made, I am sure you will certainly do better in Chinese and make greater progress in the future.‎ 第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接:besides，however，finally.‎ 第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。‎ ‎【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式: 省略that/which的定语从句和省略that的宾语从句With so much interest you have shown in learning Chinese and the great achievements you have made, I am sure you will certainly do better in Chinese and make greater progress in the future.‎ 高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。‎