【英语】2019届二轮复习七选五阅读理解解题指导教案（7页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习七选五阅读理解解题指导教案（7页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习七选五阅读理解解题指导教案 第一课时 一、学情分析 七选五阅读理解使学生低分率和错误率最高的地方，尤其是基础较差的学生，根本无法找到七选五阅读理解题的突破口在哪里，以至于每次考试对这个题的处理办法都是蒙，其结果是有的同学经常会蒙“零分”，对于如此严峻的形式，虽然该部分的题量不大，分值不多，但能够在该题多得分对于学生来说在高考中是一个大的优势。因此，本章节会用一个课时的时间向学生理清解七选五阅读理解的思路，提供有效的技巧训练。‎ 二、题型简介 ‎ 2009年在新课标省份高考的英语试卷中出现了新题型即“七选五”阅读理解题，即给出一篇缺少五个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，根据文章结构、内容选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。七选五阅读理解题符合《英语课程标准》中“提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力”的要求；注重考查学生的逻辑思维能力。阅读本质就是一种理解、吸收、鉴赏、评价文章的思维过程，新题型不但要求考生具备词汇、句子、语段、语篇等方面的知识，而且要有辨证、综合、分析、归纳方面的逻辑思维能力，是阅读的深层理解，也是阅读的核心和关键；题材新颖，具有浓厚的时代气息和较高的真实性，与学生的学习经历和生活经历相适应，与新课程理念下的高考改革走向相适应，与高中英语教学实际相适应，遵循了《英语课程标准》的评价理念，保证了试题的效度、信度、真实性和公平性原则。‎ 三、 教学目标 1. 知识与技能 A． 训练学生解决七选五阅读理解题的技能；‎ B． 培养学生正确把握七选五阅读理解题的解题思路；‎ C． 提高七选五阅读理解的命中率。‎ ‎2. 过程与方法 A． 示例法 B． 讲授法 C． 合作交流法 ‎3. 情感态度与价值观 A． 培养学生的时间观念，合理安排可利用的时间；‎ B． 让学生体验学习的乐趣和成功的喜悦。‎ 四、 教学重、难点 1. 七选五阅读理解题型的解题思路和技巧训练；‎ 2. 七选五阅读理解题型的解题步骤；‎ 教学步骤：‎ Before class：先学任务&Warming up:‎ ‎2008年高考英语（宁夏卷）阅读理解新题型：‎ 第二节(共5小题:每小题2分, 满分10分)‎ ‎ 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways ____71____ Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest.‎ You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report.____72____Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process. ____73_____‎ The following methods may work best for you.‎ ‎●    Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it.‎ ‎●    Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts.‎ ‎●    Write your notes in your own words.‎ ‎●    _____ 74______‎ ‎●     Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written.‎ As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand(速记). When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time._____75_____ ‎ A. Use words, not complete sentences.‎ B. There are three practical note-taking methods.‎ C. You must write your notes on separate paper.‎ D. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later.‎ E. you will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.‎ F. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.‎ G. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.‎ References: GEFAD During class：‎ Step1:七选五阅读理解详解分析 ‎ 分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键，分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。语篇与段落是有区别的，语段是篇章结构的中间层次，是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式，段落（paragraph）是在某些语体（如记叙文、议论文）中比语段更大的意义单位，较小的段落可以只包括一个语段或一个句子，一般来说，一个段落通常由几个语段构成。构成语段的方式有两种，一是靠句际间意义的结合，二是靠句际间的关联词，逻辑性插入语来连接，我们在分析语段层次时，可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断，但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次，好文章的层次非常清晰，只要层层入手，才能真正理解文章。‎ Step2: 七选五阅读理解题特点 文体特点：短文（说明文居多）或对话；‎ 选项特点：‎ 1. 主旨概括句（文章整体内容）‎ 2. 过渡性句子（文章结构）‎ 3. 注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）‎ 干扰项特点：另外两个多余的干扰项也可通过以上三个特点来排除，例如主旨概括句要么过于宽泛，要么以偏概全或偏离主题；过渡句子不能反映文章的行文结构；注释性句子与上文脱节等。‎ Step3：七选五阅读理解解题步骤 一、浏览全文，把握文脉 这类文章通常分为若干小段落，各段落会根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进行不同方面的描述。因此，解题时，应在有限的时间内，通读全文，对文章进行快速浏览，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容；找出每段写作内容的关键词；明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。这样，为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。‎ ‎ 先学任务中的阅读文章分为三个部分，第一部分主要介绍note-taking的好处和需要用到note-taking的场合以及记笔记总原则；“The following methods may work best for you.”及它后面的五个小点属于第二部分，主要介绍了note-taking的各种methods, 第三部分为最后一段，再次提醒note-taking时该注意的事项，文章结构为“总-分-总”结构。‎ 二、理清行文逻辑，关注句子之间连接性词语 ‎ 该题型侧重考查语篇的连贯性和一致性。因此，解题时，应特别关注行文逻辑，除了从语句间的意义关系分析外，还可借助句子之间的连接性词语来把握逻辑关系（如并列关系、递进关系、因果关系、转折关系、让步关系等）。例如，在该题中，第一个段落就分别用到了second, third来进行论述，因此，根据它们之间的并列关系，第71题要选与first有关的选项，以便和后面的second和third构成正常的逻辑关系，答案很明显是G，F是可能选项；在第二段中第72空的后面出现了“Whenever or however you take notes”，但72空之前只出现了“You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report.” 它只能对应后面提到的“whenever”，没有包含“however”，因此，第72空填的内容应该用来对应“however（如何）”，所以答案为E；此外，在最后一段“As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand(速记). When ‎ you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time. _____75_____ ”中，提到了用速记的方法来记笔记，但要用自己能够辨认的符号，接下来让你填第75空，根据本段句子之间的逻辑关系，应该填的内容是“使用自己不能辨认的符号记笔记的后果”，故选D。‎ 三、细读备选项，巧用与文章相对应的线索词 ‎ 解题时，应重点阅读备选项和文章空白处的上下文，圈定文章中的线索词，明确试题考查要素及能力指向，结合选项中的关键词，形成重要的选择依据。例如，第73空前的“note-taking is a selective process”就是的73空的线索词，第73空的内容必须能够解释selective process，这样答案就明显的多了；第74空位于5个具体的记笔记步骤中，所以根据五个步骤中的“Read the text quickly”——“Carefully read the text”——“Write your notes”——“_____74______”——“Note any questions or ideas”这四组线索词，我们很容易得出第74空应该选一个比较具体的“动作”，而不是概括性的内容，所以可能的答案只有A.C.‎ 四、通读复检 ，仔细甄别干扰项 ‎ 在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯合理，各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时，我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，仔细甄别，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。第74空的选择可以有A、C，但仔细甄别后发现，C选项中的“write your notes on separate paper.”，整篇文章没有提到过，也没有暗示过，所以答案选A；然后第71空之前暂定的答案是F和G，经过仔细分析，second和third在第一段中是分别用来陈述记笔记的几点好处的，且都用逗号隔开，从逻辑上和语法上来讲，都应该选G选项；F选项中的“you must first decide what is important enough”与73空前面的selective process相对应，所以第73空应选F。剩余的B. (There are three practical note-taking methods.)和C. （You must write your notes on separate paper.）选项中，B具有概括性和过渡性，但与文章内容相悖，不是三条原则，是五条；C选项比较具体，但与原文没有相似之处，所以为干扰项。‎ Step4: 当堂导练 ‎【2015全国新课标I】 Building Trust in a Relationship Again ‎ Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences. ____36_____ Trust is a risk. But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.‎ ‎ Unfortunately, we’ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we’ve been suffer from, lied to, misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust.‎ ‎ Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore. ____37____ It’s understandable, but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.‎ ‎ ● _____38____Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.‎ ‎ ● ____39____ If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated.‎ ‎●You didn’t lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. ____40____ Instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness. ‎ A.  Learn to really trust yourself.‎ B.  It is putting confidence in someone.‎ C.  Stop regarding yourself as the victim.‎ D.  Remember that you can expect the best in return.‎ E.  They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.‎ F.  This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.‎ G.  Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.‎ References:BEACG After class:‎ Step5: 自辅落实 Exercise1: ‎ ‎ My mother is a diligent and kind woman. She is very busy from morning till night. As a teacher, she works hard. 1 Both my brother and I love her dearly as she loves us.‎ ‎ My mother has been teaching math at a middle school in my hometown. She goes to work early in the morning and does not return home until late in the afternoon. 2 She treats them with patience and teaches them well. For her excellent quality and very good teaching results, she has been elected as a model teacher several times.‎ ‎  3 Every day, when she comes back home from work, she sets about doing housework, sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in good order. She seems to be busy all the time. As she has been very busy working every day, she looks older than her age. But she looks as cheerful and happy as ever. Mother never buys expensive dresses for herself, but she often buys some inexpensive ‎ but high quality clothes for us. 4 She just eats a plain meal outside when she is too busy to cook herself. She lives a busy yet simple life, without any complaints.‎ ‎ Often she says to us, “work while you work, and play while you play. That is the way to be happy and gay. If you do not work, you will become lazy and be of no use to society”. What a piece of good advice this is!    5   This advice of hers will always serve as a guide to my behavior. My mother is great indeed, and I always feel proud of her.‎ A. She enjoys listening to classic music.‎ B. As a mother, she takes good care of us and gives us every comfort.‎ C. She loves her students and cares for them.‎ D. She never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meals.‎ E. My mother is hard-working and never wastes money.‎ F. I never forget it and always bear it in my mind.‎ G. Can you tell us something about your mother?    ‎ Key:BCEDF Exercise2:‎ ‎ Lots of people give you advice on overcoming (克服) fear. 71. _____ However, I want to tell you that a world without fear would be more dangerous, less rewarding. So we want to treat fear as a friend? Here are three reasons.‎ ‎    72. _____ Think about it. Do you get more nervous when you meet the girl (or guy) of your dreams? Which is more fearful, talking to the boss of your company or to some of your friends? 73. _____ If you didn’t have fear to guide you, you might not know that! Not so bad, right?‎ ‎  Next, fear encourages us to take action. Fear is a call to action. In the past, our ancestors (祖先) didn’t run away in fear when they saw a tiger running toward them but tried to kill it for food. Now, most of us don’t face serious danger like hungry tigers every day, but we do face serious bosses or public speaking. So, what can we do? 74. _____‎ ‎       Lastly, fear lets you know you are alive. Why do we like roller coasters (过山车)? 75. _____ Same for horror movies.‎ ‎ So fear can guide you towards what’s important for you and encourage you to take action to improve. Don’t we all need that kind of friend?‎ A. Don’t fear to be wrong.‎ B. It frightens us in a mostly safe way.‎ C. Imagine what life would be like without fear.‎ D. The first is that fear is an excellent guide to opportunity.‎ E. They say if you can overcome fear, you will be successful.‎ F. Let fear provide us with the energy to do what needs to be done.‎ G. Fear is showing you what is important and what matters to you.‎ key:71---75EDGFB Step6:课后反思