高考反义疑问句讲解

高考反义疑问句讲解

大方向教育个性化辅导教案 反意疑问句详细讲解 ‎ 课前热身 ：模块一Unit1-2单词检测 ‎（The Disjunctive Question）又叫附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方证实。反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。‎ ‎1.陈述部分肯定式 + 疑问部分否定式 They work here, don’t they?‎ She was ill yesterday, wasn’t she? ‎ ‎2.陈述部分否定式 + 疑问部分肯定式 You didn’t go, did you?‎ He can’t ride a bike, can he?‎ 请注意以下句型的反义疑问句的用法：‎ ‎1) 陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I. ‎ I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I? ‎ ‎2) 陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。 ‎ I wish to have a word with you, may I? ‎ ‎3) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。 ‎ The Swede made no answer, did he / she? ‎ Some plants never blown (开花), do they ? ‎ ‎4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。 ‎ He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he? ‎ ‎5) 陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用don't +主语（didn't +主语）。 ‎ We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we? ‎ ‎6) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。 ‎ He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he? ‎ ‎7) 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you? ‎ You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you? ‎ ‎8) 陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。 ‎ He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he? ‎ ‎9) 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。 ‎ You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you? ‎ ‎11) 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。 ‎ What colours, aren't they? What a smell, isn't it? ‎ ‎12) 陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。 ‎ Neither you nor I am engineer, are we? ‎ ‎13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。 ‎ Everything is ready, isn't it? ‎ ‎14) 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况： ‎ a. 并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。 ‎ Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he? ‎ b. 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定： ‎ He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he? ‎ He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he? ‎ c. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。 ‎ I don't think he is bright, is he? ‎ We believe she can do it better, can't she? ‎ ‎15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。 ‎ Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (doesn’t he?) ‎ Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?) ‎ ‎16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。 ‎ We need not do it again, need we ? He dare not say so, dare you? ‎ 当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。 ‎ She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she? ‎ ‎17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。 ‎ Don't do that again, will you? Go with me, will you / won't you ? ‎ 注意： Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we? ‎ Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you? ‎ Let's go and listen to the music, shall we? ‎ ‎18) 陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。 ‎ There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there? ‎ There will not be any trouble, will there? ‎ ‎19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。 ‎ It is impossible, isn't it? He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? ‎ ‎20)must在表"推测"时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。 ‎ He must be there now, isn't he? It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it? ‎ 快速记忆表 1. 陈述部分的谓语 疑问部分 ‎ 2. I aren't I ‎ 3. Wish may +主语 ‎ 4. No ,nothing nobody, never ,few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词 肯定含义 ‎ 5. ought to（肯定的） shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语 ‎ 6. have to+v.(had to+v.) don't +主语(didn't +主语) ‎ 7. used to didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语 ‎ 8. had better + v. hadn't you ‎ 9. would rather + v. wouldn't +主语 ‎ 10. you'd like to + v. wouldn't +主语 ‎ 11. must 根据实际情况而定 ‎ 12. 感叹句中 be +主语 ‎ 13. Neither…nor, either…or 根据其实际逻辑意义而定 ‎ 1. 指示代词或不定代词everything ,that, nothing ,this 主语用it ‎ 2. 并列复合句 谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定 ‎ 3. 定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句 谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定 ‎ 4. 主从复合句 根据主句的谓语而定 ‎ 5. Think ,believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导 与宾语从句相对应的从句 ‎ 6. Everybody ,anyone, somebody, nobody ,no one 复数they, 单数he ‎ 7. 情态动词dare或need need (dare ) +主语 ‎ 8. dare, need 为实义动词 do +主语 ‎ 9. 省去主语的祈使句 will you？ ‎ 10. Let's 开头的祈使句 Shall we? ‎ 11. Let us 开头的祈使句 Will you? ‎ 12. there be 相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词） ‎ 13. 否定前缀不能视为否定词 仍用否定形式 浅谈英语的反意疑问句的特殊形式 一、祈使句后的反意疑问句：‎ 祈使句后加一个反意疑问句，使祈使句变得更加委婉。肯定祈使句的反意疑问句通常用will you, won’t you, would you, can you, can’t you等来表达不同的含义。在否定的祈使句后的反意疑问句通常只用will you。‎ ‎1、表示“请求”，肯定祈使句的反意疑问句用will you。如：‎ ‎①Give me a hand, will you? ②Pass me a book, will you?‎ ‎2、表示“邀请”、“劝诱”时，肯定祈使句后的反意疑问句用won’t you。如：‎ Have another cup of tea, won’t you?‎ ‎3、表示“催促”、“不耐烦”时，肯定祈使句后的反意疑问句用can’t you。如：‎ Stop talking, can’t you?‎ ‎4、用“Let’s…”开头的肯定祈使句表示“提议、建议、主张”，其后的反意疑问句用shall we。如：‎ Let’s have a try, shall we?‎ 但是以Let us…或Let me…开头的祈使句后的反意疑问句则要用will you。如：‎ Let us go now, will you?‎ ‎5、否定祈使句的反意疑问句只用will you。如：‎ Don’t take away my dictionary, will you?‎ 以Let’s not…开头的祈使句后的反意疑问句用all right或OK。如：‎ ‎①Let’s not go fishing, all right? ②Let’s not talk about it any more, OK?‎ 二、复合句的反意疑问：‎ 复合句的反意疑问的主谓语要视其主要内容而定，不能一概说以主句为准还是以从句为准。‎ ‎1、多数复合句后的反意疑问句的主、谓语同主句的主、谓语一致。如：‎ ‎①He said he was a teacher, didn’t he? ②John thinks the rain is ending, doesn’t he?‎ ‎③You don’t mind if I go now, do you?‎ ‎2、主句是I think(suppose, consider, believe, guess, expect, imagine, feel, am afraid, hear, say等)+宾语从句时，反意疑问句的主、谓语应与从句的主、谓语一致。如：‎ ‎①I don’t think he will come, will he? ②I heard that he was very honest, wasn’t he?‎ ‎3、并列复合句的反意疑问句的主、谓语应与相近的分句的主、谓语相一致。如：‎ John isn’t a hard-working student, for he has been late for three times, hasn’t he?‎ 三、含有情态动词或助动词的反意疑问句：‎ ‎1、当陈述部分含有情态动词must，其意义表示“必须、必要”时，其后的反意疑问句用mustn’t或needn’t。如：‎ ‎①You must do it today, mustn’t you? ②She must look after her sister, needn’t she?‎ 如果must的含义表示“一定是、想必”等推测意义时，其后的反意疑问句则要依据句中的谓语动词的时态结构采用be/have/did/do+not等相应形式。如：‎ ‎①He must bee ill, isn’t he? ②You must have seen the film before, haven’t you?‎ ‎2、如果陈述部分用了must have+P.P.(过去分词)，但明示或暗示了过去的时间，其反意疑问句用过去时。‎ He must have seen him yesterday, didn’t he?‎ ‎3、陈述部分含情态动词ought to，其后反意疑问句用oughtn’t或shouldn’t均可。如：‎ ‎①I ought to come here, oughtn’t I? ②You ought to go by ship, shouldn’t you?‎ ‎4、陈述部分含情态动词used to，其后反意疑问句用usedn’t或didn’t均可。如：‎ ‎①Tom used to live here, usedn’t he? ②They used to work in the shop, didn’t they?‎ ‎5、陈述部分含有have/has/had to时，其后的反意疑问句用do的相应形式。如：‎ ‎①You have to go, don’t you? ②He has to stay in bed all day, doesn’t he?‎ ‎③I had to keep it well, didn’t I?‎ 但是在陈述句中用have/has/had got to来代替have/has/had to时，反意疑问句用have的相应形式。如：‎ ‎①Ann has got to see a doctor, hasn’t she?‎ ‎②You haven’t got to go to school on Sunday, have you?‎ ‎6、陈述部分有had better/would rather时，其后的反意疑问句用hadn’t/wouldn’t。如：‎ ‎①You’d better not stay here, had you? ②They would rather take this one, wouldn’t they?‎ 四、陈述句主语是某些不定代词的反意疑问句：‎ ‎1、陈述句部分主语是everything, something, anything, nothing时，其后的反意疑问句主语用it。如：‎ ‎①Everything seems all right, doesn’t it? ②Nothing is in the box, is it?‎ ‎2、陈述部分的主语是everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody, everyone, no one, none, either, some one时，其后的反意疑问句用主语they以兼顾所指代的男、女两性。如：‎ ‎①Everybody has got the new books, haven’t they?‎ ‎②Anyone can do that, can’t they? ③No one is interested in that, are they?‎ ‎3、陈述部分主语是不定代词one时，其后的反意疑问句一般用主语one。如：‎ One can’t be always careful, can one?‎ 五、含有否定词或半否定词的反意疑问句：‎ ‎1、陈述部分含有no, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, scarely, few, little等否定或半否定意义的词时，都视为否定，故反意疑问句部分用肯定形式。如：‎ ‎①Few people knew the answer, did they? ②Little Fran hardly says such words, does he?‎ ‎2、如果陈述部分的否定意义只是由单词加否定前缀构成时，其后的反意疑问句一般要用否定形式。如：‎ He is unhappy, isn’t he?‎ 六、陈述部分的主语是指示代词的反意疑问句：‎ ‎1、陈述部分主语是指示代词this, that时，其后的反意疑问句用主语it。如：‎ This is important, isn’t it?‎ ‎2、陈述部分主语是指示代词these, those时，其后的反意疑问句用主语they。如：‎ Those are mine, aren’t they?‎ 七、反意疑问句的其他特殊形式：‎ ‎1、陈述部分是“I’m…”结构时，其后的反意疑问句用aren’t I？如：‎ I am a student, aren’t I ?‎ ‎2、陈述部分是there be或there live, there stand, there used to be等结构时，其后的反意疑问句用主语there。如：‎ ‎①There is something wrong with your bike, isn’t there?‎ ‎②There lived a king here many years ago, didn’t there?‎ ‎3、陈述部分的主语是动词不定式、动名词短语以及词组或从句时，其后的反意疑问句用主语it。如：‎ ‎①Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes, isn’t it?‎ ‎②What the teacher said is true, isn’t it?‎ ‎4、感叹句后的反意疑问句，动词用be的现在时，主语根据具体内容而定。如：‎ ‎①What a clever girl, isn’t she? ②How beautiful the flowers are, aren’t they?‎ （一） 练习巩固 反意疑问句练习（一）‎ ‎1.  You’d rather watch TV this evening, ______? ‎ a. isn’t it b. hadn’t you c. wouldn’t you d. won’t you ‎ ‎2.  I suppose you’re not going today, ______? ‎ a. are you b. do you c. don’t you d. aren’t you ‎ ‎3.  I wish to shake hands with you, ______? ‎ a. shall b. may I c. do I d. will I ‎ ‎4.  Three hours ought to be enough time, ______? ‎ a. oughtn’t three hours b. didn’t they ‎ ‎ c. shouldn’t it d. shouldn’t three hours ‎ ‎5.  They have to study a lot, ______? ‎ a. don’t they b. haven’t they c. did they d. hadn’t they ‎ ‎6.  When the car crashed, your brother escaped being hurt, ______ ? ‎ a. didn’t he b. did he c. did it d. didn’t it ‎ ‎7.  I'm sure dirty, ______? ‎ a. am I b. isn’t I c. aren’t I d. am not I ‎ ‎8.  You seem to be dissatisfied with your present post. I don’t think you judged your ability objectively when you applied for it, ______ you? ‎ a. do b. did c. don’t d. didn’t ‎ ‎9.  That’s the sort of the book you want, ______? ‎ a. is it b. isn’t that c. is that d. isn’t it ‎ ‎10.     All these dictionaries are a great help to you, ______? ‎ a. are they b. aren’t they ‎ ‎ c. are all these dictionaries d. aren’t all these dictionaries ‎ ‎11.     The movie that we saw last week was quite interesting, ______? ‎ a. wasn’t it b. was it c. didn’t we d. weren’t we ‎ ‎12.  Tom has been writing letters all afternoon, but he should have finished them by now, ‎ ‎ ______? ‎ a. hasn’t he b. has he c. shouldn’t he d. didn’t you ‎ ‎13.     David told me that you would take a trip to America, ______? ‎ a. would you b. wouldn’t you c. did you d. didn’t you ‎ ‎14.     There appeared to be no better way, _______? ‎ a. was there b. were there c. did there d. didn’t there ‎ ‎15.     You has some trouble finding where I live, ______? ‎ a. didn’t you b. hadn’t you c. do I d. don’t I ‎ ‎16.     He has his hair cut every month, ______? ‎ a. has he b. hasn’t he c. does he d. doesn’t he ‎ ‎17.     Your friend needs to come earlier, ______? ‎ a. does he b. doesn’t he c. need he d. needn’t he ‎ ‎18.     The little boy dare not go to church, ______? ‎ a. dare he b. daren’t he c. does he d. doesn’t he ‎ ‎19.     Susan’d have worked abroad if she’d had the chance, ______? ‎ a. has she b. hadn’t she c. would she d. wouldn’t she ‎ ‎20.     Everyone’s having a good time, ______? ‎ a. is he b. isn’t everyone c. does he d. aren’t they ‎ 反义疑问句（二）‎ ‎1. You are an actor, ________ _____ ? ‎ ‎ 2. He is a good boy, ________ ______ ?‎ ‎ 3. It was fine yesterday, _______ ___ ?‎ ‎ 4. You were studying when I called you last night,  __________ _____ ?‎ ‎ 5. She is going to visit me, _____ ____?‎ ‎ 6. I am Chinese, ______you ? ‎ ‎7. It often rains here, ________ ___ ?‎ ‎ 8. He likes soccer, _________ ____ ?  ‎ ‎ 9. You have a headache, _______ ___ ?‎ ‎ 10. I called you yesterday, _______ __?  ‎ ‎11. You will go to America, ______ ___ ?‎ ‎ 12. We have ever been to Shanghai,  _________ ______ ?‎ ‎13. His mother is a doctor, ______ ____ ? ‎ ‎14. The dogs are fighting, _______ _____?‎ ‎15 There is a boy in our classroom,  _______ _______ ?‎ ‎17. There were many cars in the street,_________ ________ ?‎ ‎18. There will be robots in our families,________ ______ ?‎ ‎19. Sit down please, _______________ ? ‎ ‎ 20. Please call me, _________________?‎ ‎21. Let’s go home,  _________ ? ‎ ‎22. Let us go home, ________________ ?‎ 教导主任签字：‎ 大方向教育教务处 反义问句答案 ‎（一）‎ ‎1-5CABCA 6-10ACBDB 11-15ACBDA 16-20DBADD ‎（二）‎ ‎1.aren't you 2.isn't he 3.wasn't it 4.didn't you ‎ ‎ 5.won't she 6.aren't 7.doesn't it 8.doesn't he ‎ ‎ 9.don't you 10.didn't you 11.won't you 12.haven't you ‎ ‎13.isn't she 14.aren't they 15.isn't there 17.weren'y there ‎ ‎ 18.won't there 19.will you 20.will you 21.shall we ‎ ‎ 22.will you 23.will you