【英语】2019届二轮复习书面表达专题书信及电子邮件写作指导（8页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习书面表达专题书信及电子邮件写作指导（8页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习书面表达专题书信及电子邮件写作指导 1. 文体特征 ‎ 私人信件是指日常生活中常见的个人之间的通信。信件内容多是叙事、描写、议论、及 抒情等。高中英语写作对私人信件的考查多以记叙或夹叙夹议为主。写信要求文字简洁, 清 楚易懂，语言得体。‎ ‎ 2. 写作指导 ‎ ‎(1) 在写私人信件的过程中首先要采用正确的格式。私人信件格式由下列五部分构成： 信头：包括寄信人地址和写信日期。写在信的右上角。 这部分中有时可省去发信人地址，但一般要写日期。放在信纸的右上方。 称呼：对收信人的尊称，自成一行，顶格写，称呼后面可用逗号或者冒号。 信的正文：包括开头语、信件主体和结束语三部分。书信的格式有平头和缩头之分。正文的 结束语是正文的一部分，常常另起一行 结尾：发信人对收信人的谦称或敬语。写在结尾语的下一行，位于书信的右下角，后面用逗 号。如：Yours sincerely，Sincerely yours，Yours 等等。 签名：签名一般在结尾语的下一行，与结束语对齐。 ‎ ‎(2) 内容：私人信件的目的是最为明确的，或是相互问好，或是交流思想，或是传递信息， 或是研讨问题，或是有事相托，等等。因此，正文的内容除了思想健康、 感情真挚外，还 要主题突出、层次清楚、语言简洁、表达准确。 (3) 语言：写信时所用的语言、 语气要视不同对象、用途和内容而异。还要注意称呼、问 候和致敬语的选用，确保语言得体，语气适宜。‎ ‎3．知能提升 1. 英文私人信件常用开头语 ‎ (1) Haven’t seen you for ages! 好久不见 ‎ (2) How are you these days？/How are you getting on these days？/How are you getting on with your work/studies？近来一切可好？ ‎ ‎(3)Glad to hear from you. /I was so glad/pleased/happy to receive your letter. 很高兴收到你的来 信。 ‎ ‎(4) It is delightful news for me to learn that…/ I’m delighted to learn that…听到……的消息我太 高兴了。‎ ‎ (5) Thank you for your wonderful gift/your interesting letter. 谢谢你精美的礼物/有趣的来信。 ‎ ‎(6) Many thanks for your kind hospitality and the honor you showed me during… 感谢您在…… 期间的热情款待。。‎ ‎ (7) I am sorry that I have not written to you for such a long time，but…很抱歉，很久没给你写信 了，因为我……(原因)。 (8) Please accept my apology for… 请允许我对我的……过错向你表示歉意。 ‎ ‎2. 英文私人信件常用结尾篇 ‎ ‎(1) I am looking forward to hearing from you soon. /Look forward to your favorite reply. 期盼尽 快收到您的回信。 ‎ ‎(2) I will appreciate it if you would give me…如果您能给我……我将非常感谢。 ‎ ‎(3) That’s all! Thank you. 就这么多，谢谢。 ‎ ‎（4) Please give my regards to your family./ Please remember me to your whole family.请代我向你 的家人问好。 ‎ ‎(5) Best wishes.万事如意。 I hope you will join us in the coming trip. 我希望你能加入即将到来的旅行。 ‎ ‎(6) Wish you a …祝你……。 ‎ ‎(7) Thanks and all the best. 谢谢并祝万事如意。 ‎ ‎(8) I would be very grateful if you would consider my…如果您考虑我……的话，我将非常感激。 ‎ ‎3. 常用书信的客套语 ‎ ‎(1) 问候 How are you? 你好吗 I haven’t heard from you for ages. How are you doing? 多年没收到你的来信，一切还好吗？ I haven’t seen you for such a long time. How are you getting along with your work? 很久不见， 工作还顺利吗 ‎ ‎(2) 祝贺 Congratulations on your… 恭喜您关于… We are pleased to learn that… 我们很高兴得知…… ‎ ‎(3) 致谢 I truly appreciate it. 我真的很感激。 Thank you very much for everything you’ve done for me. 谢谢你为我做的一切。 ‎ ‎(5) 邀请 Is there any chance of your coming to have dinner with us at our home?/ We are wondering if you could come to have dinner with us at our home.不知我们能否有这个机会邀您在我家共进晚 餐？ ‎ ‎(6) 接受邀请 I’m delighted to accept your invitation.我非常高兴地接受您的邀请。 Thanks for your invitation. I’m certainly looking forward to joining you.谢谢您的邀请，我盼望着 能和你们在一起。 ‎ ‎(7) 拒绝邀请 I’m sincerely sorry that we can’t join your dinner party. 很遗憾，我不能参加您的晚宴。 I regret to say “no” to your invitation. 很遗憾，我得对您的邀请说抱歉。 Thank you for your invitation but unfortunately…谢谢您的邀请，可是我…… ‎ ‎(8) 请求 We would be grateful if you could…我们会很感激如果你可以… I could appreciate it if you could… 我会很感激如果你可以… If you wish, we would be happy to… 如果你希望，我们很乐意 ‎ ‎(9) 抱歉 I’m sorry about last time. 关于上次的事我很抱歉。 I’m awfully sorry for giving you so much trouble. 很抱歉给你带来这么多麻烦。 ‎ ‎(10) 同情和遗憾 We are sorry to inform you that… 我们很抱歉地通知你……。 I’m afraid I have some bad news. 我恐怕要带来一些坏消息。 I can’t tell you how sad I felt when I heard of…当我听到……时，我很难过。 I was so sorry/ upset to learn that you…听说……，我非常难过/不安 ‎ ‎(11) 允诺 Please contact me if you have any problem. 如有问题，请随时和我联系。 Please let me know if there’s anything I can do to help. 请让我知道任何我能帮得上忙的地方。 ‎ ‎(12) 祝福 I hope everything goes well with you. /I wish you all the best.希望您一切都好/万事如意。 Hope you have a good trip back. 祝旅途愉快。 3. 模板参考 Dear ______ , ①Thank you for your last letter! ②I am so pleased to hear that________（具体事情）. ③You must be ______(表示心情). ④ And I feel very happy for you, too. Please accept ‎ my sincere congratulations on your______. ⑤______（所取得的成绩）is quite exciting news! ⑥I know more than anyone else how much effort you have put in and I am very proud of you for your achievement. ⑦It is a reward for your ______（优点）. ⑧What’s more, I hope you can ______（表达期望）and I also believe that ________ (表祝愿). ⑨My best wishes for your further success. Yours sincerely, ⑩ (签名)‎ ‎ 典例学习 (1) 假定你是李华，从小喜爱大熊猫, 一直通过有关网站(website)关注三年前在美国圣迭哥动物 园出生的大熊猫“苏琳”和她的母亲“白云”。现在苏琳即将三岁。请根据以下要点给动物园工 作人员写一封信： 1. 自我介绍；2.祝贺苏琳生日；3.感谢工作人员；4.索取苏琳三岁生日照。 注意：1、词数 100 左右；2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3、开头语已为你写好。 Dear Sir/Madam, Greetings from China! __________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Yours truly, Li Hua ‎ ‎【审题谋篇】 【遣词造句】 1. 词汇精练 ①熊猫爱好者 a panda lover ②关注 pay attention to ③生产 give birth to ④将要 be going to 第一步 定体裁格式 第三步 列要点信息 第二步 定时态人称 祝贺信格式 一般现在时；第一人称 1.自我介绍，我是李华。 2.一直在网站上关注熊猫母子的消息。 3.祝贺苏琳生日 4.感谢工作人员照顾 5.索取苏琳的生日照片 ⑤欣喜快乐的 delighted ⑥祝福某人… wish sb sth ⑦感谢 appreciate; thank ⑧某人的照片 a photo of sb 2. 佳句锤炼 ①三年前，获悉大熊猫“白云”在美国圣迭哥动物园生下了熊猫宝宝“苏琳”，我很高兴。 a. (一般表达) About three years ago, when I learned that Baiyun gave birth to her daughter Suli, I was very delighted. b. (用 be delighted to do 改写句子) About three years ago I was delighted to learn that Baiyun gave birth to her daughter Sulin. c. (使用形式主语 it) It was delightful for me to learn that Baiyun gave birth to her daughter Sulin about three years ago ② 顺便问一下，可以给我一张苏琳 3 岁生日那天拍的照片吗？ a. (定语从句) By the way, could I have a photo of Sulin which is taken on her third birthday? b. (分词短语做定语) By the way, could I have a photo of Sulin taken on her third birthday? ③ 谢谢你们辛苦的工作。 a. (用 thank 完成句子) Thank you for your hard work. c. (用 appreciate 完成句子) I really appreciate your hard work. b. (根据需要完成句子) I’d like to express my thanks for your hard work. ④感谢你们辛苦的工作，正因为此，苏琳和她的父母才能再美国过上幸福健康的生活。 a. (一般表达) Thanks for your hard work, and because of it Sulin and her parents are living a happy and healthy life in the US. b.(定语从句) Thanks for your hard work, because of which Sulin and her parents are living a happy and healthy life in the US. ‎ ‎【学生习作展评】 习作展示 阅卷点评及修改建议 Dear Sir/Madam, Greetings from China! ① I am a high school student from No.1Middle School. ②I write this letter to celebrate Sulin’s three birthday. ‎ ‎③I like pandas since I was a child. ④ I have been putting attention to Sulin and Baiyun for three years on your website. ⑤Thank you for taking care of them. ⑥I think you may feel tired but also feel very interested, right? ⑦I always dream that if I were you, I would become a happiness girl. ⑧Finally, I hope that I can get a Sulin’s three birthday photo, could you give it to me? ⑨I look forward to hearing from you soon. Yours truly, Li Hua 本文为 4 档（良好档）作文，总分 30 分，本文可评为 19 分。具体分析如下： 一、内容结构上 文章涵盖了大部分要点内容，不足之处是文章个别地方 过渡得不够自然，信息不够明确。 二、语言运用上 1.语言不够地道，部分用词不准确。如第②句中的 three birthday 应改成 Sulin’s three-year-old birthday 或者是 Sulin’s third birthday。第⑤句中的 put attention to 应 改成 pay attention to。 2. 时态运用不熟练，出现几处错误。如第②句中的“正 在写信”，用进行时 am writing 比一般现在时 write 更准确、恰当。第③句中出现了“since”一词，主句 应用现在完成时态。 3. 文章过渡不自然。如第⑤句和第⑥句之间加上一个过 渡句 I know that they live happily in your zoo，上下文 意就流畅多了。 4. 个别语法错误。如第⑦句修饰名词“girl”，不应该 用名词“happiness”，而应该用形容词“happy”。第⑧ 句中的 it 应该为 one,此处是泛指。‎ ‎ 【满分作文赏析】 满分作文 名师点评 Dear Sir/ Madam, Greetings from China! ①I’m Li Hua, a student in Sichuan. ②I’ve been a panda lover since I was a child. ③About three years ago I was delighted to learn that Baiyun gave birth to her daughter Sulin and I’ve been watching her grow on your website. ④Now she’s going to be three. ⑤I’d like to wish her a happy birthday and to express my thanks to you for your hard work, because of which Sulin and her parents are living a happy and healthy life in the US. ⑥By the way, could I have a photo of Sulin taken on her third birthday? ⑦Thank you very much in advance. Yours truly, Li Hua ‎ ‎1.这封信格式正确，要点完整；行文规范，描 述有条不紊；语言活泼，感情真挚，表达到 位。洋溢着作者因大熊猫得到精心照顾而对 美方人员的感激之情，以及希望自己愿望成 真，得到照片的希冀之情。 2. 用词准确贴切，表达地道。如第②句中 a panda lover，第③句中 delighted 和 gave birth to 的使用都显示了作者灵活运用语言的能 力。 3. 句式多变，语法结构丰富，显示了作者很 强的语言运用能力。如第①句中 I’m Li Hua, a student in Sichuan，使用同位语结构简洁地做 了自我介绍，如第⑤句中 because of which 使 用了非限制性定语从句 4.时态运用准确。文中时态极为准确，显示了 作者很强的语法功底。 (2) 假定你是李华。你班同学决定为刘睿举办生日聚会。请你写信邀请外教 Susan 参加，要 点包括： 时间：周五晚 8 点至 9 点 地点：学生俱乐部 内容：生日歌、蛋糕、游戏等 要求：备小礼物 注意：1.词数 100 左右，开头语已为你写好； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； ‎ ‎【审题谋篇】 【遣词造句】 1. 词汇精练 ① 参加 ② 方便的 ③ 举行 ④ 以…开始 ⑤ 准备东西 ⑥ 分享某物 ⑦ 而且 ⑧ 学生俱乐部 2. 佳句锤炼 ①要是你方便的话，请您来参加晚会。（在横线上填入恰当的词汇，完成句子） I ‎ hope you can come and join us . ② 晚会以生日快乐歌开始，祝刘睿幸福健康 第一步 定体裁格式 第三步 列要点信息 第二步 定时态人称 邀请信 一般将来时 第一人称 ‎ 1. 邀请外教 Susan 来参加晚会； 2. 晚会将于周五晚 8 点至 9 点在学生俱乐部举行； 3. 晚会活动：生日歌、蛋糕、游戏等； 4. 请捎带生日礼物； a.一般表达：The party will begin with a “Happy Birthday” song and wish Liurui happy and healthy b.高级表达：（用现在分词做状语来合并上句） The party will begin with a “ Happy Birthday” song , . ③蜡烛点亮的时候我们给他唱生日快乐歌。 一般表达：we’ll sing “Happy Birthday” to him when the candles are on. 高 级 表 达 ：（ 用 with 复合结构 改写上 句） . ‎ ‎【学生习作展评】 习作展示 阅卷点评 ‎ Hi, Susan, We’re throwing a surprise party for Liurui’s birthday. ①I hope you can come and take part in it. ②The party will be taken place at the Students’ Club from 8 p. m. this Friday. ③It will last about one hour. ④It is a surprise for Liurui, and you’d better prepare a little gift when you will come.⑤ The party will begin with a “Happy Birthday” song, wishing Liurui happy and healthy. ⑥When the song is over, we will enjoy the delicious birthday cake. ⑦ We’ll play some games for pleasure. ⑧ It’s sure everybody will have a good time and regard it as an unforgettable experience. Yours, Li Hua 本文为 2 档作文，总分 30 分，本文可评为 23 分。 具体分析如下： 一、内容结构上 本文内容完整，要点齐全，语意连贯，结构清晰。 二、语言运用上 1. 词汇运用较准确。有部分词汇使用错误。如第 ①句中的 take part in 应改为 attend 或 join, 2.语法运用较熟练。个别语法错误。如第②句中 的 be taken place 应改为主动语态 take place，第 ④句中的 will 去掉。 3.能灵活使用各种句式。如第①句的宾语从句， 第⑤句中 wishing Liurui happy and healthy的现在 分词短语作状语。第⑥句中用了 when 引导的时 间状语从句。 4.衔接过渡不够灵活。如第④句前面可加上 Since, now that 之类的词。在第⑦句前面加上 Besides，就会使文章更加多彩，不显单调。‎ ‎ 【满分作文赏析】 满分作文 名师点评 Hi, Susan, We’re throwing a surprise party for Liurui’s birthday. ①I hope you can come and join us if it is convenient to you. ②The party will take place on Friday evening from 8 p.m. to 9 p.m. at the Students’ Club. ③ During the party, we’ll sing “Happy Birthday” to him with the candle on. ④I am sure Liurui will be very happy and moved. ⑤After that, we’ll cut the birthday cake prepared for him in advance and share it together. ⑥What’s more, he likes music so we decide to sing songs and play some games afterwards. ⑦By the way, don’t forget to prepare a little gift when you come. ⑧I am sure we’ll enjoy ourselves together. ⑨ We are looking forward to your coming. ‎ ‎1. 全文内容完整，思路清晰，要点连贯， 行文结构十分明晰。 2. 能熟练运用词汇，语言地道。如第① 句中 if it is convenient to you，第②句中 take place，第⑤中的 share，这些都表明 了作者对词汇的运用能力。‎ ‎ 3.句式多样，运用灵活。如第①句中使用 了if条件状语从句，第③句中运用了with 复合结构，第⑤句中 prepared for him in advance 是过去分词短语作定语，这些句 型的运用丰富了文章的语言结构。 3. 上下文过渡自然，衔接词用得恰到好 处。如第⑤句中的 After that，第⑥句中 的 What’s more，第⑦句中的 By the way， 显示了作者娴熟的语言运用能力。 Yours, Li Hua ‎ 跟踪演练 1 假设你叫刘红，在街上碰到好友王平的父母，从而得知王平以优异的成绩毕业于哈佛大学 (Harvard University)，并被授予科学博士学位。你写信向王平表示祝贺，并祝贺她在计算机 方面取得的成绩。告诉她许多朋友听到这消息都感到十分高兴，她的父母也以此为荣，希望 她早日回来报效祖国。 注意：1.不要逐句翻译提示内容，文章要连贯； 2. 字数 100 左右。 3. 信的开头和结尾已为你写好。 Dear Wang Ping; I am really glad to learn that ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‎ ‎ Yours, Liu Hong ‎ ‎2 用英语介绍美国当选总统巴拉克.奥巴马 1. 姓名：巴拉克·奥巴马 （ Barack Obama ） 2. 出生时间：1961 年 8 月 4 日 3. 出生地点：夏威夷(Hawaii) 4. 教育：1988 考入哈佛法学院(Harvard Law School), 1991 年获博士学位 5. 职业：小时梦想当总统；毕业后当律师、大学讲师，后来从政。2008 年 11 用 4 日，在大 选（ the general election ）中击败麦凯恩（John McCain ），成为首位黑人(African American) 总统。 注意：1. 内容应包括上述要点，但不要逐句翻译,可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 2. 字数 100 左右。 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ‎ ‎3 假设你是李华，作为选派的交流学生在美国某中学学习了一年，寄住在 Mr. Brown 家里， 刚回到国内。回国后，你发现自己的一本英语词典遗忘在他家，因此给他写了一封信，请他 帮助寄回词典。信的主要内容： 1. 感谢在美国期间他所提供的帮助 2. 一本英语词典忘记带回 3. 词典是美国老师送的，非常珍贵 4. 词典很可能丢在卧室的书架上 5. 邮资(postage)自己付 注意：1. 信件内容必须包括上述要点，但不要逐句翻译，可适当增加细节。 2. 字数 120 左右。 3. 信的开头和结尾已为你写好。 DearMr. Brown, How are you these days? ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------‎ ‎ 4 ‎ 假定你是李华，亚洲冬季运动会将在你居住的地方举办，现正在招募志愿者，你希望成 为其中一员。请按要求用英文给组委会写一封信。内容应包括：1.个人情况：年龄，性别， 学历 2.个人条件：英语好，爱好体育，善于交际，乐于助人，熟悉本地情况 3.承诺：提供 最佳服务 注意：1. 信件内容必须包括上述要点，但不要逐句翻译，可适当增加细节。 2. 字数 120—150 之间。 3. 信的开头和结尾已为你写好。 Dear Sir / Madam: I was quite excited when I heard the Asian Winter Games will be held in the city I live. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Yours faithfully, Li Hua ‎ 6 私人信件典例学习 2 【遣词造句】1. 词汇精练① join; attend ② convenient ③ take place; hold ④begin with ⑤ prepare sth ⑥ share sth ⑦ what’s more ⑧ the Students’ Club 2. 佳句锤炼 ① if it is convenient to you.② wishing Liurui happy and healthy ③We’ll sing “Happy Birthday” to him with the candles on.④ a. enjoys b. is interested in c. is fond of d. is crazy about 人物描写典例学习 2 【遣词造句】1. 词汇精练① at the age of ② later ③ with the help of ④ make a living ⑤ graduate ⑥ be devoted to ⑦ keep on ⑧ win great success 2. 佳句锤炼① Anderson was born in 1805，whose father died when he was only eleven.② Being poor，the family couldn’t send him to school. ③ He wrote more than160 stories in his whole life before he died in 1875.；He died in 1875 , leaving the world more than 160 stories .④ to; so that; could ;In order to; ‎ 达标测试答案 1 Dear Wang Ping; I am really glad to learn that you have graduated from Harvard University with high honors and have received a doctor’s degree for science. Congratulations to you on all this and ‎ your achievements in computer. Many friends are delighted to hear the news. Your parents are so proud of you. It is a reward for your hard work. I know how hard you have been working these years. Since you’ve won great success, I hope you will come back to work for our country as soon as possible. My best wishes for your further success. Yours, Liu Hong ‎ ‎2 Barack Obama was born in Hawaii on August 4th, 1961. When he was only a small boy, he dreamt of becoming the President of the United States. In 1988, he was admitted to Harvard Law School, where he gained his doctor’s degree in 1991. After graduation, he worked as a lawyer, lecturer and then took up politics. On November 4, 2008, Barack Obama defeated John McCain in the general election, making him the first African American President of the United States.‎ ‎ 3 Dear Mr. Brown, How are you these days? I have been back, and am writing this letter to show my thanks. As the exchange student, you make me feel warm. Welcome to my country, and I’ll show you around in turn. However, there exists a problem that I have left my dictionary at your home. I like it very much, for it was a precious gift from my teacher who comes from the U.S. I guess that my book may stay on your shelf in the bedroom. Do you mind if you send my dictionary to me? I will pay for the postage and I’ll be very grateful if you show your warmness again. I’m eager to receive your reply. Yours, Li hua ‎ 4 Dear Sir or Madam， My name is Li Hua. I would like to work as a volunteer for the Winter Asian Games. I like sports, especially climbing and skating. I'm also interested in English and can express myself in English freely. Through my hobbies, I've made many friends. In fact I like meeting new people and enjoy talking with them. Believing we all need help from each other, I appreciate friends' help, and I am willing to help anyone in need. Because I am the local people and familiar with the surroundings, I believe I can provide the best service for the athletes. I would like to join the team of Winter Asian Games Volunteers since it would be a great opportunity to make friends with young people from different countries and learn about their cultures. Yours， Li Hu