山西省临汾市2020届高三考前适应性训练考试（二）英语试题 Word版含解析

山西省临汾市2020届高三考前适应性训练考试（二）英语试题 Word版含解析

www.ks5u.com 临汾市2020年高考考前适应性训练考试（二）‎ 英语试题 注意事项：‎ ‎1. 本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。第I卷1至11页，第n卷 11至12页。‎ ‎2. 答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷和答题卡的相应位置。‎ ‎3. 全部答案在答题卡上完成,答在本试卷上无效。‎ ‎4. 第[卷听力部分满分30分，不计入总分，考试成绩录取时提供给高校作参考。‎ ‎5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第I卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分,不计入总分）‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案 转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和 阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ 例:How much is the shirt?‎ A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.15. C. £ 9.18.‎ 答案 :[A] [B] [C]‎ ‎1. What is the woman going to do?‎ A. Have a coffee・ B. Clean her office. C. Attend a meeting.‎ ‎2. At what time will the speakers get to London?‎ A. About 12：15. B. About 12：30. C. About 12：45.‎ ‎3. What are the speakers probably doing?‎ A. Preparing for camping. B. Buying sleeping bags. C. Cleaning up the car.‎ ‎4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?‎ A. The coming rain. B. Their favorite games. C. The weather.‎ ‎5. How much will the woman pay?‎ A. $ 12. B. $ 8. C. $ 6.‎ - 31 -‎ 第二节（共15题。每题1.5分，共22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选 项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小 题,每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。‎ ‎6. Why has the man never seen the woman lately?‎ A. She had a traffic accident.‎ B. She moved to another place .‎ C. She is working unusual hours.‎ ‎7. Where does the conversation take place?‎ A. In an office. B. At a bus stop. C. In an apartment.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。‎ ‎8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?‎ A. The color of a painting. B. The meaning of a painting. C. The style of a painting.‎ ‎9. How does the man know about painting?‎ A. He took some courses.‎ B. He worked for an artist.‎ C. He learned it from his aunt.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. What are the two speakers generally talking about?‎ A. People in big shops.‎ B. Shopping in different places.‎ C. Goods in various qualities.‎ ‎11. What is the man?‎ A. An employee of a department store.‎ B. A manager of a supermarket.‎ C. A salesman in a small shop.‎ ‎12. What might the woman think of supermarket staff?‎ A. They' re very nice. B. They' re unkind. C. They' re well - paid.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ - 31 -‎ ‎13. Where is the woman going on a trip next summer?‎ A. South America. B. Central Europe. C. Northern Europe.‎ ‎14. How many people is the woman traveling with?‎ A. Seven. B. Six. C. Five.‎ ‎15. When is the woman probably leaving?‎ A. Next July. B. Next August. C. Next October.‎ ‎16. What will the speakers do next?‎ A. Have dinner. B. Pay their bill. C. Find another restaurant.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. What did the speaker decide to do after lunch that day? ‎ A. Stay to help her friend. B. Walk alone to her car. C. Wait for the rain to stop.‎ ‎18. What can we learn about the speaker then?‎ A. She worked at a hotel. B. She had bought a new car. C. She was having a baby soon.‎ ‎19. Where did the speaker meet the taxi passenger?‎ A. At a crossroads. B. In front of a hotel. C. Beside a car park.‎ ‎20. What does the speaker talk about?‎ A. An exciting lunch party. B. A well- known short story. C. An unforgettable experience.‎ 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）‎ 第一节（共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。‎ A Support tech education for street youth in Lebanon About CodeBrave We train former street youth in digital skills, coding and robotics, helping them to secure jobs that Help us give former street youth in Lebanon an alternative to exploitative work through tech - 31 -‎ ‎ are not only well-paid but future-proof too. We run our programme in a shelter for homeless children.‎ We have now been successfully carrying out the programme since June 2018. In this time, our children have gone from barely knowing how to use a computer, to writing the code for basic websites totally from scratch. We want to carry on developing the programme in 2020 by continuing appropriate tech education of 20 children, and to engage a further 40 children.‎ Former street youth are often forced into exploitative work.‎ Young people living in shelter often end up back on the street as soon as they leave state care. They become trapped in a cycle of poverty, as they don't have marketable skills to secure well-paid work. Often the only work opportunities available to them are hard manual labour.‎ Why is the tech sector a window of opportunity?‎ Tech education provides young people with marketable skills in a sector where there is a growing demand and shortage of supply in the Middle East. It also gives them access to an international online job market.‎ Where Your Money Will Go ‎ ‎ education.‎ ‎ ‎ Flexible funding — this project will receive all donations made by 3rd April 2020 at 11:55pm ‎£25 or more Funds I student's coding & robotics education for a month.‎ ‎£50 or more Funds a new Arduino robotics starter kit for our students.‎ ‎ £100 or more Funds 1 student through an internship(实习期)(for bus and lunch money).‎ ‎£300 or more Funds 1 student's coding & robotics education for 1 year.‎ - 31 -‎ ‎1. What can we learn about CodeBrave?‎ A. It's a shelter for the young. B. It's a free project in digital skills.‎ C. It's a program for the homeless. D. It's a profitable training organization.‎ ‎2. What made CodeBrave choose tech education?‎ A. The importance of marketable skills. B. The desire to get rid of poverty.‎ C. The request from the state care. D. The demand of the employment market.‎ ‎3. Where are most of the donations spent?‎ A. Equipment. B. Teacher Training.‎ C. Operational Costs. D. Teaching Costs.‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了一项倡议：支持黎巴嫩街头青年的技术教育，并提倡大家对此项目进行资金捐赠支持。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章“About CodeBrave”部分内容“We train former street youth in digital skills, coding and robotics, helping them to secure jobs that are not only well-paid but future-proof too. We run our programme in a shelter for homeless children.( 我们在数字技术、编码和机器人技术方面培训曾经的街头青年，帮助他们获得不仅薪酬丰厚，而且经得起未来考验的工作。我们在一个收容无家可归儿童的地方执行我们的计划。)”且后文提及了“donations”。由此判断出应这是一个免费的数字技能项目。故选B项。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章“Why is the tech sector a window of opportunity?”部分内容“Tech education provides young people with marketable skills in a sector where there is a growing demand and shortage of supply in the Middle East. It also gives them access - 31 -‎ ‎ to an international online job market.( 科技教育为年轻人提供适销对路的技能，而在中东，这一领域的需求日益增长，而供应却出现短缺。这也让他们有机会进入国际在线就业市场。)”可知，选择科技教育是应就业市场需求。故选D项。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章“Where Your Money Will Go”下 的 所 占 比 例 中 的“ Teaching costs:79.1％可知，大部分的捐款都花在在对学生的教育经费上。故选D项。‎ ‎【点睛】细节理解题 ‎ 考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字等议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。这类题目的共同特点是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根据文章提供的信息自己组织语句回答问题。 ‎ 事实细节题→寻读法 ‎ 分为直接理解题和间接理解题，前者常用who, what, which, when, where, why和how提问，或判断正误；后者需与原文信息转换，表达上与原文有差异。比如文章的第2小题：‎ ‎2. What made CodeBrave choose tech education?‎ A. The importance of marketable skills. B. The desire to get rid of poverty.‎ C. The request from the state care. D. The demand of the employment market.‎ 为直接理解题，根据关键词“why；choose tech education”定位到原文“Tech education provides young people with marketable skills in a sector where there is a growing demand and shortage of supply in the Middle East. It also gives them access to an international online job market.”，与选项进行对比，可知选项D. The demand of the employment market.为原文的同义表达。故选D项。‎ B Going to college was not optional. In my family, it was just another step toward the American dream. As soon as I graduated, I enrolled (入学)in the English Department of Colorado State University. I went on to earn two scholarships, and membership in the National Honor Society. I truly believed the hard work was worth it.‎ It wasn't until a few months ago that I realized how clueless I was. I had been combing through the classifieds when my eyes fell upon my dream job: “National College Magazine looking for writers ”.‎ Thrilled, I spent the weekend composing a resume . Needless to say, I was stunned - 31 -‎ ‎ when the interviewer barely took one glance before throwing it aside.‎ ‎"No experience," he said flatly.‎ I felt like screaming, "What do you mean, no experience? Look at these grades."‎ I was left to absorb the shock of rejection, thinking that nobody ever told me that a 4. 0 student would be turned down for a job.‎ Didn't all of my hard work count for anything?‎ I see plenty of demands for two years of experience at a print publication, but none requiring extensive knowledge of how to write academic papers. Yet 95% of my energy in school went toward the latter, leaving me little time to devote to anything else. If career preparation is supposed to be the point of college, then why isn't it the focus?‎ Has a college degree just become another societal status symbol like fancy cars or designer clothes?‎ Given my experience, I feel that a college degree would be a lot more valuable if students were required to get some outside experience to supplement their in — class knowledge. Instead of requiring four science classes, why not three science classes and an internship? In my college career, I took one class that taught me how to write and submit essays for publication. This ever — so — brief taste of the real world was like holding an ice cream sundae in front of a child and only giving her a small bite.‎ ‎4. Why did the author study so hard at college?‎ A. To maintain a family tradition. B. To land an ideal job.‎ C. To fulfill parents' expectations. D. To win scholarships for the tution ‎5. What accounted for the author's failure in job hunting?‎ A. His dull resume. B. His misjudgment in high scores.‎ C. His lack of experience. D. His poor performance in the interview.‎ ‎6. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph imply?‎ A. Academic writing is a small part of college life.‎ B. College education always covers unimportant things.‎ - 31 -‎ C. Competition in college is not as fierce as that in the real world.‎ D. The author feels held back by his lack of real — world experience.‎ ‎7. What does the author want to tell us by writing this article?‎ A. Get a college degree and you will go far.‎ B. College students should make the best of their time.‎ C. Career preparation is a necessity for college education.‎ D. Landing a successful career is better than a college degree.‎ ‎【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要内容讲述了作者的求职经历，虽然学校成绩优异但由于缺少社会实践经验而被拒之门外，而引发了自己对于学业成绩，社会经验和未来工作之间关系的感慨。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“I had been combing through the classifieds when my eyes fell upon my dream job.当我看到我梦想中的工作时，我一直在整理分类广告”以及后文应征工作时提及：I felt like screaming, “What do you mean, no experience? Look at these grades.我想尖叫，“你什么意思，没有经验？看看这些成绩”和“Didn't all of my hard work count for anything?我所有的努力难道不算什么吗”由此判断出，作者大学时努力学习是为了找到理想的工作。故选B项。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容："No experience," he said flatly.( “没有经验，”他干脆地说。)可知，没有工作经验是作者应征工作失败的原因。故选C项。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据划线句在本段末尾，应是对本段的总结，结合本段内容“Given my experience, I feel that a college degree would be a lot more valuable if students were required to get some outside experience to supplement their in — class knowledge. Instead of requiring four science classes, why not three science classes and an internship? In my college career, I took one class that taught me how to write and submit essays for - 31 -‎ ‎ publication.(根据我的经验，我觉得如果要求学生获得一些课外经验来补充课堂知识，大学学位会更有价值。与其要求四门科学课，为什么不要求三门科学课和一次实习呢?在我的大学生涯中，我参加了一门课，这门课教会了我如何写作和提交论文发表。。)”可知，作者在讲述自己求职经验所得教训。由此判断出，末尾句“这种对现实世界的短暂体验就像在孩子面前拿着一个冰淇淋圣代，只给她一小口”可以看作为其对现实社会的理解：缺乏现实社会的经验感到受打击。故选D项。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章主要内容讲述了作者的求职经历，虽然学校成绩优异但由于缺少社会实践经验而被拒之门外，并在末尾段落提出了个人感慨，因此可推知作者希望能够在大学期间就为未来职业做好规划。故选C项。‎ C They asked Katherine Johnson for the moon, and she gave it to them. With little more than a pencil, a slide rule and one of the finest mathematical minds in the country, Mrs. Johnson, who died at 101 on Monday, calculated the precise trajectories (轨道)that would let Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969 and, after Neil Armstrong's history—making moonwalk, let it return to Earth.‎ Yet throughout Mrs. Johnson's 33 years in NASA and for decades afterward, almost no one knew her name.‎ Mrs. Johnson was one of several hundred strictly educated, supremely capable yet largely unrecognized women who, well before the modem feminist movement, worked as NASA mathematicians. But it was not only her sex that kept her long unsung. For some years at midcentury, the black women were subjected to a double segregation (隔离)：They were kept separate from the much large group of white women who in turn were segregated from the agency's male mathematicians and engineers.‎ Mrs. Johnson broke barriers at NASA. In old age, Mrs. Johnson became the most celebrated of black women who served as mathematicians for the space agency. Their story was told in the 2016 Hollywood film "Hidden Figures," which was nominated for three Oscars, including best picture.‎ In 2017, NASA dedicated a building in her honor. That year, The Washington Post described her as “the most high - profile of the computers” — “computers ” being the term originally used to describe Mrs. Johnson and her colleagues, much as “typewriters” were used in the 19th century to represent professional typists.‎ - 31 -‎ She “helped our nation enlarge the frontiers of space,” NASA's administrator, Jim Bridenstine, said in a statement on Monday, “even as she made huge steps that also opened doors for women and people of color in the universal human quest to explore space.”‎ As Mrs. Johnson herself was fond of saying, her tenure (任期) at Langley — from 1953 until her retirement in 1986 — was “a time when computers wore skirts.”‎ ‎8. What is the function of the first paragraph?‎ A. To present the Apollo moon mission.‎ B. To stress Mrs. Johnson's contributions C. To honour Neil Armstrong's moonwalk.‎ D. To mourn a great woman—Mrs. Johnson.‎ ‎9. What does the underlined word "barriers” in Paragraph 4 refer to ?‎ A. Gender inequality and color line.‎ B. Mrs. Johnson's unrecognized talents.‎ C. The agency's male mathematicians and engineers.‎ D. The hardships before the modem feminist movement.‎ ‎10. Why were Mrs. Johnson and her colleagues described as "computers"?‎ A. Because they used computers to keep their work secret.‎ B. Because they were the agency's human calculators'‎ C. Because computer systems engaged them deeply.‎ D. Because they opened a door to outer space.‎ ‎11. What can we learn from Mrs. Johnson's experience?‎ A. Try things that may not work.‎ B. The world awaits our discovery.‎ C. Use knowledge to wipe out ignorance '‎ D. Never be limited by the labels attached by others.‎ ‎【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国登月的幕后功臣：传奇女数学家的101岁的传奇人生。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ - 31 -‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“They asked Katherine Johnson for the moon, and she gave it to them. Wielding little more than a pencil, a slide rule and one of the finest mathematical minds in the country, Mrs. Johnson, who died at 101 on Monday, calculated the precise trajectories that would let Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969 and, after Neil Armstrong's history—making moonwalk, let it return to Earth.( 他们向凯瑟琳·约翰逊要月亮，她给了他们。约翰逊夫人,周一去世，享年101岁。凭借着不过一支铅笔，一把计算尺和最为杰出数学头脑，约翰逊计算出了1969年助力阿波罗11号登陆月球的精确轨迹，并让尼尔.阿姆斯特朗在历史性的月球漫步后成功返回地球。)”由此判断出，第一段的主要目的为强调约翰逊夫人对于阿波罗11号登陆月球的贡献。故选B项。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。分析可知，划线单词所在句应是本段首句，应起到承前启后的作用。结合后文“In old age, Mrs. Johnson became the most celebrated of black women who served as mathematicians for the space agency. Their story was told in the 2016 Hollywood film "Hidden Figures," which was nominated for three Oscars, including best picture.( 约翰逊夫人晚年成为美国航天局最著名的黑人女数学家。2016年的好莱坞电影《隐藏人物》讲述了他们的故事，这部电影获得了包括最佳影片奖在内的三项奥斯卡提名。)”讲述了她后来的地位和影响，可知，句中的“barriers”应是指前文提及的“For some years at midcentury, the black women were subjected to a double segregation：They were kept separate from the much large group of white women who in turn were segregated from the agency's male mathematicians and engineers.” 在上世纪中叶的一些年里，黑人女性受到双重隔离：她们被隔离于数量庞大的白人女性群体之外，而白人女性又被隔离于该机构的男性数学家和工程师之外。所以划线的词意思为“性别不平等和肤色界线。”故选A项。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第六段内容“That year, The Washington Post described her as “the most high - profile of the computers” — “computers” being the term originally used to describe Mrs. Johnson and her colleagues, much as “typewriters” were used in the 19th century to represent professional typists.( 那一年，《华盛顿邮报》称她为“计算机界最引人注目的人物”——“计算机”一词最初用来形容约翰逊夫人和她的同事，就像19世纪用来代表职业打字员的“打字机”一样。) ”且前文提及“In old age, Mrs. Johnson became the most celebrated of black women who served as mathematicians for the space - 31 -‎ ‎ agency.( 约翰逊夫人晚年成为美国航天局最著名的黑人女数学家。)”可知，称她们为计算机，是因为她们是数学家，拥有数学头脑，计算出了人类迈向月球的距离。故选B项。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段内容：She “helped our nation enlarge the frontiers of space,” NASA's administrator, Jim Bridenstine, said in a statement on Monday, “even as she made huge steps that also opened doors for women and people of color in the universal human quest to explore space.”(美国宇航局局长吉姆布里登斯汀(Jim Bridenstine)在周一的一份声明中说，她“帮助我们的国家扩大了太空领域的前沿”，“她迈出了巨大的一步，也为女性和不同肤色的人种探索太空打开了大门。”)由此判断出，可以从她身上学到不要受到别人的束缚，走出自己的道路。选项D. Never be limited by the labels attached by others.(永远不要被别人贴上的标签所限制。)符合推测，故选D项。‎ D Although it has been indicated in recent years that plants are capable of seeing, hearing and smelling, they are still usually thought of as silent. But now, for the first time, Itzhak Khait and his colleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel found that tomato and tobacco plants made ultrasonic(超声的)sounds at frequencies humans can't hear when stressed by a lack of water or when their stem is cut.‎ Microphones placed 10 centimeters from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic range of 20 to 100 kilohertz. Human hearing usually ranges from 20 hertz to 20 kilohertz. " These findings can alter the way we think about the plant kingdom , " they wrote in their study, which has not yet been published.‎ On average, drought - stressed tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour, while tobacco plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15. Unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour. It is even possible to distinguish between the sounds to know what the stress is. The researchers trained a machine — learning model to separate the plants，sounds from those of the wind, rain and other noises of the greenhouse, correctly identifying in most cases whether the stress was caused by dryness or a cut, based on the sound's intensity and frequency. Water — hungry tobacco appeared to make louder sounds than cut tobacco, for example. Although Khait and his - 31 -‎ ‎ colleagues only looked at tomato and tobacco plants, they believe other plants may make sounds when stressed.‎ Enabling farmers to listen for water — stressed plants could " open a new direction in the field of precision(精准) agriculture", the researchers suggest. They add that such an ability will be increasingly important as climate change exposes more areas to drought.‎ Khait's study also suggests that insects and some mammals can hear and respond to from as far as 5 metres away. A moth may decide against laying eggs on a plant that sounds water - stressed. Edward Farmer at the University of Lausanne, Switzerland thinks the idea that moths might be listening to plants is “a little too speculative”. After all, there are already plenty of explanations for why insects avoid some plants and not others.‎ ‎12. What were tomato and tobacco plants' reactions to different stresses?‎ A. They reacted to different types of stress with the same sound.‎ B. Cut tomato plants produced more sounds per hour than water — hungry ones .‎ C. Cut tobacco plants seemed to make lower sounds than drought - stressed ones.‎ D. Tobacco plants might make louder sounds than tomato plants when short of water.‎ ‎13. What's the main idea of Paragraph 4?‎ A. The potential applications of the research.‎ B. Challenges facing farmers in the future.‎ C. Farmers' contributions to the research.‎ D. The future development of agriculture.‎ ‎14. What does the underlined word "speculative" in the last paragraph probably mean?‎ A. Practical. B. Surprising.‎ C. Unsupported. D. Complicated.‎ ‎15. What may be the best tide for the text?‎ A. Silent scream B. Mysteries of nature C. Inner voices D. A yet - to-be - published study ‎【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. A ‎【解析】‎ - 31 -‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述植物在不同压力下能发出不同频率的声音，而这是人类无法用耳朵听到的。同时提及了该研究发现有可能对农业带来潜在的应用。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第三段倒数第二句内容“Water-hungry tobacco appeared to make louder sounds than cut tobacco, for example.”可知，缺水的烟草似乎比切断烟草发出的声音更响亮。C项“Cut tobacco plants seemed to make lower sounds than drought - stressed ones.( 切断烟草发出的声音似乎比缺水的烟草的声音要低。)”与原文表述含义一致。故选C项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章第四段内容“Enabling farmers to listen for water — stressed plants could “open a new direction in the field of precision agriculture”, the researchers suggest. They add that such an ability will be increasingly important as climate change exposes more areas to drought.( 研究人员表示，让农民能够听到缺水作物的声音，可能会“在精准农业领域开辟一个新方向”。他们补充说，随着气候变化使更多地区面临干旱，这种能力将变得越来越重要。) ”可知，本段在讲述这种研究发现对于农业的作用。选项A. The potential applications of the research.( 研究的潜在应用。)概括了本段内容。故选A项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据后文“After all, there are already plenty of explanations for why insects avoid some plants and not others.( 毕竟，对于昆虫为什么避开某些植物而不避开其他植物，已经有很多解释了。)”可知，在从另一个已经证实的方面解释蚊子选择缺水植物的原因，可推知，前文提及的“Edward Farmer at the University of Lausanne, Switzerland thinks the idea that moths might be listening to plants is “a little too speculative”.”应是讲述了Edward Farmer对提及观点“moths might be listening to plants(飞蛾可能在听植物的声音)”的反对，认为其不合理。因此，speculative 应理解为“不成立”或“不合理”,与选项C. Unsupported.( 不受支持的。)表达含义一致。故选C项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章结构为总分结构，第一段but句提出本文中心话题“But now, for the first time, Itzhak Khait and his colleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel found that tomato and tobacco plants made ultrasonic sounds at frequencies humans can't - 31 -‎ ‎ hear when stressed by a lack of water or when their stem is cut.( 但是现在，以色列特拉维夫大学的Itzhak Khait和他的同事们第一次发现，番茄和烟草植物发出的超声波频率是人类在缺水或茎被切断时无法听到的。)”可知，文章主要讲述植物在不同压力下能发出不同频率的声音，而这是人类无法用耳朵听到的。选项A. Silent scream(无声的尖叫) 合理概括了本文中心话题，可作最佳选项。故选A项。‎ 第二节 （共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。‎ I was packing my suitcase for a trip. By the time I got to the hall closet, I couldn't remember what I came for. ___16___ However, as a neuroscientist, I know the problem is not what it seems.‎ ‎___17___ But age is not the major factor so commonly assumed. The 20 - year - old often make short — term memory errors as well. They walk into the wrong classroom. They forget what the professor said two minutes ago. On the other hand, some aspects of memory actually get better as we age. For instance, our ability to extract patterns, regularities (规律)and to make accurate predictions improves over time. ___18___ If you' re going to get an X - ray, you want a 70 — year — old radiologist reading it, not a 30 - year - old one.‎ So how do we account for our experience that older adults seem to have difficulty with words and names? ___19___ As long as given a little more time, older adults perform just fine. Second, older adults have to search through more memories than do younger adults to find the fact or piece of information they're looking for. Your brain becomes crowded with memories and information. It's not that you can't remember. Actually, you can! ___20___‎ So, my advice is experiencing new things. It is the best way to keep the mind young and growing — into our 80s, 90s and beyond.‎ A. That's because we've had more experience.‎ B. First, there is a widespread cognitive (认知的)slowing with age.‎ C. This is widely understood to be a classic problem of aging.‎ D. First of all, senior citizens have better long - term memories.‎ - 31 -‎ E. It's just that there is so much more information to sort through.‎ F. Besides, I forget names that I used to be able to think of effortlessly.‎ G. Researches show that our ability of the short — term memory declines slightly after 30.‎ ‎【答案】16. C 17. G 18. A 19. B 20. E ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了老年人出现短期记忆错误的原因。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据前文“By the time I got to the hall closet, I couldn't remember what I came for.( 当我来到客厅的壁橱时，我不记得我来干什么了。)”可知，作者忘记了自己到壁橱的目的，且根据后文“But age is not the major factor so commonly assumed.( 但是年龄并不是人们通常认为的主要因素。)”可知，设空句应是在解释普遍看法：年龄大了，健忘。选项C. This is widely understood to be a classic problem of aging.( 人们普遍认为这是一个典型的老龄化问题。)符合语境分析，且与后文“However, as a neuroscientist, I know the problem is not what it seems.( 然而，作为一名神经学家，我知道问题并不像看上去的那样。)”形成对比关系。故选C项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据后文“But age is not the major factor so commonly assumed.( 但是年龄并不是人们通常认为的主要因素。)”可知本段在讲述短期记忆错误会出现的年龄阶段，且根据后文“The 20 - year - old often make short — term memory errors as well.( 20岁的人也经常犯短期记忆错误。)”可知，设空句应也有具体年龄涉及。选项G. Researches show that our ability of the short — term memory declines slightly after 30.( 研究表明，30岁以后，我们的短期记忆能力略有下降。)提及了30岁时的短期记忆能力会出现下降，符合语境。故选G项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据前文“For instance, our ability to extract patterns, regularities and to make accurate predictions improves over time.( 例如，我们提取模式、规律和做出准确预测的能力会随着时间的推移而提高)”可知，这里在讲述的应是随着年龄增长，经验增长。选项A. That's because we've had more experience.( 那是因为我们有更多的经验。)进行了合理原因总结，且呼应后文“If you' re going to get an X - ray, you want a 70 — year — old radiologist reading it, not a 30 - year - old one.(‎ - 31 -‎ ‎ 如果你要做X光检查，你需要的是一位70岁的放射科医生，而不是一位30岁的医生。)”。故选A项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据后文“Second, older adults have to search through more memories than do younger adults to find the fact or piece of information they're looking for.( 第二，老年人要比年轻人搜索更多的记忆来找到他们想要的事实或信息。)”可知，这里解释的原因是从老年人的年龄特征或经验角度出发的。选项B. First, there is a widespread cognitive slowing with age.( 首先，随着年龄的增长，认知能力普遍下降。)讲述了认知能力随着年龄增长而下降，符合老年人的年龄特征。故选B项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据前文“Your brain becomes crowded with memories and information. It's not that you can't remember. Actually, you can!( 你的大脑变得充满了记忆和信息。不是你记不住。实际上,你可以!)”可知，设空句应对此进行总结。选项E. It's just that there is so much more information to sort through.( 只是有太多的信息需要整理。)进行了合理总结，且再次呼应强调了本段提出的原因“Second, older adults have to search through more memories than do younger adults to find the fact or piece of information they're looking for.”。故选E项。‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题海小题2分，满分40分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。‎ I spent one Sunday afternoon helping my friend put together the ice hockey net he' d just bought for his kids. It ___21___ me of my childhood when my friends and I played our games with do - it - yourself ___22___, which helped us to be ___23___ and taught us leadership and teamwork.‎ Each goal of our game was ___24___ by two boots spaced as equally apart as we could manage. The trouble was that they often went ___25___ when the puck （冰球）hit them hard enough. The ___26___ had to chase a boot that had moved, and reset it quickly, or risk someone taking ___27___and scoring a goal. And we also had to ___28___ our eyes peeled for the occasional ___29___goalkeeper who might move the boots closer together.‎ - 31 -‎ This situation led to ____30____ over what might or might not have been a goal, but we improved our debating skills and learned to ____31____ to kids who wanted to dominate （控制）everyone else.‎ ‎____32____, the number of competitors would ____33____ out as moms called them home for supper.‎ We had to trade the players and reset the team to keep the teams ____34____ .We joined our new team no questions asked, just taking the position on the ice the captain ____35____ us to. With fewer players on the ice, there was more ____36____ to freewheel. We learned to ____37____ the adjustments well, turning enemies into friends and learning to work as a（n） ____38____ team. This was another valuable lesson .‎ Sometimes we are asked to ____39____ specific and measurable goals. But I raise a stick to ____40____ goals, to playing under a starry sky with boots as goalposts. Here's to goals that are boundless.‎ ‎21. A. convinced B. freed C. reminded D. informed ‎22. A. sticks B. nets C. skates D. pucks ‎23. A. creative B. ambitious C. pleasant D. practical ‎24. A. checked B. assessed C. settled D. marked ‎25. A. shaking B. wandering C. sliding D. skipping ‎26. A. children B. competitors C. goalkeeper D. captain ‎27. A. courage B. action C. responsibility D. advantage ‎28. A. keep B. fix C. open D. make ‎29. A. unfriendly B. dishonest C. awkward D. selfish ‎30. A. agreements B. arguments C. complaints D. puzzlement ‎31. A. give up B. stand up C. live up D. look up ‎32. A. Unavoidably B. Coincidentally C. Surprisingly D. Unexpectedly ‎33. A. clear B. drop C. thin D. run - 31 -‎ ‎34. A. even B. just C. moving D. continuing ‎35. A. forced B. invited C. pushed D. pointed ‎36. A. space B. energy C. strength D. time ‎37. A. judge B. manage C. evaluate D. change ‎38. A. easier B. better C. new D. strong ‎39. A. treasure B. confirm C. achieve D. identify ‎40. A. short - term B. firm C. everlasting D. imprecise ‎【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲述了作者对自己儿时与同伴一起DIY冰球游戏的回忆。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让我想起了我的童年，我和我的朋友们一起DIY冰球网的游戏，这帮助我们变得有创造力，教会了我们领导力和团队合作。 A. convinced 说服；使信服；B. freed使免除；解放；C. reminded提醒；使想起；D. informed告知；检举。根据when my friends and I played our games with do - it - yourself 可知，这让作者想起了作者的童年。remind sb. of sth，“使某人想起某事”。故选C项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这让我想起了我的童年，我和我的朋友们一起DIY冰球网的游戏，这帮助我们变得有创造力，教会了我们领导力和团队合作。A. sticks枝条；球棒；B. nets网；C. skates旱冰鞋；D. pucks 冰球比赛用球。根据后文“when the puck hit them hard enough”可知，作者和朋友童年时期打冰球，因此这里应是自己制作球网。故选B项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让我想起了我的童年，我和我的朋友们一起DIY冰球网的游戏，这帮助我们变得有创造力，教会了我们领导力和团队合作。A. creative有创造力的；B. ambitious雄心勃勃的；C. pleasant令人愉快的；D.‎ - 31 -‎ ‎ practical实际的；实用的。根据前文“do-it-yourself”可知，他们在制作冰球网时需要自己动手，这培养了他们要有创造力。故选A项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们比赛每一个球门都用两只靴子做了标记，每双靴子的间距都是我们所能达到的最大距离。A. checked检查；核对；B. assessed计算; 估算；C. settled定居；解决；D. marked在……上作记号。be marked by sth，“用……做标记”，在句中指每一个进球都用靴子做了标记。故选D项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：问题是，当冰球狠狠地打在它们身上时，它们经常会滑动。A. shaking摇晃；B. wandering漫步；走开；心不在焉；C. sliding 使滑动; 滑动；D. skipping蹦跳；跳绳。根据句意和语境可知，句中主语“they”应是前文的“boots”，结合“when the puck hit them hard enough”句意可知，当冰球击中球网时，靴子就滑动了。故选C项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：守门员必须追赶移动的皮靴，并迅速将其复位，否则就会冒着被对手占便宜而得分的风险。A. children孩子们；B. competitors竞争者；C. goalkeeper守门员；D. captain (体育运动队) 队长；船长。根据常识判断，冰球比赛有球门设置，应有守门员看着。对应后文“goalkeeper who might move the boots closer together”提及应是goalkeeper。故选C项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：守门员必须追赶移动的皮靴，并迅速将其复位，否则就会冒着被对手占便宜而得分的风险。A. courage勇气；B. action行动；行为；C. responsibility责任；D. advantage有利条件；优势。take advantage，固定结构，意为“利用”，句中应指如果不重新设置移动的靴子的话，就会有对手趁机利用空隙而进球得分。故选D项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们还必须密切关注偶尔出现的不诚实的守门员，他可能会把球靴挪得更近一些。A. keep保持；保存；B. fix 修理；处理；C. open打开；D. make使让。根据后文“goalkeeper who might move the boots closer together(守门员会把球鞋挪得更近一些)”可知，为了防止这种事情发生，需要睁大眼睛盯着。keep one’s eyes peeled，意为“警惕；谨慎小心”，符合句意。故选A项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ - 31 -‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们还必须密切关注偶尔出现的不诚实的守门员，他可能会把球靴挪得更近一些。A. unfriendly不友好的；B. dishonest不诚实的；C. awkward令人尴尬的；D. selfish自私的。分析可知，所填空应是形容词作定语修饰之后的名词goalkeeper，且goalkeeper的定语从句“who might move the boots closer together(会把靴子挪得更近)”是指其不诚实的行为。故选B项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种情况导致了关于“什么可能是进球得分，什么不可能是进球得分”的争论，但是我们提高了我们的辩论技巧，学会了对抗那些想要支配别人的孩子。A. agreements协议；共识；B. arguments争辩；争吵；C. complaints抱怨；投诉；D. puzzlement迷茫。根据后文“what might or might not have been a goal”可知，应是引发对“是否看作为进球”的争论。故选B项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词组辨析。句意：这种情况导致了关于“什么可能是进球得分，什么不可能是进球得分”的争论，但是我们提高了我们的辩论技巧，学会了对抗那些想要支配别人的孩子。A. give up放弃；B. stand up（主张、证据等）经得起检验；抵抗；勇敢面对；C. live up不负重望；满足；D. look up查阅；（久别后）拜访。根据其后宾语为“kids”，可知，stand up to sb.，意为“勇敢面对某人；抵抗”，在句中可表达“学会了对抗那些想要支配别人的孩子”。故选B项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当妈妈们叫他们回家吃晚饭时，参赛者的人数不可避免地会减少。A. Unavoidably不可避免地；不得已地；B. Coincidentally巧合地；一致地；C. Surprisingly惊人地；出人意外地；D. Unexpectedly出乎意料地，意外地。根据后文“as moms called them home for supper(妈妈们叫他们回家吃晚饭)”会导致参赛人数的减少，这是不可避免的。故选A项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当妈妈们叫他们回家吃晚饭时，参赛者的人数不可避免地会减少。A. clear清理；B. drop下降；C. thin使变稀疏; 变稀疏；D. run跑；赛跑。根据后文“as moms called them home for supper(妈妈们叫他们回家吃晚饭)”提及的原因会使参赛人数减少，且所选动词应与之后的out搭配使用，thin out，意为“减少”。故选C项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们不得不调换球员，重新调整球队以保持两队的平衡。A.‎ - 31 -‎ ‎ even保持不变的；均等的；B. just正义的；C. moving（模型或机器部件）活动的; 可移动的；D. continuing连续的；继续的。根据前文“___12___, the number of competitors would ___13__ out as moms called them home for supper.”可知，参赛人数会减少，因此需要调动人数保持比赛队伍的人数均等。故选A项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们毫无疑问地加入了新队伍，只是站在队长指给我们的冰上位置上。A. forced 强迫；迫使；B. invited 邀请；C. pushed推；挤过；D. pointed（用手指）指向。分析可知，“the captain ___15___ us to”应是之前名词the position的定语从句，结合句意可知，队长给我们指向要站的的位置，point sb. to，“指给某人看”，符合句意。故选D项。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：冰场上比赛者少了，就有了更多的自由空间。A. space空间；B. energy精力；能量；C. strength力气；优势；D. time时间；次数。根据前文“With fewer players on the ice”可知，比赛参与者越来越少，因此冰球在冰面上的活动空间越来越多。故选A项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们学会了处理好调整，化敌为友，学会了作为一个新的团队来工作。A. judge评判；裁决；B. manage管理；成功应付；设法做成某事；C. evaluate评估；D. change改变。根据后文“turning enemies into friends and learning to work as a（n） ___18 __ team”可知他们需要设法成功调整自己，才能化敌为友，学会在团队中合作。故选B项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们学会了处理好调整，化敌为友，学会了作为一个新的团队来工作。A. easier更容易；更简单；B. better更好的；C. new新的；D. strong强壮的。根据前文““turning enemies into friends and learning to work as a（n） ___18 __ team”可知他们需要设法成功调整自己，才能化敌为队友，成立一个新的队伍。故选C项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些时候，需要我们去对具体位置的和可衡量的球门进行识别确认。A. treasure珍惜；B. confirm证实；确认；C. achieve实现；达成；D. identify识别；确认。根据后文宾语“specific and measurable - 31 -‎ ‎ goals”，意为“具体位置的和可衡量的球门”，可知，这里需要对这种球门进行评判和识别。故选D项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我对不明确的球门举着冰球棒，在繁星满天的天空下，用靴子当球门柱。A. short – term短期的；B. firm坚定的；C. everlasting永久的；D. imprecise不精确的；不严密的。根据前文“Sometimes we are asked to ___19___ specific and measurable goals”提及需要确认，因此可知，空后的goals应是不精确。故选D项。‎ 第II卷 第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分55分) ‎ 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Modern mammals, including humans, owe their sharp sense of hearing ___41___ three tiny bones in the middle ear that were absent in their reptile ancestors, but the point at which this transformation ___42___( occur) has remained unclear.‎ Scientists have now identified the transitional stages in the remains of a ___43___( new) discovered species that lived 125 million years ago in ___44___ is now northeastern China: effectively a missing link in the evolutionary chain. Their ___45___( find) were published in the journal Science on Thursday and ___46___( welcome) as a landmark moment in the field of paleontology by peers.‎ Senior author Jin Meng of the American Museum of Natural History in New York explained that the study was based on the remains of six individual animals, ___47___( name) " Origolestes lii". The hearing system in mammals is ___48___ (delicate) and complex than that in reptiles, who use their jaws to both chew and to transmit external sound. It was assumed that the so — called separation of the hearing and chewing system removed the physical limits the two processes placed on each other, ___49___ (allow) mammals to both diversify their diet and improve their hearing.‎ ‎"Now we have provided the fossil evidence in the evolutionary time ___50___ confirms the assumption," said Meng.‎ ‎【答案】41. to 42. occurred ‎ ‎43. newly 44. what ‎ - 31 -‎ ‎45. findings ‎ ‎46. welcomed ‎ ‎47. named 48. more delicate ‎ ‎49. allowing ‎ ‎50. that / which ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现。中耳的三根小骨头在它们的爬行类祖先中是不存在的，但这种转变发生在什么时候仍不清楚。科学家们现在已经确定了一个新发现的物种遗骸的过渡阶段，并在此发现中证实了关于三根小骨头发生转变的假设性问题。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查介词和固定结构。句意：包括人类在内的现代哺乳动物，其敏锐的听觉要归功于中耳的三根小骨头，而这三根骨头在它们的爬行类祖先中是不存在的，但这种转变发生在什么时候仍不清楚。owe sth to sth，固定结构，意为“把……归功于”。故填to。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。句意：包括人类在内的现代哺乳动物，其敏锐的听觉要归功于中耳的三根小骨头，而这三根骨头在它们的爬行类祖先中是不存在的，但这种转变发生在什么时候仍不清楚。分析可知，“at which this transformation ___2___( occur)”应是之前名词the point的定语从句，所填动词在从句中作谓语，结合句意可知应是应是一般过去时。故填occurred。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：科学家们现在已经确定了一个新发现的物种遗骸的过渡阶段，这个新发现的物种生活在1.25亿年前的中国东北地区，实际上是进化链条上缺失的一环。副词修饰动词discovered。故填newly。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查表语从句。句意：科学家们现在已经确定了一个新发现的物种遗骸的过渡阶段，这个新发现的物种生活在1.25亿年前的中国东北地区，实际上是进化链条上缺失的一环。分析可知，“___4___ is now northeastern China”应是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，结合句意可知应是指代“物”，用连接代词what引导。故填what。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ - 31 -‎ 考查名词。句意：他们的发现发表在周四的《科学》(Science)杂志上，被同行们视为古生物学领域的里程碑时刻。分析可知，their为形容词性物主代词，之后接名词，结合后文谓语“were”可知，应是名词复数。故填findings。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查语态。句意：他们的发现发表在周四的《科学》(Science)杂志上，被同行们视为古生物学领域的里程碑时刻。分析可知，所填动词的主语为之前名词“their findings”，与所填动词之间为被动关系，应用be done结构，结合前文已有were，因此只需填写过去分词即可。be welcomed as，固定结构，意为“被视为……”。故填welcomed。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：纽约美国自然历史博物馆的资深作者金·巴布解释说，这项研究是基于六只名为“Origolestes lii”的动物个体的遗骸。分析可知，___7___( name) " Origolestes lii"应是之前名词animals的后置定语，与其之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填named。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查形容词比较级。句意：哺乳动物的听觉系统要比爬行动物复杂得多，爬行动物的颚部既能咀嚼又能传递外部声音。根据空前为系动词“is”以及空后的“than”为比较连词可知，应用形容词比较级形式。故填more delicate。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查非谓语。句意：人们认为，所谓的听觉和咀嚼系统的分离消除了这两个过程相互施加在对方身上的物理限制，使哺乳动物既能使它们的饮食多样化，又能改善它们的听觉。分析可知，“__9___ (allow) mammals to both diversify their diet and improve their hearing”在句中作结果状语，所填动词allow与主语之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填allowing。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：“现在我们已经提供了在进化时期的化石证据来证实这个假设，”孟说。分析可知，“___10___ confirms the assumption”应是之前名词“the fossil evidence”的定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。‎ ‎【点睛】语法填空题技巧--形容词的级 ‎①有提示词 ‎②通常，有表示范围的in - 31 -‎ ‎ /of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级 比如文章第8小题：‎ The hearing system in mammals is ___8___ (delicate) and complex than that in reptiles, who use their jaws to both chew and to transmit external sound.‎ 根据方法，空8后有提示词delicate，且为形容词，空前为系动词，应填形容词作表语；空后有比较连词than。因此答案为more delicate。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分） ‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中 共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧)），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1 .每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ My grandfather’s motto “Nothing is ever easy” seldom gets across to me until a couple of day ago. I was doing my day’s work while I noticed a bumblebee on the skylight. I thought to myself remove the bee would be easy. But after my fighting with it for a hour, the insect was still here. I was disappointed find the living room was in a mess and that I was extreme exhausted. I did not expect to waste so much time in the insect. Only then did I understand what my grandfather was meant.‎ ‎【答案】1.gets→got ‎2.day→days ‎3.while→when ‎4.remove→removing ‎5.a→an ‎6.here→there ‎7.find前加to ‎8.extreme→extremely ‎9.in→on - 31 -‎ ‎10.删掉was ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过自己驱赶天窗上停留的大黄蜂的经历领悟到了祖父的座右铭“没有什么是容易的”。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查动词时态。句意：我祖父的座右铭“没有什么是容易的”，直到几天前我才明白过来。根据句中时间状语“a couple of days ago”可知，应使用一般过去时。故将gets改为got。‎ ‎2.考查名词复数。句意：我祖父的座右铭“没有什么是容易的”，直到几天前我才明白过来。根据之前的修饰语“a couple of”，意为“三两个；几个”，应用名词复数，a couple of days，“一两天”。故将day改为days。‎ ‎3.考查连词。句意：我正在做我的日常工作，这时我注意到天窗上有一只大黄蜂。分析可知，“I noticed a bumblebee on the skylight”中的谓语为短暂性动作，应用连词when引导该从句作为时间状语从句。故将while改为when。‎ ‎4.考查动名词。句意：我想把蜜蜂弄走是很容易的。分析可知，“remove the bee”应是从句主语，动名词作主语。故将remove改为removing。‎ ‎5.考查冠词。句意：但我和它搏斗了一个小时后，那只昆虫还在那里。hour，可数名词，意为“小时”，其发音为“/ˈaʊə(r)/”，为元音音素开头单词，应用不定冠词an作为限定词。故将a改为an。‎ ‎6.考查副词。句意：但我和它搏斗了一个小时后，那只昆虫还在那里。结合句意可知，这只大黄蜂仍然停在天窗上，天窗距离作者应是较远距离，应用地点副词there。故将here改为there。‎ ‎7.考查动词不定式。句意：我失望地发现客厅里一片混乱，我已经筋疲力尽了。sb+be +adj.+to do，意为“某人……地去做某事”，应用to do 不定式结构。故在find前加to。‎ ‎8.考查副词。句意：我失望地发现客厅里一片混乱，我已经筋疲力尽了。分析可知，副词作状语修饰形容词exhausted。故将extreme改为extremely。‎ ‎9.考查介词。句意：我没料到会在这只昆虫身上浪费这么多时间。waste time on sth，固定结构，意“浪费时间在……”。故将in改为on。‎ - 31 -‎ ‎10.考查语态。句意：直到那时我才明白祖父的意思。分析可知，从句谓语“meant”与从句主语“my grandfather”为主动关系，无需被动。故将was删掉。‎ ‎【点睛】语法改错技巧之名词单复数一致性错误 名词的单复数不一致是语法改错题经常出现的错误。首先判断为可数名词或不可数名词，然后根据限定词或句意理解是否为单复数，如果出现不一致，要注意应是错误，需要改正。比如文章第2处错误：a couple of day ago day为可数名词，之前限定词为a couple of，为复数概念，应用名词复数。故将day改为days。‎ 第二节书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，你校交换生Jim回国后，想通过形象的手绘图片教他同学学习汉字。他 向你求助，希望你能帮他画出图片。请你回信询问以下内容：‎ ‎1.所教汉字； 2.着色与否； 3.截止日期。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Jim,‎ I hope this email finds you well. It impresses me greatly that you plan to teach your classmates some basic Chinese characters with hand-drawn pictures. I'm willing to lend a helping hand, but I need to inquire about some details.‎ To start with, would you please give me a list of Chinese characters you want to teach, which helps me make preparations in advance? Moreover, it's necessary for me to know whether you prefer the pictures in colors or in black and white. The last point I'm not certain about is the deadline for this.‎ Please do feel free to let me know if you have other requirements. Looking forward to your early reply.‎ Yous ‎ - 31 -‎ sincerely, ‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，为了帮助交换生Jim画出手绘图片而向他咨询有关图片的信息。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。‎ 结构：三段式结构。第一段写信背景和目的；第二段咨询有关信息；第三段寒暄结束。 ‎ 要求：1.写信背景和目的（plan to teach your classmates some basic Chinese characters with hand-drawn pictures; inquire about some details）‎ ‎ 2.咨询有关信息 ‎ 1）所教汉字内容（give me a list of Chinese characters）‎ ‎ 2）着色与否（the pictures in colors or in black and white）‎ ‎ 3) 截止日期（the deadline）‎ ‎ 3.寒暄结束（Looking forward to your early reply）‎ 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）‎ impress sb. greatly that…; plan to do; teach sb. sth; be willing to do; lend a helping hand; inquire about; to start with; make preparations; in advance; feel free to do; look forward to .‎ 第三步：连词成句 ‎1. It impresses me greatly that you plan to teach your classmates some basic Chinese characters with hand-drawn pictures.‎ ‎2. I'm willing to lend a helping hand, but I need to inquire about some details.‎ ‎3. To start with, would you please give me a list of Chinese characters you want to teach, which helps me make preparations in advance.‎ ‎4. Please do feel free to let me know if you have other requirements.‎ ‎5. Looking forward to your early reply.‎ 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ - 31 -‎ 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）‎ ‎1.表文章结构顺序：first of all; firstly/first; to start with; secondly/second…; and then; finally; in the end; at last ‎2.表并列补充关系：what is more; besides; moreover; furthermore; in addition 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，‎ 第五步：润色修改 ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。‎ ‎1）作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：‎ It impresses me greatly that you plan to teach your classmates some basic Chinese characters with hand-drawn pictures.( 你打算用手绘的方式教你的同学一些基本的汉字，这给我留下了很深的印象。)这句话运用了it做形式主语，that引导主语从句。‎ I'm willing to lend a helping hand, but I need to inquire about some details.( 我很愿意帮忙，但我需要询问一些细节。)这句话运用了but并列连词连接两个并列句。‎ To start with, would you please give me a list of Chinese characters you want to teach, which helps me make preparations in advance?( 首先，你能给我一个你想教的汉字的列表吗？这有助于我提前做准备。)这句话中包含省略引导的定语从句“you want to teach”修饰先行词a list of Chinese characters，以及which引导的非限制定语从句。‎ Moreover, it's necessary for me to know whether you prefer the pictures in colors or in black and white.( 另外，我想知道你是喜欢彩色的还是黑白的。)这句话中包含whether引导的宾语从句。‎ ‎2）使用了一些固定词组，如impress sb. greatly that…; plan to do; teach sb. sth; be willing to do; lend a helping hand; inquire about; to start with; make preparations; in advance; feel free to do; look forward to等。‎ 全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ - 31 -‎ - 31 -‎