【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit4Wildlifeprotection单元学案（20页word版）

【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit4Wildlifeprotection单元学案（20页word版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit 4 Wildlife protection单元学案 核心单词 ‎1. decrease v. 减少；（使）变小；变少 n. 减少；降低；减少的数量，其后常接介词in/of 联想拓展 decrease (sth.) to/by ... 减少到/了……‎ increase vi.&vt. 增加；增长；增强 ‎ n.增加；增加的数量 increase to/by ...增加到/了……‎ on the decrease/increase 在减少/增加 易混辨析 reduce/decrease reduce 强调在“数量、大小，程度或强度”方面下降或减少。‎ decrease 侧重强调“稳定地，逐渐地，不断地”减少。‎ They are making every effort to decrease the production cost. 他们正在尽力降低生产成本。‎ The membership decreased to 150.‎ 会员数减少到了150人。‎ The number of students in the class has decreased by 20.‎ 班级里的人数减少了20人。‎ There has been a decrease in our imports. ‎ 我们的进口数量减少了。‎ 高手过招 完成句子 ‎ ‎①这些措施将有助于降低生产成本。‎ ‎ will help the cost of production.‎ ‎②人口出生率正在下降。‎ The birthrate is . ‎ 答案：①These measures; decrease ‎②on the decrease ‎2. suggest vt. 建议；提出（意见、计划、理论等）；暗示；表明 常用结构：‎ suggest+doing 建议做……‎ suggest sb./sb.’s doing sth.‎ 建议某人做某事（不说suggest sb. to do sth.）‎ suggest sth. to sb. ‎ 向某人提议…… （不能说suggest sb. sth.）‎ suggest (to sb.)+that从句(向某人)建议。（所接从句用虚拟语气：sb.+should+动词原形，should可以省略）‎ It is suggested that ... 建议是……‎ suggest sth. 暗示；表明……‎ suggest+that从句 暗示；表明……（从句用陈述语气）‎ suggest sth. to sb. 使某人想起……‎ I suggest doing it in another way. ‎ 我建议换一种方式做这件事。 ‎ They suggested another shop to us.‎ 他们向我们建议了另一家商店。 ‎ She suggested that we（should）have lunch at the new restaurant.‎ 她建议我们在那家新开的餐馆吃午餐。 ‎ Her expression suggested that she had told a lie.‎ 她的表情表明她撒了谎。‎ 温馨提示 ‎ suggestion, advice, proposal作“建议”讲时，相关的名词性从句要用虚拟语气。‎ My suggestion is that we (should) go to the cinema together.我建议我们一块儿去看电影。(表语从句)‎ It’s suggested that you (should) stay here for another week.建议你在这儿再待一个星期。(主语从句)‎ He gave me an suggestion that I should go to Shanghai for a holiday.他建议我去上海旅游。(同位语从句) ‎ 高手过招 单项填空 His suggestion to see the art exhibition interested everyone of us. ‎ A. that we go B. which we should go ‎ C. that we would go D. we should go ‎ 解析：选A。不管是suggest的何种形式，在句子中有“建议”之意时，后接的从句必须用虚拟语气。 ‎ ‎3. affect vt. 影响；侵袭；相当于；使感动；激起（悲伤、愤怒、爱等情绪）‎ 易混辨析 affect/effect/influence ‎ affect vt.表示“影响，（病）侵袭”，多指不好的影响。当affect的宾语是人时，它表示引起心智或感情上的影响，即“使……感动”。‎ ‎ effect 表示“影响”时，是名词，指由于某种原因直接产生的结果，常用短语为：have an effect on对……有影响；in effect正在实行；实际上；side effect副作用；take effect开始实行；开始生效；without effect没有效果；come into effect生效；实施；bring/carry sth. into effect使……生效；be of no effect 无效果。‎ influence多指对人的思想、观念、心理情绪等内在的东西产生潜移默化的影响，或对人的决定、行为等造成某种程度的影响。‎ The disease is beginning to affect her brain.‎ 疾病逐渐侵袭她的大脑。 ‎ We are deeply affected by his devotion to work.‎ 他对工作的奉献令我们深受感动。 ‎ The book had a great influence on his life. ‎ 这本书对他的人生影响很大。 ‎ He is, in effect, my rival. 实际上，他是我的竞争对手。 ‎ 高手过招 单项填空 Sichuan province by the earthquake，causing difficulties to the postfestival road transport. ‎ A. were affected B. was affected C. had effected D. has affected ‎ 解析：选B。affect 为动词，意思是“影响；感动”；effect为名词，意思是“影响；效果”。根据句意选择B。 ‎ ‎4. appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；意识到；体会；理解 ‎ appreciate后可接名词、代词、动名词、名词性从句等作宾语，但不能接不定式。表示“感激，感谢”时，其后的宾语只能为“物”，不能为“人”。其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句，若语义上需要接这类从句，需借助it，即：appreciate it if/when ...。 ‎ 易混辨析 appreciate/thank appreciate 意为“感激，感谢”时的结构为：‎ ‎ appreciate (doing) sth.‎ ‎ appreciate it if/when ...‎ thank表示“感谢”时的结构为：thank sb. for sth.。‎ I appreciate your ability very much.‎ 我很欣赏你的能力。‎ We shall appreciate hearing from you again.‎ 能再次收到你的来信，我们将十分感激。‎ I appreciate that you have come here so early.‎ 感谢你来得这么早。‎ I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it.如果你能帮助我做这件事，我将不胜感激。 ‎ 高手过招 单项填空 I really appreciate to relax with you on this nice island.‎ A. to have had time　 B. having time C. to have time　 D. to having time ‎ 解析：选B。考查appreciate的搭配。此处appreciate意为“欣赏”，其后不能接动词不定式作宾语，而只能用名词或动名词形式。 ‎ ‎5. mercy n. 仁慈；宽恕；宽容；恩惠；幸运；怜悯 常用结构：‎ at the mercy of sb./sth. 任由某人(某事物)摆布或控制 have mercy on/upon 对……有怜悯心 show mercy to sb. 宽恕/怜悯某人 without mercy 毫不留情地；残忍地 They showed mercy to their enemies. ‎ 他们对敌人很仁慈。‎ It’s a mercy she wasn’t hurt in the accident. ‎ 她在事故中未受伤, 真幸运。‎ 高手过招 翻译句子 ‎ ‎①那只船在暴风雨中失去了控制。‎ ‎②可怜可怜我们吧！‎ 答案：①The ship was at the mercy of the storm. ‎ ‎②Have mercy on us!‎ ‎6. hunt vi.&vt.打猎，猎取；搜索 Wolves hunt in packs.‎ 狼是成群猎食的。‎ Police are hunting an escaped criminal.‎ 警方正在追捕逃犯。‎ 常用结构：‎ hunt for 试图找到(某人/物)‎ hunt after 探求；追求 答案：①I’m hunting for a lost book.‎ ‎②Many people hunt after fame all their lives but never find it. ‎ ‎7. include vt. 包括；包含 include侧重指范围，其主语和宾语属于同类，是整体与部分的关系。后面常接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。‎ The trip includes a visit to Beijing.‎ 旅行包括到北京参观。‎ 联想拓展 contain vt. 表示“包含，含有；能容纳”，侧重指内容或成分，其主语和宾语不属于同类。‎ This fruit contains a lot of vitamins.‎ 这个水果含有丰富的维他命。‎ hold vt. 表示“容纳；盛有……”；表示“里面装有……”时可与contain互换。‎ This room can hold 50 people.这间屋子能容纳50人。‎ 高手过招 ‎(1)用include的适当形式填空 ‎①Our group has ten students, Tom .‎ ‎②We will learn 7 subjects this term, PE.‎ ‎(2)单项填空 ‎ Even if they didn’t the cost of food in the tour, it’s still a cheap vacation to the U.S.‎ A. Hold B. contain C. share D. Include 解析：(1)①included ②including ‎(2) 选D。根据句意可知用“包括”。而contain多用来强调所包含的内容本来就是物体固有的一部分。‎ 重点短语 ‎8. die out ‎ 灭绝；逐渐消失；灭亡 联想拓展 die for渴望；很想 ‎ die to do 渴望；很想 die away（尤指声音、光、风）逐渐消失;停止 die down （兴奋、激动等情绪）渐弱；渐息；平息 die off （家族，种族等）相继死亡；（草木）枯死 die from/of 因……而死；通常由疾病、饥寒、情感原因造成的死亡用die of,除此之外的原因用die from。‎ Many species will soon die out if we don’t take action.‎ 如果我们不采取行动，许多物种将很快灭绝。‎ Many old customs have died out.‎ 许多旧的风俗已不复存在。 ‎ 高手过招 ‎(1)单项填空 ‎①This kind of plants are . Some day they ‎ will forever. ‎ A. dying off；die out B. dying away；die off C. dying down；die out D. dying out；die away ‎②Unfortunately, the soldier died a wound in the chest. ‎ A. from B. out ‎ C. off D. down ‎(2)用die的相关短语填空 ‎ ‎①The noise of the car in the distance.‎ ‎②The old traditions are .‎ ‎③The man a wound.‎ ‎④I’m something to eat. ‎ 解析:(1)①选A。前面句子用了进行时，表示正在灭亡，故用die off。后面表示有一天会永远消失，故用die out。‎ ‎②选A。根据句意此处soldier死的原因应该是胸部受伤。‎ ‎(2)①died away ②dying out ③died from ‎④dying for ‎ ‎9. protect ...from ... ‎ 保护……免受……，后接较小的事情或危害，如：frost, harm, catching cold。‎ 联想拓展 protect ...against ...后接较大的事情，如：战争、灾害、重税、威胁等。‎ keep sb. from doing sth. prevent/stop sb.(from) doing sth.阻止某人做某事 keep sb. doing sth.使某人一直做某事 defend ...from/against保卫……以抵御…… ‎ 易混辨析 ‎ defend/protect/guard/preserve ‎ defend 保卫；防护；防守（含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思）；protect 常含有提供安全的方式来驱开不适、伤害或进攻的意思；guard 含有看守的意思；preserve 指采取措施维护、保护、保存。‎ You must learn to protect yourself from the danger.‎ 你必须学会保护自己，免遭危险。‎ She had to defend herself against the guard dog. ‎ 她不得不防备看门狗咬她。‎ A policeman was guarding the entrance to the embassy.‎ 一位警察正守卫在大使馆出口处。‎ It is one of the duties of the police to preserve public ‎ order.警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序。 ‎ 高手过招 单项填空 Use the umbrella to yourself from the rain. ‎ A. prevent B. protect ‎ C. defend D. protection ‎ 解析：选B。prevent sb. from doing sth.防止某人干某事，意思类似于stop/keep sb. from doing sth.；protect sb. from sth.保护某人免遭伤害；defend保卫；防护；防守（含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思）。‎ ‎10. pay attention to ‎ 注意 联想拓展 bring sth. to one’s attention 使某事引起某人注意 call/draw one’s attention to sth. 使某人注意某事 draw/catch/attract one’s attention 引起某人的注意 fix/focus/concentrate one’s attention on sth. ‎ 集中注意力于某事物 You should pay attention to your spelling.‎ 你要注意自己的拼写。‎ 高手过招 完成句子 ‎ ‎①他的提议没有引起任何注意。‎ No attention his advice. ‎ ‎②他提醒我注意一些新的证据。‎ He some new evidence. ‎ 答案：①was paid to ‎②called/drew my attention to ‎11. come into being ‎ 形成；产生（不可用于被动语态或进行时）‎ 联想拓展 come into existence 形成；产生；开始存在 come into effect/force/operation开始生效；开始实施 come into use 开始被使用 come into power上台执政 come into fashion 开始流行 come into office 就职 come into action 开始行动 We do not know when this world came into being. ‎ 我们不知道世界是何时形成的。 ‎ 高手过招 单项填空 Before the computer , people could never imagine it could bring about such great changes to human life. ‎ A. came into being B. was discovered C. was come into being D. was formed ‎ 解析：选A。句意为：在电脑出现之前，人们绝不会想到它会给人类的生活带来如此巨大的变化。电脑不能说是“被发现”或“被形成”的，排除B、D两项。come into being不能用于被动语态和进行时，排除C项，故选A。 ‎ 重点句型 ‎12. Why are they in danger of disappearing?‎ 它们为什么处于灭绝的危险中？‎ 常用结构：‎ in danger (of) 在危险中 be in danger of 有……的危险 be out of danger 脱离危险 The girl’s life was obviously in immediate danger.‎ 很明显,这女孩的生命危在旦夕。‎ The sick man is in danger of death. 这位病人有死亡的危险。‎ The wounded policeman is now out of danger.‎ 受伤的警察已脱离危险。‎ 联想拓展 be a danger to sb./sth. 危险的人/因素 be dangerous for 对……有危险 endanger vt. 危害，危及 endangered adj. 有危险的；濒临灭绝的 ‎ 高手过招 完成句子 ‎①他再这样下去会丢掉工作的。‎ He is losing his job if he goes on like this.‎ ‎②警察说这个男人对于公众来说是个危险分子。‎ The police said the man was the public.‎ 答案： ①in danger of ②a danger to ‎13. They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans come into being.‎ 千百万年前，恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多。‎ long before ...在……之前很长一段时间 I knew the news that they were invited to the party, long before you told me.‎ 早在你告诉我之前很久我就知道他们被邀请来参加晚会的消息了。‎ 单元综合知识测试 ‎(2018·安庆二模)‎ ‎ Dragging a sleigh loaded with enough presents for the world's children can be no easy skill. But，since ancient times，the Christmas Eve duty has been performed with distinction by a team of beloved reindeer(驯鹿)．‎ ‎ Soon，however，Santa Claus may have to start looking around for a stronger type of animal，as a new research shows the species is becoming increasingly puny.A 16year survey on the arctic Norwegian island of Svalbard found the reindeer there have declined in weight by an alarming 12 percent.‎ ‎ The reduction in average bodymass is being blamed on global warming. In the ‎ research presented lately at a meeting of the British Ecological Society in Liverpool，scientists have explained how rising temperatures are robbing female reindeer of nutrients during important periods of pregnancy.‎ ‎ Snow in Svalbard typically covers the ground for eight months of the year，which，combined with low temperatures，limits grass growth to June and July. But as summer temperatures have increased by around 1.5℃，grass has become more productive，allowing female reindeer to gain more weight by the autumn and therefore to have more babies. However，warmer winters have brought with them greater rainfall which freezes when it settles on the snow. Reindeer can often access the poor food sources beneath the snow by clearing it away with their antlers(鹿角)，but they cannot break through the hard ice. As a result，female reindeer are becoming starved，causing them to abort their babies or give birth to much lighter young.‎ ‎ Despite the findings，reindeer appear to be suffering less from the effect of climate change than some other arctic species. Last week the scientists warned that a third of the world’s polar bears could disappear in the next 40 years.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了一项关于驯鹿受气候变化影响的研究。‎ ‎12．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “puny” in Paragraph 2?‎ A．Strong. 　　　　　B．Mature.‎ C．Heavy. D．Weak.‎ 解析：D　词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Soon，however，Santa Claus may have to start looking around for a stronger type of animal...”可知，圣诞老人可能很快就得开始寻找一种更加强壮的动物了，由此可推断出驯鹿不像以前那样强壮了，故puny的意思为“瘦弱的”，与weak意思相近。‎ ‎13．Why do female reindeer become fat in autumn?‎ A．The temperature is getting low.‎ B．They give birth to more babies.‎ C．Grass has grown well since summer.‎ D．They often break through the hard ice.‎ 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“But as summer temperatures have increased by around 1.5℃，grass has become more productive，allowing female reindeer to gain more weight by the autumn and therefore to have more babies.”可知，由于夏季气温会升高约1.5℃，牧草更茂盛，使得雌性驯鹿到了秋天会变胖。‎ ‎14．What can we infer from the text?‎ A．Climate change has little effect on reindeer.‎ B．Polar bears suffer more from climate change.‎ C．Reindeer have no trouble finding food in winter.‎ D．Polar bears will disappear in the near future.‎ 解析：B　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，驯鹿受气候变化的影响似乎比其他北极的生物受到的影响要小，且科学家们警告称，全球三分之一的北极熊可能在未来40年内消失。‎ ‎15．What does the text mainly talk about?‎ ‎ A．The Christmas Eve duty will still be carried out by reindeer.‎ ‎ B．Reindeer has decreased in weight owing to global warming.‎ ‎ C．Global warming contributes to more young reindeer.‎ ‎ D．Many arctic species are at the risk of dying out.‎ ‎ 解析：B　主旨大意题。通读文章，本文主要介绍全球变暖导致驯鹿平均体重降低了12%，故选B项。A项表述并非事实；C、D两项偏离主题。‎ 课时练(三)　第Ⅱ卷强化增分练——练规范 ‎(限时：45分钟)‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 ‎(2018·河北省保定三中调考)‎ If you’ve always felt that you look __1__ (attractive) in videos than you do in photographs, you’re not alone. A recent study __2__(do) by researchers at UC Davis and Harvard has found this to be true. It turns out that looking attractive in photos isn’t easy due to __3__ the researchers are calling the “frozen face effect”．‎ In the study university __4__(volunteer) were asked to watch 20 videos of various faces, after __5__they were given 20 stills pulled from the videos they had just watched. When they were then asked to rank the imagery based __6__ attractiveness, the videos consistently ranked higher than the corresponding stills(定格画面)．The researchers even __7__(try) giving the subjects a series of photos shown as a group, but regardless, the video ranked higher——__8__(apparent) we humans like moving faces.‎ Maybe a portrait(人像)photographer’s most prized skill has to do with bringing out __9__ best in people or Photoshop; but in reality it may just be the ability __10__(overcome)the “frozen face effect”．‎ ‎【语篇解读】　哈佛和加州大学戴维斯分校的研究人员发现人们在视频里比在照片上看起来更迷人。也许摄影师的高超技能展现出人类最美的一面。但是事实上可能是因为拥有克服僵化的表情的能力。‎ ‎1．解析：more attractive　考查形容词比较级。句意：如果你认为你在视频里比在照片上看起来更迷人，有这种想法的不只是你一个人。look后面跟形容词，根据than you do in photographs，可以判定用比较级。故填more attractive。‎ ‎2．解析：done　考查非谓语动词。句意：哈佛和加州大学戴维斯分校的研究员的最新研究表明这是真的。根据两个句子之间没有连词，谓语动词是has found可以得知第二个动词用非谓语形式，研究和做是被动关系。故填done。‎ ‎3．解析：what　考查从句引导词。句意：在照片中看着不迷人是因为僵硬的表情引起的。介词to后面的宾语从句中call缺少宾语。故填what。‎ ‎4．解析：volunteers　考查名词。句意：在研究中大学生志愿者被要求观看20个不同表情的视频。Were可以判断出主语用复数形式。故填volunteers。‎ ‎5．解析：which　考查关系代词。句意：在这之后给志愿者们从视频中截取的图片。定语从句指代前面整件事，介词后只能用which。故填which。‎ ‎6．解析：on/upon　考查介词。句意：当志愿者被要求根据迷人程度排列一下时，视频总是比定格画面顺序朝前。“以……为基础”是base...on/upon。此处填介词。故填on/upon。‎ ‎7．解析：tried　考查动词时态。句意：研究员甚至尝试要求志愿者按照照片排列，但是尽管这样，视频还是排列靠前。本段做的实验是过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填tried。‎ ‎8．解析：apparently　考查副词。句意：很明显，我们喜欢移动中的面孔。副词修饰整句话。故填apparently。‎ ‎9．解析：the　考查冠词。句意：也许摄影师的高超技能展现出人类最美的一面。此处表示最高级the best，故填the。‎ ‎10．解析：to overcome　考查非谓语动词。句意：但是事实上可能是因为拥有克服僵化的表情的能力。做某事的能力ability to ‎ do，用不定式结构作定语。故填to overcome。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 ‎(2018·哈师大附中模拟)‎ ‎ I've learnt from the notice that you're looking for an English editor for us school paper. I'm written this letter to apply for the position.‎ ‎ I'm Li Hua，Senior Three student in our school. In my view，I met your requirements. For one thing，I'm willing to devote some of my spare time to serve others. For another，I'm good at both English or Fine Arts. I’m either skilled in using computers. I would be glad if you could offer to me an opportunity for an interview.‎ ‎ I'm looking forward to your kindly reply at your earliest convenient.‎ 答案：‎ ‎ I've learnt from the notice that you're looking for an English editor for school paper. I'm this letter to apply for the position.‎ ‎ I'm Li Hua， Senior Three student in our school. In my view，I your requirements. For one thing，I'm willing to devote some of my spare time to others. For another，I'm good at both English Fine Arts. I’m skilled in using computers. I would be glad if you could offer ‎ to ‎ me an opportunity for an interview.‎ ‎ I'm looking forward to your reply at your earliest .‎ ‎1．解析：us→our　school paper为名词短语，其前应用形容词性物主代词。故将us→our。‎ ‎2．解析：written→writing　write与主语I之间为主动关系，因此，不用被动语态。故将written改为writing，表示正在进行。‎ ‎3．解析：在Senior前加a　Senior Three student作Li Hua的同位语，泛指“一名高三学生”，因此其前应用不定冠词a。‎ ‎4．解析：met→meet　此处表达“我符合您的要求”，阐述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。故将met→meet。‎ ‎5．解析：serve→serving　devote time to...短语中to是介词，其后如果接动词，应用动名词形式。故将serve→serving。‎ ‎6．解析：or→and　both...and...为固定短语，意为“两者都”。故将or→and。‎ ‎7．解析：either→also　表示“也”，用在句中，应用also; either常用于否定句句末。故将either→also。‎ ‎8．解析：删除offer后的to　offer sb. sth.是固定搭配，意为“提供某人某物”。故删除to。‎ ‎9．解析：kindly→kind　reply为名词，应用形容词修饰。故将kindly→kind。‎ ‎10．解析：convenient→convenience　your earliest为“形容词性物主代词＋形容词”，其后应用名词。故将convenient→convenience。‎ Ⅲ.书面表达 ‎(2018·湖南长沙高三模拟)‎ 假定你是李华，在一个英文网络论坛上，你看到一个名叫Mike的中学生发帖(post)寻求帮助。请根据帖子内容、写作要点和要求回帖。‎ Hi，everyone，‎ ‎ I'm 18 years old and I'm going to a university in Beijing this autumn.My parents insist on going with me to help me with my daily life. But I think I can manage it all by myself. How can I make them change their ideas?‎ ‎ 写作要点：‎ ‎ 1.告诉Mike要理解父母；‎ ‎ 2.给Mike提出解决问题的具体建议。‎ ‎ 注意：1.词数100左右(不含已写好的部分)；‎ ‎ 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Hi，Mike，‎ ‎ As a student of your age，I understand your situation.________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：‎ Hi，Mike，‎ ‎ As_a_student_of_your_age，I_understand_your_situation.I think it is wise of you to go all by yourself.But you need to deal with your problem cautiously.You'd better avoid hurting the feelings of your parents.Here are some of my suggestions.‎ As your parents，they may have many reasons to go with you.This is your first time to be far away from home for so long，and they surely have some worries and wish to see everything go well.So have a talk with them peacefully and listen patiently.‎ And then，express your thanks for all their love and care.Persuade them you can manage everything well this time just as you did many times in the past.Remember to invite them to Beijing when you have already settled down.I am sure they will understand you and take your idea into consideration.‎ All the best.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua