2012年中考英语语法考点知识复习21

2012年中考英语语法考点知识复习21

‎2012年中考英语考点21动词主谓一致 有关动词的重点：只有动词才能作谓语。动词分为行为动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词等。‎ ‎（一）联系动词：be，become(成为)，turn(变颜色)，grow(变天气)，look，smell，taste，‎ sound(good√，well×)，seem，feel。‎ ‎（二）有关use的词组：① used to do过去常常作，be used to doing 习惯于。‎ ‎1. ---My aunt goes to climb mount Gu every Sunday. ‎ ‎---Oh !But she________hate climbing mountain. ‎ A. used to B. use to C. uses to D. is used to ‎2. Lilei is used to getting early. ‎ 注意：used to do 的否定式为used not to do 或didn’t use to 疑问式为：Did sb use to? 或used sb…?‎ ‎② 人+use sth for doing = 人+use sth to do 用某物做… ‎ 其被动形式为：物+be used to do = 物+be used for doing People use stone for building houses = People use stone to build houses. ‎ Stone is used for building houses = Stone is used to build houses. ‎ ‎（三）can’t表示“不可能”即否定性推测。mustn’t禁止、不可能；‎ must“一定”表示肯定性推测；must引起的问句，其否定回答为needn’t. ‎ ‎1. The man _______be Li Lei. ‎ Li Lei has gone to Beijing. ‎ A. can’t B. mustn’t C. may not D. needn’t ‎2. A lot of cars are coming and going. You_______go across the street. ‎ A. needn’t B. may not C. mustn’t D. must 9‎ ‎3. Must I return the book tomorrow morning? No, you_______. You_______keep it for three days. ‎ A. mustn’t, may B. mustn’t, must C. needn’t, can D. needn’t, may ‎4. ---Look! The man at the gate _______be our headmaster. He is always standing there every morning. ---No, it be him. He is holding a meeting in the office now. ‎ A. must, can’t B. must, mustn’t C. can, can’t D. can, mustn’t ‎（四）及物动词与介词搭配：give, show, pass, lend+物+to+ sb = give(…)sb sth make, sing, buy+物+for+ sb = make(sing, buy)sb sth ‎（五）及物动词+副词结构, 构成的动词短语的宾语是人称代词时，把代词放中间 get (it) back，put (it) on，take (it) off，turn (it) on，pick (it) up，try (it) on，‎ look (it) up，wake (me) up，put (it) up. ‎ ‎1. Smoking is bad for your health. You’d better_______. ‎ A. give up it B. give it up C. take out it D. take it out 基础知识：情态动词 ‎（一）can：①表能力“能，会”；②表推测“可能”；③表允许“可以”。‎ ‎1. --- you pass me a pen? I’d like to write down the phone number. ---Sure, Here it is. ‎ A. Can B. Need C. Might D. Must ‎（二）could：can的过去式，表过去的能力。但could本身也可作情态动词，表委婉请求。‎ ‎（三）may：①允许“可以”；②表推测“可能”。‎ ‎1. I swim when I was ten years old. ‎ ‎2. John go there with as tonight, but he is not very sure about it. ‎ A. must B. can C. will D. may 9‎ ‎（四）must：①主观看法“必须”；②推测“一定”。‎ ‎（五）need：①情态动词：need+动原②实义动词：need to do③need doing=need to be done ‎1. You worry about me. It’s nothing serious. ‎ A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. won’t ‎（六）情态动词的被动态：情态动词+be+过分 ‎（七）may be 和maybe ①maybe用于句首，可能；②may be可能是 ‎1. If you eat bad food, you ill. A. may be B. can’t be C. must D. maybe 练习 ‎1. ---May we play football in the street?---No, you . It’s dangerous. ‎ A. can B. mustn’t C. may D. may not ‎2. The man in the office be Mr. Black because he went home just now. ‎ A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. needn’t ‎3. The old man was quite weak after the accident. So he . ‎ A. must be take care of B. must take care of C. must be looked after ‎4. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish into the river. ‎ A. needn’t be thrown B. mustn’t be thrown C. can’t throw D. may not throw ‎5. ---Hurry up, please!---It’s quite early, you worry about the time. ‎ A. mustn’t B. may not C. needn’t D. can’t ‎6. ---There’s somebody at the door. Who it be?‎ ‎---No, it be him. It’s just seven o’clock. It’s too early. ‎ A. may, can’t B. will, won’t C. may, mustn’t ‎7. ---Excuse me, could I borrow some money from you?---Of course you . ‎ 9‎ A. could B. can C. must D. need ‎8. The flower every day, or they’ll die. ‎ A. must water B. can be watered C. should water D. must be watered ‎9. ---What did your PE teacher say about your high jump at the sports meeting. ‎ ‎---He said that I better. A. can do B. am C. will do D. could do ‎10. ---Where’s Lucy?---I’m not sure. She in the library. ‎ A. maybe B. must C. may be D. will be 主谓一致即谓语动词的数与主语的单复数一致：‎ ‎（一）One，every one，each one，any one，each，either，nine of+复数+单谓。‎ Every one of the students is studying hard. Neither of the girls is able to answer it. ‎ ‎1. Neither of the two brothers with their parents. ‎ A. live B. are living C. like to live D. lives ‎2. of the boys in Class4 is playing games. ‎ A. All B. Each C. The both ‎（二）不定式、动名词作主语时，谓语用单数 To teach is to learn. Playing with fire is dangerous. ‎ ‎1. Palying baseball Dale’s favourite sport. ‎ A. is B. are C. were ‎（三）主语后跟含有with. except. together. with. as well as等短语时, 单复数应根据主语而定，而不受这些短语的影响。‎ ‎1. Everyone except Tom and John there when the meeting began. ‎ A. are B. is C. were D. was 9‎ ‎（四）主语为people. Police. cattle（家禽）poultry（家畜）等时，谓语用复数。‎ The police are looking for the missing child. Most people think so. ‎ ‎（五）主语为复数而意义为单数，谓语用单数：‎ ‎①news，works（作品，工作），physics，politic政治，mathematics数学，谓语用单数；‎ ‎②trousers, Shoes, glasses为主语时, 谓语用复数，当前面有a pair of修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。‎ ‎1. I think physics ________maths. ‎ A. is so useful as B. are more useful as C. are as useful as D. is much more useful than ‎（六）表示时间、长度、价格、质量等短语做主语时，即使其中的名词为复数名词，谓语动词也应用单数形式：‎ Three years has already passed quickly. ‎ Fifty yuan is enough. ‎ ‎（七）由every，some，any，no构成的复合不定式代词做主语时，谓语用单数。‎ ‎1. Every girl ________to attend the English Party. ‎ A. wish B. wishes C. is like D. like ‎（八）就近原则：由either…or，Neither…nor，not only…but also连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。‎ ‎1. Not only students but also their teacher ________the plan. ‎ A. object B. objects C. is object D. is objected There be句型中连接并列的主谓时，谓语用就近原则。‎ There is a girl and four boys in the room. ‎ ‎2. There some Chinese and three Americans in the travelling team. ‎ 9‎ A. are B. is C. has D. have ‎（九）so，neither倒装句：so do I句型（即so+be/助动词/情态动词+主语），表示“两种情况相同”。注意：时态和数要一致。‎ ‎ So I do陈述语序，表示“的确如此”。‎ ‎ Neither/Nor+ be/助动词/情态动词+主语，表示“两种情况都不”‎ ‎1. ---Tom bought a computer yesterday. ---So she. (so he )‎ ‎2. ---The boy didn’t go to the Park. ---Neither (nor) I. ‎ ‎（十）由and连接两个不同的单数名词或代词作主语时，表示不同概念时，谓语动词用复数；而表示同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。‎ Jack and Tom look heathy and strong. ‎ The poet and musician visits our school today. ‎ ‎（十一）the+姓氏s 表示“一家人”，谓语动词用复数。‎ The Blacks enjoy working in China. ‎ ‎（十二）a number of+名复+复谓 表示“很多”；‎ ‎ the number of+名复+单谓 表示“…的数目”。‎ The number of people invited more than 200, and a number of them been here now. ‎ ‎ A. were, has B. were, have C. was, has D. was, have 练习 ‎1．Neither Wei Hua nor Ann ________ on the team． ‎ ‎ A．is B．are C．goes D．go ‎ ‎2．“I think neither this shirt nor that one ________ good”，he said． ‎ ‎ A．are B．is C．were D．was ‎ ‎3．This is Miss Gao．She ________ your new teacher． ‎ 9‎ ‎ A．be B．am C．is D．are ‎ ‎4．His parents ________ coming to meet the teacher tonight． ‎ ‎ A．are B．were C．is ‎ ‎5．How much milk ________ in the bottle？ ‎ ‎ A．has B．are there C．is there ‎ ‎6．Everyone except Tom and John ________ there when the meeting began． ‎ ‎ A．is B．was C．are D．were ‎ ‎7．________ Lily ________ Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home． A．Not only ；but also ‎ ‎ B．Neither；nor ‎ ‎ C．Both；and ‎ ‎ D．Either；or ‎ ‎8．________ the population of China？ ‎ ‎ A．How much is ‎ ‎ B．How many are ‎ ‎ C．What is ‎ ‎ D．What number is ‎ ‎9．Jenny and her parents ________ going to visit the Palace Museum tomorrow A．is B．am C．are D．be ‎ ‎10．Neither the students nor the teacher ________ in the classroom the moment． ‎ A．were B．was C．weren't D．wasn't ‎ ‎11．—How many students are there in your school？‎ ‎ —________ the students in our school ________ over two thousand． ‎ 9‎ ‎ A．The number of；is 　‎ ‎ B．The number of；are ‎ ‎ C．A number of；is ‎ ‎ D．A number of；are ‎ ‎12．—Are the twins on the football team？‎ ‎—No，neither of them ________ on the team． ‎ A．is B．are C．were D．be ‎ ‎13．Either Bob or Peter ________ watching the 17th World Cup now． ‎ ‎ A．is B．are C．am D．be ‎ ‎ 9‎ 英语主谓一致考查题例答案与详解 ‎1．A。neither．．．nor．．．连接两个并列主语时，应根据“就近一致”的原则，谓语动词的数与nor后面的词语相一致。‎ ‎2．B。同上。‎ ‎3．C。主语为单数第三人称。‎ ‎4．A。一般现在时，主语为复数。 ‎ ‎5．C。主语是不可数名词，动词用单数第三人称形式。‎ ‎6．B。主语是everyone，且为一般过去时。‎ ‎7．D。根据句子的意思是“两者之一”故选D。‎ ‎8．C。某地区和国家的人口是单数第三人称，表示一事物。‎ ‎9．C。主语为复数。‎ ‎10．B。neither…nor采取就近原则，故用单数，且用肯定式。‎ ‎11．A。表示“……的数量”应用the number of，谓语动词用单数第三人称形式；而anumber of表示“许多，大量的”。‎ ‎12．A。同1题。‎ ‎13．A。采用就近原则。‎ 9‎