高中英语必修4 - Unit 5单元训练及解析

高中英语必修4 - Unit 5单元训练及解析

Unit 5 ‎ ‎(时间：45分钟　满分：60分)‎ Ⅰ.单项填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎1．More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers a great________of goods.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ A．expression B．mixture C．variety D．combination 答案　C　[考查固定短语。a (great) variety of＝varieties of各种各样的。句意：越来越多的人到超市购物，因为超市能提供各种各样的物品。]‎ ‎2．The UK________ Great Britain and Northern Ireland, is a country famous________its history.(2012·北京市重点高中高三期中)‎ A．consisted of，for B．consisting of, as ‎ C．consisting of，for D．consisted of, as 答案　C　[考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。consist of由……构成，不用于被动语态，故句中应用v.ing形式作后置定语；be famous for...以……而闻名；be famous as...作为……而闻名。句意：英国由大不列颠和北爱尔兰构成，是一个以其历史而闻名的国家。可知应选C项。]‎ ‎3．You can't camp________you like these days.Many natural areas are now under protection.‎ A．whichever B．wherever C．what D．when 答案　B　[考查状语从句引导词。wherever引导让步地点状语从句，相当于no matter where。句意：现在你不能想在什么地方露营都可以了，很多的自然地区都受到保护了。]‎ ‎4．— Do you want tea or coffee?‎ ‎— I don't mind, ________one you're making.(2012·东北师大附中学高三摸底)‎ A．however B．whenever C．whichever D．whatever 答案　C　[考查复合形容词作定语。whichever one＝no matter which one无论哪一个；句意：——你想喝茶还是喝咖啡？——你在煮的哪一个(茶或咖啡)都可以，我并不介意。]‎ ‎5．Tiangong1 is reported________on Sep.28 in China, which________worldwide attention.(2012·郑州第四十七中学高三期中)‎ A．being launched; attaches B．to be launched; attracted C．having been launched; attached D．to have been launched; attracts ‎ 答案　D　[句意：据报道，中国于9月28号发射了天宫一号，引起了全世界的广泛关注。sb/sth is reported to do...“据报道某人/某物做某事”，第一个空用B或D项都合适，但B项里面的attracted时态与前面的is reported不一致，故应排除。]‎ ‎6．— Given its breathtaking natural landscape and a relaxing atmosphere — most stores in 7‎ ‎ Norway are closed at 5 o'clock every day.‎ ‎— It's ________that Norway has the highest quality of life.‎ A．no wonder B．no problem C．no doubt D．no way 答案　A　[句意：——不用说那令人惊叹的自然美景和放松的气氛了，在挪威大部分的商店每天都在5点就关门了。——难怪挪威人拥有最高的生活质量。A项意为“难怪；怪不得”；B项意为“没问题”；C项意为“毫无疑问”；D项意为“没门”。]‎ ‎7．Every child is________， with their own needs, preferences and talents.‎ A．contradictory B．similar C．original D．unique 答案　D　[考查形容词辨析。contradictory矛盾的；对立的；similar相似的；original原始的；起源的；unique独一无二的。句意：每个孩子都各有特点，有他们自己的需要、爱好和天赋。]‎ ‎8．We had a big meal in a fine restaurant last Monday and the total cost________five hundred dollars.‎ A．came through B．came in C．came out with D．came to 答案　D　[考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“经历；成功”；B项意为“进来；出现”；C项意为“提出；出版”；D项意为“到达；达到(数目)”。由句意：上周一我们在一个高档饭店吃了一顿大餐，花费高达五百美元。可知应选D项。]‎ ‎9．Henry hurried to the library only to find a notice at the gate, saying “No________before12 noon”．(2012·江苏南通市高三调研)‎ A．permission B．admission C．submission D．commission 答案　B　[考查名词词义辨析。permission允许；许可；admission(学校、会场等的)进入许可；入场费；submission屈服；顺从；commission委托；佣金。句意：哈利匆忙赶到图书馆，却发现门上贴着一张通告：中午12点以前谢绝入内。]‎ ‎10．The boss________company I worked in two years ago has________in solving such kind of problem.(2012·南京溧水高级中学高三调查)‎ A．whose; many experiences B．who; many experiences C．whose; much experience D．which; much experience 答案　C　[‎ 7‎ 句意：我两年前在他的厂子里工作的那个老板在解决此类问题方面很有经验。whose引导定语从句，并在从句中作定语，修饰company；experience作“经验”讲时，为不可数名词，用作“经历”讲时多用作可数名词。]‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)‎ A The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850－1928). After immigrating from England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed “the Garden City”， almost certainly the source of Howard's name for his later building plan of towns. Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing_on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination of designs.‎ The nineteenthcentury poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and crowded; but it offered economic and social opportunities. At the same time, the British countryside was in fact equally unattractive: though it promised fresh air and nature, it suffered from agricultural depression(萧条) and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor much social life. Howard's idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city. Howard's idea was that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside; far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.‎ Garden cities would provide a central public open space, radial avenues and connecting industries. They would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions. As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limit—Howard suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away. Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost without limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide rang of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city.‎ ‎【解题导语】 本文介绍了Ebenezer Howard设计的英国花园城市。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎11．How did Howard get the name for his building plan of garden cities?‎ A．Through his observation of the country life.‎ B．Through the combination of different ideas.‎ C．By taking other people's advice.‎ D．By using the nickname of the reconstructed Chicago.‎ 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第一段的第二、三两句可知，他的花园城市得名于重建后的芝加哥的绰号。]‎ ‎12．The underlined phrase “drawing on ”in Paragraph 1 probably means________.‎ 7‎ A．making use of B．making comments on ‎ C．giving an explanation of D．giving a description of 答案　A　[词义猜测题。联系上下文可知该句大意是：他“利用”当时很受欢迎的一些想法，做出了自己的设计方案。故drawing on有making use of之意。]‎ ‎13．According to Howard, garden cities should be built________.‎ A．as far as possible from existing cities B．in the countryside where the land was cheap C．in the countryside where agriculture was developed D．near cities where employment opportunities already existed 答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句中的“to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside; far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.”，可知选B。]‎ ‎14．What can we learn about garden cities from the last paragraph?‎ A．Their number would continue to rise.‎ B．Each one would continue to become larger.‎ C．People would live and work in the same place.‎ D．Each one would contain a certain type of business.‎ 答案　A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后两句可知garden cities的数量将会持续增加。]‎ ‎15．What could be the best title for the passage?‎ A．City and Countryside B．The Invention of the Garden City C．A New City in Chicago D．A Famous Garden City in England 答案　B　[主旨大意题。根据第一段Ebenezer Howard的经历和花园城市的最初构想，第二段花园城市的设计背景，以及第三段对花园城市未来发展的畅想可知，本文的标题为The Invention of the Garden City。]‎ B ‎“Reduce，reuse and recycle”，this popular environmental slogan tells us how to reduce the amount of rubbish that ends up in landfills.‎ The slogan is being used to deal with one possibly dangerous form of electronic junk，such as old computers，cellphones，and televisions.But this process of managing ewaste may be used in an unscrupulous way more often than not，a recent report suggests.‎ ‎“Many of these materials are being sent to developing nations under the excuse for reuse—to 7‎ ‎ bridge the digital divide，”said Richard Gutierrez，a policy researcher.‎ One of the problems is that no one proves whether these old machines work before they hit the seaways.Because of this，the report says，ewaste is a growing problem in Lagos，Nigeria，and elsewhere in the developing world.Much of the waste ends up being thrown away along rivers and roads.Often it's taken apart by poor people，who may face dangerous exposure to poisonous chemicals in the equipment.‎ Tradesmen also pay workers a little money to get materials back such as gold and copper.This lowtech recovery process could expose workers and the local environment to many dangerous materials used to build electronics.According to Gutierrez，this shadow economy exists because the excuse for recycling and reusing electronics gives businessmen“a green passport” to ship waste around the globe.“Developing nations must take on some of the responsibility themselves，”Gutierrez said.But he added，“A greater part of this responsibility should fall on the exporting state.”‎ China，for example，has become a dumping place for large amounts of ewaste.The nation is beginning to take action to stop the flow of dangerous materials across its borders.The Chinese government，after many years of denials，is finally beginning to take the lead.‎ ‎【解题导语】 本文是一篇科普文。作者介绍了电子垃圾产品给发展中国家带来的危害及其产生的原因，并介绍了中国在这方面取得的成就。‎ ‎16．The underlined word“unscrupulous” in the second paragraph most probably means “________”．‎ A．efficient B．profitable C．unbelievable D．dishonest 答案　D　[词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“...under the excuse for reuse...”以及下文中这些电子垃圾给发展中国家带来的危害可知，此处意为“不诚实的，不公正的”。]‎ ‎17．What does the fourth paragraph mainly discuss?‎ A．Old computers and TVs still work before they are sent abroad.‎ B．Poor people break up ewaste to collect some valuable materials.‎ C．A lot of ewaste is dumped in developing countries.‎ D．The problem of ewaste is growing in developing countries.‎ 答案　D　[主旨归纳题。第四段主要介绍了电子垃圾给许多发展中国家造成的危害。]‎ ‎18．According to what Gutierrez said，we can learn that ________.‎ A．exporting countries should mainly be responsible for the ewaste problem B．neither developed nor developing countries should be blamed for the ewaste problem C．developing countries should be responsible for the ewaste problem D．developing countries should not be blamed for the ewaste problem 7‎ 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“But he added，‘A greater part of this responsibility should fall on the exporting state.'”可知，大部分责任应该由出口国担当，故选A。]‎ ‎19．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________.‎ A．China has hidden a large amount of ewaste in many secret places B．China has greatly changed its idea about the problem of ewaste C．China has prevented poisonous materials from entering China for a long time D．China is falling behind other countries in dealing with ewaste 答案　B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，中国已经改变了对电子垃圾产品问题的观点，故选B。]‎ ‎20．The passage mainly tells us that ________.‎ A．developing countries are facing serious environmental problems B．ewaste is a growing problem in developed countries C．ewaste is sent to developing countries under the excuse for reuse D．developing countries are making full use of ewaste 答案　C　[主旨归纳题。根据全文内容可判断答案为C。]‎ Ⅲ.写作(满分30分)‎ 假如你是校报负责人，急需在学校内聘一位同学任英文版的编辑，请你用英文以“An English Editor Wanted”为题，按照以下要点写一则120～150字的招聘启事。‎ ‎1．描述主要的工作内容；‎ ‎2．希望该同学应满足的条件与要求；‎ ‎3．感兴趣的同学请在本周内与学生会(Students' Union)联系。‎ An English Editor Wanted ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ The Students' Union ‎【参考范文】‎ An English Editor Wanted Our school newspaper is looking for an editor for its English edition. The job mainly includes two parts: one is to choose proper English articles from other newspapers, magazines or the Internet for us students. The other is to pick out articles from students in our school and edit them for use.‎ We hope that he/she could meet the following requirements. First, he/she is willing to devote some of the spare time to serving the others. Second, it's necessary for him/her to be good at both 7‎ ‎ English and fine art. Needless to say，the ability to use the computer is important as well.‎ Those who are interested in the job, please get in touch with the Students' Union this week.‎ The_Students'_Union ‎ 7‎