2019届一轮复习人教版选修六Unit3Ahealthylife单元学案(24页word版)

2019届一轮复习人教版选修六Unit3Ahealthylife单元学案(24页word版)

‎2019届一轮复习人教版选修六Unit 3A healthy life单元学案 基础知识默写篇 一、分层单词 写作词汇 ‎1.　　　　 vt.禁止;取缔 n.禁令;谴责 ‎2.　　　　 vt.使习惯于 ‎ ‎3.　　　　 vt.停止(做某事);离开 ‎ ‎4.　　　　 n. & vt.滥用;虐待 ‎ ‎5.　　　　 adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的 ‎ ‎6.　　　　 adj.困难的;强硬的 ‎ ‎7.　　　　 adj.绝望的;拼命的 ‎ ‎8.　　　　 adj.局促不安的;笨拙的 ‎ ‎9.　　　　n.压力;重音 vt.加压力于;使紧张 ‎10.　　　　adj.入了迷的;上了瘾的 ‎ ‎11.　　　　adj.精神的;智力的 ‎ ‎12.　　　　n.结果;效力 ‎ 阅读词汇 ‎1.sex n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎2.pill n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎3.comprehension n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎4.chemist n. 　　　　　 ‎ ‎5.withdrawal n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎6.alcohol n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎7.adolescent n. & adj.　　　　　 ‎ ‎8.prejudice n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎9.abnormal adj.　　　　　 ‎ ‎10.automatic adj.　　　　　 ‎ ‎11.male adj. & n. 　　　　　 ‎ ‎12.female adj. & n. 　　　　　 ‎ ‎13.pregnant adj. 　　　　　 ‎ ‎14.survival n.　　　　　 ‎ 拓展词汇 ‎1.　　　　 adj.精神的;智力的→　　　　 adv. 精神上;智力上 ‎ ‎2.　　　　 n.压力;重音vt.加压力于;使紧张→　　　　 adj.产生压力的;紧张的 ‎ ‎3.　　　　 n.结果;效力→　　　　adj.有效的 ‎ ‎4.　　　　 vt.加强;巩固;使坚强vi.变强→　　　　 n.力气;体力→　　　　 adj.坚强的;强壮的 ‎ ‎5.　　　　 adj.不健康的;不合适的;不合格的→　　　　 adj.健康的;合适的v.适合 ‎ ‎6.　　　　 adj.不合法的;违法的→　　　　 adj.合法的 ‎ ‎7.　　　　 adj.气喘吁吁的;屏息的→　　　 n.呼吸的空气→　　　　 v.呼吸 ‎ ‎8.　　　　 n.看法;判断;判决→　　　　 n.法官;裁判v.断定;判断;审判 ‎ ‎9.　　　　 adj.尴尬的;陷入困境的→　　　　 vt.使尴尬;使窘迫;→　　　　 adj.让人难堪的;令人尴尬的→　　　　 n.尴尬 ‎ 二、高频短语 ‎1.　　　　　　由于…… ‎ ‎2.　　　　　　对……有瘾 ‎ ‎3.　　　　　　习惯于…… ‎ ‎4.　　　　　　对……做出决定 ‎ ‎5.　　　　　　想要(做)…… ‎ ‎6.　　　　　　 in spite of ‎ ‎7.　　　　　　 take risks/a risk ‎ ‎8.　　　　　　 get into ‎ ‎9.　　　　　　 at risk ‎ ‎10.　　　　　　 have an effect on... ‎ 三、经典句型 ‎1.I　　　　　　(的确希望)so because I want you to　　　　　　　　　　　　(像我这样活得健康长寿). ‎ ‎2.　　　　　　　　　　　　(每当你想要吸烟的时候), remind yourself that you are a non-smoker. ‎ ‎3.　　　　　　　　　(似乎很令人惊异) at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon. ‎ ‎4.When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew 　　　　　　(该戒烟了). ‎ ‎5.Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are 　　　　　　　　　　　　(发现很难把它戒掉). ‎ 基础知识运用篇 一、语境词汇运用 ‎(一)词汇拼写(注意单词或短语的形式变化)‎ ‎1.Scientists are studying the chemical's 　　　(影响)on the environment. ‎ ‎2.What I want to 　　　(强调) is that everyone should form a healthy living habit.  ‎ ‎3.It dealt with issues such as drug 　　　(滥用), violence and unemployment.  ‎ ‎4.It was then that I started to appreciate the 　　　(艰难的) choices she had to make between family and work. ‎ ‎5.When I walked to the bank of the river, I saw a sign saying,“Swimming is 　　　(禁止)in this river.” ‎ ‎6.The miners who were trapped in the mine had no food and water or were getting 　　　(绝望的). ‎ ‎7.After the investigation, the police found all the 　　　(精神上) disabled workers in the factory were treated badly without any possible resistance. ‎ ‎8.They find themselves working to support the life to which they have so quickly become 　　　(习惯了的).  ‎ ‎9.Lack of sleep could put the birds' health 　　　 　　　(遭受危险).  ‎ ‎10.Mistakes 　　　 　　　(由于) carelessness may have serious consequence. ‎ ‎11.It's quite hot today. Do you 　　　 　　　(想要) going for a swim? ‎ ‎12.Once you 　　　 　　　(染上) the bad habit of smoking, it is hard to give it up. ‎ ‎13.Some students 　　　 　　　 　　　(对……有瘾) playing computer games and some often cheat in the exams. ‎ ‎14.　　　 　　　 　　　(尽管) the large-scale construction of roads and highways,there is still much room for improvement because of the increasing number of cars these years.  ‎ ‎15.First, we must 　　　 　　　(决定)the location of our new swimming pool. ‎ ‎16.You have no right to 　　　 　　　(冒险)with other people's lives. ‎ ‎17.The trees themselves also 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　(对……有影响)the climate. ‎ ‎(二)单句填空 ‎1.“Don't hold your　　　 but 　　　 deeply!” said the doctor. (breath)  ‎ ‎2.Tom's parents are worried that he is 　　　 to the computer games which are　　　. (addict) ‎ ‎3.Long-term　　　 situations can produce a lasting,low-level　　　 that is hard on people. (stress) ‎ ‎4.The man in the river 　　　 tried to reach the side. The situation was 　　　 but not hopeless. (desperate) ‎ ‎5.To our 　　　, all the people felt 　　　, complaining the 　　　 film. (disappoint) ‎ ‎6.We both have our own 　　　, so in order to achieve the common goal we must 　　　 the cooperation to make us much 　　　. (strength) ‎ ‎7.What he did is really　　　, of which he should feel　　　. (shame) ‎ ‎8.After hearing some 　　　 music, I felt a great deal more 　　　, and a 　　　 expression appeared on my face. (relax) ‎ ‎9.Everyone has his strengths and 　　　. Thus, we should learn from each other, otherwise, it will 　　　our ability to figure out problems. (weak) ‎ 二、经典句型仿写 ‎1.这个村子和以前一样安静。(as...as)‎ The village　　　　　　　　　it was.  ‎ ‎2.我发现和他相处很容易。(find+it+adj.+to do)‎ I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 him. ‎ ‎3.他的确来过,但很快就回去了。(do强调谓语动词)‎ He　　　　　　 but went back soon. ‎ ‎4.每当我见到他时,他总是在遛他的宠物狗。(every time)‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　, he is always walking his pet dog. ‎ ‎5.我们该保护我们赖以生存的环境了。(It's time that...)‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　we depend on.  ‎ 答案精解精析 基础知识默写篇 一、分层单词 写作词汇 ‎1.ban　2.accustom　3.quit　4.abuse　5.ashamed　6.tough　7.desperate 8.awkward　9.stress　10.addicted　11.mental　12.effect 阅读词汇 ‎1.性别;性　2.药丸;药片　3.理解(力)　4.化学家;药剂师　5.收回;撤退;戒毒(或脱瘾)过程　6.酒;酒精　7.青少年;青春期的　8.偏见;成见　9.畸形的;异常的　10.无意识的;自动的　11.男性的;雄性的;男人;雄性动(植)物　12.女性的;雌性的;女人;雌性动(植)物　13.怀孕的　14.幸存 拓展词汇 ‎1.mental;mentally　2.stress;stressful　3.effect;effective 4.strengthen;strength;strong　5.unfit;fit　6.illegal;legal ‎7.breathless;breath;breathe　8.judgement;judge　9.embarrassed;embarrass;embarrassing;embarrassment 二、高频短语 ‎1.due to　2.be addicted to　3.be accustomed to　4.decide on　5.feel like (doing)...　6.不顾;不管　7.冒险　‎ ‎8.陷入;染上(坏习惯)　9.处境危险;遭受危险　10.对……有影响 三、经典句型 ‎1.do hope;live as long and healthy a life as I have 　2.Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette　‎ ‎3.It seems amazing that　4.it was time to quit smoking 5.finding it difficult to give it up 基础知识运用篇 一、语境词汇运用 ‎(一)词汇拼写 ‎1.effect　 2.stress　3.abuse　4.tough　5.banned 6.desperate　7.mentally　8.accustomed　9.at risk　10.due to ‎11.feel like　12.get into　13.are addicted to　14.In spite of 15.decide on　16.take risks　17.have an effect on ‎(二)单句填空 ‎ ‎1.breath;breathe　2.addicted;addictive　3.stressful;stress　4.desperately;desperate　5.disappointment;disappointed;disappointing　6.strengths;strengthen;stronger　7.shameful; ashamed　8.relaxing; relaxed; relaxed 9.weaknesses; weaken 二、经典句型仿写 ‎1.is as quiet as　2.find it very easy to get along with 3.did come　4.Every time I meet him　‎ ‎5.It is time that we should protect the environment 单元综合知识运用测试 Ⅰ.阅读理解 ‎(2018山东济南一模)‎ A European Union program is letting blind people experience famous paintings for the first time.It uses three-D printing to recreate famous paintings so they can be touched.‎ One painting printed with the new technology is Gustav Klimt’s “The Kiss”.It is a popular attraction at the Belvedere Museum in Vienna,Austria.The painting shows a ‎ man and a woman standing in a field filled with flowers.They are wearing gold robes and have their arms around each other.The man leans down to kiss the woman.‎ Klimt finished the painting in 1908. But people who had trouble seeing could not appreciate the artwork. Thanks to the reproduction they can touch the piece and feel the ridges and depressions.Andreas Reichinger started making 3-D versions of artworks in 2010.He said this reproduction was his most difficult project because the couple’s robes are so detailed.‎ Dominika Raditsch is a blind museum visitor.She touched the reproduction.As she moved her hands across it she said,“Exactly,can you see these? There are so many details.”Raditsch said she could imagine what the original painting looked like when she touched the reproduction.“It’s somewhat round. I can feel it. And in many places it’s so smooth.And then I think to myself:it probably shines too!” Raditsch said.‎ The Belvedere Museum is not the only museum to have 3-D versions of artworks.Some of the pieces at the Prado in Madrid,Spain have reproductions that can be touched.But the piece in Vienna has one special part:It is made with widely available 3-D printing technology.That means one day,blind art fans anywhere in the world will be able to download the source file and print the reproduction themselves.‎ ‎1.What is “The kiss”?‎ A.A European Union project.‎ B.A popular painting.‎ C.A 3-D technology.‎ D.A famous museum.‎ ‎2.Why did Reichinger say this reproduction was his most difficult project?‎ A.Because the painting was reproduced detailedly.‎ B.Because the original artwork was made in 1908.‎ C.Because blind art fans can’t download the source file.‎ D.Because the 3-D technology is not available.‎ ‎3.How did Raditsch feel when she first touched the reproduction?‎ A.Awkward. B.Puzzled. ‎ C.Excited. D.Nervous.‎ ‎4.What is the best title for the text?‎ A.A European Union Program for Museum Visitors B.3-D Printing Lets the Blind Experience Famous Painting C.How to Reproduce the World-famous Paintings D.A Special Museum for Art Fans in Vienna,Austria B Some people call it a traveling museum. Others refer to it as a living or openair museum. Built in Brazil to honor Columbus' first voyage to the New World, the Nina, ‎ a Columbusera replica (复制品) ship, provides visitors with an accurate visual of the size and sailing equipment of Columbus' favorite ship from over 500 years ago.‎ I joined the crew of the Nina in Gulf. Shores, Alabama, in February 2013. As part of a research project sponsored by my university, my goal was to document my days aboard the ship in a blog. I quickly realized that I gained the most valuable insights when I observed or gave tours to schoolage children. The fieldtrip tour of the Nina is handson learning at its best. In this setting, students could touch the line, pass around a ballast stone (压舱石), and move the extremely large tiller that controlled the direction of the ships in Columbus' days. They soon came to understand the labor involved in sailing the ship back in his time. I was pleased to see the students become active participants in their learning process.‎ The Nina is not the only traveling museum that provides such field trips. A visit to Jamestown Settlement, for example, allows visitors to board three recreations of the ships that brought the first settlers from England to Virginia in the early 1,600s. Historical guides, dressed in period costumes, give tours of the Susan Constant, Godspeed, and Discovery. These guides often portray a character that would have lived and worked during that time period. Students touring these ships are encouraged to interact with the guides in order to better understand the daily life in the past.‎ My experience on the Nina helps testify (证实) my longheld belief that students stay interested, ask better questions, and engage (参与) in higherorder thinking tasks when they are actively engaged in the learning process. The_students_who_boarded_the_Nina_came_as_passive _learners._They_left_as_bold_explorers.‎ ‎5．What occupation is the author engaged in?‎ A．Shipping. B．Education.‎ C．Ecological tourism. D．Museum administration.‎ ‎6．Which of the following is true about the Nina introduced in the passage?‎ A．She is a replica of a ship that Columbus built in Brazil.‎ B．She is always crowded with foreign tourists during holidays.‎ C．She is the boat Columbus sailed in his voyage to the New World.‎ D．She displays what Columbus' ship was like and how it operated.‎ ‎7．What is the third paragraph mainly about?‎ A．Guidelines for visitors on the ships.‎ B．Life of the first settlers in Jamestown Settlement.‎ C．Duties of the guides in the British museums.‎ D．Introduction to another museum similar to the Nina.‎ ‎8．What does the author mean by the last two sentences of the passage?‎ A．The students are interested in becoming tour guides.‎ B．The experience has changed the students' learning attitude.‎ C．The students become brave and are ready to sail the seas on their own.‎ D．The museums are successful in teaching the students survival skills at sea.‎ C For many people who live in cities, parks are an important part of the landscape. They provide a place for people to relax and play sports, as well as a shelter from the often severe environment of a city. What people often overlook is that parks also provide considerable environmental benefits.‎ One benefit of parks is that plants absorb carbon dioxide and give off oxygen, which humans need to breathe. According to one study, an acre of trees can absorb the same amount of carbon dioxide that a typical car emits in 11,000 miles of driving. Parks also make cities cooler. Scientists have long noted what is called the Urban Heat Island Effect: building materials such as metal and concrete (混凝土) absorb much more of the sun's heat and release (释放) it much more quickly than organic surfaces like trees and grass. Because city landscapes contain so much of these building materials, cities are usually warmer than surrounding rural areas. Parks and other green spaces help to lessen the Urban Heat Island Effect. ‎ Unfortunately, many cities cannot easily create more parks because most land is already being used for buildings, roads, parking lots, and other essential parts of the urban environment. However, cities could benefit from many of the positive effects of parks by encouraging citizens to create another type of green space: rooftop gardens.‎ ‎ While most people would not think of starting a garden on their roof, human beings have been planting gardens on rooftops for thousands of years. Some rooftop gardens are simple container gardens that anyone can create with the investment (投资) of a few hundred dollars and a few hours of work.‎ Rooftop gardens provide many of the same benefits as other urban parks and garden spaces, but without taking up the muchneeded land. In the summer, rooftop gardens prevent buildings from absorbing heat from the sun, which can significantly reduce cooling bills. In the winter, gardens help control the heat that materials like brick and concrete release so quickly, leading to savings on heating bills. Rooftop vegetable and herb gardens can also provide fresh food for city settlers, making their diets healthier. Rooftop gardens are not only something everyone can enjoy, they are also a smart environmental investment.‎ ‎9.The underlined word “emits” in the second paragraph probably means “________”．‎ A．carries away　　　　　 B．takes up C．gives out D．breathes in ‎10．Which of the following contributes to the Urban Heat Island Effect?‎ A．More building materials.‎ B．More trees and grass.‎ C．More parking lots.‎ D．More rooftop gardens.‎ ‎11．When it comes to rooftop gardens, what can be inferred from the passage?‎ A．They make people much happier.‎ B．They provide more benefits than urban parks.‎ C．They help to save money and keep a healthy diet.‎ D．They have become very popular in recent years.‎ D Local officials in Beijing promised to further protect the city's cultural heritage (遗产), in particular the narrow streets known as Hutong.‎ Hutongs are commonly found in the cities of North China, but they are at risk. Beijing is currently believed to have fewer than 1,000 Hutongs, most of which are near the Forbidden City. Only 60 years ago, the number was 3,250. In the old districts of Dongcheng and Xicheng, some people will be asked to move from Hutong houses to avoid further damage to the ancient architecture.‎ ‎“On average more than 100,000 people visit the Forbidden City during the National Day holidays. The visits put pressure on the protection of cultural relics，” said the director of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Urban Planning, adding that Hutongs should be protected from human damage.‎ The government focused on how the protection plans were carried out and how the management of cultural heritage worked. The head of the Xicheng district government, said the area has 182 cultural relics, many of which were built as far back as the Yuan ‎ Dynasty (1271—1368). “The most efficient way is to decrease the local population to reduce the possibility of causing harm to the heritage.”‎ ‎“Each community has been required to report the status of its cultural heritage, especially Hutongs, and any actions to damage the heritage will be punished.”‎ No one knows for sure how many Hutongs will be left in the coming 100 years.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎12．How many Hutongs have disappeared in the past sixty years in Beijing?‎ A．Fewer than 1,000. B．About 2,000.‎ C．More than 3,000. D．Over 4,000.‎ ‎13．According to Paragraph 3, which of the following is the main reason for the damage to cultural relics?‎ A．People's activity. B．Residents' attitude.‎ C．Communities' behavior. D．The governments' policy.‎ ‎14．Which of the following is a useful way to protect Hutongs?‎ A．To attract more visitors.‎ B．To forbid everyone from getting close to it.‎ C．To increase the local population.‎ D．To punish anyone damaging it.‎ ‎15．What is the author's attitude toward Hutongs?‎ A．Optimistic. B．Pessimistic.‎ C．Uninterested. D．Appreciative.‎ Ⅱ.七选五 How to learn a foreign language ‎1.　1　 ‎ This might sound obvious,but if you don’t have a good reason for learning a language,you are less likely to stay motivated over the long run.Wanting to impress English-speakers with your French is not a very good reason; wanting to get to know a French person in his or her own language is another matter entirely.‎ ‎2.Have fun with it.‎ Using your new language in any way is a creative act.You can practice the language by writing and recording songs.　2　 Making a radio play with a friend,writing a poem and talking to whomever you can are all good ways to make it pleasant to learn a foreign language. ‎ ‎3.Act like a kid.‎ The key to learning as quickly as a child may be to simply take on certain childlike attitudes.As kids,we are expected to make mistakes,but as adults mistakes become taboo (禁忌的). 　3　 It’s the key to progress in learning a language.Let go of your grown-up inhibitions(顾虑)! ‎ ‎4.Listen frequently.‎ You must learn to look before you can draw.We’re able to pronounce anything; it’s just that we’re not used to doing it.　4　By doing this,you can imagine through which specific part of the mouth or the throat the sound could be achieved. ‎ ‎5.Talk to yourself.‎ It might sound really strange,but actually speaking to yourself in a language is a great way to practice if you’re not able to use it all the time.This can keep new words and phrases fresh in your mind.　5　 ‎ A.Know why you are doing it.‎ B.Never give up learning it halfway.‎ C.Admit that you don’t know everything.‎ D.Think of some fun ways to practice your new language.‎ E.You may feel confident next time you speak with others.‎ F.The learning ability of an adult is not necessarily stronger than that of a kid.‎ G.The best way to go about mastering a new word is actually to hear it constantly.‎ Ⅲ.完形填空 ‎(2017安徽淮南模拟)‎ Using public toilets can sometimes be challenging. 　1　 researchers in China have come up with a new 　2　 that they say can help 　3　the poisonous problem bothering public toilet users: the overpowering odor(恶臭). ‎ Unlike chemical solutions, 　4　 are expensive and can 　5　 the environment, the new biotreatment method is being thought of as a cost-effective way of protecting the environment and can　6　 75 percent of the bad smell in bathrooms, according to researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences. ‎ The 　7　 behind the treatment mode lies in a special 　8　 of two types of bacteria and the elements of oranges. The prepared mixture, which comes in liquid or powder form, feeds on human waste, thus 　9　 the growth of odor-making bacteria. However, it has not yet available in 　10　, for the odor-killing technology is still undergoing 　11　. Many experiments with the solution are being 　12　 in Huanglong Nature Reserve and Jiuzhaigou National Park. ‎ We can see the technology is especially suited for the toilets which cannot flush often found in these types of nature reserves, since water regulations in these areas are ‎ often very 　13　 and pipes are difficult to 　14　. Portable bathrooms, while 　15　,are relatively expensive to maintain. ‎ ‎“This way 　16　 can see that not only are the 　17　 nice, but the toilets and the other facilities in the place are pleasant as well. And the technology has other 　18　 as well ,such as the treatment of rubbish,” said the administrator of Jiuzhaigou National Park. ‎ If 　19　 on its effectiveness prove true, the technology is likely to be 　20　 by the Chinese health authorities. ‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎1.A.Because B.If C.But D.While ‎2.A.technology B.medicine C.machine D.psychology ‎3.A.confirm B.analyze C.find out D.deal with ‎4.A.which B.what C.that D.who ‎5.A.benefit B.protect C.harm D.influence ‎6.A.lead to B.take in C.keep out D.make use of ‎7.A.identity B.science C.instruction D.procedure ‎8.A.seed B.poison C.mixture D.discovery ‎9.A.preventing B.keeping C.causing D.helping ‎10.A.gardens B.forests C.homes D.supermarkets ‎11.A.discussions B.uses C.tests D.analyses ‎12.A.planned B.simplified C.classified D.debated ‎13.A.strict B.harmonious C.dark D.sad ‎14.A.polish B.twist C.make D.fix ‎15.A.optional B.clean C.superb D.convenient ‎16.A.lawyers B.tourists C.burglars D.merchants ‎17.A.goods B.animals C.scenes D.guides ‎18.A.phenomena B.disadvantages C.applications D.characteristics ‎19.A.results B.guesses C.doubts D.statements ‎20.A.accepted B.refused C.abandoned D.banned 答案精解精析 Ⅰ.阅读理解 ‎[语篇解读]　本文为新闻报道。有人开发了一种程序,它用3-D打印技术打印一些名画以便盲人可以欣赏。‎ ‎1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句One painting printed with the new technology is Gustav Klimt’s “The Kiss”.可知“The kiss”为一幅画,故答案为B项。‎ ‎2.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的because the couple’s robes are so detailed可知答案为A项。‎ ‎3.C　推理判断题。根据第四段Raditsch触摸到那幅被打印的画时所说的话可知答案为C项(激动的)。‎ ‎4.B　主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句可推知本文最佳题目为:3D打印技术使盲人体验名画。故答案为B项。‎ ‎ B 语篇解读：本文介绍了哥伦布航海时的航船的复制品Nina，它是一个开放的博物馆。学生参观这一特殊的博物馆可以积极主动参与学习。‎ ‎5.解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段的第三句“I quickly realized that I gained the most valuable insights when I observed or gave tours to schoolage children.”可知，作者在给学龄儿童介绍有关航船复制品Nina的历史知识；据此可以判断，作者从事的是教育行业，故B项正确。‎ ‎6.解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“provides visitors with an accurate visual of the size and sailing equipment of Columbus' favorite ship”可知，Nina为人们提供了哥伦布的航船的原貌；根据第二段的“In this setting, students could touch the line ... direction of the ships in Columbus' days.”可知，Nina还提供了如何操作该航船的方法，故D项正确。‎ ‎7.解析：选D　段落大意题。根据第三段的“The Nina is not the only traveling museum ... A visit to Jamestown Settlement, for example, allows visitors to board three recreations of the ships that brought the first settlers”可知，第三段主要介绍了另一个与Nina类似的航行博物馆，故D项正确。‎ ‎8.解析：选B　句意理解题。根据文章最后两句可知，登上了哥伦布航船复制品Nina的学生成了主动学习的学生，他们成了知识的勇敢探索者。据此可以判断，最后两句意在说明，这种游览改变了学生的学习态度，故B项正确。‎ ‎ C 语篇解读：本文主要介绍了在拥挤的城市里建立屋顶花园的好处。‎ ‎9.解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据上文中的“an acre of trees can absorb the same amount of carbon dioxide”可知，一英亩的树吸收的二氧化碳的量和一辆普通的汽车行驶11 000英里排放的二氧化碳的量是相等的。由此可知，emit与give out的意思相同，表示“释放”。‎ ‎10.解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Scientists have long noted what is called the Urban Heat Island Effect: building materials such as metal and concrete (混凝土) absorb much more of the sun's heat ... usually warmer than surrounding rural areas.”可知，诸如金属和混凝土之类的建筑材料是城市热岛效应的始作俑者，故选A。‎ ‎11.解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“reduce cooling bills” “leading to savings on heating bills”和“making their diets healthier”以及最后一段的整体内容可推知，屋顶花园能够降低冬季取暖或夏季降温的费用支出。同时，它还可以为蔬菜种植提供场地，为人们提供新鲜的蔬菜，从而使人们的饮食更健康，故选C。‎ ‎ D 语篇解读：北京的胡同已不再是小小的街道，它传载着北京几百年的历史和文化。本文主要介绍了北京胡同的历史、现状及政府的保护措施。‎ ‎12.解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Beijing is currently believed to have fewer than 1,000 Hutongs, most of which are near the Forbidden City. Only 60 years ago, the number was 3,250.”可知，北京胡同的数量由60年前的3 250条减少至现在的不到1 000条，共减少了大约2 000条。故选B项。‎ ‎13.解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The visits put pressure on the protection of cultural relics.”和“Hutongs should be protected from human damage”以及第四段中的“The most efficient way is to decrease the local population to reduce the possibility of causing harm to the heritage.”可知，文化遗迹遭到破坏的主要因素是人们的活动。‎ ‎14.解析：选D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“any actions to damage the heritage will be punished”可知，加大对破坏北京胡同行为的惩罚是保护北京胡同比较有用的措施，故选D项。‎ ‎15.解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段“No one knows for sure how many Hutongs will be left in the coming 100 years.”可知，作者对未来北京胡同的命运深感担忧，持悲观态度。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎ ‎[语篇解读]　本文主要对如何学习外语提出了一些建议。‎ ‎16.A　根据下文“This might sound obvious,but if you don’t have a good reason for learning a language,you are less likely to stay motivated over the long run.”可知,如果没有一个好的理由去学习一门语言,你很可能没法保持动力长久地坚持下去。由此推知,学习一门语言需要有理由、动机,知道自己为什么要学。‎ ‎17.D　本段的小标题意为“乐在其中;在学习(语言)过程中享受乐趣”,如何乐在其中?可以通过有趣的方法去练习。另外,本段末句列举了几种能够使学习外语变得有趣的方法,故D选项“想出一些练习新语言的有趣的方法”为正确答案。‎ ‎18.C　根据上文可知,快速学习语言的诀窍是要有小孩子一样的态度。孩子可以犯错,而成年人把犯错当成禁忌。故成年人在学习语言时要勇于承认自己的不足,这是取得进步的关键。‎ ‎19.G　本段小标题为“Listen frequently.”,G选项中的“hear it constantly”与之相符。‎ ‎20.E　根据本段内容可知,如果你不能一直使用某种语言(与人交谈),那么有一种很好的练习方式就是自言自语。这样做能使新的词汇和短语在你的脑海里保持鲜活记忆。有了练习的经验,再加上积累的“词汇和短语”,下一次你和别人交谈的时候,可能就会有自信了。‎ Ⅲ.完形填空 ‎[语篇解读]　本文为说明文,文章主要介绍了一种去除公厕恶臭的技术。‎ ‎1.C　根据下文可知这种新技术能帮助除去公厕的臭气,上下文构成转折关系,故选C。‎ ‎2.A　根据第三段中的“the odor-killing technology”与第四段中的“the technology is especially suited for...”可知答案为A。‎ ‎3.D　结合语境并根据下文的problem可知选D:处理,应对。‎ ‎4.A　 此处考查非限制性定语从句,从句中缺主语,且先行词指事物,故使用关系代词which。‎ ‎5.C　根据常识可知化学解决方法对环境有害。故选C:伤害。‎ ‎6.B　这种新技术能够吸收厕所中75%的臭气。故选B:吸收。‎ ‎7.B　句意:这种处理方式背后的科学在于……。‎ ‎8.C　根据下文提示The prepared mixture可知答案为C。‎ ‎9.A　根据下文推理,此处指抑制产生臭气的细菌生长。A:阻止,预防。‎ ‎10.D　它还没在超市供应,故选D。‎ ‎11.C　这种技术正在被测试。A:讨论;B:使用;C:测试;D:分析。‎ ‎12.A　根据上下文推断,有关实验正在计划当中。‎ ‎13.A　这些地区的用水规定相当严格,水管也很难安装。A:严格的,符合题意。‎ ‎14.D　参照上一题解析。D:修理,安装,符合题意。‎ ‎15.D　便携厕所虽然方便,但保养起来相对昂贵。A:可选择的;B:干净的;C:极好的;D:方便的。‎ ‎16.B　通过这个办法,游客会看到,不仅景色美,这个地方的厕所和其他设施也很好。‎ ‎17.C　参照上一题解析。‎ ‎18.C　该技术还有其他用途,比如处理垃圾。A:现象;B:缺点;C:应用,申请;D:特色,特点。‎ ‎19.D　如果关于其有效性的说法证明是真的,该技术可能会被中国卫生当局接受。‎ ‎20.A　参照上一题解析。A:接受;B:拒绝;C:抛弃;D:禁止。‎