2021版高考英语大一轮复习核心素养测评：三十Module6AnimalsinDanger外研版必修5

2021版高考英语大一轮复习核心素养测评：三十Module6AnimalsinDanger外研版必修5

核心素养测评三十 Module 6 Animals in Danger Ⅰ. 阅读理解 ‎ (2020·厦门模拟)‎ ‎ While elephants born without tusks (长牙) are not unheard of, they normally form just 2 to 6 percent of the population. However, that is not the case at Mozambique’s Gorongosa National Park, where an astonishing 33 percent of female elephants born after the country’s civil war ended in 1992 are tuskless. While that may appear to be just a coincidence, Joyce Poole, an elephant behavior expert, has another theory. The researcher thinks we may be witnessing unnatural evolution of the species due to the constant hunting of elephants for valuable ivory. ‎ ‎ Poole says before the country’s 15-year-long civil war, the 100, 000-acre park was home to over 4, 000 elephants. However, by the time the conflict ended in 1992, about 90 percent of them had been killed for ivory to help finance weapons (武器) and meat to feed the soldiers. Of the less than 200 survivors, over 50 percent of adult females had no tusks. Therefore, it is not surprising that the park’s tuskless elephant population has grown greatly. ‎ ‎ This is not the first time researchers have observed a great change in the population of elephants. At Zambia’s South Luangwa National Park and Lupande Game Management Area, which were heavily hunted in the 1970s and 1980s, 35% of elephants 25 years or older and 13% of those younger than 25 are now without tusks. A 2008 study published in the African Journal of Ecology found that the number of tuskless females at the Ruaha National Park in Tanzania went from 10. 5 percent in 1969 to almost 40 percent in 1989, largely due to illegal hunting for ivory. ‎ ‎ The recent ban on ivory in both the US and China should help get rid of, or at least reduce, elephant hunting. However, scientists are not sure how long it will take for elephants with a higher rate of tuskless females, to change the trend.  ‎ ‎【文章大意】你见过没有象牙的大象吗? 由于人们大量捕杀大象以获取值钱的象牙, 这样的现象在不断地增多。虽然有些国家采取了一定的措施,‎ 13‎ ‎ 但是没有人知道需要多长时间才能恢复正常。‎ ‎1. What is the probable cause of the phenomenon mentioned in Paragraph 1? ‎ A. Illegal hunting. ‎ B. Constant farming. ‎ C. A pure coincidence. ‎ D. Natural evolution. ‎ ‎【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段中的后半部分可知, 人们不断地猎杀大象来获得象牙, 可推知为非法猎捕导致的没有象牙的大象数量的增多。故选A。‎ ‎2. Why did people kill so many elephants during the civil war in Mozambique? ‎ A. To get funds by selling ivory. ‎ B. To develop new weapons. ‎ C. To provide food for local people. ‎ D. To make ivory products. ‎ ‎【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的about 90 percent of them had been killed for ivory to help finance weapons and meat to feed the soldiers. 可知, 为了给士兵购买武器和肉食而猎捕大象的象牙。故选A。‎ ‎3. Which of the following had the earliest record on tuskless elephants? ‎ A. Gorongosa National Park. ‎ B. South Luangwa National Park. ‎ C. The Ruaha National Park. ‎ D. Lupande Game Management Area. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。细节理解题。第一段提到了A选项中的公园, 记录时间在九十年代; 第三段前面提到了B、D项中的公园, 记录时间在七八十年代, 而C选项中的公园在第三段的后半部分, 记录时间从六十年代开始, 故选C。‎ ‎4. What does the underlined phrase “the trend” in the last paragraph refer to? ‎ A. Elephants facing greater danger. ‎ B. Elephants growing more slowly. ‎ C. Fewer female elephants staying alive. ‎ D. More female elephants being tuskless. ‎ ‎【解析】选D。推理判断题。通过最后一句话的句意可知, the trend指代的是上文提到的a 13‎ ‎ higher rate of tuskless females, 故选D。‎ ‎【知识拓展】长难句分析 However, that is not the case at Mozambique’s Gorongosa National Park, where an astonishing 33 percent of female elephants born after the country’s civil war ended in 1992 are tuskless. ‎ 分析: 主句为that is not the case; at Mozambique’s Gorongosa National Park是地点状语, 后跟一个where引导的非限制性定语从句。定语从句的主干为an astonishing 33 percent of female elephants are tuskless, 而born after the country’s civil war ended in 1992为后置定语修饰前面的elephants; after引导一个时间状语从句。‎ 翻译: 然而在莫桑比克的Gorongosa 国家公园情况并不是这样的。在这里, 1992年国家内战结束后出生的33%的母象都是没有象牙的。‎ Ⅱ. 完形填空 ‎ Recently I met a guy named Leonard Gilbert on a trip. Leonard is the kind of people you could pass on the street and never 　1　but he is, in my view, a very special person who 　2　recognition.  ‎ Leo lives in a 　3　rural area, so when his wife had cancer several years ago, Leo was faced with a four-and-a-half-hour drive to where she could be treated. That 　4　lots of expense for meals, fuel, hotels and so on. But in the end the cancer took his wife 　5　.  ‎ Evidently Leo was very 　6　 by his wife’s passing, but he was also very angry, for he realized other people were facing the same sorts of 　7　. Rather than giving money to charities, what he did was start to throw 　8　.  ‎ Every other Saturday evening, there is a party in Leo’s garage. Neighbors, friends and relatives come and bring snacks and drinks; many bring 　9　, there is music and dancing, and at some point during the evening Leo 　10　a family he has found who are having difficulties　11　the cost of supporting a cancer patient undergoing 　12　far from home. Then a honey-jar is passed around and the money 　13　, every cent of it, goes　14　 to that family. The people at the party have a good time. The family 　15　that someone, probably someone they have never met knows what they are going through and　16　enough to help. Leo’s　17　to help the ‎ 13‎ families of other cancer patients was born out of his grief but, from the perspective of those who have received the money, it is an act of love. His personal 　18　 has resulted in an act of kindness that honors the 　19　 of the wife he has lost. Wouldn’t it be nice if we had more people in the world like Leonard Gilbert? I’m glad I met Leo. He makes the world a　20　place.  ‎ ‎【文章大意】这篇故事讲述了Leo经历了给妻子治疗癌症的过程以及最终失去妻子的痛苦后, 决定帮助那些和他有类似经历的人。通过开晚会筹集资金帮助那些需要帮助的人的善举, 使社会变得更加美好。‎ ‎1. A. know B. notice C. forget D. love ‎【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据后文的but. . . special可知, 在别人那里一点也不特殊, 即在街上遇到也不会注意到的人。‎ ‎2. A. requires B. needs C. deserves D. avoids ‎【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。因为特别(special)所以“值得”认识。deserve值得。‎ ‎3. A. convenient B. peaceful ‎ C. remote D. nearby ‎【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据下文要开四个半小时的车去医院可知, 他的家住的“偏远”。‎ ‎4. A. meant B. spent C. showed D. reduced ‎【解析】选A。背景常识题。因为住得远, 所以就意味着吃饭、汽油、旅馆等费用较高。mean意味着。‎ ‎5. A. otherwise B. instead C. somehow D. anyway ‎【解析】选D。词义辨析题。anyway不管怎样, 无论如何, 符合语境“最终他的妻子还是死了”。otherwise否则, instead相反, somehow不知怎么地。‎ ‎6. A. stricken B. shocked C. pleased D. mourned ‎【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。妻子死了他应该很受打击。stricken是形容词, 意为“经受(疾病、悲痛)之苦的”。‎ ‎7. A. happiness B. hardships ‎ 13‎ C. cancers D. expenses ‎【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据前面的facing the same sorts可推知, 与他经历的一样, 照顾生病的妻子到最后失去妻子的痛苦, 故hardships一词符合语境。‎ ‎8. A. coins B. honey C. medicine D. parties ‎【解析】选D。词语复现题。根据下文Every other Saturday evening, there is a party in Leo’s garage可知, 他经常开晚会。‎ ‎9. A. jars B. cards C. instruments D. flowers ‎【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据下文的music一词可知, 带来乐器, 才能有音乐声。‎ ‎10. A. tells about B. argues about ‎ C. comments on D. chats about ‎【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据下文传罐子让来到晚会的人捐款可推知, 他先告诉大家有需要钱的情况。‎ ‎11. A. cutting B. meeting C. increasing D. calculating ‎【解析】选B。根据the cost of supporting a cancer patient可推知应该是满足治疗的费用有困难, have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难。‎ ‎12. A. charities B. depression C. treatment D. support ‎【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。分析句子结构可知undergoing 修饰a cancer patient, 就不难猜出意思为“接受治疗”, treatment意为“治疗”。‎ ‎13. A. saved B. paid C. owed D. collected ‎【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。前面说罐子在传递, 后面提到了钱, 可推知是在筹集资金。‎ ‎14. A. partly B. exactly C. properly D. directly ‎【解析】选D。词语辨析题。一般来说筹集的钱会直接给要帮扶的人。directly直接地, partly部分地, exactly精确地, properly恰当地。根据语境可知选D项。‎ ‎15. A. understands B. pretends ‎ 13‎ C. ignores D. confirms ‎【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据宾语从句的内容“他们可能不认识那些人, 但是他们知道他们经受着什么, 关心他们并给予帮助”可知, 受到帮助的家庭了解这些。understand了解, pretend假装, ignore忽视, confirm证实。‎ ‎16. A. earns B. cares C. struggles D. plans ‎【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据后面的help可知, 那些陌生人足够关心他们, 所以才会帮助他们。‎ ‎17. A. demand B. motivation C. expectation D. consideration ‎【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据后面“来自于他的悲痛”和resulted in an act of kindness, 可知帮助他人的动机。‎ ‎18. A. donation B. opinion C. loss　 D. belief ‎【解析】选C。词语复现题。根据后面的he has lost, 可知对于Leo来说, 他没有了妻子, 应为他的个人的“损失”。‎ ‎19. A. cancer B. memory C. wish D. recovery ‎【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。通过化悲痛为力量, 帮助那些有困难的人, 这样的行为应该是为了纪念自己的妻子。‎ ‎20. A. better B. worse ‎ C. more peaceful D. more terrible ‎【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。这样的一件善意的举动, 肯定能让世界变得更加美好。‎ ‎【知识拓展】长难句分析 Neighbors, friends and relatives come and bring snacks and drinks; many bring instruments; there is music and dancing, and at some point during the evening Leo tells about a family he has found who are having difficulties meeting the cost of supporting a cancer patient undergoing treatment far from home. ‎ 分析: 首先句子是由Neighbors, friends and relatives come and bring snacks and drinks; many bring instruments; there is music and dancing和at some point during the evening Leo tells about a family he has found who are having difficulties meeting the cost 13‎ ‎ of supporting a cancer patient undergoing treatment far from home四个并列分句组成的并列句。第四个分句中he has found和who are having difficulties meeting the cost of supporting a cancer patient undergoing treatment far from home为两个定语从句修饰先行词a family, 后面的定语从句使用了have difficulty doing sth. 句型, 其中的undergoing treatment far from home为分词作后置定语修饰a cancer patient。‎ ‎　翻译: 邻居, 朋友和亲戚们带来了吃的喝的, 许多人还带来了乐器, 他们弹奏音乐和跳舞, 有时候Leo会讲述他发现的一个家庭, 他们难以支付远离家乡接受治疗的癌症患者的费用。‎ Ⅲ. 语法填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Chinese double amputee(截肢)climber Xia Boyu received the most votes ‎ ‎1. 　　　　 (global) to become the 2019 Laureus Sporting Moment of the Year winner on Monday.  ‎ Xia came out from an initial list of 10 nominees before three finalists were made 2. 　　　　(know) to the public earlier this month.  ‎ Xia had lost both his legs in 1975 during his first attempt to reach 3. 　　　　 world’s highest peak of Qomolangma due to frostbite. He challenged the summit in 2014, 2015 and 2016 4. 　　　　 well, but his dreams 5. 　　　　(break) owing to avalanche, earthquake and bad weather respectively.  ‎ Xia finally made 6. 　　　　 in his fifth attempt on May 14, 2018, becoming the first Chinese double amputee climber 7. 　　　　(reach)the summit of Qomolangma.  ‎ ‎“Climbing to the summit of Qomolangma is always a dream and goal for me. I 8. 　　　　(fight) for it over the past decades. Despite bad knocks several times, I never gave up. I think the determination made my life so colorful and 9. 　　　　(meaning), ” Xia told Chinese media.  ‎ Xia added that his next goal will be “7+2”, namely the highest summits of seven 10. 　　　　(continent), plus the South Pole and North Pole.  ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇人物介绍。文章主要介绍了夏伯渝成为首位登顶珠穆朗玛峰的中国双腿截肢登山者。‎ ‎1. 【解析】 globally。考查副词。修饰动词, 用副词形式。句意:‎ 13‎ ‎ 中国双腿截肢登山者夏伯渝在全球范围内获得了多数选票。故填globally。‎ ‎2. 【解析】 known。考查非谓语动词。be made known to为人所知, know在句中作宾语补足语, 与宾语之间为被动关系, 故用过去分词。句意: 夏从最初的10名候选人名单中脱颖而出, 本月早些时候有三名候选人进入决赛。故填known。‎ ‎3. 【解析】the。考查冠词。修饰形容词最高级highest , 前用定冠词the。句意: 1975年, 由于冻伤, 夏第一次尝试攀登珠穆朗玛峰时失去了双腿。故填the。‎ ‎4. 【解析】as。考查短语。短语as well也, 以及。句意: 他在2014年、2015年和2016年也挑战过珠峰。故填as。‎ ‎5. 【解析】were broken。考查语态。句中主语his dreams与break之间为被动关系, 故用被动语态。句意: 但由于雪崩、地震和恶劣天气, 他的梦想破灭了。故填were broken。‎ ‎6. 【解析】it。考查短语。短语make it成功; 达到预定目标。句意: 2018年5月14日, 他第五次尝试攀登珠峰, 成为中国第一位双截肢登山者。故填it。‎ ‎7. 【解析】to reach / to have reached。考查非谓语动词。当修饰的名词前有序数词修饰, 常用不定式作定语。且事情已经完成, 故可用不定式的完成式。句意: 成为首位登顶珠峰的中国双腿截肢登山者。故填to reach / to have reached。‎ ‎8. 【解析】have fought。考查时态。根据句中时间状语over the past decades可知, 用现在完成时。句意: 在过去的几十年里, 我一直在为之奋斗。故填have fought。‎ ‎9. 【解析】meaningful。考查形容词。make+名词 / 代词+形容词。句意: 我认为这种决心让我的生活如此丰富多彩。故填meaningful。‎ ‎10. 【解析】continents。考查名词数。名词continent为可数名词, 根据seven修饰可知用复数形式。句意: 夏补充说, 他的下一个目标是“7+2”, 即七大洲的最高峰, 加上南极和北极。故填continents。‎ Ⅳ. 短文改错 ‎(2020·福州模拟)‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎ 增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除: 把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ ‎ 修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; ‎ 13‎ ‎ 2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎ My mom and dad are great cooks, but I always enjoy staying at home and having delicious food. I remembered when I was about six, all the kids in my neighborhood wanted hamburgers and chips, but some didn’t have money to buy it. So my father tried to make some on the weekend and asked them eat at my home for the free. The kids were very happier. It helped me make lots of friend. Now I often cooking for my parents, and they like my dishes, either. It’s really relaxing to sit around a table for my parents, eating and talking together. ‎ 答案: ‎ ‎1. 【解析】第一句中but→and/so。考查连词。‎ 13‎ ‎ 根据前后两个分句的句意关系可知为递进关系或因果关系都可以, 故改为and或so都行。‎ ‎2. 【解析】第二句中remembered→remember。考查时态。记得的内容发生在过去, 但“记得”这个动作发生在现在, 故改为一般现在时。‎ ‎3. 【解析】第二句中it→them。考查代词。根据句意可知上文提到了hamburgers和chips这两样东西, 故代词要用them。‎ ‎4. 【解析】第三句中eat前加to。考查动词的固定搭配。ask后要接不定式作宾语补足语, 即ask sb. to do sth. 。 ‎ ‎5. 【解析】第三句中去掉free前的the。考查固定搭配。for free免费地, 为固定短语, 故去掉中间的冠词。‎ ‎6. 【解析】第四句中happier→happy。考查形容词。根据句意“小孩们都非常高兴”, 此处不存在比较关系, 故不用比较级。‎ ‎7. 【解析】第五句中friend→ friends。考查名词。friend为可数名词, 再结合前文的the kids可知要用复数形式。‎ ‎8. 【解析】第六句中cooking→cook。考查动词。分析句子结构可知, and之前的分句中缺少谓语动词, 结合主语I, 故填动词原形cook。‎ ‎9. 【解析】第六句中either→ too。考查连词。用于肯定句中的“也”, 要用too, either多用于否定句。‎ ‎10. 【解析】第七句中for→with。考查介词。根据句意“和父母坐在一起很放松”可知应用介词with。‎ Ⅴ. 书面表达 ‎ 假如你是李华, 你被联合国任命为中国的环保大使, 并受邀在联合国大会上做演讲。请你撰写一份演讲稿。内容包括: ‎ ‎1. 中国的环保现状; ‎ ‎2. 中国青年的环保责任; ‎ ‎3. 你的使命和计划。‎ 注意: ‎ ‎ 1. 词数100左右; ‎ ‎ 2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯; ‎ ‎ 3. 文章的开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。‎ Ladies and gentlemen, ‎ 13‎ I am very delighted to stand here to ‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________‎ Thank you for listening. ‎ ‎【参考范文】‎ Ladies and gentlemen, ‎ ‎ I am very delighted to stand here to introduce something about the environment protection in China. As we know, with years of development, China has made great progress in environment protection. When you visit our great country, green trees and clear rivers can be easily seen everywhere. ‎ ‎ Besides, the Chinese young people have realized the importance of environment protection. They serve as volunteers to help the local government to make the cities clean and environment friendly. As for me, working as the environment ambassador, I do believe it is my duty to set an example to others and do what I can to improve people’s awareness about environment protection, which is essential for our future. ‎ ‎ Thank you for listening. ‎ 语法填空 ‎(2020·滁州模拟)‎ Albert Einstein, the genius behind the theory of relativity, has recently been making headlines again. However, this time it is not for a new scientific breakthrough, 1. 　　　　 for a handwritten note he gave a bellboy 95 years ago.  ‎ In October 1922, Einstein 2. 　　　　(deliver) a series of lectures in Japan when he received a telegram informing him that he 3. 　　　　(award) the Nobel Prize for Physics. Though 4. 　　　　 (please) at the news, the Nobel winner decided to continue with his Japanese trip instead of 5. 　　　　(head) to Stockholm to accept the honor.  ‎ While in Tokyo, he penned 6. 　　　　 note in German, saying “A quiet and humble life will bring more 7. 　　　　 (happy) than the pursuit of success. . . ‎ 13‎ ‎” Perhaps he had no loose change to tip a bellboy coming to deliver the message, he gave him the note, and told him, “Maybe if you are lucky, the note 8. 　　　　(become) more valuable than just a regular tip. ” ‎ Earlier this year, the bellboy’s nephew decided to hand it to Jerusalem-based Winner’s Auctions (拍卖) and Exhibitions. The note was then put up for auction, 9. 　　　　might bring the owner a surprising $1. 56 million 10. 　　　　 a European buyer. It was a record for an auction of a document in Israel and the wild-haired scientist deserved it.  ‎ ‎【文章大意】爱因斯坦由于手头没有小费了, 随手给了送信的人一张手写便条, 多年后拍卖了很多钱。‎ ‎1. 【解析】but。考查并列连词。结合句意可知本句使用了“不是……而是……”并列连词, 前面已经给出了not, 故需要填入but。 ‎ ‎2. 【解析】was delivering。考查固定用法。be doing. . . when. . . 正在做某事这时突然……。‎ ‎3. 【解析】had been/was awarded。考查时态。根据主句的时态为一般过去时态可知, 可用一般过去时。根据句意可知, 被授予奖项发生在谓语动词前, 所以也可以用过去完成时。‎ ‎4. 【解析】pleased。考查形容词。根据句意可知“感到高兴”的是爱因斯坦, 故用形容词pleased。‎ ‎5. 【解析】heading。考查非谓语动词。介词of后的动词要变成动词-ing形式。‎ ‎6. 【解析】a。考查冠词。note为可数名词, 根据句意可知“写了一张便条”, 表示泛指, 故用不定冠词。‎ ‎7. 【解析】happiness。考查名词。结合句意, 分析句子结构可知, 要填入的是bring的宾语, 被形容词比较级more修饰, 故要填入名词。‎ ‎8. 【解析】will become。考查时态。根据句意“如果你幸运的话, 这张便条会比一般的小费更值钱的”可知, 要用一般将来时。‎ ‎9. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。引导非限定性定语从句, 且在从句中作主语, 故用which。‎ ‎10. 【解析】from。考查介词。根据句意可知此处表示钱的来源, 故用from, 表示“从”哪儿来。‎ 13‎ 13‎