【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题议论文话题10篇训练之一（13页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题议论文话题10篇训练之一（13页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题议论文话题10篇训练之一 ‎[一]‎ Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.‎ Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.‎ Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects. ‎ Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources to be found. Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other spinoffs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites forweather forecasting and in communications systems. Even nonstick pans and mirrored sunglasses are byproducts(副产品) of technological developments in the space industry!‎ While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human beings to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance ‎ to save ourselves might not exist.‎ While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.‎ ‎32. Why does the author mention the questions?‎ A. To express his doubts. ‎ B. To compare different ideas.‎ C. To introduce points for discussion. ‎ D. To describe the conditions on Earth.‎ ‎33. What is the reason for exploring space based on?‎ A. Humans are natureborn to do so.‎ B. Humans have the tendency to fight.‎ C. Humans may find new sources of food.‎ D. Humans don't like to stay in the same place.‎ ‎34. The underlined word “spinoffs” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to ________.‎ A. survival chances ‎ B. potential resources C. unexpected benefits ‎ D. physical possessions ‎35. Which of the statements can best sum up the passage?‎ A. Space exploration has created many wonders.‎ B. Space exploration provides the best value for money.‎ C. Space exploration can benefit science and technology.‎ D. Space exploration may help us avoid potential problems on Earth.‎ 参考答案：32-35.CACD ‎[二]‎ With all the wars, fighting and sadness in the world today, it's not ‎ only necessary, but also essential to have a good sense of humor just to help us get through each and every day of our lives. Putting a smile on someone's face when you know they are feeling down in the dump, makes me feel good and warms my heart.‎ ‎ How would you feel if you could not joke around with your wife, husband, child, co-worker, neighbor, close friends, or even just someone that you are standing in line with at your corner store? I am always saying things that make others smile or laugh, even if I don't know the person I'm joking around with. My Grandma always found humor in everything she did, even if it was the hardest job anyone could imagine. This not only relieves stress in any situation, but also is common courtesy(礼貌)to speak to others that are around you.‎ ‎ I know of a few people that don’t have a funny bone in their bodies, as they say. Everyone around them could be rolling on the floor after hearing a great joke and they would sit there without the slightest smile on their face. They don't get the joke that makes others laugh. I am busting a gut while they just sit there, looking at me as if I were from outer space. How can people not get a really funny joke?‎ ‎ Laughing is essential to keep your stress levels under control. Without humor we would find ourselves with a lot of psychological problems, or on a lot of medications to keep us from going crazy. There is too much sadness in this present world. It drives people crazy. We all need to find a way to ignore the sadness and bring a little light into our lives. So, I believe our best medicine is to get together and tell some jokes and have some fun laughing together.‎ ‎24. What is the author’s attitude towards the present world?‎ ‎ A. Critical B. Positive C. Satisfied D. Indifferent ‎25. The phrase “busting a gut" in the third paragraph can be replaced ‎ by _______.‎ ‎ A. explaining carefully B. speaking loud ‎ C. keeping silent D. laughing hard ‎26. According to the author, humor is useful in the aspect that _________.‎ ‎ A. it makes people more confident ‎ B. it can pick up people’s spirits ‎ C. it can help get rid of the cruelty in the world ‎ D. it can help people get on well with others ‎27. In writing the passage, the author mainly intends to _______.‎ ‎ A. introduce a practical way to get through daily life ‎ ‎ B. convince people of the power of humour C. encourage people to be humorous in daily life D. talk about his own understanding of humor 参考答案：24-27. ADBC ‎ ‎[三]‎ ‎“Down the streets of Portsmouth more than two hundred years ago,” said Lt.General Ira C. Eaker in a speech, “walked a sailor with one arm and one eye. Indeed he would probably have been in a home for incurables were his name not Horatio Nelson. The man’s spirit drove the flesh.” ‎ Born in 1758, Nelson was a small and weak child who loved sailing. As a young teenager he joined the British Navy and, while on a journey, caught a fever that seriously damaged his health. But he never allowed this to hold him back. At 18 he was appointed a lieutenant (上尉) in the Royal Navy and by the year 1803 was made commander-in-chief of the British fleet (舰队). ‎ Two years later, on 21 October, at the Battle of Trafalgar, Nelson defeated the combined French and Spanish fleets. This naval victory left the British in control of the seas for the rest of the 1800’s. Unfortunately, Nelson was fatally (致命地) wounded during Trafalgar but ‎ lived long enough to know that his fleet had won the battle. ‎ Nelson believed in his country, in his cause, and in himself. He proved this with his words and more so with his life. ‎ The British philosopher John Stuart Mill would agree. He said, “One person with a belief is equal to a force of ninety-nine who only have interest.” Why is this so? Beliefs are remarkably powerful in that they are to our lives what a rudder (舵) is to a ship. That is, they control the direction of our lives. Simply put, if I believe I am a failure, I will set myself up to fail. If I believe I am a successful person, I will succeed. ‎ Dr. Joyce Brothers, well-known author and psychologist said, “A person’s self-concept is the central part of his personality. It affects every aspect of human behavior. It’s no exaggeration (夸张) to say that a strong positive self-concept is the best possible preparation for success in life.”‎ ‎32. Which of the following can be used to describe Nelson?‎ A. Honest and modest. B. Cautious and friendly.‎ C. Brave and determined. D. Considerate and optimistic.‎ ‎33. Why does the author mention the rudder and the ship?‎ A. To explain the key role of beliefs.‎ B. To show the importance of rudders.‎ C. To explain the beliefs of John Stuart Mill.‎ D. To show the difficulty of controlling directions.‎ ‎34. What is important for success according to the last paragraph?‎ A. Ability. B. Courage. C. Character. D. Confidence.‎ ‎35. What is the text mainly about?‎ A. A UK philosopher’s ideas. B. An unusual British sailor.‎ C. The Battle of Trafalgar. D. The power of beliefs.‎ ‎ 参考答案：32-35 CADD ‎[四]‎ A study involving 8,500 teenagers from all social backgrounds found that most of them are ignorant when it comes to money. The findings, the first in a series of reports from Nat West that has started a five-year research project into teenagers and money, are particularly worrying as this generation of young people is likely to be burdened with(负担) greater debts than any before.‎ University tuition fees (学费) are currently capped at ￡3,000 annually, but this will be reviewed next year and the Government is under enormous pressure to raise the ceiling.‎ In the research, the teenagers were presented with the terms of four different loans but 76 per cent failed to identify the cheapest. The young people also estimated（估计）that they would be earning on average ￡31,000 by the age of 25, although the average salary for those aged 22 to 29 is just ￡17,815. The teenagers expected to be in debt when they finished university or training, although half said that they assumed the debts would be less than ￡10,000. Average debts for graduates are ￡12,363.‎ Stephen Moir, head of community investment at the Royal Bank of Scotland Group which owns Nat West, said,"The more exposed (接触) young people are to financial issues(经济问题), and the younger they become aware of them, the more likely they are to become responsible, forward-planning adults who manage their finances confidently and effectively. "‎ Ministers are deeply concerned about the financial pressures on teenagers and young people because of student loans（贷款）and rising housing costs. They have just introduced new lessons in how to manage debts. Nikki Fairweather, aged 15, from St Helens, said that she had benefited ‎ from lessons on personal finance, but admitted that she still had a lot to learn about money.‎ ‎33. Which of the following can be found from the five-year research project?‎ ‎ A. Students understand personal finances differently.‎ ‎ B. University tuition fees in England have been rising.‎ ‎ C. Teenagers tend to overestimate their future earnings.‎ ‎ D. The students' payback ability has become a major issue.‎ ‎34. According to Stephen Moir, students ______.‎ ‎ A. are too young to be exposed to financial issues ‎ B. should learn to manage their finances well ‎ C. should keep a positive attitude when facing loans ‎ D. benefit a lot from lessons on personal finance ‎35. What can we learn from the passage?‎ ‎ A. Many British teenagers do not know money matters well.‎ ‎ B. Teenagers in Britain are heavily burdened with debts.‎ ‎ C. Financial planning is a required course at college.‎ ‎ D. Young people should become responsible adults.‎ ‎ ‎ 参考答案： 33~35.CBA ‎ ‎[五]‎ A person can use all five senses while spending time with dolphins. We can see them play in the waves, hear them call, and feel their skin. Dolphins can sense you, too, but not in all the same ways. They have good eyesight, for example, but no sense of smell. Sensory biologists try to understand connections between animal behaviors and the senses. One team of these scientists recently made an unexpected discovery about certain dolphins.‎ The researchers found that Guiana dolphins can detect electric fields, an ability that may help them find fish to eat. The secret to this newly found sense, say the scientists, is hidden in the dolphins' snouts(口鼻部)．‎ ‎“We were really surprised to find this in the dolphin. Nobody had expected it，” said Wolf Hanke, who led the new dolphin study.‎ Hanke and his team suspected the dolphin's electro－sense might have ‎ something to do with small dimples(酒窝) on the animal's snout. “We thought they must have some functions，” Hank said. To find out for certain, his team studied two Guiana dolphins.‎ The scientists first studied the dimples of a 29－year－old dolphin that had died of natural causes. Under a microscope, the dimples looked familiar: they were similar to the sensors used by other animals to detect electric fields.‎ Next, Hanke and his team tested a live dolphin, a 28－year－old named Paco，to see if he could recognize an electric field. They taught Paco to swim close to a device that could create a weak electric field in the water. Then the team taught Paco to swim away from the device if he detected any changes. When the scientists created an electric field, Paco swam away—showing that he knew something had changed. When there was no electric field, Paco stayed there. When Paco's snout was covered in plastic, he didn't react to the electric field.‎ Paco's behavior told the scientists that the dolphin used his snout to detect the tiny electric field. “This is a major breakthrough，” Peter Madsen, a sensory biologist, said.‎ ‎32. From the passage we learn that________．‎ A. dolphins don't have the same senses as humans B. Guiana dolphins can create electric fields C. the ability to detect electric fields helps Guiana dolphins survive D. the sensors to detect electric fields are hidden in the dolphins' eyes ‎33. The underlined word “detect” can be replaced by “________”．‎ A. create B. declare C. find D. attract ‎34. In the process of testing Paco's electro－sense, the scientists________‎ A. used a device made of plastic ‎ B. employed a device to produce an electric field C. taught Paco how to change the electric field D. helped Paco to leave the water ‎35. What is Peter Madsen's attitude towards the research?‎ A. Cautious. B. Negative. C. Indifferent. D. Positive.‎ 参考答案：32-35 ACBD ‎[六]‎ Encouraging early reading skills can build a path to a lifelong love of reading and can help your child get a head start in school. While reading to your child is still the most important thing you can do to build reading skills, there are many techniques that can help.‎ Make reading fun. Play games with your child as you read. Many traditional children’s games can be adapted to encourage reading skills. ‎ While reading or during play, tell your child, “I spy with my little eye, something that begins with the letter ‘b’.” Help the child find something on the page or in the room that begins with that letter. For example, “I see a barn.” This can also be used to teach beginning letter sounds. “I spy with my little eye, something that begins with the sound‘s’.” Help the child find a word that begins with the “s” sound.‎ In this variation(变化) on the popular game, instruct the child that, “Simon says, ‘point to something that starts with the letter ‘n’.’” The child can then find an object in the room or a body part, such as the nose, that starts with the letter presented. This can also be used to teach beginning sounds.‎ Make a game out of rhyming (押韵) words by making up silly words to rhyme with the child’s name or favorite toys. This sets the stage for rhyming real words by showing the child the similarities of sounds. As the child masters making up the words, begin rhyming real words to one another.‎ Tips to raise a successful reader:‎ Put books in places where the child plays. If books are easily accessible, children are more likely to pick them up.‎ Let children “read to you” by looking at pictures. Making up stories to go along with illustrations helps children discover how words relate to pictures.‎ Take books along on trips or even short visits to the doctor’s office or grocery store.‎ Have children help you shop. Reading grocery lists and looking for specific items help build vocabulary.‎ ‎24. Which of the following statements is TRUE?‎ A. A good reading habit can benefit your child at school.‎ B. Computer games help children develop reading skills.‎ C. You should be careful as for what books to read. ‎ D. Children enjoy reading poems to their parents. ‎ ‎25. What can we conclude from the text?‎ A. The most important thing is to make reading funny.‎ B. Children have a preference for stories with pictures.‎ C. Rhyming games should begin only with real words. ‎ D. Children tend to read more if books are at hand. ‎ ‎26. What message does the author deliver in the passage?‎ A. Interest is the best teacher B. Practice makes perfect ‎ C. Good methods are half done D. Failure teaches success ‎ ‎27. What are the intended readers of the text?‎ A. Parents. B. Children C. Educators. D. People in general. ‎ 参考答案：24-27 ADCA ‎ ‎[七]‎ One of the most important things in the world is friendship. In order to have friends, you have to be a friend. But how can you be a good friend at school?‎ Listen—Listen when they are talking. Don't say anything unless they ask you a question. Sometimes it's not necessary for you to have anything to say; they just need someone to talk to about their feelings.‎ Help them—If your friends are ever in need of something, be there to help them. You should try to put them first, but make sure you don't do everything they want you to do. Try to take an extra(额外的)pencil or pen with you to classes in case (以防) they forget one. Have a little extra money in your pocket in case they forget something they need.‎ Be there for them—Try to make something for your friends to help make them feel better in hard times. Making cards and encouraging them are among the nicest things you can do for a friend. Marilyn Monroe, a famous U．S. actor, once said, “I often make mistakes. Sometimes I am out of control. But if you can't stay with me at my worst, you are sure not to deserve(值得)to be with me at my best.” Always remember this! If you don't want to stay with your friends when they're in hard times, then you don't deserve to be with them when they're having a good time!‎ ‎________—Try to make plans with your friends. Go shopping, go for ice creams, have a party, go to a movie and so on. Take time to know each other even better by doing something you both enjoy. But planning things together, you both can have a good time. And you'll remember these things when you're both old!‎ ‎49．While your friend is talking to you about his or her feelings, you should ________.‎ A．give him or her some advice B．calm him or her down C．just listen unless asked D．share your feelings as well ‎50．What can we learn from Marilyn Monroe's words?‎ A．A friend in need is a friend indeed. B．A friend is easier lost than found.‎ C．Life without a friend is death. D．A man is known by his friends.‎ ‎51．Which of the following can be put in the blank of the last paragraph?‎ A．Make plans. B．Enjoy yourself. C．Understand your friends. D．Play with your friends.‎ ‎52．What is the passage mainly about?‎ A．How to find a good friend. B．How to help friends in trouble.‎ C．How to make more friends. D．How to be a good friend.‎ 友谊是世界上最为珍贵的一种情感，那么你怎么才能收获他人的友谊，让他或她做你的朋友呢？你要做的就是要首先成为他人的朋友。文章告诉你该如何做。‎ ‎49．C　细节理解题。根据第二段看出要想成为朋友，其中一条就是要学会倾听。“they just need someone to talk to about their feelings”理解为“有时候，他们(朋友)需要的只是有人能够倾听他们谈论内心情感”。故选C。‎ ‎50．A　推理判断题。“But if you can't stay with me at my worst, you are sure not to deserve (值得) to be with me at my best”意为“在我最糟糕的日子里，如果你不能留下来和我一起；那么你一定不是我最好的朋友(不值得拥有)。”可以推断出“患难见真情”。故选A。‎ ‎51．A　段落大意题。本段讲到和朋友在一起做事情也要有所计划。“一起计划做事情，你们俩才能有一个好的时光。”故选A。‎ ‎52．D　主旨大意题。根据第一段可知，世上最重要的事情之一是友谊，想交朋友，你必须准备好当个朋友，但你怎样才能在学校当个好的朋友呢？因此得知，D是文章主旨。‎ 参考答案：CAAD ‎[八]‎ Before coming to France, I always thought that French people wear formal clothes. But, when I arrived in Paris, I came to know why France ‎ could remain the lead in world fashion and Paris could attract so many designers from all over the world to come.‎ On the boulevard of Champs-elysees, there are many fashion shops of famous brands, such as Chanel, Dior, Pierre Cardin. In daily life, however, most of Parisians never wear clothes like those on the super models. On the opposite, I found people in Paris often dress in very simple designs and usually in dark.‎ Such situation doesn’t affect French designers to create more and more new styles. But I would say people in Paris dress more formally than those in the rest of France. In other French cities, what people wear are usually casual (休闲) dresses, such as T-shirts and jeans.‎ French people act as the fashion leaders, but they accept other clothes styles as well. Montpellier, the city I live in, is in southern France near the Mediterranean Sea. Here are many immigrants (移民) from Algeria, Morocco and other African countries. The Arabian and African cultures are influential (有影响的) in this city. Therefore, you can find a lot of young people dress in the North African style.‎ ‎25. France could remain the lead in world fashion and Paris could attract so many designers from all over the world because .‎ A. French people never wear fashionable clothes B. French designers are creative C. French people accept fashionable clothes and other styles D. both B and C ‎26. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？‎ A. The majority of Parisians always wear formal clothes.‎ B. Most of Parisians never wear fashionable clothes.‎ C. Parisians usually wear casual dresses like T- shirts and jeans.‎ D. Most Parisians often dress in simple designs and usually in dark.‎ ‎27. The underlined part “boulevard of Champs-elysees” possibly is .‎ A. a name of a famous street in Paris B. a name of a famous person in Paris C. a name of a famous city in France D. a name of a famous brand in France 参考答案：25-27 DDA ‎[九]‎ Some educators told us that more years of school could help students get higher scores on intelligence tests. That was a finding of a study of teenage males in some countries. Now，another research shows that physical activity may help students do better in their classes.‎ The research comes as educators in some countries are reducing time for activities like physical education. They are using the time instead for academic subjects like math and reading. The studies appeared between 2008 and 2014.They included more than 55,000 children，aged 6 to 18.‎ Amika Singh：“According to the results of our study，we can conclude that being physically active is beneficial for academic performance. There are，first，physiological explanations，like more blood flow，and so more oxygen to the brain. Being physically active means there are more hormones(荷尔蒙) produced like endorphins(内啡肽)．And endorphins make your stress level lower and your mood improved，which means you also perform better.”‎ Also，students taking part in organized sports learn rules and how to follow them. This could improve their classroom behavior and help them keep their mind on their work.‎ The study leaves some questions unanswered，however. Ms Stash says it is not possible to say whether the amount or kind of activity affected the level of academic improvement. This is because of differences among the studies.‎ The researchers said they found only two high quality studies. They ‎ needed more high quality studies to confirm(证实) their findings. They also pointed out that “results for other parts of the world may be quite different”．‎ Still，the general finding was that physically active kids are more likely to do better in school. Ms Singh says schools should consider that finding before they cut physical education programs. Her paper on “Physical Activity and Performance at School” is published in the Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine.‎ ‎28．The passage mainly tells us that .‎ A．a research on physical education has been done by the researchers B．there is a possibility that physical activity leads to higher grades C．the amount or kind of activity directly affects academic level D．the research shows that the children aged 6 to 18 don't do sports ‎29．Which of the following is TRUE?‎ A．Being mentally active is good for academic subjects.‎ B．The more hormones you have，the more stressed you will get.‎ C．The researchers have found many highquality studies to prove the research.‎ D．The educators in some countries think studies，not exercise，mean much to students.‎ ‎30．The underlined sentence in Paragraph 6 probably means .‎ A．good marks result from high quality study B．findings are probably different in different areas C．physical activity will spread all over the world D．academic performance depends on the surroundings ‎31．What’s the purpose of writing the passage?‎ A．To call our attention to the sports at school.‎ B．To introduce all types of physical activities.‎ C．To represent the academic performance.‎ D．To improve students’ health.‎ 参考答案：28-31 BDBA ‎[十]‎ You have probably heard of the Mozart effect. It’s the idea that if children or even babies listen to music composed by Mozart, they will become more intelligent. A quick Internet search reveals plenty of products to assist you in the task. Whatever your age there are CDs and books to help you taste the power of Mozart’s music, but when it comes to scientific evidence that it can make you more clever, the picture is more mixed.‎ The phrase “the Mozart effect” was made up in 1991, but it was a study described two years later in the journal Nature that sparked real media and public interest about the idea that listening to classical music somehow improves the brain. It is one of those ideas that sound reasonable. Mozart was undoubtedly a genius himself; his music is complex and there is a hope that if we listen to enough of it, we’ll become more intelligent.‎ The idea took off, with thousands of parents playing Mozart to their children, and in 1998 Zell Miller, the Governor of the state of Georgia in the US, even asked for money to be set aside in the state budget so that every newborn baby could be sent a CD of classical music. It was not just babies and children who were exposed to Mozart’s music on purpose, even an Italian farmer proudly explained that the cows were played Mozart three times a day to help them to produce better milk.‎ I’ll leave the debate on the impact on milk yield to farmers, but what about the evidence that listening to Mozart makes people more intelligent? More research was carried out but an analysis of sixteen different studies confirmed that listening to music does lead to a temporary improvement in the ability to handle shapes mentally, but the benefits are short-lived and it doesn’t make us more intelligent.‎ ‎32. What can we learn from paragraph 1?‎ A. Mozart composed (作曲) many musical pieces for children.‎ B. Children listening to Mozart will be more intelligent.‎ C. There is little scientific evidence to support Mozart effect.‎ D. There are few products on the Internet about Mozart’s music.‎ ‎33. The underlined sentence in paragraph 3 suggests that ________.‎ A. people were strongly against the idea B. Mozart played an important part in people’s life C. the idea was accepted by many people D. the US government helped promote the idea ‎34. What is the author’s attitude towards the Mozart effect?‎ A. Favorable. B. Objective (客观的).‎ C. Positive. D. Doubtful.‎ ‎35. What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A. To be or not to be? B. What music is beneficial?‎ C. What is the Mozart effect? D. Listening to Mozart, necessary?‎ 参考答案：32-35 CCDD