广东省深圳市2020届高三适应性考试英语试题 Word版含解析

广东省深圳市2020届高三适应性考试英语试题 Word版含解析

- 1 - 2020 届高三适应性考试 英语试题 第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。 A 1. According to the Code, visitors should act _______ . A. with care and respect B. with relief and pleasure C. with caution and calmness D. with attention and observation 2. What are you encouraged to do when travelling in New Zealand? - 2 - A. Take your own camping facilities. B. Bury glass far away from rivers. C. Follow the track for the sake of plants. D. Observe signs to approach nesting birds. 3. Where is the code most likely read? A. A letter from your pen pal in New Zealand. B. An advertisement put by a travel agency. C. A brochure handed out by New Zealand Tourism Bureau. D. A poster on the gate of the New Zealand’s national park. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 【解析】 这是一篇应用文，这是一篇关于去新西兰旅游的游客须知。 【1 题详解】 推理判断题。根据标题“Arrive with nothing that can harm New Zealander”到达时，不 要携带任何伤害新西兰的东西，“Protect plants and animals”保护植物和动物。Get rid of rubblish”处理好垃圾。“ Be considerate with other waste” 对其他浪费要考虑周 到。“Keep New Zealander’s water clean” 保持新西兰的水干净。“Take care with fire” 小心火。“Camp or picnic carefully”小心露营或野餐。“Keep to the track” 沿着路 径走。“Be considerate”考虑周全。由此判断出，根据须知，游客必须小心谨慎，尊重自 然。故选 A 项。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Keep to the track “Keep to the track，where one exists, so you lessen the chance of damaging fragile plants.”沿着路径走，这样你就减少了破坏脆弱植物的 机会。所以在新西兰旅行时，为了保护植物，游客被鼓励沿着路径走。故选 C 项。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。根据标题 Visitor Code“游客须知”以及“Arrive with nothing that can harm New Zealander”到达时，不要携带任何伤害新西兰的东西。以及下文的须知的具体介绍，由 此判断出，这是新西兰旅游局发放的小册子。故选 C 项。 B Aging happens to all of us, and is widely thought of as a natural part of life. It would seem silly to call such a thing a “disease.” - 3 - On the other hand, scientists are increasingly learning that aging and biological age are two different things, and that the former is a key risk factor for conditions such as heart disease, cancer and many more. In that light, aging itself might be seen as something treatable, the way you would treat high blood pressure or a vitamin deficiency(不足). Biophysicist Alex Zhavoronkov believes that aging should be considered a disease. He said that describing aging as a disease creates incentives(动机) to develop treatments. “It unties the hands of the pharmaceutical (制药的) industry so that they can begin treating the disease and not just the side effects,” he said. “Right now, people think of aging as natural and something you can’t control,” he said. “In academic circles, people take aging research as just an interest area where they can try to develop interventions（介入，参与）. The medical community also takes aging for granted, and can do nothing about it except keep people within a certain health range.” But if aging were recognized as a disease, he said, “It would attract funding and change the way we do health care. What matters is understand that aging is curable.” “It was always known that the body accumulates damage,” he added. “The only way to cure aging is to find ways to repair that damage. I think of it as preventive medicine for age-related conditions.” Leonard Hayflick, a professor at the University of California, San Francisco, said the idea that aging can be cured implies the human lifespan can be increased, which some researchers suggest is possible. Hayflick is not among them. “There’re many people who recover from cancer, stroke, or heart disease. But they continue to age, because aging is separate from their disease,” Hayflick said. “Even if those causes of death were removed, life expectancy would still not go much beyond 92 years.” 4. What do people generally believe about aging? A. It should cause no alarm whatsoever. - 4 - B. They just cannot do anything about it. C. It should be regarded as a kind of disease. D. They can delay it with advances in science. 5. What does Alex Zhavoronkov think of “describing aging as a disease”? A. It will urge people to take aging more seriously. B. It will greatly help reduce the side effects of aging. C. It will free pharmacists from the conventional beliefs about aging. D. It will motivate doctors and pharmacists to find ways to treat aging. 6. What do we learn about the medical community? A. They now have a strong interest in research on aging. B. They differ from the academic circles in their view on aging. C. They can contribute to people’s health only to a limited extent. D. They have ways to intervene in people’s aging process. 7. What does Professor Leonard Hayflick believe? A. The human lifespan cannot be lengthened. B. Aging is hardly separable from disease. C. Few people can live up to the age of 92. D. Heart disease is the major cause of aging. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。本文主要是对人类的衰老过程是一种自然现象还是一种疾病的问题，引用 了几个研究人员的观点来从不同的角度出发进行了讨论。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一句 Aging happens to all of us, and is generally thought as a natural part of life. 可知衰老发生在我们每个人身上，通常被认为是生活中很自然的一部分。由 此可知，人们通常认为他们对衰老无能为力。故选 B。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中 Biophysicist Alex Zhavoronkov believes that aging should be considered a disease. He said that describing aging as a disease creates incentives(动机) to develop treatments. 生物物理学家 Alex Zhavoronkov 认为衰老应该 - 5 - 被视为一种疾病。他说，将衰老描述为一种疾病会刺激人们开发治疗方法。由此可知，Alex Zhavoronkov 认为衰老应该被视为一种疾病将激励医生和药剂师寻找治疗衰老的方法。故选 D。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中 In academic circles, people take aging research as just an interest area where they can try to develop interferences. The medical community also takes aging for granted, and can do nothing about it except keep people within a certain health range.可知在学术界，人们只是把衰老研究作为一个有趣的领域，在那里他们可以尝 试开发干扰。医学界也认为衰老是理所当然的，除了让人们保持在一定的健康范围内，他们 无能为力。由此可知，关于医学界，我们了解到他们只能在有限的范围内对人们的健康做出 贡献。故选 C。 【7 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 Leonard Hayflick, a professor at the University of California, San Francisco, said the idea that aging can be cured implies the human lifespan can be increased, which some researchers suggest is possible. Hayflick is not among them.可知加州大学旧金山分校教授 Leonard Hayflick 表示，衰老可以治愈的观 点意味着人类寿命可以延长，一些研究人员认为这是可能的。Hayflick 不在其中。由此可知， Hayflick 教授认为人类的寿命是不能延长的。故选 A。 C It’s time to reevaluate how women handle conflict at work. Being overworked or over-committed at home and on the job will not get you where you want to be in life. It will only slow you down and hinder(阻碍) your career goals. Did you know women are more likely than men to feel exhausted? Nearly twice as many women than men ages 18-44 reported feeling drained of energy, according to a recent study. This may not be surprising given that this is the age range when women have children. It’s also the age range when many women are trying to balance careers and home. One reason women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying “no.” Women want to be able to do it all—volunteer for school parties or cook delicious meals—and so their answer to any request is often “Yes, I can.” Women struggle to say “no” in the workplace for similar reasons, including the - 6 - desire to be liked by their colleagues. Unfortunately, this inability to say “no” may be hurting women’s health as well as their career. At the workplace, men use conflict as a way to position themselves, while women often avoid conflict or strive to be the peacemaker, because they don’t want to be viewed as aggressive at work. For example, there’s a problem that needs to be addressed immediately, resulting in a dispute over who should be the one to fix it. Men are more likely to face that dispute from the perspective of what benefits them most, whereas women may approach the same dispute from the perspective of what’s the easiest and quickest way to resolve the problem—even if that means doing the boring work themselves. This difference in handling conflict could be the deciding factor on who gets promoted to a leadership position and who does not. Leaders have to be able to assign tasks and manage resources wisely. Shouldering more of the workload may not earn you that promotion. Instead, it may highlight you inability to effectively make use of what you have. 8. What does the author say is the problem with women? A. They are often unclear about the career goals to reach. B. They are usually more committed at home than on the job. C. They tend to be over-optimistic about how far they could go. D. They tend to push themselves beyond the limits of their ability. 9. The underlined word s “drained of energy” can be replaced by________ A. weak B. unhappy C. stressful D. tired 10. What do we learn about the difference of men and women on the job? A. That women usually avoid conflict and strive to be the peacemaker is because their men colleagues are more aggressive. B. When there is an urgent problem to address, women are more likely to do the task as they usually respond quicker than man. C. Men and women differ in their approach to resolving workplace conflicts in that women are more ready to compromise. D. Men have more chances to be leaders because they are able take advantage of others - 7 - and shoulder less workload. 11. Which of the following event will the author have most interest to take part in? A. A training course teaching women to say “no”. B. A campaign for more women rights. C. A debate on whether woman is capable of working on the job. D. A sharing on how woman can balance work and family. 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。文章论述了女性比男性更有可能感到“筋疲力尽”的原因，是因为女性倾 向于将自己逼迫超出自身能力之外。文章还指出在面对工作中的冲突争端时，男性倾向于将 个人利益放在第一位，而女性则可能会从解决问题的最简单和最快的方法的角度来处理同样 的争议，即使这意味着她们自己要做枯燥的工作。 【8 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段 Unfortunately, this inability to say “no” may be hurting women’s health as well as their career.（不幸的是，不能说“不”可能会损害女性的 健康和她们的事业。）由此判断出，作者认为女性面临的问题是倾向于超越自己能力的极限。 故选 D。 【9 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段划线词所在地句子 Did you know women are more likely than men to feel exhausted? Nearly twice as many women than men ages 18-44 reported feeling drained of energy, according to a recent study.（你知道女性比男性更容易感到疲惫吗？ 最近的一项研究表明，18-44 岁的女性感到精力枯竭的人数是男性的近两倍。）可知，drained of energy 意为“疲惫的，筋疲力尽的”。故选 D。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段 At the workplace, men use conflict as a way to position themselves, while women often avoid conflict or strive to be the peacemaker, because they don’t want to be viewed as aggressive at work.（在工作场所，男性用冲突作为 自己定位的一种方式，而女性则经常避免冲突或努力成为调解者，因为她们不想在工作中被 视为好斗。）由此判断出，男性和女性解决职场冲突的方法不同，因为女性更愿意妥协。故选 - 8 - C。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段 One reason women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying “no.”（ 女性感到疲惫的一个原因是她们很难说“不”。）由此判断出， 作者指出了女性在职场中感到疲惫的原因，因此推知，作者可能会对教导女性说“不”的培 训课程最感兴趣。故选 A。 【点睛】推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常 常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。做好该题 型要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥 梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”。推理判断题常常可以分为如下几类：（1） 细节推断。如时间、地点、人物关系等；（2）逻辑推断。根据已知的结果推断导致结果产生 的可能原因；（3）目的、意图、态度推断。根据文章的论述，推断作者的写作目的以及作者 情感态度；（4）预测想象推断。文章没有明确说明，要求根据语篇对文章可能涉及的内容进 行预测判断。（5）预测文章出处。根据文章主旨判断出文章可能出自什么地方。本文中第 3 小题和第 4 小题都是推理判断题。 D Not so long ago, Shelly Ann Francis Pryce was just an average high school athlete. There was every indication that she was just another American teenager without much of a future. However, Stephen Francis observed then eighteen-year-old Shelly Ann and was convinced that he had seen the beginning of true greatness. Her time was not exactly impressive, but even so, he believed there was something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her lacking. He decided to offer Shelly Ann a place in his very strict training seasons. Their cooperation quickly produced results, and at Jamaica’s Olympic games in early 2008, Shelly Annbeat Jamaica’s unchallenged queen of the sprint(短跑). Then, at the Beijing Olympic she became the first Jamaican woman ever to win the 100 meters Olympic gold. She did it again one year on at the World Championship in Briton, becoming world champion with a time of 10.73—the fourth record ever. Shelly-Anner’s journey to becoming the fastest woman on earth has been anything but smooth and effortless. She grew up in one of Jamaica’s toughest inner-city - 9 - communities known as Waterhouse, where she lived in a one-room apartment, sleeping four in a bed with her mother and two brothers. Waterhouse, one of the poorest communities in Jamaica, is a really violent and overpopulated place. Her mother Maxime, one of a family of fourteen, had been an athlete herself as a young girl but had to stop after she had her first baby. However, Maxime determined to ensure that her kids would not end up in Waterhouse’s poverty. One of the first things Maxime used to do was taking Shelly-Ann to the track. Shelly-Ann’s victory was far greater than personal glory. The night she won Olympic gold, the routine murders in Waterhouse and the drug wars in the neighbouring streets stopped. The dark cloud above one of the world’s toughest criminal neighbourhoods simply disappeared for a few days. “I have so much fire burning for my country,” Shelly said. She plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse. She hopes to inspire the Jamaicans to lay down their weapons. She intends to fight to make it a woman’s as well as a man’s world. 12. Why did Stephen Francis decide to coach Shelly-Ann? A. He had a strong desire to free her family from trouble. B. He sensed a great potential in her despite her weaknesses. C. She had big problems maintaining her performance. D. She suffered a lot of defeats at the previous track meets. 13. What made Maxime decide to train her daughter on the track? A. Her success and lessons in her career. B. Her wish to get Shelly-Ann out of poverty. C. Her interest in Shelly-Ann’s quick profit. D. Her early entrance into the sprinting world. 14. What can we infer from Shelly-Ann’s statement underlined in Paragraph 4? A. She was highly rewarded for her efforts. B. She was eager to do more for her country. C. She became an athletic star in her country. D. She was the envy of the whole community. - 10 - 15. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Making of a Great Athlete B. The Dream for Championship C. The Key to High Performance D. The Power of Full Responsibility 【答案】12. B 13. B 14. B 15. A 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了牙买加著名女飞人 Shelly-Ann 的故事。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Her time was not exactly impressive, but even so, he believed there was something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her lacking.”可知，Stephen Francis 相信 Shelly-Ann 有一些其他教练忽 视的能力，所以尽管 Shelly-Ann 的表现不令人印象深刻，但是他认为是有潜能的。故选 B 项。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Waterhouse, one of the poorest communities in Jamaica, is a really violent and overpopulated place.However, Maxime determined to ensure that her kids would not end up in Waterhouse’s poverty.”可知，Maxime 一家生活在牙买加 最贫穷的地区之一 Waterhouse，出于母亲责任感她下定决心，确保她的孩子不会在这个贫困 的城市度过一辈子，所以她这么做就是想让 Shelly-Ann 能够脱离贫穷。故选 B项。 【14 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“She plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse.”可知她计划在 Waterhouse 为无家可 归孩子建立基金会并想要建立社区中心，所以她是渴望为国家做很多事情。故选 B 项。 【15 题详解】 主旨大意题。结合文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了著名女飞人 Shelly-Ann 从成绩平庸到成为 奥运冠军，再到最后成为世界上跑的最快的女性的故事。故选 A 项。 第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Do Man-on-the-Street Interviews The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot. ___16___ But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy. - 11 - When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, “Why do you think environmental protection is important in America?” ___17___ Hit the streets with confidence. ___18___ Say, “Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.” This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you. Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested. Don’t get discouraged. ___19___ Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you won’t be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten. ___20___ If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, don’t leave work without them. A. Limit your time. B. As you approach people, be polite. C. If you don’t own a camera, you can buy one. D. For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task. E. To get good and useful results, ask them the same question. F. That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need. G. With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply. 【答案】16. D 17. G 18. B 19. A 20. F 【解析】 本文是一篇选句填空。本文主要讲述了如何进行街头采访。文中给了几个小贴士来帮助那些 新记者更轻松的进行街头采访，比如采访前计划好话题和问题，增强自己的信心，控制采访 的时间等。 【16 题详解】 - 12 - 根据后一句 But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.可知，以下这些小贴士会让你的采访很容易。but 一词连接两句相反的句意，故可推 测，空白处会写道采访是件很困难的事。D. For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.(对于新记者来说，这似乎是一项具有挑战性的任务。)符合上下文语境， 故选 D。 【17 题详解】 根据前文 think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it.可知，本段讲的是在采访前需要想好话题以及和话题相关的问题，空白处前 一句是一个问题，With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply.(有了这样一个问题，你将得到不止一个“是”或“否”的回答。)符合此处语境，关 键词 questions，故选 G。 【18 题详解】 根据主题句 Hit the streets with confidence.以及后文 Excuse me…This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.可知，本段讲上街采访礼仪方面的注意事项，B项：As you approach people, be polite.(当你接近别人时，要有礼貌。)符合本段文意。故选 B。 【19 题详解】 根据后一句 Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person.可知， 每次街头采访一个人不应该超过十分钟。一旦你得到你需要的答案，就转到下一个人。可推 测你采访的时候要控制好自己的时间。A. Limit your time.(限制你的时间)符合本段文意， 故选 A。 【20 题详解】 根据前文 Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers.可知，当你采访的时候，你要尽量得到多种多样的答案。关键词 answers，空格 前又提到 A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten.(进行采访的安 全人数大约是六到十人。)F 项：That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.(面试次数应该能给你所有你需要的答案。)符合文意，故选 F。 第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最 - 13 - 佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 What is intelligence (智力) anyway? When I was in the army I ___21___ an intelligence test that all soldiers took, and, against ___22___ of 100, scored 160. No one at the base had ever seen a ___23___ like that. All my life I've been registering scores like that, so I have the feeling that I'm highly___24___, and I expect other people to think so, too. Actually, though, don't such ___25___simply mean that I am very good at answering the type of academic questions? I had an auto-repair man once, who, on these intelligence tests, could not___26___ have scored more than 80. Yet, when anything went wrong with my car I hurried to him — and he always___27___it. Well, then, suppose my auto-repair man___28___questions for some intelligence tests. By every one of them I'd prove myself a ___29___. In a world where I have to work with my___30___. I'd do poorly. Consider my auto-repair man again. He had a habit of telling___31___. One time he said, "Doc, a deaf-and-dumb (聋哑) man___32___some nails. Having entered a store, he put two fingers together on the counter and made ___33___movements with the other hand. The clerk brought him a hammer. He___34___his head and pointed to the two fingers he was hammering. The clerk___35___him some nails. He picked out the right size and left. Well, Doc, the ___36___man who came in was blind. He wanted scissors (剪刀). How do you suppose he___37___them?" I lifted my right hand and made scissoring movements with my first two fingers. He burst out laughing and said, "Why, you fool, he used his ___38___and asked for them. I've been ___39___that on all my customers today, but I knew for sure I'd catch you. "Why is that" I asked. "Because you are so goddamned educated, Doc. I knew you couldn't be very ___40___ 21. A. failed B. wrote C. received D. chose 22. A. an average B. a total C. a result D. a number 23. A. talent B. fighter C. figure D. legend 24. A. proud B. disciplined C. intelligent D. well-trained - 14 - 25. A. methods B. scores C. achievements D. processes 26. A. always B. possibly C. certainly D. frequently 27. A. fixed B. checked C. drove D. made 28. A. answered B. practiced C. designed D. attempted 29. A. doctor B. master C. winner D. fool 30. A. brains B. effort C. hands D. wisdom 31. A. lies B. jokes C. news D. tales 32. A. bought B. experimented C. found D. needed 33. A. cutting B. hammering C. waving D. circling 34. A. nodded B. raised C. shook D. turned 35. A. brought B. packed C. sent D. sold 36. A. noble B. bright C. strange D. next 37. A. asked for B. worried about C. begged for D. complained about 38. A. imagination B. hand C. voice D. gesture 39. A. trying B. proving C. practising D. examining 40. A. clear B. silly C. slow D. smart 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. A 40. D 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与汽车修理工之间的交流告诉我们智商只是相对而言， 并不能说明任何问题。而是要看这个智力测试的题目是由谁来制定，不同的人制定，结果就 会大相径庭。 【21 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在部队的时候，我接受一次智力测试，这个测试所有士兵都参加， - 15 - 平均分是 100，而我 160. A. failed 失败；B. wrote 写；C. received 接受； D. chose 选 择。根据下文“an intelligence test that all soldiers took”可知我和所有士兵都参加 了智力测试。故选 C 项。 【22 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在部队的时候，我接受一次智力测试，这个测试所有士兵都参加， 平均分是 100，而我 160. A. an average 平均；B. a total 总数；C. a result 结果；D. a number 数字。根据上文“test”和下文“100”，可知此处表示平均得分是 100，而 an average of 译为“平均”。故选 A 项。 【23 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：部队里没有人见过这样的数值。A. talent 智商；B. fighter 奋 斗者；C. figure 数字；肖像；D. legend 传说。根据上文“scored 160”，可知我的智力测 试得了 160 分，这个分值是部队里其他人没有得过的。故选 C 项。 【24 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一生都在记录这个分数，因此我有一种感觉我的智商很高， 并且我希望其他人也这么认为。A. proud 骄傲；B. disciplined 纪律；C. intelligent 智商； D. well-trained 训练有素的。根据上文“scored 160”可知我智商测试得 160，所以我认为 我有高智商。故选 C 项。 【25 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不过其实，这样的成绩并不意味着我擅长回答那些学术问题。A. methods 方法；B. scores 得分，成绩；C. achievements 成就；D. processes 进步，进展。 根据上文提及我智商测试的得分，可知这里提到的是分数，成绩。故选 B 项。 【26 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我曾经有一个汽车修理工的朋友，他在智商测试的时候，得分不 可能超过 80 分。A. always 总是；B. possibly 可能性；C. certainly 当然；D. frequently 经常性。此处 possibly 常与否定词连用，表示不可能。故选 B 项。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我车有问题去他那的时候，他总能修理它。A. fixed 安 装，修理；B. checked 核对；C. drove 驾驶；D. made 制作。根据上文可知他是一名汽车修 理工，所以我车有问题就去找他，他能修理我的车。故选 A 项。 【28 题详解】 - 16 - 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，假设汽车修理工设计智商测试的问题。A. answered 回答； B. practiced 练习；C. designed 设计；D. attempted 尝试。根据上文“suppose”可知我在 这里是假设汽车修理工设计问题。故选 C 项。 【29 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我做其中哪个部分都会证明我自己是个傻瓜。A. doctor 医生；B. master 主人；C. winner 获胜者；D. fool 傻瓜。根据下文“I'd do poorly.”可知在动手 工作的环境中，我会做的很差，所以如果是修理工出题，他会出很多关于动手方面的题，那 么我就会像傻瓜一样答不出来。故选 D 项。 【30 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个动手工作的世界里，我就会做得很差。A. brains 大脑；B. effort 努力；C. hands 手；D. wisdom 智慧。根据下文“Doc,”可知我是一名智商很高的医 生，是脑力劳动者，所以如果涉及动手方面事情，会做的很差。故选 C 项。 【31 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他有讲笑话的习惯。A. lies 说谎；B. jokes 笑话；C. news 消息； D. tales 故事。根据下文他给我讲的故事，可知他爱讲笑话。而 tell jokes 译为“讲笑话”。 故选 B 项。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个聋哑人需要一些钉子。A. bought 买；B. experimented 实验； C. found 发现；D. needed 需要。根据下文“The clerk___15___him some nails.”可知店 员给他拿了一些钉子，可知他需要的是钉子，也是进入商店的原因。故选 D 项。 【33 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他进入商店，他把两根手指放在柜台上，另一只手做锤的动作。A. cutting 切割；B. hammering 锤；C. waving 挥手；D. circling 绕圈。根据下文“The clerk brought him a hammer”可知，店员给他拿了一个锤子，所以他做的是锤的动作。故选 B 项。 【34 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他摇头，并且指着他锤的那两个手指。A. nodded 点头；B. raised 饲养，举高；C. shook 摇晃；D. turned 转身。根据下文“pointed to the two fingers he was hammering.”可知他指着那两根手指，所以他对于店员给他拿锤子，用摇头来拒绝。故 选 C 项。 【35 题详解】 - 17 - 考查动词词义辨析。句意：店员给他拿了一些钉子。A. brought 带来；B. packed 收拾行李； C. sent 派送；D. sold 售卖。根据下文“He picked out the right size and left.”可知 他拿了正确的尺码，然后离开，所以店员给他拿对了。故选 A 项。 【36 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，医生，下一个进来是个盲人。A. noble 崇高的；B. bright 鲜艳的；C. strange 奇怪的；D. next 下一个。根据下文“He wanted scissors”可知盲人 想要买剪刀，所以他是另一个进入商店的人，而 the next 表示先后顺序。故选 D 项。 【37 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：你想象一下他是怎么要的？A. asked for 索要，求见；B. worried about 担心；C. begged for 祈求；D. complained about 抱怨。根据下文“asked for them.” 可知，此处与下文 ask for 相对应。故选 A 项。 【38 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你这回笨了，他用他的嗓音来买东西。A. imagination 想象；B. hand 手；C. voice 嗓音；D. gesture 手势。根据上文可知进来的是盲人，虽然看不见但是可以说 话，所以他买东西用嗓音就可以了。故选 C 项。 【39 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直用这个故事来测试今天所有的客人。A. trying 尝试；B. proving 证明；C. practising 练习；D. examining 检查。此处考查 trying sth on sb 译为 “用某事测试某人”。故选 A 项。 【40 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医生，因为你受过足够多的的教育，因此你不会耍滑头。A. clear 清楚；B. silly 愚蠢；C. slow 缓慢；D. smart 聪明，滑头。根据上文“because you are so goddamned educated”可知汽车修理工认为医生受过足够多的教育，所以他会按常规思考问 题，所以他是不会耍滑头。故选 D 项。 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 A farmer once organized a____41____( compete ) between his dog and his rabbit. He dug a hole in one of his biggest fields, and hid a carrot and a bone in it. He wanted to see which animal would find ____42____first. The cheerful and optimistic rabbit threw himself into looking for the carrot, - 18 - ___43___ （dig） here and there, ____44____ ( total ) convinced that he would find it. But the dog, after sniffing around for a bit, lay down and began to complain about how difficult it was to find ___45___ bone in such a big field. The rabbit dug for hours, ____46____ with every new hole the dog complained even more about how difficult this was, even for the rabbit. But the rabbit thought that each hole dug was one hole ____47____( little ) that needed digging. When there was no place in the whole field ____48____( leave ) to dig, the rabbit dug a tunnel right to ___49___ the dog had been lying all the time. There he found the carrot and the bone. This is how the dog lost the game. He _____50_____( come ) to the right place at the very beginning but failed to find the bone because he only complained and didn't try at all. 【答案】41. competition 42. them 43. digging 44. totally 45. a/one 46. and 47. less 48. left 49. where 50. had come 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在农夫组织的一场比赛中，兔子凭借自己的积极努力找到了胡萝 卜，狗却只是抱怨而不去行动，最后没能找到骨头。 【41 题详解】 考查名词。句意：有一次，一个农夫组织了一场狗和兔子的比赛。此处缺少名词作 organized 的宾语，根据“between his dog and his rabbit”可知此处表示“比赛”，故填 competition。 【42 题详解】 考查代词。句意：他想看看狗和兔子谁会先找到它们。作动词 find 的宾语用宾格，此处指代 前面提到的“a carrot and a bone”，故填 them。 【43 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：快乐且乐观的兔子全身心地找胡萝卜，挖来挖去，深信自己一定能 找到。此处使用非谓语动词，The cheerful and optimistic rabbit 与 dig 之间是逻辑上的 - 19 - 主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作伴随状语，故填 digging。 【44 题详解】 考查副词。句意同上，修饰 convinced 用副词，故填 totally。 【45 题详解】 考查冠词/数词。句意：但是，狗嗅了一会儿便趴下了，开始抱怨在这么大的一块地里找一根 骨头是多么困难。bone 是发音以辅音音素开头的可数名词，此处泛指“一根骨头”，应该用 不定冠词 a 修饰，也可以用数词 one 表示“一个、一根”，故填 a/one。 【46 题详解】 考查连词。句意：兔子挖了好几个小时，随着不断挖出的洞，狗愈发抱怨这是多么困难，甚 至抱怨起了兔子。此处缺少连词，根据句意可知前后在语意上是顺承关系，故填 and。 【47 题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：而兔子认为挖出一个洞，需要挖的洞就少一个。此处有一个隐晦 的比较意义，表示“比挖之前少一个”，故填 less。 【48 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当整块地没地方可挖时，兔子挖了一条隧道，直到狗趴着的地方。 place 与 leave 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语，故填 left。 【49 题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意同上，此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故填 where。 【50 题详解】 考查时态。句意：它一开始就找到了正确的地点，但由于只是抱怨而不去尝试，最后它没能 找到骨头。come 这一动作发生在 lost 之前，也就是过去的过去，用过去完成时，故填 had come。 第三部分写作(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节短文改错(共 10 小题；每小题 l 分，满分 10 分) 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 - 20 - I was told that the three Ps, patience, positive thinking and perseverance, was a sure path to success. And this advice does not always work as planned. My high school maths exam is one example. An exam, which was originally to be held in our classroom, was changed to the library at the last minute. It, however, didn't bother me because maths had always been my strongest subject. I patient walked to the library, took my seat and did some deep breathing to help relax me. But my mood changed quickly when I saw the first question. I had no idea what to do it. I was tried to stay positive and persevered until I finally found the solution. With the problem solving, I felt proud of my achievement. Unfortunately , I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left complete the rest. 【答案】1.was→were 2.And→But 3.An→The 4.It→This 5.patient→patiently 6.me→myself 7.what→how 8.was 去掉 9.solving→solved 10.left 后填加 to 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加一次数学考试，但是因为注意力过于集中在第一 题上，导致时间分配不合理，没有答完试卷。 【详解】1.考查主谓一致。分析可知，该句主语为 the three Ps 是复数，谓语动词也用复数， 而 was 为单数，故将 was 改为 were。 2.考查连词。分析可知，前后句为转折关系，and 译为“并且”，表示并列关系；but 译为“但 是”，表示转折关系。故将 And 改为 But。 3.考查冠词。分析可知，此处 exam 特指上文 My high school maths exam，所以应用定冠词 - 21 - the 表示特指，而 an 表示泛指。故将 an 改为 the。 4.考查代词。根据句意“然而，这并没有困扰我，因为数学一直是我最强的科目”可知，主 语为 this，this 译为“这，这是”,为指示代词，代指前文提及的人或物。故将 It 改为 This。 5.考查副词。分析可知，此处副词 patiently 修饰其后动词 walked，故将 patient 改为 patiently。 6.考查代词。分析可知，此处 relax oneself 译为“让某人放松”，为固定短语。且主语为 I, 所拥反身代词作宾语。故将 me 改为 myself。 7.考查疑问词。根据句意“我不知道怎么样去做”，表示方式的疑问词+to do ,作宾语。故 将 what 改为 how。 8.考查语态。分析可知，此处 I与 tried 之间是主动关系，表示“我尝试”，应为主动语态， 时态为一般过去时。故将 was 去掉。 9.考查非谓语动词。分析可知，此处 solve 为非谓语动词，其逻辑主语为 problem，二者构成 动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。故将 solving 改为 solved。 10.考查不定式。分析可知，此处考查 be left to do sth 译为“被留下做某事”，故填 to。 第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分) 52.假定你是高三学生李华。你的英国朋友 Jim 是来华学习的交换生，最近他发现十二生肖 （ Chinese zodiac）与中国人的生活息息相关，想加以了解，请给 Jim 写封回信。信的内容 包括： 1. 简要介绍十二生肖；2. 在人们生活中的作用；3. 你自己的生肖。 注意：1.100 词左右； 2.适当增加细节，使行文连贯 提示：星座 horoscope，生肖属相 zodiac sign，运程 fortune and the course of events ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________ 【答案】Dear Jim, Knowing / Learning that you are wondering about Chinese zodiac and want to know the culture behind it, I am very glad to tell you something about it . - 22 - When the westerners use the horoscope (星座）to analyze the character of individuals born at that time and predict their future, Chinese have the zodiac（生 肖）to associate each year with an animal and believe it helps indicate fortune and the course of events. The Chinese zodiac signs refer to twelve animals including rat, ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, sheep, monkey, rooster, dog and pig. And in Chinese lunar calendar, 2020 is the Year of Rat, followed by the Year of Ox and the rest come in turn. The zodiac signs are also linked to the change of the months and dates, and that’s why you read the animal signs on each page of our calendar. My zodiac sign is dragon, meaning that I was born in the Year of Dragon. Can you figure out which year it is and how old I am now? If you would like to learn more about the Chinese zodiac, you can write to me again or come to me so that we can do further investigation about this traditional culture. Best wishes! Yours Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给你的英国朋友 Jim 写一封回信，内容是介绍十二生肖 与中国人的生活相关一事。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：一般现在时 结构：三段式。 第一段：提出写信目的（tell some information）； 第二段：介绍十二生肖和其在生活中的作用，以及我的生肖 （introduction,effective）； 第三段：可随时联系（contact）。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） Chinese zodiac, horoscope, zodiac sign, fortune and the course of events, refer to, - 23 - be linked to, figure out, further investigation, traditional culture 第三步：连词成句 1. Knowing / Learning that you are wondering about Chinese zodiac and want to know the culture behind it, I am very glad to tell you something about it. 2. Chinese have the zodiac（生肖）to associate each year with an animal and believe it helps indicate fortune and the course of events. 3. The Chinese zodiac signs refer to twelve animals including rat, ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, sheep, monkey, rooster, dog and pig. 4. The zodiac signs are also linked to the change of the months and dates, and that’s why you read the animal signs on each page of our calendar. 5. My zodiac sign is dragon, meaning that I was born in the Year of Dragon. 6. If you would like to learn more about the Chinese zodiac, you can write to me again or come to me so that we can do further investigation about this traditional culture. 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符 合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用很多较好句式，如：If you would like to learn more about the Chinese zodiac, you can write to me again or come to me so that we can do further investigation about this traditional culture.非谓语动词的运用。And in Chinese lunar calendar, 2020 is the Year of Rat, followed by the Year of Ox and the rest come in turn.该句使用了 if 引导的条件句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语 的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。 - 24 -