陕西省西安市第一中学2021届高三上学期第五次模拟英语试题 Word版含解析

陕西省西安市第一中学2021届高三上学期第五次模拟英语试题 Word版含解析

西安市第一中学 2021 届第五次模拟考试 英语试题 (考试时间：120 分钟 试卷满分 150 分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对活后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读 下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the girl want from her dad? A. Money for a trip. B. Advice about a trip. C. Permission to go on a trip. 2. How much will the woman pay for each carrot? A. $1.50. B. $2.00. C. $3.00. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a cafe. B. In a steam room. C. At the woman’s apartment. 4. Why did Nancy do the extra housework? A. Her father asked her to. B. Her mother is leaving for work soon. C. Her mother needs to relax. 5. What is the topic of the conversation? A. A new car. B. The woman’s parents. C. A graduation party. 第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题 5 秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读 两遍。 听下面一段对话,回答第 6 和第 7 两个小题。 6. How did the man feel at first? A. Amused. B. Upset. C. Sorry. 7. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and cleaner. C. Teacher and student. 听下面一段对话,回答第 8 和第 9 两个小题。 8. Where do the speakers prefer to go? A. To Hawaii. B. To Europe. C. To the Bahamas. 9. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Check the travel fees. B. Call their friends. C. Book their flight. 听下面一段对话,回答第 10 至第 12 三个小题。 10. What is the conversation mainly about? A. College life. B. Exams. C. Stress. 11. What is the boy’s attitude towards the tests? A. He is excited to start them. B. He regards them as opportunities. C. He thinks of them as a lot of pressure. 12. When will the speakers end their preparations for the entrance exams? A. In a couple of days. B. In one month. C. In three weeks. 听下面一段对话,回答第 13 至第 16 四个小题。 13. How many people were on the man’s list at first? A. Two. B. Four. C. Seven. 14. Who has worked in tax accounting for years? A. Betty Davidson. B. Fred White. C. Brenda Cox. 15. Why did the man leave Brenda Cox off his list? A. She’s the boss. B. Her application looks poor. C. She has little experience in management. 16. What kind of person are the speakers probably looking for? A. A financial manager. B. A tax collector. C. A college professor. 听下面一段独白,回答第 17 至第 20 四个小题。 17. What is the weather like in Seattle right now? A. Windy and cloudy. B. Windy and rainy. C. Windy and snowy. 18. What will the temperature be like on Saturday in Seattle? A. A high of 15, a low of 11. B. A high of 14, a low of 6. C. A high of 16, a low of 11. 19. What may the northern neighbors be exposed outside buildings? A. Weak sunlight. B. Certain danger. C. Air pollution. 20. Where is the weather the nicest right now? A. In Seattle. B. In Vancouver. C. In San Francisco. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Vacations All employees are entitled to a minimum of two weeks paid vacation time annually. The actual days to be used as vacation are subject to approval by the individual employee’s supervisor. Insurance All employees are qualified for any of the health insurance plans offered by the college. Information on the various plans is available from Human Resources. This benefit is extended to members of the employee’s immediate family. Part-time employees may apply for this benefit but will pay a higher percentage of the premium. Use of College Facilities All employees, full and part time, may use any of the college facilities, including the library, gym, swimming pool, and tennis courts, free of charge. A faculty or staff ID card must be shown when requesting access to these facilities. Immediate family members also have the right to enjoy this benefit, but must obtain an ID card from Human Resources before using college facilities. Parking Free parking is available on campus for all college employees; however, a parking sticker must be obtained from Human Resources. The sticker must be displayed on the windshield at all times when parked on campus. The sticker is valid for parking in specially designated employee parking areas as well as in any parking space marked “Visitor.” Student parking areas are reserved for student parking only. Taking Classes Employees may take classes in any department at the college. Show your faculty or staff ID when registering for the class. Employees may enroll in up to three classes per year free of charge. Any additional classes beyond that must be paid for at the full tuition rate. In addition, any employee wishing to pursue a degree must apply for and be accepted into the program of his or her choice before being considered a degree candidate. In this case, student service fees will apply. 1. Who is qualified for health insurance benefits? A. Full-time employees only. B. All employees, but not their family members. C. All employees and their immediate family. D. Part-time employees and their immediate family. 2. Where can employees park their cars? A. In the employee parking areas only. B. In both employee and visitor parking areas. C. Anywhere on campus. D. In both employee and student parking areas. 3. What is required of employees who want to study for a degree? A. Permission of their supervisors. B. Student service fees and the full tuition rate. C. Payment of full tuition. D. Application for admission into a program. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一所学院雇员享有的福利待遇，包括假期、保险、停车、学院 设施的使用和学习课程等。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Insurance 部分关键句“All employees are qualified for any of the health insurance plans offered by the college.”（所有员工都有资格参加学院提供的任何健康保险计 划。）和“This benefit is extended to members of the employee’s immediate family.（这项福利适 用于雇员的直系亲属。）”可知，所有员工及其直系亲属有资格享受健康保险福利。故选 C 项。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Parking 部分关键句“The sticker is valid for parking in specially designated employee parking areas as well as in any parking space marked “Visitor.””（员工停车贴纸适用 于在特别指定的员工停车场停车以及任何标有“访客”的停车位停车）可知，员工可以把车 停在员工和访客停车区域。故选 B 项。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Taking Classes 部分关键句“In addition, any employee wishing to pursue a degree must apply for and be accepted into the program of his or her choice before being considered a degree candidate.”（此外，任何希望攻读学位的员工在被视为学位候选人之前， 必须先申请并被他或她选择的课程接受。）可知，对想攻读学位的员工来说，需要有相关课 程的入学申请。故选 D 项。 B One of the costs of being a lover of old trees is the all-too-frequent loss of a beautiful soul you've grown fond of.Last summer was harder than most for old trees and their human supporters.The spring's nonstop rains flooded soils and caused root systems of many large,old trees to rot in part.Then,when the summer came,trees could not tap deep sources of water that would normally have maintained(维持）them.Many valuable old trees died. When I volunteered on the Mount Rainier Tree Commission,I heard from many people concerned about their trees.We had little to offer them.That's because public and private urban tree resources and programs were aimed almost entirely at planting trees and not at all maintaining trees.No state or province program that I could find provided any financial resources for maintaining tree health. Small and under resourced cities such as ours were on their own. This is backward.Scientists are learning that large,old trees are the most valuable,especially in cities.They put on wood fastest and take the most carbon out of the air. They harbor the most wildlife.They can lower summer temperatures by 20 degrees or more.In a recent study,researchers found that Boston would get more benefit from keeping the trees it has alive than from planting new trees.There's reason to think this finding would apply in other cities,too. Now,our public and private tree programs often ignore old trees until it is too late.As long as we abandon our old trees,planting more is merely to keep pace with growing losses. We want trees to help protect us,but we leave them unprotected.Consider this in the human world:Nobody would send a baby into the world and expect it to just make it. Children need caring for and it's why we have schools and child health-insurance programs.We could get so much more out of our trees if we just put a little more into them. 4. What does the underlined part in paragraph1 suggest? A. Strong determination to plant trees. B. Real regret at growing old trees. C. Great concern about tree problems. D. Deep love for valuable old trees. 5. Why was the author almost powerless to help people worried about their trees? A. The urban tree programs were faced with financial problems. B. The author's knowledge of maintaining tree health was limited. C. The focus of the tree resources and programs was on tree planting. D. The organization the author volunteered on was short of tree experts. 6. The author argues in paragraph 3 by. A. comparing different cases B. presenting research findings C. referring to scientists' sayings D. carrying out some experiments 7. Why does the author give the example of nursing babies in the end? A. To stress the importance of tree insurance programs. B. To show the close connection between trees and babies. C. To advocate protecting trees as humans care for babies. D. To persuade human beings to pay more attention to babies. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。通过对一些古树死去，大树能够提供人们的资源的描述，来提 倡我们要保护树木，才能从树木身上获取更多的益处。 【4 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段 Last summer was harder than most for old trees and their human supporters. … Many valuable old trees died. 去年夏天对于古树和它们的人类支持者来说比以 往任何时候都艰难。春季不间断的雨水淹没了土壤，导致许多大型古树根系部分腐烂。然后， 当夏天到来时，树木就不能从深层的水源中获取水分，而这些水分通常可以维持它们的生长。 许多珍贵的古树死了。对于古树和人类支持者来说都很艰难，因为他们失去了他们喜爱的古 树。由此可以推断第一句主要描述的是古树爱好者对古树的爱，故选 D。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段 When I volunteered on the Mount Rainier Tree Commission, I heard from many people concerned about their trees. We had little to offer them. That's because public and private urban tree resources and programs were aimed almost entirely at planting trees and not at all maintaining trees.当我在雷尼尔山树木委员会做志愿者时，我听到许多人关心他们的树 木。我们几乎没有什么可以提供给他们。这是因为公共和私人城市树木资源和项目几乎完全 是为了种树，而不是维护树木。由此可知作者无力帮助担心树木的人们，是因为树木资源和 计划的重点是植树。故选 C。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段 In a recent study, researchers found that Boston would get more benefit from keeping the trees it has alive than from planting new trees. There's reason to think this finding would apply in other cities, too. 在最近的一项研究中，研究人员发现，波士顿从保 持现有树木存活中获得的好处要比种植新的树木多。我们有理由认为，这一发现也适用于其 他城市。由此判断出本段是通过提出调查结果来进行论证的。故选 B。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 Consider this in the human world: Nobody would send a baby into the world and expect it to just make it. Children need caring for and it's why we have schools and child health-insurance programs. We could get so much more out of our trees if we just put a little more into them. 想想人类世界的情况吧：没有人会把一个婴儿送到这个世界上，然后指望他 能活下来。孩子们需要照顾，这就是为什么我们有学校和儿童健康保险计划。我们可以从我 们的树木中得到更多，如果我们只是多关心他们一点。由此比喻可以推断作者是在呼吁人们 要关心和保护树木。故选 C。 【点睛】推理判断题的推断对象主要包括隐含意思、目标读者、观点态度、文章出处、写作 意图等。以推断隐含意义的题目居多。推断隐含意义，即要求根据文章的某个句子、段落或 全文所提供的事实进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到、没有明说或者可能发生的事实。题 干中常含 infer（推断），suggest（暗示），imply（暗示），indicate（暗示），conclude（推断， 得出结论）等词语。解此类题，首先找到相关信息，然后细读、理解相关信息的字面意义， 最后结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。 如 小 题 1 ， 根 据 第 一 段 Last summer was harder than most for old trees and their human supporters. … Many valuable old trees died. 去年夏天对于古树和它们的人类支持者来说比以 往任何时候都艰难。春季不间断的雨水淹没了土壤，导致许多大型古树根系部分腐烂。然后， 当夏天到来时，树木就不能从深层的水源中获取水分，而这些水分通常可以维持它们的生长。 许多珍贵的古树死了。对于古树和人类支持者来说都很艰难，因为他们失去了他们喜爱的古 树。由此可以推断第一句主要描述的是古树爱好者对古树的爱，故选 D。 C Time and how we experience it have always puzzled us. Physicists have created fascinating theories, but their time is measured by a pendulum (钟摆) and is not psychological time, which leaps with little regard to the clock or calendar. As someone who understood the distinction observed, ''When you sit with a nice girl for two hours it seems like a minute, but when you sit on a hot stove, a minute seems like two hours. '' Psychologists have long noticed that larger units of time, such as months and years, fly on swifter wings as we age. They also note that the more time is structured with schedules and appointments, the more rapidly it seems to pass. For example, a day at the office flies compared with a day at the beach. Expectation and familiarity also make time seem to flow more rapidly. Almost all of us have had the experience of driving somewhere we've never been before. Surrounded by unfamiliar scenery, with no real idea of when we’ll arrive, we experience the trip as lasing a long time. But the return trip, although exactly as long, seems to take far less time. The novelty of the outward journey has become routine. When days become as identical as beads (小珠子)on a string, they mix together, and even months become a single day. To counter this, try to find ways to interrupt the structure of your day-- to stop time, so to speak. Learning something new is one of the ways to slow the passage of time. One of the reasons the days of our youth seems to be full and long is that these are the days of learning and discovery. For many of us, learning ends when we leave school, but this doesn't have to be. 8. What is the underlined sentence in paragraph 1 used to show? A. Psychological time is quite puzzling. B. Time should not be measured by a pendulum. C. Physical time is different from psychological time D. Physical theory has nothing to do with the true sense of time 9. Why do units of time fly faster as we grow older? A. Our sense of time changes. B. We spend less time at the beach C. More time is structured and scheduled D. Time is structured with too many appointments. 10. What does ''Novelty'' in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. excitement B. unfamiliarity C. imagination D. amusement 11. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To give various explanations about time B. To describe how we experience time physically C. To show the differences of two kinds of time D. To explain why time flies and how to slow it down 【答案】8. C 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是同样的事情，同样的时间，但是心理层面的时间和物理 概念的时间是有差别的。文章解释了时间为什么过的很快，以及怎样让它变慢。 【8 题详解】 推理判断题。根据划线句子的上一句 Physicists have created fascinating theories, but their time is measured by a pendulum and is not psychological time, which leaps with little regard to the clock or calendar(物理学家创造了有趣的理论，但他们的时间是通过钟摆衡量的，而不是心 理时间，心理时间和钟表或日历没有关系。)可推测，划线句子是为了说明物理概念的时间 和心理的时间是有区别的。C. Physical time is different from psychological time(物理时间和心 理时间是有区别的)符合以上说法，故选 C 项。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的 They also note that the more time is structured with schedules and appointments, the more rapidly it seems to pass．(他们还指出，日程表和约会安排的越多，时 间似乎过得就越快。)可知，因为单位时间是被规划好的，所以越是细致规划的时间，看上 去就过的越快。C. More time is structured and scheduled(更过的时间被规划和安排)符合以上 说法，故选 C 项。 【10 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段的 Surrounded by unfamiliar scenery, with no real idea of when we’ll arrive, we experience the trip as lasting a long time. The novelty of the outward journey has become routine.(周围是不熟悉的环境，不知道我们何时到达，我们经历的旅行似乎持续了很 长时间。外面世界的 novelty 已经成了家常便饭。)根据句意可知，因为对周边环境的不熟悉 才觉得时间过得慢，而这种情况成为我们生活的一种常规了。由此猜测，划线部分的意思是 “不熟悉”。B. unfamiliarity(不熟悉)符合以上说法，故选 B 项。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其最后一段的Learning something new is one of the ways to slow the passage of time. One of the reasons the days of our youth seems so full and long is that these are the days of learning and discovery. For many of us, learning ends when we leave school, but this doesn’t have to be. (学习新的东西是减缓时间流逝的方法之一。我们的青春岁月之所 以充实而漫长，其中一个原因就是这些是学习和发现的日子。对于我们很多人来说，离开学 校就是学习的结束，但这不一定非得这样。)可知，作者写篇文章的是为了陈述为什么时间 过的很快，以及怎样让时间变慢。D. To explain why time flies and how to slow it down(为了解 释为什么时间流逝的快，以及如何让它变慢)符合以上推测，故选 D 项。 D Hardware in general, and smartphones in particular, have become a huge environmental and health problem in the Global South' s landfill sites(垃圾填埋场). Electronic waste(e-waste) currently takes up 5 percent of all global waste, and it is set to increase rapidly as more of us own more than one smartphone, laptop and power bank. They end up in places like Agbogbloshie on the outskirts of Ghana's capital, Accra.It is the biggest e-waste dump in the world, where 10,000 informal workers walk through tons of abandoned goods as part of an informal recycling process.They risk their health searching for the precious metals that are found in abandoned smartphones. But Agbogbloshie should not exist. The Basel Convention, a 1989 treaty aims to prevent developed nations from unauthorized dumping of e-waste in less developed countries. The E-waste industry, however, circumvents the regulations by exporting e-waste labelled as “secondhand goods” to poor countries like Ghana, knowing full well that it is heading for a landfill site. A recent report found Agbogbloshie contained some of the most dangerous chemicals.This is not surprising: smartphones contain chemicals like mercury(水银), lead and even arsenic (砷 ) Reportedly, one egg from a free-range chicken in Agbogbloshie contained a certain chemical which can cause cancer and damage the immune system at a level that's about 220 times greater than a limit set by the European Food Safety Authority(EFSA), Most worryingly, these poisonous chemicals are free to pollute the broader soil and water system. This should concern us all, since some of Ghana's top exports are cocoa and nuts. Some governments have started to take responsibility for their consumers' waste.For example, Germany has started a project that includes a sustainable recycling system at Agbogbloshie, along with a health clinic for workers.However, governments cannot solve the problem alone, as there is am almost limitless consumer demand for hardware, especially when governments’ green policies are focused on issues like climate change. Only the manufacturers can fix this.A more economically sustainable and politically possible solution is through encouraging hardware manufacturers to make the repair, reuse and recycling of hardware profitable, or at least cost-neutral. 12. What can we infer from paragraph2? A. Electronic products need improving urgently. B. Electronic waste is too complex to get fully recycled. C. Electronic waste requires more landfill sites across Ghana. D. Electronic pollution is a burning question in Agbogbloshie. 13. What does the underlined word"circumvents" in paragraph 3 mean? A. Tightens B. Abolishes C. Avoids D. Follows 14. What should be the biggest concern according to the text? A. The violation of EFSA’s standard B. The lack of diversity in Ghana s exports. C. The damage to chickens immune system D. The threat of polluted food around the world 15. What does the author think is the best solution to the e-waste problem? A. Manufacturers' developing a sustainable hardware economy. B. Governments' adjusting their green policies about e-waste. C. Reducing customers' demands for electronic products. D. Letting governments take on the main responsibility. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. A 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电子垃圾虽被掩埋在欠发达国家，但已成为危害全人类的公 敌，因此政府和制造商都应该努力减少电子垃圾污染。 【12 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“They end up in places like Agbogbloshie on the outskirts of Ghana's capital, Accra. It is the biggest e-waste dump in the world（他们最后到了加纳首都 Accra 郊区的 Agbogbloshie 这样的地方。它是世界上最大的电子垃圾场）”可推知，作为世界最大的电子 垃圾场，Agbogbloshie 地区的电子污染是一个热点问题。故选 D 项。 【13 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“The Basel Convention, a 1989 treaty aims to prevent developed nations from unauthorized dumping of e-waste in less developed countries.（巴塞尔公约是 1989 年的一项条 约，旨在防止发达国家未经授权向欠发达国家倾倒电子废物）”以及“The E-waste industry, however, circumvents the regulations by exporting e-waste labelled as “secondhand goods” to poor countries like Ghana（然而，电子垃圾行业却 circumvents 了监管规定，将贴着“二手货” 标签的电子垃圾出口到加纳等贫穷国家）”可知，在公约不允许发达国家未经授权向欠发达 国家倾倒电子废物的禁令下，将贴着“二手货”标签的电子垃圾出口到加纳等贫穷国家的这 种行为，实际上是为了绕过公约约束，规避监管。A. Tightens 使变紧；B. Abolishes 废除；C. Avoids 避免；D. Follows 跟随。故选 C 项。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Most worryingly, these poisonous chemicals are free to pollute the broader soil and water system. This should concern us all, since some of Ghana's top exports are cocoa and nuts.（最令人担忧的是，这些有毒化学物质不受控制地污染更广泛的土壤和水系 统。这应该引起我们所有人的关注，因为加纳最大的出口商品是可可和坚果。）”可知，因 为受污染的土壤和水系统，对外大量出口的加纳可可和坚果，会使全球范围内都受到被污染 食物的威胁。故选 D 项。 【15 题详解】 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 “Only the manufacturers can fix this. A more economically sustainable and politically possible solution is through encouraging hardware manufacturers to make the repair, reuse and recycling of hardware profitable, or at least cost-neutral.（只有制造商 才能解决这个问题。一个更具经济可持续性和政治上可行的解决方案是鼓励硬件制造商使硬 件的修理、再利用和再循环变得有利可图，或者至少不增加费用）”可知，作者认为解决电 子垃圾问题的关键在于硬件生产商，他们应该遵守可持续发展的原则，生产便于维修以及可 回收利用的电子产品。故选 A 项。 第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。 If you are thinking about asking for a raise in salary, there are several things to keep in mind. First, consider whether you deserve a higher salary. ___16___ Sit down and make a list of your job accomplishments. Be as specific as possible. For example, think about important projects you have worked on, things you have done to improve the organization of work in your department, or how your efforts have brought more money to the company. Also include any professional development opportunities you have taken advantage of recently and be ready to explain how they have improved your performance on the job. ___17___ Bear in mind that salary levels are based not only on performance but also on the market for your particular skills. Before you ask for a raise, you need to do some research. You should investigate the industry standards for salaries for people in similar positions with similar levels of experience. ___18___ Your initial request should actually be slightly higher than the amount you want in order to leave some room for negotiation. Then, if you have to go lower than this amount, you still end up with something close to what you want. ___19___ If you have recently been given new responsibilities, it makes sense to ask for a higher level of compensation. On the other hand, if the company is going through financial difficulties, a request for more money will probably not be met with a favorable response. It would be better to wait until the company is in a better financial position. Finally, never give personal reasons for wanting a higher salary. Your need to pay your child's college tuition or buy a bigger house is of no concern to your boss. ___20___ That is where you need to keep the conversation. A. This will help you determine what would be a reasonable amount of money to ask for. B. Skills play a key role in your salary level. C. A crucial point is the timing of your request. D. Everyone is eager for a raise in salary. E. You probably do, but you should be able to explain exactly why to your boss. F. Your salary level should be based on professional considerations alone. G. Then you will be better prepared when you meet with your boss. 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. A 19. C 20. F 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。作者用了有说服力的语言，介绍了员工向雇主提出增加薪金前应考虑的事 情。 【16 题详解】 根据前文“First, consider whether you deserve a higher salary.”首先，你要考虑你是否值得更 高的薪水，E 项说你可能值得，但是你要向你的老板解释为什么。本句起承上启下的作用， You probably do 中的 do，指前句 deserve a higher salary，用 do 避免重复。本句 explain...why 和后面部分的内容紧密相连。故选 E 项， 【17 题详解】 前文说“Also include any professional development opportunities you have taken advantage of recently and be ready to explain how they have improved your performance on the job” 还要包 括你最近利用的职业发展机会，并准备好解释它们是如何提高你在工作中的表现的。G 项说 当你见老板的时候，你就会准备地更好了。本句是段落的结尾句，说明了做到前述几项，就 会有本句所说情况的出现。 故选 G 项。 【18 题详解】 上文说“You should investigate the industry standards for salaries for people in similar positions with similar levels of experience.” 你应该调查一下行业对相似职位、相似经验水平的人的工 资标准。上文提到了工资标准。A 项说这将帮助你确定多少钱是合理的要求。本句承上，前 后意思关联紧密。选项的 amount of money 照应上文的 salaries，故选 A 项。 【19 题详解】 根据后文的“if the company is going through financial difficulties, a request for more money will probably not be met with a favorable response.” 如果公司正经历财政困难，要求更多的 钱可能不会得到一个有利的回应。本段后面内容从正反两方面，说明提出要求增加薪金时， 要选择恰当的时机。C 项说关键的一点是你请求的时间，提到了时间，照应下文。故选 C 项。 【20 题详解】 上文说“never give personal reasons for wanting a higher salary.” 不要给出要求加薪的个人 原因。F 项说我们的工资水平应该仅仅基于职业方面的考虑。本句从正面用来支持本段的主 题句，它也同后面一句有承接关系。故选 F 项。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节 (共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项。 I was excited when Mr. Dudley at the newspaper office said I could have Nina's paper route. Nina's family was ___21___ to Texas. When I told my parents the news, they were pleased but ___22___. Dad said, "Nina has had two years' ___23___ handling that paper route. Do you think you can ___24___ it?" I told him I was sure I could learn. My___25___ purpose was to make more money, but I also looked forward to the ___26___ of a larger route. I would work hard at it. My parents finally ___27___ that I could try. Mom added, "Try it ___28___ an experiment, Marlene." I___29___ the experiment by working with Nina for two weeks. The first morning, Nina didn't ____30____ to think I could handle the route. She acted as if it were a lot of trouble to show me ____31____ she rolled and packed the papers. That weekend when the carrying bag was ____32____of Sunday papers, Nina watched me riding ____33____ down the street on my bicycle. As I changed gears, I lost my ____34____ . I fell, spilling papers all over Travis Street. Nina and I both ____35____ laughing, and she told me that the ____36____ thing had happened to her. ____37____my little accident, Nina gave me all the help I needed. During the next few weeks, I learned to balance a ____38____ bicycle. I improved my throwing arm and got used to ____39____ dogs and changing weather. I also learned how to ____40____ vacations, new customers, and collections. The experiment was working out just fine. 21. A. coming B. moving C. cycling D. escaping 22. A. admirable B. ambiguous C. cautious D. casual 23. A. difficulty B. commitment C. experience D. operation 24. A. manage B. afford C. evaluate D. hold 25. A. common B. primary C. mere D. social 26. A. honor B. maximum C. enthusiasm D. challenge 27. A. doubted B. demanded C. realized D. said 28. A. as B. in C. for D. during 29. A. designed B. reported C. began D. involved 30. A. refuse B. like C. seem D. need 31. A. why B. when C. where D. how 32. A. packed B. crowded C. tight D. full 33. A. confidently B. suddenly C. unsteadily D. improperly 34. A. heart B. balance C. face D. speed 35. A. broke off B. broke up C. burst into D. burst out 36. A. remarkable B. same C. curious D. risky 37. A. After B. Around C. Without D. By 38. A. coasted B. hired C. loaded D. mended 39. A. walking B. feeding C. chewing D. barking 40. A. spend B. book C. take D. handle 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. D 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了因为尼娜一家要搬走，不能再给各家各户送报纸了。作 者决定挑战自己，在尼娜的帮助下，顺利地学会了送报。 【21 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尼娜一家要搬到德克萨斯州去。A. coming 来；B. moving 移动； C. cycling 循环；D. escaping 逃离。根据“I was excited when Mr. Dudley at the newspaper office said I could have Nina's paper route.”可知，作者可以拥有妮娜的送报路线，是因为妮娜一家 要搬走了。故选 B。 【22 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉我的父母这个消息时，他们很高兴，但很谨慎。A. admirable 令人钦佩的；B. ambiguous 模棱两可的；C. cautious 小心的；D. casual 随意的。根 据转折词 but 和“Nina has had two years' ___3___ handling that paper route. Do you think you can ___4___ it?”可知，父母对作者要送报这件事上很谨慎。故选 C。 【23 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：妮娜递送报纸有两年的经验了。A. difficulty 困难；B. commitment 承诺；C. experience 经验；D. operation 操作。根据“I___9___ the experiment by working with Nina for two weeks.”可知，妮娜递送报纸已经有两年的经验了。故选 C。 【24 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你觉得你能行吗?A. manage 做成；设法对付；B. afford 付得起； C. evaluate 评估；D. hold 握着。根据“I told him I was sure I could learn.”可知，父亲觉得作 者不能应付这件事情。故选 A。 【25 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最初的目的是赚更多的钱，但我也期待着更大路线的挑战。 我会努力的。A. common 共同的；B. primary 最初的；C. mere 仅仅的；D. social 社会的。根 据“but I also looked forward to the ___6___ of a larger route.”可知，作者的最初的目的是通 过递送报纸赚钱。故选 B。 【26 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最初的目的是赚更多的钱，但我也期待着更大路线的挑战。我 会努力的。A. honor 荣誉；B. maximum 最大量；C. enthusiasm 热情；D. challenge 挑战。作 者没有递送过报纸，所以送报的路线对作者来说是挑战。故选 D。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父母最后说我可以试试。 A. doubted 怀疑；B. demanded 要求； C. realized 意识到；D. said 说。根据“Mom added, "Try it ___8___ an experiment, Marlene."” 母亲补充说可知，作者父母说她可以试试。故选 D。 【28 题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：妈妈补充说:“当作实验试试吧，玛琳。”A. as 作为；B. in 在…… 里面；C. for 为了；D. during 在……期间。作者母亲让作者先作为实验试着做。故选 A。 【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：实验开始时，我和妮娜一起工作了两周。A. designed 设计；B. reported 报道；C. began 开始；D. involved 涉及。根据“by working with Nina for two weeks.” 可知，作者递送报纸的实验开始。故选 C。 【30 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一天早上，妮娜似乎觉得我无法搞定这条路线。A. refuse 拒绝； B. like 喜欢；C. seem 似乎；D. need 需要。根据“She acted as if it were a lot of trouble to show me ___11___ she rolled and packed the papers.”可知，妮娜似乎觉得作者无法顺利完成递送报 纸这条路线。故选 C。 【31 题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：她表现得好像要向我展示她如何卷起和包装这些文件很麻烦似的。 A. why 为什么；B. when 什么时候；C. where 哪里；D. how 怎么。这里为宾语从句，用 how 作方式状语。故选 D。 【32 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那个周末，当我的提包里装满了周日的报纸时，妮娜看着我摇 摇晃晃地骑着自行车在街上走。A. packed 包装的；B. crowded 拥挤的；C. tight 紧的；D. full 满的。be full of 装满。因为要送报纸，所以包里装满了报纸。故选 D。 【33 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：那个周末，当我的提包里装满了周日的报纸时，妮娜看着我摇摇 晃晃地骑着自行车在街上走。A. confidently 自信地；B. suddenly 突然地；C. unsteadily 不平 稳地；D. improperly 不合适地。根据“I fell, spilling papers all over Travis Street.” 可知，因 为车上的包里装满了报纸，所以骑着自行车摇摇晃晃不平稳。故选 C。 【34 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我换挡时失去了平衡。A. heart 心脏；B. balance 平衡；C. face 脸；D. speed 速度。根据“I fell, spilling papers all over Travis Street.” 可知，作者骑自行车 失去平衡跌倒了。故选 B。 【35 题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：妮娜和我都大笑起来，她告诉我她也发生了同样的事。A. broke off 折断；B. broke up 分手；C. burst into 撞入；D. burst out 突然开始。burst out laughing = burst into laughter 大笑起来。作者跌倒，两人都大笑起来。故选 D。 【36 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：妮娜和我都大笑起来，她告诉我她也发生了同样的事。A. remarkable 非凡的；B. same 相同的；C. curious 好奇的；D. risky 冒险的。妮娜也与作者发生 过相同的事情，自行车失去平衡跌倒。故选 B。 【37 题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：在我出了一些小事故之后，妮娜给了我所有我需要的帮助。A. After 之后；B. Around 到处；C. Without 没有；D. By 依靠。根据“Nina gave me all the help I needed.” 可知，作者跌倒之后，妮娜给了作者很大的帮助。故选 A。 【38 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个星期里，我学会了平衡一辆满载的自行车。A. coasted 沿岸航行的 ；B. hired 雇佣的；C. loaded 装载的；D. mended 修补的。根据上文“That weekend when the carrying bag was ___12___of Sunday papers,”可知，作者学会了平衡一辆满 载的自行车。故选 C。 【39 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我改进了我的投掷手臂，习惯了吠叫的狗和变化的天气。A. walking 行走；B. feeding 喂食；C. chewing 咀嚼；D. barking 咆哮。到各家各户递送报纸肯定遇到吠 叫的狗。故选 D。 【40 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还学会了如何处理假期、新客户和收款。A. spend 花费；B. book 订购；C. take 带来；D. handle 处理。根据上文“Nina has had two years' ___3___ handling that paper route.”提示可知，作者不但搞定了路线，也学会了如何处理假期、新客户和收款。故 选 D。 第二节(共 10 小题每小题 1.5 分,描分 15 分) 读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese has overtaken French, Spanish and German to become one of the most popular foreign languages for job seekers in the UK. Research shows graduates in Chinese earn___41___ average yearly salary of£31,000 or ___42___(much). “I had a lot of friends on other courses ___43___ didn't do much in first or second year. But for Chinese majors, you have to spend hours and hours ___44___ (write) characters, "says Hannah Jackson, who graduated in Chinese Studies from Sheffield University in 2012. Hannah describes her course as "majorly intense”, “Most of my friends admitted to crying in the first week oweing ___45___ the course intensity(强度). I was almost told at one point that I might want to reconsider and drop out.” “The degree is ___46___(absolute)worth it. The efforts ___47___ (pay ) off so far. I like that could live, work and operate with relative ease in China. Looking around at people who have studied French or Spanish at university, I find there’s no such chance ___48___(use) what they’ve learned in the workplace. "Hannah says. Hannah went to look for a job in Shanghai, where she found more employment ___49___ (opportunity). After working as a project manager for Intralink Group for four years, she set up her own company ___50___(earn) £ 5,000 a day. She has now returned to the UK and works in business development for the Body Shop. 【答案】41. an 42. more 43. who/that 44. writing 45. to 46. absolutely 47. have paid 48. to use 49. opportunities 50. earning 【解析】 【分析】本文是议论文，研究显示，学习中文的学生在毕业后薪酬更高，学习中文虽然困难， 但是回报更高。 【41 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：研究显示，中文专业毕业生的平均年薪不低于 3.1 万英镑。根据后文的名 词 salary，salary 用了单数形式，所以这里缺少冠词，表示泛指，average 是以元音音素开头 的单词，故填 an。 【42 题详解】 考查比较级。句意：研究显示，中文专业毕业生的平均年薪不低于 3.1 万英镑。or more 表 示“不低于，或者更多”，是固定短语，故填 more。 【43 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我有很多其他专业的朋友，他们第一年或第二年都没怎么学。本句是 定语从句，从句修饰先行词 friends，先行词是人，在从句中作主语，用关系代词 who/that 引导该从句，故填 who/that。 【44 题详解】 考查动名词。句意：但是对于中文专业的学生来说，你必须花很多时间写汉字。spend time （in）doing sth 表示“花费时间做某事”，此处动词需要用动名词形式，故填 writing。 【45 题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：我的大多数朋友都承认，由于课程强度太大，第一周他们都哭过。owe to 表示“归因于”，是固定短语，故填 to。 【46 题详解】 考查副词。句意：这个学位是绝对值得的。此处应用副词修饰形容词 worth，故填 absolutely。 【47 题详解】 考查时态。句意：到目前为止，这些努力都得到了回报。根据时间状语 so far，可知此处表 示从过去持续到现在的动作，需要用现在完成时，主语 The efforts 是复数，谓语动词用复数， 故填 have paid。 【48 题详解】 考查不定式。句意：我发现在工作中没有这样的机会来运用他们所学到的东西。此处用不定 式作定语，修饰名词 chance，故填 to use。 【49 题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：汉娜去上海找工作，在那里她找到了更多的就业机会。分析句子结构， 该空作定语从句的宾语，用名词，根据前文的 more，可知此处名词需要用复数形式，故填 opportunities。 【50 题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：她开办了自己的公司，每天挣 5000 英镑。本句主语是 she，谓语动 词是 set up，本句无连接词，所以 earn 是非谓语动词，earn 的逻辑主语是 company，两者之 间是主动关系，应用现在分词短语作后置定语，表示主动，故填 earning。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 On a freezing snowy day, I have to eat out. As soon as I got outside, I felt cold wind blown snow into my face. All of a sudden repeated short noises reached my ears in wind. Wondering where it came from, I followed the noises, taking care of each of my step in order not to slip. An old man with grey hair came into sight, but there were piles of snow on his two sides. He was clearing the road off snow in the biting cold. He was neither tall nor strong, but I felt nothing was taller as this old man. He could have stayed in his warm home comfortable, tasting tea while watching a TV programme. What he did has not only shortened the hours we spent on the road but also narrowed the distance between people. 【答案】1. have→had 2.blown→blowing 3. 在 wind 前加 the 4. it→they 5.step→steps 6. but→and 7. off→of 8. as→than 9. comfortable→comfortably 10.将 has 删除 【解析】 【分析】 本文为一篇记叙文，讲述的是在天寒地冻的雪天，作者出去吃饭；在路上遇到一位老人正在 清除道路上的积雪。 【详解】1.考查时态。句意：在天寒地冻的雪天，我不得不出去吃饭。根据上文 “On a freezing snowy day”可知，该句叙述的是过去的事情，故应用一般过去时。故将 have 改为 had。 2.考查非谓语动词。句意：我刚走到外面，就感到冷风把雪吹到我脸上。分析句子结构可知 本句子中有谓语动词 felt。句子中逻辑主语与 blow 之间为主动关系，因此需要使用现在分 词作后置定语。故将 blown 改为 blowing。 3.考查冠词。句意：突然一阵反复的短促的声音在风中传到我的耳朵里。in the wind，在 风中，固定短语。故在 wind 前加 the。 4.考查代词。句意：不知这些声音是从哪里来的，我跟着这些声音走，小心翼翼地迈着每一 步，以免滑倒。指代的是前文提到的复数名词 noises，作宾语从句的主语应用 they。故将 it 改为 they。 5.考查名词。句意同上。“each of”后接可数名词的复数形式，故将 step 改为 steps。 6.考查连词。句意：一个白发苍苍的老人出现了，他的身体两侧堆着雪。根据句意可知句子 前后为顺承关系，不是转折关系。故将 but 改为 and。 7.考查固定短语。句意：他冒着刺骨的严寒在清除道路上的积雪。这里指的是路上的积雪， 所以是所属关系。of 表示所属关系。故将 off 改为 of。 8.考查介词。句意：他既不高也不强壮，但我觉得没有什么比这个老人更高。根据句中的 taller 可知，此处用和比较级连用的介词 than。故将 as 改为 than。 9.考查副词。句意：他本可以舒舒服服地呆在温暖的家里，一边品茶一边看电视节目。此处 修饰动词 stay，要用副词 comfortably。故将 comfortable 改成 comfortably。 10.考查时态。句意：他所做的不仅缩短了我们花在路上的时间，也缩小了人与人之间的距 离。根据文章开头 On a freezing snowy day 可知，本文记述的是过去发生的事，要用一般过 去时。故将 has 删除。 笫二节 书面 表达（满分 25 分） 52. 假如你是李华，因为新冠疫情的影响，你的英国笔友 May 家开办的农场农产品滞销， 写信向你求助。请你给她回封信，鼓励她参照中国的经验，自己做网络主播，在家直播带货。 内容包括： 1.直播推销的设备； 2.直播推销的优势； 3.直播推销的建议。 参考词汇：（根据需要选择） 1. 新冠疫情：the COVID-19 epidemic 2. 网络主播：network anchor 3. 直播带货：promote goods sales through livestreaming 4. 抖音：Tik Tok 5. 网络平台：online platform 6. 拼单：share the bill 7. 秒光：sell out within seconds 8. 网红营销：social Influencer marketing Dear Mary, _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Mary, How are you getting along these days? Knowing that the produce on your farm is hard to sell during the COVID-19 epidemic, I really feel as worried as you. So, I’m writing to share some successful Chinese experience to help you. Chinese farmers came across the similar problem not long ago, but they came up with a creative solution: promoting goods sales through livestreaming. What you need are a computer or a cellphone with access to the Internet and a live stream platform or application for broadcasting. By taking advantage of social influencer marketing, the sellers can introduce the goods more efficiently and the buyers can watch the products visually in real time, thus, making the online trade more convenient. To ensure the quality of live streaming, make sure the equipment and the Internet are of good quality and the surroundings are quiet and free of disturbance. I do hope that it will be helpful to you. Best wishes! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友 May 写一封信，针对她家开办的农场农产 品滞销的情况，鼓励她参照中国的经验，自己做网络主播，在家直播带货。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时，少量一般将来时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1. 介绍直播推销的设备； 2. 介绍直播推销的优势； 3. 给予直播推销的建议。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） as+adj./adv.+as; come across; come up with; take advantage of…; make sure 第三步：连词成句 1. Knowing that the produce on your farm is hard to sell during the COVID-19 epidemic, I really feel as worried as you. 2. Chinese farmers came across the similar problem not long ago, but they came up with a creative solution: promoting goods sales through livestreaming. 3. What you need are a computer or a cellphone with access to the Internet and a live stream platform or application for broadcasting. 4. To ensure the quality of live streaming, make sure the equipment and the Internet are of good quality and the surroundings are quiet and free of disturbance. 5. I do hope that it will be helpful to you. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表并列补充关系：and 2.表转折对比关系：but 3.表因果关系：so, thus 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】[高分句型 1]. What you need are a computer or a cellphone with access to the Internet and a live stream platform or application for broadcasting. （由连接词 what 引导的主语从句） [高分句型 2]. I do hope that it will be helpful to you. （由 that 引导的宾语从句作 hope 的宾语）