2021届高考英语大一轮复习Unit12CultureShock课时作业12b北师大版必修4

2021届高考英语大一轮复习Unit12CultureShock课时作业12b北师大版必修4

课时作业12　Culture Shock Ⅰ.阅读理解 ‎(2019·上海中学模拟)‎ The effect of drinking coffee on health has long been a subject of conflict and uncertainty. Since the 1980s, some have spoken out against coffee as harmful to health, while others have welcomed coffee for its supposed benefits to health.‎ According to a scientific report, mild coffee consumption, three to five cups per day, can be taken as a healthy dietary pattern, along with other healthful behaviors. The report also says that coffee consumption helps reduce the risk of heart disease and it protects against Parkinson's disease.‎ According to Dr Donald Hensrud of Mayo Clinic, high consumption of coffee has health risks. Dr Hensrud mentions the dangers of high coffee consumption for people with a certain illness that slows the breakdown of caffeine in the body. Some studies said that drinking two or more cups of coffee daily can actually increase the risk of heart disease in these people.‎ According to conclusions from a recent study led by Dr Gregory Marcus, a doctor from the University‎ of ‎California San Francisco, daily moderate consumption of caffeine, less than 4 cups, is not associated with these issues.‎ Until the scientific community reaches a general agreement on the effects of coffee consumption on human health, it will be up to the individual to decide whether the benefits of drinking coffee are greater than the risks.‎ When informed of these possible health benefits and harms of drinking coffee, Harwood, a high school student stated, “Even though there might be some negative effects of drinking coffee, for the most part, coffee drinking sounds good for health. Not to mention I need coffee to stay awake.”‎ 本文讲述的是每天饮用适量的咖啡对身体有益，过度饮用咖啡会对身体健康造成危害，并引发一些疾病。‎ ‎1．What is the people's attitude towards the effect of coffee on health according to Paragraph 1?‎ A．Disapproving.　　　　　　 B．Tolerant.‎ C．Doubtful. D．Mixed.‎ 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句话可知，一些人抵制，认为咖啡有害健康，而另外一些人则支持，认为咖啡对健康有益，由此可判断出，人们的观点是好坏兼有的。‎ 6‎ ‎2．What does the underlined word “moderate” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?‎ A．Personal. B．Slight.‎ C．Reasonable. D．Heavy.‎ 答案：C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段“three to five cups per day, can be taken as a healthy dietary pattern, along with other healthful behaviors”可知，每天3～5杯咖啡，被认为是健康的，再结合本段中的“less than 4 cups, is not associated with these issues”可判断出，少于4杯属于适量摄入，故moderate的意思应该是“适量，合理的”。‎ ‎3．What can we infer about Harwood?‎ A．He'll keep on drinking coffee.‎ B．He loves his high school life.‎ C．He often falls asleep in class.‎ D．He has some health problems.‎ 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中Harwood所说的话可知，大多数情况下，喝咖啡对健康有好处。更不用说，他需要咖啡来保持清醒。由此可以推断出，Harwood还会继续喝咖啡。‎ ‎4．What would be the best title for the text?‎ A．People's Love for Coffee B．Coffee's Effect on Health C．The Culture of Coffee Drinking D．The New Findings of Heart Disease 答案：B 解析：标题判断题。本文主要讲述的是咖啡对人体健康的影响。适量饮用咖啡对身体有益，过度则影响身心健康。‎ Ⅱ.阅读填句 ‎(2019·北京市第四中学模拟)‎ The guy who tried to edit English The English vocabulary is not only huge, but it is also full of words that mean practically the same thing. Get, obtain, acquire. Shine, gleam, glow, sparkle. __1__‎ That was the thinking of a British writer named C．K. Ogden, who in the 1930s promoted a new form of English with a vocabulary of just 850 words. He called the project Basic English. __2__‎ Ogden‎ arrived at his 850word list through experimentation. The words he finally 6‎ ‎ included were not necessarily the shortest or most concrete. __3__ Because any verbal (动词的) idea could be expressed with a small number of “operators”—words like come, go, take, have, make, be and do—Ogden argued that most verbs were unnecessary. In Basic English, eat is “have a meal” and forget is “go from memory”．‎ Winston Churchill was a fan of the concept as a way to get foreigners to speak English, and he encouraged the BBC to use it. __4__ Roosevelt, who expressed mild interest, joked that Churchill's famous speech about offering his “blood, toil, tears and sweat” to his country wouldn't have been so exciting if he had been able to offer the British people only blood, work, eye water and face water, which I understand is the best that Basic English can do with five famous words.__5__ Churchill didn't use it, either. When seeking to express ourselves, we don't necessarily need fewer words; we need the right words. So it's our benefit to have a large supply of words on hand.‎ A．Do we really need them all?‎ B．How many words are there in English?‎ C．Ogden himself didn't actually use Basic English.‎ D．Plenty of seeming basic words did not make the list at all.‎ E．He also tried to persuade President Franklin Roosevelt to promote it.‎ F．He believed it would make the language more efficient and easier to learn.‎ G．Despite attention from world leaders, Basic English never got as far as expected.‎ 本文介绍了Ogden改变并发展英语词汇的过程，比如减少一些不常用的动词等。‎ ‎1．A　解析：前文“The English vocabulary is not only huge, but it is also full of words that mean practically the same thing.”(英语词汇不仅多而且许多单词的意思相同)与A(我们真的都需要它们吗？)语义衔接，故选A项。‎ ‎2．F　解析：前文“...who in the 1930s promoted a new form of English with a vocabulary of just 850 words. He called the project Basic English.”(20世纪30年代他创建了一种新的英语形式，只有850个单词，他称这个项目为“基本英语”)与F(他认为它能使英语语言学习更有效和更容易)语义衔接，故选F项。‎ ‎3．D　解析：前文“The words he finally included were not necessarily the shortest or most concrete.”(他最终收录的词汇不一定是最短的或者最具体的)与D(大部分看起来像是基本词汇的单词也没有列在其中)形成并列关系，符合语境，故选D项。‎ ‎4．E　解析：前文“...he encouraged the BBC to use it.”(他鼓励BBC去使用它)及后文出现的Roosevelt与E(他也尝试劝说罗斯福总统去推动它的发展)语义衔接，故选E项。‎ 6‎ ‎5．C　解析：后文“Churchill didn't use it, either.”(丘吉尔也不使用它)与C(Ogden本人实际上也不使用“基本英语”)形成并列关系，符合语境，故选C项。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2019·四川成都外国语学校检测)‎ Chengdu‎ has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top __1__ (attract)．‎ So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the notforprofit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I __2__ (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be __3__ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back __4__ my days on a TV show in the mid1980s, __5__ I was the first Western TV reporter __6__ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include __7__ (introduce) British visitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.‎ On my recent visit, I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by __8__ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few __9__ (day) with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed, __10__ other is with mum—she never suspects.‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。成都涌现出很多百万富翁，有亚洲最大的建筑以及豪华酒店，但对于作者这样的游客来说，熊猫才是那里的魅力所在。作者与熊猫结下了不解之缘，被邀请担任成都熊猫基地在英国宣传大熊猫的大使，以前做记者时，还拍摄过关爱熊猫的片子。‎ ‎1．attraction　解析：考查词性转换。形容词top修饰空格处的名词，故填attract的名词形式attraction。‎ ‎2．was_allowed　解析：考查时态和被动语态。I与allow是被动关系，故用被动语态；又因上一句主句用过去时，可确定此句也用过去时。故填was allowed。‎ ‎3．officially　解析：考查词性转换。空格处修饰过去分词given，故用副词修饰。official的副词形式是officially(官方地)。‎ ‎4．to　解析：考查介词。go back to“追溯到”，是固定搭配。句意：但是我和熊猫的渊源可以追溯到20世纪80年代中期我做一个电视节目的……‎ ‎5．when　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处所在的句子是定语从句。定语从句修饰前面的the mid1980s，且从句缺少时间状语，故用when引导该定语从句。‎ ‎6．permitted　解析：考查非谓语动词。reporter与permit是被动关系，故用过去分词表被动。过去分词短语permitted to...作后置定语，修饰reporter。‎ 6‎ ‎7．introducing　解析：考查非谓语动词。此处用动词ing形式作include的宾语。‎ ‎8．its　解析：考查代词。mother是名词，故此处填it的形容词性物主代词its。‎ ‎9．days　解析：考查名词复数。“every few＋复数名词”意思是“每隔……”。every few days“每隔几天”。‎ ‎10．the　解析：考查冠词。one...the other...“一个……另一个……”。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎(2019·吉林长春十一中检测)‎ The present vice chairman of the student union would graduate soon, so we need someone else take over his job. Any student who'd like to serving the students can apply for the position. The speech competition is to be held to elect the new vice chairman next Friday. You are expected to hand in a briefly selfintroduction at least three days ahead of the competition. It will be good if you have some relevant experiences. We are looking forward at your joining us. If you are confusing about anything, contact with Liu Tao who is in Class 4, Grade 2.‎ 答案与解析 The present vice chairman of the student union graduate soon, so we need someone else take over his job. Any student who'd like to the students can apply for the position. speech competition is to be held to elect the new vice chairman next Friday. You are expected to hand in a selfintroduction at least three days ahead of the competition. It will be if you have some relevant . We are looking forward your joining us. If you are about anything, contact Liu Tao who is in Class 4, Grade 2.‎ ‎1．would→will　考查时态。这里讲述的是从现在看将来要发生的事情，因此用一般将来时，而不是过去将来时。‎ ‎2．take前加to　考查非谓语动词。need在这里是实义动词，someone else作宾语，后面跟不定式。‎ ‎3．serving→serve　考查非谓语动词。would like to后面跟的是动词原形。‎ ‎4．The→A　考查冠词。这里表达“一次演讲比赛”，而不是特指某次。‎ ‎5．briefly→brief　考查形容词与副词。这里是形容词作定语，修饰selfintroduction。‎ ‎6．good→better　考查形容词比较级。这里表达“更好”的概念，因此用比较级。‎ 6‎ ‎7．experiences→experience　考查名词的单复数形式。experience作为“经历”讲是可数名词，作为“经验”讲是不可数名词。‎ ‎8．at→to　考查动词短语。look forward to为固定搭配，意思是“渴望；盼望”。‎ ‎9．confusing→confused　考查非谓语动词。be confused about为固定搭配，意思是“对……感到困惑”。‎ ‎10．去掉with　考查动词搭配。contact为及物动词，意思是“联系”。‎ Ⅴ.书面表达 ‎(2019·河北秦皇岛调研)‎ 假如你叫李华。你校近期将举行“小视频大赛(Video Contest)”。请你写一封信给在美国的朋友Jim，邀请他参加，并告知相关信息，内容包括：‎ ‎1．作品反映校园生活、家庭生活或家乡的变化等；‎ ‎2．视频不超过8分钟；‎ ‎3．参赛方式和截止时间。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．书信的开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Jim，‎ I am writing with good news.A_video_contest_is_going_to_be_‎ organized_in_my_school_soon,_and_knowing_that_you_are_such_an_expert_in_filming_videos,_I_am_wondering_whether_you_would_like_to_participate.‎ Topics_like_school_life,_family_life_or_the_great_changes_that_have_taken_place_in_your_hometown_ought_to_be_covered_in_the_video,_which_should_not_be_longer_than_8_minutes._The_deadline_is_December_10th,_2019,_and_once_you_have_created_your_video,_you_can_just_upload_it_to_the_school_website.‎ It_is_a_good_chance_to_prove_your_talent_for_filming_as_well_as_an_opportunity_to_share_your_work_with_more_people._I_believe_you_won't_regret_doing_it._Wish_you_good_luck!‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 6‎