2021版新高考英语一轮复习Module6U同步练习外研版必修4

2021版新高考英语一轮复习Module6U同步练习外研版必修4

Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World 一、语基必备知识 ‎(一)重点词汇——分类记忆 Ⅰ.阅读词汇——在不认识的词汇前划√‎ monster n．　　　　　　 footprint n.‎ creature n. grey adj.‎ journal n. sighting n.‎ mysterious adj. surface n.‎ dive vi. sceptical adj.‎ extinct adj. evolve vi.‎ fierce adj. generous adj.‎ unpredictable adj. border n.‎ myth n. positive adj.‎ Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形 ‎1．attack vt.　　　　　 袭击；攻击 ‎2．sharp adj. 锋利的；尖的 ‎3．claim vt. 声称 ‎4．calm adj. 平静的 ‎5．cover vt. 占地(多大面积)‎ ‎6．reputation n. 名誉；名声 ‎7．indicate vt. 象征；暗示 ‎8．identity n. 身份；特性 Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变 ‎1．fright n．害怕→frighten vt.使害怕→frightening adj.吓人的→frightened adj.害怕的；受惊的 ‎2．exist vi.存在→existence n．存在 ‎3．unlikely adj.不可能的→likely adj.可能的 ‎4．adapt vi.适应；适合→adaptation n．适应；改编，改写 ‎5．disappear vi.不见；消失→appear vi.出现(反义词)‎ ‎6．destroy v．破坏→destruction n．毁坏→destructive adj.破坏性的 ‎7．fortune n．运气；命运；财富→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地 18‎ ‎1.由calm所想到的 ‎①cool adj.　　 　　 冷静的 ‎②quiet adj.　　 安静的 ‎③still adj. 不动的 ‎④silent adj. 沉默的 ‎2.“五颜六色”大世界 ‎①grey　　　　　 灰色的 ‎②pink 粉色的 ‎③brown 褐色的 ‎④purple 紫色的 ‎⑤yellow 黄色的 ‎3.fortune“一家人”‎ ‎①misfortune n．　　　　 厄运 ‎②fortunate adj. 幸运的 ‎③unfortunate adj. 不幸的 ‎④fortunately adv. 幸运地 ‎⑤unfortunately adv. 不幸地 ‎ (二)重点短语——记牢用活 ‎1．die__out　　　　　　　　　　　 灭绝 ‎2．cut__off 阻挡；切断 ‎3．throw__light__on/upon 帮助弄清楚；阐明某事 ‎4．come__straight__to__the__point 谈正题；开门见山 ‎5．due__to 由于；因……造成 ‎6．get__close__to 接近；靠近 ‎7．stick__out 突出；伸出 ‎8．adapt__to 适应 ‎1．light相关短语荟萃 ‎①throw light on/upon　　 帮助弄清楚；阐明某事；照亮 ‎②bring...to light 揭露；披露 ‎③come to light 为人所知 18‎ ‎④see the light 恍然大悟 ‎2．“喜欢”短语集锦 ‎①go for　 　 选择；喜欢　　②be fond of　爱好；喜爱 ‎③be keen on 热衷于；喜爱 ④care for 关心；喜欢 ‎⑤go in for 爱好；喜欢 ‎ (三)重点句式——背熟巧用 句型公式 教材原句 句型1：动词不定式的完成式：to have done ‎ He claims to__have__seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.‎ 他声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。‎ 句型2：be unlikely to do sth.做某事是不可能的 They say that the lowtemperature lake is__unlikely__to__be__able__to__support such large living creatures. ‎ 他们说，水温这样低的湖泊不可能生存有体型如此巨大的动物。‎ 句型3：be＋of＋名词 Other members of the royal family were allowed to wear dragon symbols, too, but with fewer claws and of__a__different__colour. ‎ 也允许皇室的其他成员穿带有龙标志的袍子，但袍子上龙的爪子少了并且颜色也不同。‎ 二、语境强化训练 Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式 A．根据汉语提示写出下列单词 ‎1．Jamie keeps having a positive(积极的) attitude and running after his goals.‎ ‎2．The older a person is, the slower it will be for him to adapt(适应) to changes.‎ ‎3．He is a wellrespected teacher and has won a good reputation(名声) for all he has done for the kids.‎ ‎4．Ms. Alice is considered a generous(慷慨的) lady by us, for she often helps the poor people.‎ ‎5．In China, children are given lucky money in a red envelope to bring good ‎ 18‎ fortune(运气) in the New Year.‎ B．根据所给单词写出适当形式 ‎6．A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction(destroy) of the rainforests.‎ ‎7．The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket covering(cover) the desert.‎ ‎8．She didn’t really see her attacker(attack)．‎ ‎9．This knife is hard to cut something in two, and it needs sharpening(sharpen)．‎ ‎10．Mrs.Green didn’t realise there was a gap existing(exist) between her and her son.‎ Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义 ‎1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student.攻击；抨击 ‎2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？声誉 ‎3．a.(2019·江苏卷) Thus humans who lived a million years ago, despite their big brains and sharp stone tools, lived in constant fear of meateating animals.锋利的 b．(福建卷)Nowadays, there is a sharp increase in children’s creativity, for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents.(角度、变化等)急剧的；明显的 Ⅲ.选词成篇 stick out; be sceptical about; be related to; throw light on/upon; die out There exists a problem why so many species have 1.died__out. As for it, some scientists think it 2.is__related__to extreme climate change, while others 3.are__sceptical__about it. However, neither side can help 4.throw__light__on/upon the real reason. Hopefully, with the development of science and technology, the real reason will come to light.‎ close to; come straight to the point; cut off; go for; due to I like reading and 5.go__for travelling, because by travelling I can relax myself and get 6.close__to nature. Once I visited a mountainous village, which is almost 7.cut__off from the outside world. 8.Due__to the fact that the scenery there was amazingly beautiful, I stayed for almost a month.‎ Ⅳ.完成语段 He 1.is__said__to__have__made__great__progress(据说取得了很大进步) in the ‎ 18‎ past weeks. As far as he is concerned, one who doesn’t work hard 2.is__unlikely__to__succeed(不可能成功). Therefore, 3.his__friends__of__different__kinds(他不同类型的朋友) are willing to learn from him.‎ ‎,‎ ‎ exist　vi.存在，生存，生活，继续存在 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①You can’t imagine what difficulty they have existing on the little money he’s earning.‎ ‎②(2019·北京卷)A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing(exist) relationships.‎ ‎③(2019·江苏卷) So scientists are trying their best to save the species from going out of existence(exist). ‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎④有一个解决现存的交通堵塞问题的好办法。‎ There__exists a good solution to the existing traffic congestion problem.‎ ‎⑤关于一开始宇宙是如何产生的，科学家们有多种论说。Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came__into__existence/came__into__being．‎ ‎ ‎(1)exist in　　　　　　 在于……‎ exist on＝live on 靠……生存 There exist(s) ... 有……‎ ‎(2)existence n. 存在；实有；生活；生活方式 come into existence 出现；产生 ‎(3)existing adj. 现存的；现行的　 ‎ ‎[名师点津]‎ ‎(1)exist只用作不及物动词，因此没有被动语态，且通常不用于进行时。‎ ‎(2)There exist(s)．..表示“存在……，有……”， there不能换成it。‎ ‎ claim　v．声称；主张；认领；索赔；(疾病，意外)夺去(生命)　n．声明；声称 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①So far nobody has__claimed(claim) the money discovered in the library.‎ ‎②a.There are a number of products and technologies that claim ‎ 18‎ to__provide(provide) these benefits. ‎ b．Fishermen and sailors claimed to__have__seen(see) monsters in the sea. ‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎③据说幽默不仅影响病人的情绪，而且还有助于病人快速康复。‎ It__is__claimed__that humor not only affects patients’ moods, but also helps them recover faster.‎ ‎ ‎(1)claim to do.../that...　 声称/主张做……‎ claim to have done sth. 声称做过某事 It is claimed that... 据说……‎ ‎(2)make a claim for... 要求；对……提出赔偿要求　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] Earthquakes have claimed more than 1.6 million lives in the last hundred years.‎ 在过去的100年中，地震夺去了超过160万人的生命。‎ ‎ adapt　v．(使)适应；改编 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①a.The movie that had been adapted for children was adapted from a novel. ‎ b．(江西卷)To all of you, fresh students, how to adapt yourselves to the new environment is the first thing that you have to face.‎ ‎②a.I hold the firm belief that she will deal with the changes very well, because she is very adaptable(adapt)．‎ b．Mike, Mary and I had a discussion about the adaptation(adapt) of the classic literature yesterday.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级 ‎③(普通表达)The culture made__it__difficult__for__him__to__adapt__to(使得他很难适应) the new environment abroad. ‎ ‎④(高级表达)It__was__the__culture__that__made__it__difficult__for__him__to__adapt__to__the__new__environment__abroad.(强调句)‎ ‎ ‎(1)adapt to　　　　　 适应 adapt oneself to(＝adjust oneself to)‎ ‎ 使自己适应……‎ ‎(2)adapt...from... 根据……改编……‎ 18‎ adapt...for... 改编……为……用 ‎(3)adaptable adj. 有适应能力的；可修改的 adaptation n. 适应；改编；改写本　 ‎ ‎[名师点津]‎ 比较adapt和adopt apt适当的→adapt[根义](使)适合→[多义]①使适应②改编，改写 opt选择→adopt[根义]选取→[多义]①采用②收养，领养 ‎ fortune　n．运气；命运；财富 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①I had the good fortune to__be__chosen(choose) for a trip abroad.‎ ‎②a.(北京卷)We are fortunate(fortune)that in such a large, highpressure office we all get along so well. ‎ b．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Fortunately(fortune), after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to leave and later the family met up for dinner.‎ ‎[能力提升]——根据提示完成小片段 In the 1980s, Tom went to the south ③to__try__his__fortune(碰运气)．But he ④made__no__fortune(没有发财)．⑤It__was__fortunate(幸运的是) that he met with a boss who fed pigs. With his help, Tom ⑥made__his__fortune(发财) later by feeding pigs.‎ ‎ ‎(1)make a fortune　　　　　 发财 seek one’s fortune 寻找出路 try one’s fortune 碰运气 ‎(2)fortunate adj. 幸运的，运气好的 be fortunate in doing/to do sth.‎ ‎ 有幸做某事 ‎(3)fortunately adv. 幸运地　 ‎ ‎[名师点津]‎ fortune作“机会，运气”讲时，为不可数名词；作“财产”讲时，为可数名词。‎ ‎ due to　因为；应支付；归功于 ‎ [基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(2018·江苏卷)Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment.‎ ‎②Any money that is due to you will be paid before the end of the month.‎ 18‎ ‎③a.The English version of the novel is due to be__published(publish) next year.‎ b．The bus should have arrived at 5 p．m., but it arrived one hour late due to being__held(hold) up by the heavy fog.‎ ‎[能力提升]——词汇升级 ‎④(普通表达)Because of my English teacher’s help, my English scores are always on the top of my class. (陕西卷)‎ ‎(高级表达)Due__to/Thanks__to my English teacher’s help, my English scores are always on the top of my class.‎ be due to sb.　　　　 应付给某人；归因于某人 be due to do sth. 预定/预期做某事　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] The meeting was due to start at 4, however, it had to be put off to 5 due to bad weather.　会议预计4点开始，然而，由于恶劣的天气不得不推迟到5点。‎ ‎[名师点津] (1)当due to意为“由于；因……造成；应给予”时，其中的to是介词，并且在句中常常作表语或状语；当due to意为“即将/预期做……”时后接不定式。‎ ‎(2) 表示原因的介词短语有：due to, because of, on account of, owing to, thanks to, as a result of等。‎ 动词不定式的完成式 ‎(教材原句)He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.‎ 他声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(福建卷)To learn more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to__take(take) Chinese folk music as an elective course.‎ ‎②(陕西卷)Marco Polo is said to__have__sailed(sail) on the Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in the thirteenth century.‎ ‎③The boy pretended to__be__concentrating(concentrate) on his lesson, but in fact his mind was wandering.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎④(全国卷Ⅲ)我非常抱歉，给你带来这么多不便。‎ I’m terribly sorry to__have__caused__so__much__inconvenience__to__you．‎ ‎ ‎(1)不定式的一般式为to do，‎ 18‎ 表示动作与主句谓语动词表示的动作同一时间发生或动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之后。‎ ‎(2)不定式的进行式为to be doing，表示动作与主句谓语动词表示的动作同一时间发生，并且动作正在进行。‎ ‎(3)不定式的完成式为to have done，表示动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前。　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] She is proud to have taken part in competitions and to have broken a record.‎ 她对自己参加比赛并打破了纪录感到自豪。‎ 维度一　在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式 ‎1．He said they did not want war with anyone, but if attacked(attack) they would fight to the death.‎ ‎2．The bell indicating(indicate) the end of the class rang, which interrupted our heated discussion.‎ ‎3．The university, covering(cover) an area of 100 square kilometers, is surrounded with trees and flowers. ‎ ‎4．The police seem to__have__found(find) the new evidence of his crime, which made him very worried.‎ ‎5．If a nuclear war ever breaks out, many people will be unlikely to__survive(survive)．‎ 维度二　在空白处填入1个适当的单词 ‎1．(福建卷)The water shortage is severe mainly due to global warming, environmental pollution and the everincreasing population.‎ ‎2．Since Mr.Smith took over the firm last month, he has adapted to the busy schedule.‎ ‎3．There’s no point in beating around the bush. Let’s come straight to the point.‎ ‎4．The telephone operator cut us off before we had finished our conversation.‎ ‎5．Although Jack has made good preparations for the match, he is still sceptical about his chance of winning.‎ 维度三　派生词练习 ‎1．To his fright,__the frightening scene frightened the other frightened children into crying. (frighten)‎ 18‎ ‎2．Fortunately,__he came to the new island safely. It was also fortunate for him to make his fortune here. (fortune)‎ ‎3．People destroy forests and rivers for their own benefit. Their destructive activities are likely to cause the destruction of the earth. (destroy)‎ ‎4．There exists an old hospital at the corner, but no one knows when it came into existence．(exist)‎ ‎5．It’s easy to identify the victim but its identity is kept secret.(identity)‎ 维度四　完成句子/句型转换 ‎1．当你去外国时，你必须使自己适应新的习俗。(adapt)‎ When you go to a foreign country, you must adapt__yourself__to__new__customs．‎ ‎2．目前有一个解决现存问题的好办法。(exist)‎ There__exists__a__good__way__to__solve__the__existing__problem at present.‎ ‎3．这项工程由于缺乏资金而不得不放弃。(due to)‎ The project had to be abandoned due__to__a__lack__of__money．‎ ‎4．It’s said that the book has been translated into several foreign languages.‎ ‎→The book is said to__have__been__translated into several foreign languages.‎ 提能一　语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本模块核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)‎ The 1.existence(exist) of rare animals is believed to have made our world lively and 2.colorful(color). However, some research 3.indicates(indicate) that some animals are dying 4.out. In my opinion, they go extinct mainly not only because they 5.are__attacked(attack), 6.but also because they can’t adapt 7.to the changing environment which is due to human activities. As we all know, many hunters exist on 8.hunting(hunt) animals and even destroy their habitats9.to__make(make) a fortune. Now, to our relief, the government claims 10.to__have__taken(take) effective measures to protect the animals.‎ 提能二　话题写作(用本模块词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)‎ 百慕大三角神秘莫测，关于它的传说数不胜数。请你按以下写作要点介绍一个神秘事件：①1981年一艘载有6名水手的船在百慕大三角神秘消失；②8年后这艘船在同一地方再次出现；③无人能解释原因。‎ 18‎ ‎1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本模块所学词汇)‎ ‎①百慕大三角是世界上最变化莫测的地方之一，有许多关于百慕大三角的神秘事件。‎ There__have__existed__many__mysteries in Bermuda Triangle, one of the__most__unpredictable__places in the world.‎ ‎②1981年，一艘载有6名水手的船在经过百慕大三角时突然消失了，这使得人们很害怕。‎ In 1981, a boat with six sailors disappeared__suddenly when passing the Bermuda Triangle, and it made__people__frightened．‎ ‎③每个人都怀疑他们是否有幸活着。‎ Everyone was__sceptical__whether__they__were__fortunate__to__be__alive．‎ ‎④八年后这艘船在同一个地方再次出现，船上的6名水手仍然活着。‎ The boat appeared__a__second__time eight years later in the same spot, with all the six sailors alive on board.‎ ‎⑤他们声称他们不可能曾经失踪，因为对于他们而言，八年只是一会儿。‎ They claimed__that__they__were__unlikely__to__have__been__lost,__because to them, eight years was just a moment. ‎ ‎⑥直到现在没有任何证据能帮助弄清楚这个谜。‎ No evidence has__thrown__light__on__the__mystery so far. ‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎⑦用非限制性定语从句升级句②‎ In__1981,__a__boat__with__six__sailors__disappeared__suddenly__when__passing__the__Bermuda__Triangle,__which__made__people__frightened.‎ ‎⑧用主语从句升级句⑤‎ It__is__claimed__that__they__were__unlikely__to__have__been__lost,__because__to__them,__eight__years__was__just__a__moment.‎ ‎3．衔接成美文(注意用适当的过渡衔接词汇：surprisingly)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ There have existed many mysteries in Bermuda Triangle, one of the most unpredictable places in the world.‎ In 1981, a boat with six sailors disappeared suddenly when passing the Bermuda Triangle, which made people frightened. Everyone was sceptical whether they were ‎ 18‎ fortunate to be alive. Surprisingly, the boat appeared a second time eight years later in the same spot, with all the six sailors alive on board. It is claimed that they were unlikely to have been lost, because to them, eight years was just a moment. ‎ No evidence has thrown light on the mystery so far.‎ ‎ (建议用时：40分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·武汉调研)‎ The boy sat on his chair, with his hands above the keyboard. He thought about what to write.‎ He recalled that the competition deadline was merely a week away. But he still had not even started on his piece. He looked at the brochure again. “WRITING COMPETITION！” the title read. His mom had encouraged him to enter the writing competition, and now he was taking it on as his personal task for the holidays.‎ As the boy reflected on his previous writing efforts, he realized how hopeless his task of winning was. Every story he ever wrote was based on other stories. He had little imagination, and unfortunately, imagination was the key to writing.‎ Suddenly, he had a brainwave. This time, he came up with an original and imaginative story.‎ The words shot towards him like a storm of leaves. Words were coming easily, flowing through him, faster than he could type. He typed faster than he ever had before. He continued to type, amazed how easy writing this story was. The boy could not stop writing. He looked at the word count and saw the number “248” staring right back at him. He was not even halfway yet.‎ Then he heard his mother’s call of saying time for bed. He continued writing the piece, ignoring her. He had to make up for the time he had lost in thinking about a topic to write.‎ Finally, he finished. The word count now read “498”．‎ 18‎ ‎“Perfect，” he thought, “just under the word limit.” He knew this was the story that would win.‎ He went to the website and searched for the competition. He found the page but there was no “Enter” button.‎ Confused, he then reread the page again. It read COMPETITION CLOSED.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。小男孩坐在电脑前，冥思苦想地进行写作。他参加的是一个网络写作比赛，可是怎么也想不出写作主题。好一会儿后，他茅塞顿开，快速敲击键盘，可是等到他写好文章准备提交时，页面上却显示“COMPETITION CLOSED”。‎ ‎1．What caused the boy to take part in the writing competition?‎ A．A new computer.　　　B．The prize money.‎ C．His own interest. D．His mom’s encouragement.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段尾句“His mom had encouraged him to enter the writing competition, and now he was taking it on as his personal task for the holidays.”可知，他的妈妈鼓励他参加写作比赛，现在他把写作作为假期的个人任务；据此可知，他参加写作比赛是他妈妈鼓励的，故D项正确。‎ ‎2．How did the boy finish his earlier writing?‎ A．His mom helped him.‎ B．He copied others’ ideas.‎ C．His friends assisted him.‎ D．He used his imagination.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Every story he ever wrote was based on other stories.”可知，他之前写的每一个故事都是以其他故事为基础；据此可知，以前写作时，他总是仿照别人的故事写，故B项正确。‎ ‎3．Why did the boy delay his writing?‎ A．Because he was terribly lazy.‎ B．Because he didn’t know what to write.‎ C．Because he wasn’t confident.‎ D．Because he read too many stories.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“He thought about what to write.”及第三段的内容“As the boy reflected on his previous writing efforts, he realized how hopeless his task of winning was...He had little imagination, and unfortunately, imagination was the key to writing.”及倒数第五段尾句“He had to...write.”可知，想象力是写作的关键，而他又缺乏想象力；另外，由于他不知道写什么，‎ 18‎ 所以他延误了写作时间，故B项正确。‎ ‎4．Which might be the maximum word limit for each entry?‎ A．100. B．250.‎ C．500. D．1，000.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第七段“Finally, he finished. The word count now read ‘498’．”可知，他写了498个词，终于完成了；结合第八段第一句“‘Perfect，’ he thought，‘just under the word limit.’”可知，他认为太完美了，刚好低于限定的词数；据此可以判断，文章的最高限定词数可能为500，故C项正确。‎ B ‎(2020·南昌重点中学段考)‎ Learning New Vocabulary During Deep Sleep Sleeping time is sometimes considered unproductive time.This raises the question whether the time spent during sleeping could be used more productively, e．g. for learning a new language. Sleep research to date focused on the stabilization and strengthening of memories that had been formed during previous wakefulness. However, learning during sleep has rarely been examined. There is considerable evidence for wakelearned information undergoing revision by a replay in the sleeping brain. The replay during sleep strengthens the still weak memory traces and embeds(嵌入) the newly acquired information in the preexisting store of knowledge.‎ If the replay during sleep improves the storage of wakelearned information, then firstplay, i. e. the initial processing of new information, should also be possible during sleep.‎ The research group of Katharina Henke examined whether a sleeping person is able to form new semantic associations between played foreign words and translation words during the brain cells’ active states, the socalled “Upstates”. It turned out to be that what they thought was reasonable. When we reach deep sleep stages, our brain cells progressively coordinate their activity. During deep sleep, the brain cells are commonly active for a brief period of time before they jointly enter into a state of brief inactivity. The active state is called “Upstate” and the inactive state “Downstate”. The two states alternate(交替) about every halfsecond.‎ New evidence for sleeplearning challenges current theories of sleep and theories of memory. The concept of sleep as an encapsulated(被概括的) mental state, in which we are separated from the physical environment is no longer 18‎ ‎ reasonable. “We could disprove that complex learning be impossible during deep sleep，” says Simon Ruch, cofirstauthor. “In how far and with what consequences deep sleep can be applied to the acquisition of new information will be a topic of research in upcoming years，” says Katharina Henke.‎ The research group of Katharina Henke is part of the Interfaculty Research Cooperation(IRC). Thirteen research groups in medicine, biology, psychology and information science are part of the IRC. The aim of these research groups is to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in sleep, consciousness and cognition.‎ ‎【解题导语】　文章通过一项研究论证了在深度睡眠中学习新词汇的可能性。‎ ‎5．What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?‎ A．“Upstate” and“Downstate” appear in turn during deep sleep.‎ B．“Upstates” is another name for the brain cells’ active states.‎ C．Semantic associations are important for language learning.‎ D．The brain cells’ active states are central for sleeplearning.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段前两句“The research group of Katharina Henke examined...the socalled ‘Upstates’. It turned out to be that what they thought was reasonable”可知，研究小组研究了睡觉的人能否在脑细胞活跃状态下，在被播放的外来词和翻译词之间形成新的语义联系。结果证明他们的想法是合理的。据此可推知，当大脑处于“Upstates”时，可以进行语言学习。在这个过程中，大脑细胞的活跃状态起着主要作用。故选D项。‎ ‎6．What will researchers do within several years according to the passage?‎ A．Make study in the following fields such as medicine and biology.‎ B．Separate us from the physical environment.‎ C．Apply deep sleep to information learning.‎ D．Discover the concept of sleep.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词researchers和within several years定位到文章的第四段。根据该段中的“In how far and with what consequences...will be a topic of research in upcoming years”可知，在未来几年，在新信息的获得方面深度睡眠能运用到何种程度以及会有何种结果将是研究的主题。故选C项。‎ ‎7．What is the main purpose of the passage?‎ A．To introduce a new way of vocabulary learning.‎ B．To gain a better understanding of the mechanisms.‎ C．To challenge current theories of sleep and theories of memory.‎ 18‎ D．To explain the possibility of vocabulary learning during deep sleep.‎ D　解析：写作意图题。第一段提出问题“This raises the question whether the time spent during sleeping could be used more productively, e. g. for learning a new language.”(是否可以更有效地利用睡眠时间，例如用于学习一种新语言。)；第二段回答该问题“then firstplay, i. e. the initial processing of new information, should also be possible during sleep”(对新信息的初始处理，在睡眠期间也应该是可能的)；第三段通过研究提出证据证明了第二段的猜想。最后两段进行了补充说明。据此可知，本文是为了说明在深度睡眠中，学习新的词汇是可能的。故选D项。‎ ‎8．Where is this text most likely from?‎ A．A novel.‎ B．A guidebook.‎ C．A scientific research website.‎ D．A diary.‎ C　解析：文章出处题。根据第一段中的“Sleep research to date focused on” “There is considerable evidence” 第三段中的“The research group” 最后一段中的“The aim of these research groups”并结合文章主旨(在深度睡眠中学习新词汇方面的科学研究)可以推断出，本文可能出自一个科研网站，故选C项。‎ Ⅱ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ Several years ago, I was living in New York and working for an airline, so I never got back home for Christmas. My Christmas was happy too with some other colleagues around. But in my heart I was sad because I couldn’t stay with my family. Sometimes my colleagues would say our Christmas was filled with tears. But this Christmas was different. I was lucky. I had the whole day off, which meant I could stay with my family on Christmas Eve.‎ When Christmas morning came, I awoke to a small hand rubbing my face.“Dad, Merry Christmas！”was all my younger son had time to say. He seemed to be racing against time. I knew he was hunting for gifts with his brother eagerly. I got downstairs just to see the two little boys’ faces as they looked at the pocket rockets Santa Claus had left them. I realized that the real Christmas was for the children who had deep belief in the amazing power of Santa Claus. At first, their fingers went almost shyly over their toys. When their inspection had been completed, the two boys ensured that the gifts were really delivered by Santa Claus and they dragged 18‎ ‎ everything into the center of the living room.‎ Delight flooded the room. As their mother began giving out gifts, I smiled to myself, wondering how my unexpected gifts this year would be received. With so many Christmas spent outside, I had prepared so many gifts for my children and together with my wife I hid them in several secret places. But the children were excellent detectives and they found all of them. They were happily opening packages constantly thanking considerate Santa Claus for his kindness and ability to know their desires. But I had not received a single one. I knew they had forgotten my existence with my absence from their Christmas these years.‎ Paragraph 1：‎ I had to admit that my disappointment was growing steadily.________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Suddenly my wife walked up to me. ________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Paragraph 1：‎ I had to admit that my disappointment was growing steadily. I was wondering whether I could get a gift when my younger son ran to me, who was really kind enough to save my face. He asked me to admire his gift which he deeply believed was carefully chosen by Santa Claus. He said happily that he would share some of the gifts of his ‎ 18‎ and allow me to choose one from them. I thanked him from the bottom of my heart, still feeling disappointed.‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Suddenly my wife walked up to me. It seemed that she had guessed how I felt. She asked me to look at the Christmas tree which was decorated with so many boxes. I thought she was showing off her efforts on the decoration but she took off a small box and passed it to me smiling and saying it was for me. I opened it and saw a letter which read“We will never forget you. Merry Christmas！”Under the letter was a watch which was clicking with delight. I was moved with tears.‎ 18‎