宾语从句和定语从句《破解2020年中考英语之易错易混点丢分题》(解析版)

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宾语从句和定语从句《破解2020年中考英语之易错易混点丢分题》(解析版)

【2019 • 四川省凉山州】—Simon, you look smart in the T-shirt. Could you tell me ___________ it? —OK. I bought it in a store online. A. where you bought B. where do you buy C. when you buy D. when did you buy 【参考答案】 【试题解析】句意:——西蒙,你穿这件 T 恤看起来很帅。你能告诉我你在哪里买的吗?——好的。我是 在网上的一家商店买的。宾语从句中,从句通常用陈述语序,排除 B、D。从 I bought it in a store online. 判 断句子询问在哪里买的,用 where 引导。故选 A。 此题考查宾语从句,学生想做对宾语从句的题,必须掌握住三个原则:一、宾语从句应用陈述语序; 二、宾语从句的时态应和主句保持一致;三、选择正确的宾语从句引导词。此题中 A 项和 C 项都是陈述语 序,根据句意可知此处问的是他在哪里买的衣服,故选 where 作引导词。 宾语从句的种类 宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾 语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。 1. 由 that 引导的宾语从句。that 只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。 He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 2. 由连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which 和连接副词 when, where, why, how 引导的宾语从句。这些连 接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I don’t know why the train is late. 3. 由 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句。if 和 whether 在句中的意思是"是否"。 I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 【辨析】宾语从句的引导词 引导词 引导词的作用 例句 that 无意义,只起连接作用,常 可省略 He said (that) Kate was good at swimming. 他说凯特擅长游泳。 what,which, who,whose, whom 等连接代词 在从句中作主语、宾语、定 语等 I don’t know what they are going to do. 我不知道他们打算干什么。 when,where,why,how 等连接副词 在从句中作状语 Could you tell me where you are from?你能告 诉我你来自哪吗? if,whether 意为"是否",不作句子成 分,但不能省略 He asked me if she was a teacher. 他问我她是否是一位老师。 【典例】—We don’t know _______________. —It is said that he was born in Sweden. A. what he is B. if he lives here C. where he comes from D. which country is he from 【答案】C 【解析】该题考查的是宾语从句的语序。按照他们谈论的话题可知:他们说的是某人是哪里人。A 和 B 可以 排除掉。D 的语序不对,只有 C 正确。 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序,即按照主语、谓语的顺序。 1. 陈述句变为宾语从句,语序不变,即仍用陈述语序。 He is an honest boy. The teacher said. →The teacher said(that) he was an honest boy. I hear (that) physics isn’t easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon. Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting. 2. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句,语序变为陈述语序。 Does he work hard? I wonder. →I wonder if/whether he works hard. When did he leave? I don’t know. →I don’t know when he left. Do you know what Kate’s e-mail address is? Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? 【典例】Miss Green didn’t tell us _______________ in 2002. A. where does she live B. Where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived 【答案】D 【解析】该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句应用陈述句的语序和时态,故选 D。 宾语从句主句与从句时态一致的问题。 1. 如果主句是现在的某种时态(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时),那么宾语从句的时态可根据 实际情况而定。 I remember he gave me a book yesterday. He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrrow. I don’t think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 【典例】1. Would you please tell me _______________? A. when did he come home B. where he would play football C. if he had seen the film D. why he didn’t watch the game 【答案】D 【解析】该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。主句用的实际上是现在时,宾语从句在这个句子里应用陈 述句的语序和一般过去时。 2. I don’t know when _______________. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave 【答案】B 【解析】该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。只有 B 项在语序和时态上符合要求。 2. 如果主句是过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时),那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态(包 括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。 He told me that he would take part in the high jump. He asked what time it was. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. He asked if you had written to Peter. He said that he would go back to the US soon. 3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态。 Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. He told me that the earth is round. 【特别提醒】否定转移 在主从复合句中,当主句的主语为第一人称,谓语动词是 think,believe,suppose 等词时,要将从句的 否定转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式,而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。 I don’t think he will come with you. 我认为他不会和你一起来。 【2019 • 吉林省中考】Mr. Brown is a teacher __________ is strict with all is students. A. which B. who C. where 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】句意"布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师"。本题考查定语从句。A.指物,在从句中作 主语或宾语;B.指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;C.表示地方,在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为 a teacher,指人,在从句中作主语,故选 B。 做定语从句的题时,可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词,要先看先行词指人、指物还是 既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分,从而做出正确的判断。 。 宾语从句须注意,几点事项应牢记。 一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。 陈述句子用 that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替; 特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。 二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。 主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意; 主句若为过去时,从句时态向前移。 三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。 一、 二、 三、 四、 五、 关系代词 关系代词有六个,听我逐一来说破; which 表物人用 who,人物都有 that 顾; which 用在逗号后,意表前句你要 know; who 作主语很称职,whom that 用法 that 用法真有趣,两个地方它不去; 逗号后边它不去,介词之后不考虑。 that 和 which 的区别 that which 先行若是不定代,that 就把 which 踹; 先行词前有两数,就用 that 定无误; 先行词前最高级,还用 that 必无疑; 句中若有 there be,that 应把 which 替; 先行主中作表语,避免重复从句里; just, the only,very,same,last 其后也要用 that。 指人的关系代词 指人可用 that, who,以下情况多用 who; those people 作先行,there be 的结构中; 先行指人不定代,从中作主 who 要在; 两个定从一起来,不要重复你有才。 六、 七、 八、 在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。定语从 句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 whose 的用法 定从之中少定语,whose 为你唱一曲; whose 指人又指物,所属关系要记住。 as 和 which 的区别 as/which 在句末,若有否定 as 错; 句首只能用 as,还有认知猜想词; 固定结构用 as, the same/such/so/as; so/such...that 宾不离,so/such...as...宾要弃。 关系代词用法总结 关系代词作宾语,省与不省全靠你。 特殊情况 只记上边不可以,特殊情况告诉你; 先行用 way 作状语,in which/ that /略可以; one of +复作先行,从中谓语复数明; one 前若有 only/very,从中谓语定用单; 定从名从可转换,all that 被 what 换。 关系代词有 that,which,who,whom,whose;关系副词有 when,where,why 等。 【图示】 定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括 that, which, who(宾格 whom, 所有格 whose)等,关系副词包括 where, when, why 等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之 间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从 句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开, 起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。 关系代词的基本用法 作主语 作宾语 作定语 指人 who/that who/whom/that/省略 whose 指物 which/that which/that/省略 The man who/that spoke at the meeting is from Hong Kong. 会上发言的人来自香港。 The building which/that is being built will be used as a hospital. 在建中的这幢建筑将用作医院。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the world. 我拜访了一位世界知名的科学家。 【典例】I don’t know the teacher ______________ is talking with Miss Wang. A. what B. whom C. which D. who 【答案】D 【解析】所填写词引导定语从句,修饰先行词 teacher,并在从句中作主语,故用关系代词 who。 【注意】1. 当关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持主谓一致。 He is one of the boys who like playing basketball. 他是喜欢打篮球的男孩子之一。 He is the one of the boys who likes playing basketball. 他就是那个喜欢打篮球的男孩子。 2. 通常在以下六种情况下只能用 that 而不能用 which: (1)先行词为 all,much,something,everything,nothing,little,none,the one 等代词时。 That is all that I want to say. 那就是我想要说的。 【典例】—Is that all? —Yes. That’s all ______________ I want to take. A. which B. that C. who D. whose 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——就这些?——是的,这就是我要买的所有东西。which,that 的先行词都是物,但当先 行词是 all 等不定代词时,关系代词一般只用 that;who 的先行词只能是人;whose 一般在从句中作定语。 故选 B。 (2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用 that, 而不用 which。 He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。 This is the most wonderful film that I have seen. 这是我看过的最精彩的电影。 Look at the apples. You can see the two that you gave me. 看这些苹果。你能看到你给我的那两个。 (3)以 who 或 which 引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用 that。 Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁? (4)先行词被 the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时,只能用 that,而不用 which。 This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。 Mr. Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他唯一认识的外国人。 (5)先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用 that,而不用 which.。 We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited. 我们访问过的老师和学校给我们留 下了深刻的印象。 I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的 人和一些照片。 (6)先行词在主句中作表语,或关系代词在从句中作表语时。 It’s a book that will help you a lot. 这是一本对你很有帮助的书。 (7)主句是 there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用 that,而不用 which。 There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。 3. 关系词只能用 which,而不用 that 的情况: (1)先行词为 that,those 时,用 which,而不用 that。 What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么? (2)关系代词前有介词时,一般用 which,而不用 that。 This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。 (3)引导非限制性定语从句,用 which,而不用 that。 Tom came back, which made us happy. 汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。 关系副词的基本用法 1. when 在句中作状语,表示时间。 He remembers the day when he joined the League. 他记得他入团那天。 This was the time when he arrived. 这是他到达的时间。 2. where 在句中作状语,表示地点。 This is the place where Lu Xun was born. 这就是鲁迅出生的地方。 This is the place where he works. 这是他工作的地点。 3. why 在句中作状语,表示原因。 This is the reason why he is late today. 这就是他今天迟到的原因。 Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。 【典例】I love places _______________ the people are really friendly. A. that B. which C. in where D. where 【答案】D 【解析】句意:我喜欢民风淳朴的地方。根据先行词是 places,从句中缺少地点状语,可知引导词是 in which 或者是 where,故选 D。 1. 【2019 • 广西北部湾经济区】—Do you know____________? —Yes, we’ll take a bus there. A. when we will go the museum tomorrow B. when will we go to the museum tomorrow C. how we will go the museum tomorrow D. how will we go to the museum tomorrow 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——你知道明天我们怎样去博物馆吗?——是的,我们将乘公共汽车去那儿。考查宾语从 句。根据 Do you know______?可知,本题考查宾语从句,宾语从句三要素是:连接词、宾语从句语序、时 态。根据宾语从句用陈述语序,可知 B、D 选项均是疑问语序,所以排除。When 什么时候,是对时间的提 问;how 如何、怎样,是对方式、方法的提问;再根据答语 Yes, we’ll take a bus there.可知此处应是对方式 的提问,排除 A 选项;故答案选 C。 2. 【2019 • 黑龙省大庆市】Excuse me, could you tell me ____________? A. where is the railway station B. how can I get to the railway station C. where the railway station is D. how do I get to the railway station 【答案】C 【解析】句意:打扰了,请你告诉我火车站在哪里好吗?本题考查宾语从句的语序,宾语从句必须要用陈 述句的语序,A、B、D 都是一般疑问句的语序,只有 C 选项是陈述句的语序,故答案选 C。 3. 【2019 • 四川省广元市】Jerry asked Mike ____________. A. where did he come from B. where does he come from C. where he came from 【答案】C 【解析】考查宾语从句用法。句意:杰瑞问麦克_________。根据主句的动词 asked 是过去式可知,宾语从 句用过去的时态,排除 B;宾语从句中用陈述语序,排除疑问语序的 A,故选 C。 4. 【2019 • 湖北省黄石市】—I wonder ____________ in Guangzhou in two hours. —Of course. The high speed train is very fast. A. When I can arrive B. When can I arrive C. whether I can arrive D. whether can I arrive 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——我想知道我是否能在两个小时内到达广州。——当然,高铁非常快。本题考查宾语从 句,宾语从句用陈述句语序,排除 B 和 D;When I can arrive 我什么时候能到达;whether I can arrive 我是否 能到达。根据 Of course 可知,问的是"我是否能两个小时内到广州",故选 C。 5. 【2019 • 黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市】Which of the following sentences is correct? A. I wonder what’s the matter with her. B. My mother asked me what I do with my pocket money. C. Could you please tell me where is the nearest hospital? 【答案】A 【解析】根据要求是"以下那个句子是正确的"?A. I wonder what’s the matter with her.我想知道她怎么了; 这里是 what 引导的宾语从句;B. My mother asked me what I do with my pocket money.我的母亲问我如何处理 零钱;主语是过去式,从句用相应的过去式;这个宾语从句时态不对,do 变成 did;C. Could you please tell me where is the nearest hospital?请你告诉我最近的医院在哪好吗?这里是宾语从句,要用陈述语序。只有选项 A 是正确的。根据题意,故选 A。 6. 【2019 • 甘肃省天水市】The teacher asked Li Hua ____________. A. why is he late for class B. why he is late for class C. why was he late for class D. why he was late for class 【答案】D 【解析】句意:老师问李华为什么上课迟到。此句是疑问副词引导的宾语从句,宾语从句要用陈述句的语 序,排除 A、C;主句是一般过去时,受主句时态的影响,从句也要用一般过去时。故答案为 D。 【点睛】宾语从句是中考必考的语法项目,主要考查三个方面的内容:语序,连接词和时态。 7. 【2019 • 贵州省贵阳市】Johnny made up his mind to give up smoking. He is thinking about ____________. A. how he can make it B. how can he make it C. how will he make it 【答案】A 【解析】句意:约翰尼下定决心戒烟。他正在考虑如何戒烟。这里是宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除 BC,这 里是 how 引导的宾语从句,how he can make it 他怎样能做到。根据题意,故选 A。 8. 【2019 • 广西省河池市】My cousin hasn’t decided ____________ this weekend. A. how will he go to Shanghai B. how he will go to Shanghai C. how has he gone to Shanghai D. how he has gone to Shanghai 【答案】B 【解析】句意:我的表哥还没有决定他这个周末怎样去上海。how will he go to Shanghai 他将怎样去上海, 疑问语序;how he will go to Shanghai 陈述语序;how has he gone to Shanghai 疑问语序;how he has gone to Shanghai 他已经怎样去了上海。根据句子结构可知,这里考查的是宾语从句,从句中应用陈述语序,故先 排除 A 和 C。根据句意和句中的时间状语 this weekend 可知,这里表示还没有发生的事情,应用将来时,故 选 B。 9. 【2019 • 江苏省南通市】—Could you please tell me ____________? —With pleasure. Wait a moment, please. A. if the scarf looked nice on me B. what’s the new product like C. that Guilin is worth visiting D. how I can order a robot online 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——你能告诉我怎么在网上订购机器人吗?——很高兴。请稍等。这里是宾语从句,用陈 述语序,排除 B,这里是问句不能用 that 引导,排除 C,Could you please tell me 是一般现在是时态,从句 用一般现在时态,排除 A。根据题意,故选 D。 10. 【2019 • 四川省内江市】Could you tell me ____________ this morning? A. what time you had breakfast B. where have you been C. how did you get there D. why will you leave earlier 【答案】A 【解析】句意:你能告诉我你今天早上几点钟吃的早饭吗?考查宾语从句。根据 Could you tell me ____可知, 本题考查宾语从句,宾语从句三要素是:连接词、宾语从句语序、时态。根据宾语从句要用陈述语序,而 B、 C、D 选项均是疑问语序,所以排除。故答案选 A。 11. 【2019 • 江苏省无锡市】You’ve no idea ____________ to build a new airport. Let me tell you, young man. That’s billions of dollars! A. how much it will cost. B. how long it will take us C. how much will it cost D. how long will it take us 【答案】A 【解析】句意:你不知道建一个新机场要花多少钱。让我告诉你,年轻人。那是数十亿美元!本题考查同 位语从句。同位语从句要用陈述句的语序,因此排除 C/D;根据 That’s billions of dollars! 那是数十亿美元! 可知,上文应该问的是建一个新机场要花多少钱。而不是多长时间。故选 A。 12. 【2019 • 江苏省镇江市】—Do you believe that humans could live on Mars? —I don’t think ____________. A. if it comes true B. that it will come true C. why it will come true D. how does it come true 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——你认为人类能在火星上生活吗?——我认为这是不能实现的。if it comes true 它是否是 真的;that it will come true 它会成真的;why it will come true 它为什么会成真;how does it come true 它是怎 样成真的。根据对话的意思可知,这里应表示说话人对这个问题的观点,A、C 和 D 意思不对,宾语从句的 引导词应该用 that,故选 B。 13. 【2019 • 云南省昆明市】 In order to take a pleasant trip to Kunming, Dave emailed me to ask ____________ . A. what was Kunming most famous for B. what Kunming was most famous for C. whether is summer a good time to come D. whether summer is a good time to come 【答 案】B 【解 析】句意:为了去昆明 旅游愉快,戴夫给我发 电子邮件,问昆明最有 名的是什么。宾语从 句要 用陈述语序,排除选项 AC;结合句意"为了去 昆明旅游愉快 ,戴夫给 我发电子邮件 ,问昆 明最 有名的是什么"可知, 主句是一般过 去时,宾 语从句要用过 去时,选项 D 时态 不对,也语 意不 通。故选 B。 14.【2019 • 四川省遂宁市】 Could you tell me ____________? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when they would leave Beijing 【答 案】C 【解 析】根据句意 :你能告 诉我他们什么 时候离开 北京吗?可知 考查宾语 从句,用陈述语序, 故排除 A 、B;主 句中的 could 表示语气的委婉 ,不是过 去时,故从句用 一般将来时 。故选 C。 15. 【2019 • 四川省达州市】—Linda, could you remember __________? —Have you forgotten we agreed to go to Hongkong? A. where are we going after exam B. where we are going after the exam C. where are we going to after the exam D. where we are going to after the exam 【答案】B 【解析】根据句意:——琳达,你还记得考试后我们要去哪里吗?——你忘了我们答应去香港了吗?考查 宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除 A、C;where 不跟介词连用。排除 D。故选 B。 16. 【2019 • 青海省中考】—I don’ t know __________ we will go. —Why not? We will go to the beach for a picnic. A. Where B. When C. how 【答案】 【解析】句意:——我不知道我们将去哪里?——为什么不知道?我们将去海滩野餐。结合 will go to the beach for a picnic,可知问的是地点. A. 哪里;B. 什么时间;C. 如何。选项 A 符合题意,故选 A。 17. 【2019 • 内蒙古呼和浩特市】She was so angry at __________ he was doing __________ she walked out without a word. A. what; that B. that; what C. what; what D. that; that 【答案】A 【解析】句意:她对他所做的事很生气,以至于她一言不发地走了出去。第一空考查 what 引 导的宾语从句;第二空考查 so…that…如此……以至于……。故选 A。 18. 【2019 • 湖南省湘潭市】—Can you tell me __________ on Father’s Day? —Guess what? Well I wrote a poem for my dad. A. when did you shop B. where you go C. what you did 【答案】C 【解析】根据句意:——你能告诉我在父亲节你做什么吗?——猜猜是什么?我给我爸爸写了一首诗。可 知考查宾语从句,用陈述语序,故排除 A;结合 I wrote a poem for my dad,可知连词是 what。 故选 C。 19. 【2019 • 海南省中考】—Sandy, do you know __________? —Yes, some news about black holes. A. what Tom is searching for B. what is Tom searching for C. who Tom is searching for 【答案】A 【解析】根据句意:——桑迪,你知道 Tom 正在找什么吗?——知道。关于黑洞的一些新闻。可知考查宾 语从句,用陈述语序,故排除 B;结合 Some news about black holes,可知连词是 what。故选 A。 20. 【2019 • 黑龙江省大庆市】The book __________ I read last night was fantastic. A. that B. what C. whose D. who 【答案】A 【解析】句意:我昨晚读的那本书真是太棒了。此句考查定语从句的关系词。A. that 先行词是人或物,在 从句中作主语或宾语;B. what 不能引导定语从句;C. whose 先行词是人或物,在从句中作定语;D. who 先 行词是人,在从句中作主语或宾语。本句的先行词 book 指物,用 that 来引导,故答案为 A。 21. 【2019 • 甘肃省天水市】—Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth(流浪地球) ? —Yes. It’s the best one __________ I have ever seen. A. that B. which C. what D. it 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——你看过《流浪地球》这部电影吗?——这是我看到过的电影中最好的一部。考查定语 从句的关联词,that/which 可以引导定语从句,what,it 不能引导定语从句,首先排除 C,D;先行词是不定 代词 one,前面被形容词的最高级 best 修饰,引导词只能用 that 不能用 which,故答案为 A. 22. 【2019 • 贵州省贵阳市】Wang Yangming is a great educationalist __________ developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen. A. which B. what C. who 【答案】C 【解析】句意:王阳明是教育界的一位伟大的教育家,他的大部分思想都是在修文中发展起来的。A. which 关系词,引导定语从句,先行词是物;B. what 不能引导定语从句;C. who 关系词,引导定语从句,先行词 是人,根据 educationalist 指人,所以用 who,故选 C。 23. 【2019 • 四川省达州市】—Frank, look! Who are the children under the tree __________ waiting in a line? —They are the students from No. 1 Primary School. A. that are B. where are C. which is D. who is 【答案】A 【解析】根据句意:——弗兰克,你看!树下排队的孩子们是谁? ——他们是来第一小学的学生。可知先行 词是 children,指人,作主语,故选代词用 who/that,先行词是复数,动词用 are。故选 A。 1. (济南汇才学校 2019-2020 学年度第一学期期中)—Excuse me, I wonder ________. —Near Quancheng Square. A. where is Baotu Spring B. when to see Baotu Spring C. how can I get to Baotu Spring D. where Baotu Spring is 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——对不起,我想知道趵突泉在哪里。——在泉城广场附近。考查宾语从句。宾语从句需 用陈述句语序,可排除 AC。when 什么时候,问时间;where 在哪里,wonder 疑惑/想知道,表疑问;根据 回答 Near Quancheng Square 在泉城广场附近,可知问的是地点,故选 D。 2. (广东梅州梅县义径 2019——2020 学年上学期月考题)19.Did the radio say ? A. how the bad rice came B. where the bad rice came from C. how did the bad rice come D. where did the bad rice come from 【答案】B 【解析】句意:收音机有没有说坏米是从哪里来的?考查宾语从句的连接词、语序。A. how the bad rice came (坏米是怎么来的,陈述句的语序);B. where the bad rice came from(坏米是从哪里来的,陈述句的语序); C. how did the bad rice come(坏米是怎么来的,疑问句的语序);D. where did the bad rice come from(坏米 是从哪里来的,疑问句的语序);宾语从句要按照陈述句的语序,所以,排除 CD;疑问词 how 提问方式, where 提问地点;从文字的表层意思推断空格指“坏米是从哪里来的”,问地点,故选 B。 3. (河南省南阳市内乡县 2019 届九年级中招一模考试).---Could you please tell me ________? ---Yes, she came to teach here just last week. A. that she is a new teacher B. when did she come here C. whether she is a new teacher D. what’s wrong with her 【答案】C 【解析】句意“-你能告诉我她是一个新老师吗?-是的,她上周才来这里教书”。本题考查宾语从句,宾语 从句用陈述句语序,排除 B。且根据 Yes, she came to teach here just last week 可知,问的是“她是否是一个 新老师”,that 在宾语从句中无意义也不做成份,whether 在从句中不做成份,但译为“是否”.故选 C。 4. (河南省南阳市内乡县 2019 届九年级中招一模) .Do you have books about famous scientists ________ are suitable for children to read? A. what B. which C. who D. whom 【答案】B 【解析】句意“你有关于科学家方面的适合小孩子读的书吗?”。本题考查定语从句。A.定语从句中没有 what; B.which 指物,在从句中作主语和宾语;C.who 指人,在从句中作主语和宾语;D.whom 指人,在从句中作 宾语。根据句意可知,先行词为 books 指物,在从句中作主语,故选 B。 5. (安徽省桐城市第二中学 2019 届九年级下学期第三次模拟)—I don’t care __________. In this camp, there’s only one hairstyle-short! Understand? —Yes, madam! A. what you are used to liking B. what you used to be like C. what are you used to liking D. what did you use to be like 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——我不在乎你以前是什么样子。在这个营地里,只能有短短的一个发型!明白了吗?—— 明白,夫人!此句连接代词连接的宾语从句,从句应该用陈述句的语序,排除 C,D;be used to doing sth.习 惯于做某事,used to do 过去常常做某事,结合句意可知,答案为 B。 6. (山东滨州部分地区 2019-2020 学年上学期第一次阶段测试)The teacher said light _____faster than sound. A. travel B. to travel C. travels D. travelling 【答案】C 【解析】句意:老师说光传播的比声音快。“光传播的比声音快”这是在陈述自然现象,用一般现在时。宾语 从句的主语是 light,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选 C。 7. (北京市上地实验学校 2019-2020 学年九年级上学期第二次统练)Do you know where now? A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live 【答案】A 【解析】句意:你知道他现在住在那里吗?本题中的 know 后跟的是一个宾语从句,用正常的顺序,故不选 BD,本题问的是一般情况,不用过去时,故本题选 A。 8. (2019 年江苏省连云港市赣榆实验中学模拟) The boy wants to do a project on recycling. He wonders ________. A. that she will do something to make a difference B. if the project can encourage everyone to recycle C. how can she help others to recycle useful materials D. where can people put the rubbish 【答案】B 【解析】句意:这个男孩想做一个回收利用的项目。他想知道这个项目是否能鼓励每个人循环利用。考查 宾语从句。wonder:想知道,后面一般跟 if/whether 或特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句,可知排除 A;宾语从句 的语序是陈述语序,C 和 D 是疑问句语序,B 是陈述语序,可知选 B。 9. (北京市西城区 2019 模拟测试)-Do you know ________? -In 2022. A. when will the next World Cup begin B. when did the next World Cup begin C. when the next World Cup will begin D. when the next World Cup began 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——你知道下一届世界杯将在什么时候开始吗?——2022 年。考查宾语从句和一般将来时。 宾语从句用陈述句语序,因此先排除 A、B 选项;根据 In 2022 的回答可知,宾语从句所提到的下一次世界 杯将在未来发生,应用一般将来时,故答案选 C。 10. (2019 年汕头市潮南区模拟)I think that “中国锦鲤” must be one of the hottest words on the Internet these days, but I don't know . A. what does it mean B. whom it first used by C. how it became popular D. why do people like using it 【答案】C 【解析】句意:我认为“中国锦鲤”是这些天在因特网上最热的词汇之一,但是我不知道它怎样火起来的。 A. what does it mean 它是什么意思;B. whom it first used by 它最先被谁使用;C. how it became popular 它怎 样变得流行的;D. why do people like using it 为什么人们喜欢使用它。空格处为宾语从句,宾语从句的语序 为疑问词+陈述句语序,故排除 A 和 D;再由 one of the hottest words,可知,是很流行,故选 C。 10. (2019 年汕头市潮南区模拟)—I prefer movies and actors can make me laugh. —So do I. I think you will fall in love with the movie Crazy Alien. A. who B. which C. what D. that 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——我更喜欢能使我大笑的电影和演员。——我也是,我认为你将会爱上《疯狂外星人》 这部电影。 A. who 代替人;B. which 代替物;C. what 不用于定语从句;D. that 既代人,也代物。本题考查定语从句关 系词,先行词为 movies and actors,既有人,又有物,故选 D。 10. (山东青岛 2019 市北一模)---I wonder _________. ---I have no idea. A. why was he late B. that we will have the meeting C. what happened to her D. where was she born 【答案】C 【解析】句意:-我想知道她发生了什么事。-我不知道。考查宾语从句,观察题干,这是一个宾语从句,从 句语序要遵循陈述语气,排除 AD。选项 B,引导词错误,应该用关系副词 when,故选:C。 11.(江苏吴江青云中学 18—19 学年第二学期 3 月调研)—Do you know _________? —Yes, she is very kind and outgoing. A. what’s his mother like B. what his mother likes C. what his mother is like D. how his mother is like 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——你知道他妈妈是什么样吗?——是的,她又善良又外向。be like 像---;what is ---like? 像---什么?疑问词引导的从句用陈述句的语序;故选 C。
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